GB 11299.1-1989 Satellite communication earth station radio equipment measurement methods Part 1: Measurements common to subsystems and subsystem combinations Section 1: General
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in satellite earth stationsPart 1: Measurements common to sub-systemsand combinations of suh-systemsSection One-General
GB 11299.1—89
IEC 510-1(1975)
IEC 510-1A(1980)
The series of standards "Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in satellite earth stations" includes three parts: Part 1: Measurements common to sub-systemsand combinations of suh-systems; Part 2: Subsystem measurements; Part 3: Subsystem combination measurements. Each part includes several standards. "General" is a standard in Part 1, which is applicable to all parts. This standard is equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC510-1 (1975) "Measurement methods for radio equipment of satellite communication earth stations - Part 1 General" and its first supplement: 510-1A (1980). 1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the standard test conditions and measurements under deviation from the standard test conditions for the measurement methods in this series of standards; and defines some common terms.
The standard test conditions and performance measurement methods specified in Part 1 of this series of standards are generally applicable to the measurements of various subsystems and subsystem combinations of satellite communication earth stations.
These measurement methods are general methods applicable to all systems. The specific measurement items shall be agreed upon by the relevant units. 2 Purpose
The purpose of this series of standards is to determine the test conditions and measurement methods for radio equipment of satellite communication earth stations so that the measurement results obtained by different observers on different equipment can be easily compared. This series of standards includes detailed descriptions of the measurement methods recommended for evaluating the basic performance of satellite communication earth stations and equipment used on them. These measurements can be selected according to each specific situation. If necessary, some measurements can be added, but the added measurements should comply with the relevant provisions of the national standards. The limits of various parameters that meet performance requirements are not specified because these parameters are usually given in the technical conditions of the equipment. The measurement methods described in this series of standards are for "finalization" and "acceptance" tests, and they can also be used for "in-process" tests. 3 Terms and definitions
In this part and other parts of this series of standards, the definition of the measured parameters is described first before describing the measurement methods. In order to indicate the relevance of the definitions, they may be described in the relevant clauses or listed separately. The definitions in this standard are as consistent as possible with the provisions of the current relevant national standards. Some definitions differ from those in the relevant national standards, so it is necessary to better understand the definitions of this standard. Approved by the Ministry of Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on March 1, 1989 and implemented on January 1, 1990
3.1 Technical requirements for equipment
GB 11299. 1--89
is a specially prepared or provided document that describes the performance and parameters of the equipment under specified conditions of normal use, as well as the conditions under which failures may occur.
Note: In order to assess whether the equipment complies with the general principles and test methods to be followed in the safety regulations under normal working conditions and specified failure conditions, the relevant provisions of the national standard "Safety Requirements for Radio Transmitting Equipment" should be referred to. 3.2 Satellite Communication Earth Station
For the purpose of this standard, the typical configuration of the earth station is shown in Figure 1. 3.3 Model
A model refers to products with similar design features, similar manufacturing processes, and within the manufacturer's normal range of characteristics. Note: (i) If the installation of accessories has no significant effect on the test results, the accessories may be ignored. ② "Characteristics" include the following:
a. Rated values of electrical parameters:
b. Dimensions;
c. Performance under environmental conditions.
③ Various performance indicators and limit values shall be agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer. 3.4 Type Approval
Several samples representing a certain model are selected for a complete series of tests to confirm which manufacturer can produce products that meet the technical conditions.
3.5 Type Approval
A decision made by the appropriate competent authority (such as a government agency), the buyer or its agent to confirm that a certain manufacturer is capable of producing a certain number of products of this model that meet the requirements. 3.6 Acceptance Test
Tests conducted according to the agreement between the supplier and the buyer to determine whether the delivery is acceptable. The agreement should include:
a. The number of samples;
b. The choice of test;
Exceptions and tolerances.
Note: If different test methods produce different results, the method preferred by the national standard shall be adopted. 3.7 Factory test
Tests performed by the manufacturer to confirm whether its products meet the technical conditions. 4: Measurement conditions
Care should be taken to exclude all conditions that may cause damage to the equipment. Unless otherwise specified, the measurements shall be made under standard conditions. Standard conditions for power supply, temperature, air pressure, humidity and terminal load are given below.
When the equipment finally meets these conditions, various adjustment devices shall remain unchanged during all measurements, except for those that must be adjusted before or during the measurement as specified. 5 Standard test conditions
5.1 Standard power supply conditions
Measurements under standard power supply conditions are measurements made at the nominal voltage and nominal frequency specified in the equipment technical conditions. The voltage should be measured at the power supply terminals of the equipment under test.
Unless otherwise specified, the power supply voltage and frequency shall not deviate from the nominal value by more than ±2% during a series of measurements of a subsystem or a combination of subsystems.
GB 11299. 1-- 89
Unless otherwise specified, the standard power supply conditions include the supplementary conditions specified in Chapter 6. 5.2 Standard atmospheric conditions
Measurements under standard atmospheric conditions are usually carried out in accordance with the conditions specified in Article 5.2.1. If necessary, the measurement results should be corrected by calculation to the values under the standard reference temperature of 20°C and the standard reference pressure of 101.3 kPa specified in Article 5.2.2. If such correction is not possible, the measurement should be carried out in accordance with the standard arbitration conditions specified in Article 5.2.3, and the standard power supply conditions equivalent to room temperature of 201°C should be preferably used.
Note: The standard atmospheric conditions specified in Articles 5.2.1, 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 meet the conditions specified in GB2421 "General Principles of Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for Electric and Electronic Products".
5.2.1 Standard test conditions
Measurement results or temperature, pressure switches, or can be calibrated to the standard reference temperature and pressure specified in Article 5.2.2 by calculation, then these measurements and mechanical tests can usually be carried out under the following range of ambient temperature, humidity and pressure combination conditions: Temperature: 15~35C
Relative humidity: 45%~75%
Air pressure: 86~106kPa
If the measured parameter values change with temperature, humidity and air pressure, and their When the variation law is unknown, the standard arbitration conditions in Article 5.2.3 shall be used.
5.2.2 Standard reference conditionsbzxZ.net
If the measured parameter value changes with temperature and/or air pressure, and its variation law is known, the parameter value shall be measured under the conditions specified in Article 5.2.1. If necessary, the measurement result can be corrected by calculation to the value under the following standard reference atmospheric conditions: Temperature: +20C
Air pressure: 101.3kPa
Note: There is no requirement for relative humidity because it is usually impossible to correct by calculation. 5.2.3 Standard arbitration conditions
If the value of the measured parameter changes with temperature, air pressure and humidity, and the law of change is unknown, the supply and demand parties shall negotiate and select one of the following combination conditions for measurement
20±1℃
23±1c
25±1℃
27+1℃
Relative humidity
63%~67%
48%～52%
48%~52%
63%~67%
86~106 kPa
86～106 kPa
86~106 kPa
86-106 kPa
With the consent of the supply and demand parties, the measurement may not be carried out under the above conditions, but in this case, an agreement should also be reached on the appropriate limit values of various parameters. The actual temperature, relative humidity and pressure values during the measurement period shall be given in the measurement results. Note: For large equipment (such as antennas) or when the above temperature, relative humidity and/or pressure limits are difficult to maintain in the laboratory, the tolerances may be relaxed by mutual agreement, but the actual values shall be given in the test results. 6 Supplementary conditions for power supply
In addition to complying with the relevant provisions of the equipment technical conditions, the power supply used for equipment testing shall also be sufficiently stable, and changes in power supply characteristics shall not cause significant changes in the performance of the equipment under test. Generally speaking, if the power supply complies with the provisions of 6.1 and 6.2, the above conditions will also be met. 6.1 AC power supply conditions
6.1.1 Waveform and source impedance
Unless otherwise specified, the AC power supply connected to the AC power supply terminals of the equipment shall be a substantially sinusoidal AC power supply, and its source impedance shall be low enough so that the effect on the operation of the equipment can be ignored. 3
GB 11299.1---89
If the maximum deviation of the instantaneous value of any part of the waveform curve from the instantaneous value of its fundamental wave does not exceed % of the amplitude of the fundamental wave, then the voltage waveform is considered to be essentially a sine wave (i.e. la-bl ≤ 0.05c, see Figure 2). 6.1.2 Symmetry of multiphase systems
The voltage of the multiphase power supply should be symmetrical.
When the equipment is in operation, the voltage of the multiphase system is considered to be symmetrical if the negative sequence and zero sequence components do not exceed % of the stop sequence component with respect to the fundamental wave (see Figure 3). If a multiphase system is not completely symmetrical but is still within this limit, the arithmetic mean of all phase-to-phase voltages should be used as the power supply voltage.
6.2 DC power supply conditions
Radio equipment used in satellite communication earth stations can be powered by a DC power supply during testing. This DC power supply can be sufficient to: a. Batteries with or without floating charge;
b. Rectifier power supply (see 6.1) powered by AC power supply. The power supply used to obtain DC test voltage should not power other equipment during the test. 6.2.1 Source impedance and polarity
Unless otherwise specified, the source impedance of the DC power supply should be low enough so that the effect on the equipment under test can be ignored. The specified electrodes of the DC power supply should be grounded. 6.2.2 Noise superimposed on the DC test voltage 6.2.2.1 General considerations
The noise generated by the DC power supply and superimposed on the DC test voltage may affect the performance of the equipment under test. When the equipment under test is connected to the white current power supply, the noise appearing on the DC test voltage may be introduced by the DC power supply itself or by the equipment under test. When specifying the DC power supply conditions, only the noise related to the DC power supply is involved. The noise appearing on the DC power supply may be continuous or transient. Both noises may also appear as non-reproducible transient noises (for example, transient noises caused by fuse blowing or circuit breaker operation), which should be ignored if they do not cause damage to the device under test.
If other equipment is connected to the DC power supply at the same time as the device under test, they will introduce noise to the DC power supply test voltage. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid using the DC power supply to power two or more devices at the same time. If necessary, an equivalent passive load can be used to replace the device under test, and the noise voltage across the load can be measured to verify the noise level superimposed on the DC test voltage 1 by the DC power supply. Only when the relevant parties have different opinions, the following method should be used for measurement. In this case, the maximum noise value should be agreed upon by the relevant parties.
6.2.2.2 Frequency-selective measurement of superimposed noise
For the sake of convenience, the frequency spectrum of the noise can be measured directly using a frequency-selective level meter or a radio interference meter. One electrode of the DC power supply should be grounded, and the other electrode should be connected to the input of the frequency-selective level meter or the radio interference meter through a capacitor. At the lowest frequency measured, the series impedance of the capacitor should be less than one tenth of the input impedance of the measuring instrument. The voltage rating of the electrocordant should be the rating of the DC power supply plus an appropriate safety margin. The connection line between the test instrument and the DC power supply should be as short as possible, preferably using a coaxial cable. Note that the DC power supply must be prevented from short-circuiting. The frequency range of measurement should include all baseband frequencies of the device under test. The bandwidth of the frequency-selective level meter or radio interference meter should be adapted to the measured noise spectrum line. Since spectrum lines spaced at 50Hz or 60Hz may appear, a bandwidth of about 10Hz is appropriate for frequencies between 0 and 10kHz. A bandwidth of 200Hz is more appropriate for frequencies between 10 and 150kHz. For frequencies above 150kHz, a bandwidth of 500Hz to 6kHz can be used. Note: The detailed description of the radio interference measuring instrument and the measurement method shall be in accordance with GB6118--85 "Electromagnetic Interference Measuring Instrument" and relevant national standards. 6.2.2.3 Broadband measurement of superimposed noise
Broadband measurement shall use a broadband oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope bandwidth shall be at least twice the baseband bandwidth. The peak-to-peak value of the superimposed noise voltage is expressed as a percentage of the nominal value of the DC voltage of +
GB11299. 1-89
(e.g. 2%). 7 Measurements under deviation from standard test conditions
If necessary. The performance of the equipment can also be determined after or during a period of time when the equipment is subjected to conditions different from the standard test conditions specified in Chapter 5.
In this case, the acceptable performance degradation and test conditions should be given in the equipment technical specifications (the conditions in the following clauses shall be given priority).
7.1 Initial measurement under standard test conditions The performance characteristics of the equipment should first be evaluated under standard test conditions (see Chapter 5). If these characteristics vary with temperature and humidity and their variation is generally unknown, the measurement shall be carried out under a set of standard arbitration conditions specified in 5.2.3, preferably the set corresponding to an ambient temperature of 20 ± 1°C. 7.2 Variation of power supply voltage within the specified range 7.2.1 Definition
The power supply voltage range refers to the voltage range within which the equipment can operate normally with the specified performance. 7.2.2 Test conditions
The equipment under test shall operate under standard atmospheric conditions (see 5.2) and standard power supply conditions (see 5.1). During the measurement, the voltage shall be adjusted to the maximum and minimum values specified in the equipment technical specifications. Care must be taken to ensure that the equipment reaches thermal equilibrium before measurement. 7.3 Variation of ambient temperature within the specified range 7.3.1 Definition
Technical spectrum "temperature range" refers to the ambient temperature range within which the equipment can operate normally with the specified performance. 7.3.2 Test conditions
The equipment shall operate under standard power supply conditions, and the temperature shall be raised or lowered to the maximum and minimum temperature values specified in the equipment technical specifications. The test conditions shall comply with GB2423.1 "Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test A: Low temperature test method" and GB2423.2 "Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test B: High temperature test method". 7.4 Humidity
If the test is required to be carried out under the specified humidity conditions, the test shall be carried out according to the conditions specified in GB2423.3 "Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Ca: Steady humidity and heat test method". If the test is required to be carried out under conditions where the humidity and temperature change periodically, reference shall be made to GB2423.4 "Basic environmental test procedures for electric and electronic products Test Db: Alternating humidity and heat test method"). 7.5 Other environmental test conditions
After agreement between the supplier and the buyer, other environmental condition tests different from those specified in the above clauses, such as vibration, impact, sand and dust tests, are conducted to determine the performance of the equipment. The equipment shall be subjected to the relevant test conditions in the GB2423 "Basic Environmental Test Procedures for Electrical and Electronic Products" series of standards. During or after the test, performance measurements shall be made. The tests to be conducted shall be agreed upon by both parties, and the conditions and methods shall be selected from the G132423 series of standards.
Adoption instructions:
1) The original IEC standard is "IEC68-2-4 Standard Test D: Accelerated damp heat test". However, the IEC 50th Technical Committee Paris Meeting (1979) decided to cancel "Test D" on January 1, 1983. The IEC recommends that all newly designed products use "Test Db" instead of "IEC: 68-2-4 Standard Test T): Accelerated damp heat test". See IEC68-2-30 (1980) page 7. 3. National standards GB2423, 4·81 are the corresponding standards to IEC68-2-30. 5
Signing fee
Shooting particles,
High efficiency
Up converter
Channel
Equipment room
Up converter
Modulator
GB11299.189
Manufacturing equipment
Feed network
RF multi-channel sharing
and switching equipment
Intermediate frequency switching equipment
Baseband combination, switching,
processing and signaling equipment
Program tracking equipment
Receiver
Low noise
Amplifier
Down converter
Down converter
t||shoot (or the first)
shoot (or the first)
shoot cheek (or the first)
demodulator
Figure 1 Typical configuration of radio equipment of satellite communication earth station Note: The terms used in the figure can be found in the special description of the relevant parts of this series of standards. The auxiliary and special equipment are not shown in the figure. Figure 2 Voltage waveform of AC power supply
a Voltage instantaneous value;-fundamental wave instantaneous value fundamental wave amplitude6
(a) Asymmetric system
(b) Positive sequence system
(c) Negative sequence system
(d) Zero sequence system
GB11299.1—89||tt ||Figure 3 Unbalance of three-phase system
Note: Any asymmetrical three-phase system can be considered as the superposition of three symmetrical systems: one is a positive sequence system, two is a negative sequence system, and three is a zero sequence (in-phase) system.
There is a clear relationship between the components of these symmetrical systems and the amplitude and phase imbalance of the original asymmetrical system. Assuming that the negative sequence component and the zero sequence component are both α% of the positive sequence component, when the maximum component of the asymmetrical system exceeds the minimum component by less than 3α%, the phase imbalance is less than 1.72α degrees.
These approximate values are correct when α is less than 5. Additional notes:
This standard was drafted by Nanjing Radio.
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