Some standard content:
GB17957--2000
This standard was drafted with reference to the American standard ANSIB186.1-1984 "Safety Regulations for Portable Pneumatic Tools", and other similar foreign standards.
This standard shall be implemented from June 1, 2000
This standard is proposed and managed by the Safety Production Bureau of the State Economic and Trade Commission of the People's Republic of China. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Jilin Provincial Labor Protection Science Research Institute. The main drafters of this standard: Zheng Fanying, Xiao Jianmin, Ru Haiting. 158
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
General safety requirements
for pneumatic tools
GB 17957 --- 2000
This standard specifies the general safety requirements for the design, manufacture, management, use, inspection and maintenance of pneumatic tools (hereinafter referred to as tools). This standard applies to portable tools powered by compressed air used in production and construction processes. This standard does not apply to pneumatic machinery and equipment. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB2494—1995 Safety regulations for abrasive tools
GB4674-1984 Safety regulations for grinding machinery
GB/T4974—1989 Priority pressure for compressors, rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools GB/T5898—1986 Engineering method for noise measurement of rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools GB8196—1987 Safety requirements for protective covers of mechanical equipment GB/T8910.1-1988 General principles for vibration measurement methods for rock drills and pneumatic tools GB/T8910.2--1988 Shock measurement methods for vibration of rock drills and pneumatic tools Measurement of rotary machines GB/T8910.3-1988 Vibration measurement method for rock drills and pneumatic tools Measurement of rotary machines GB10434—1989 Hygienic standard for local vibration in the workplace GB/T15706.1—1995 Basic concepts and general design principles for machinery safety Part 1: Basic terms and methodology GB/T15706.2—1995 Basic concepts and general design principles for machinery safety Part 2: Technical principles and specifications 3 Definitions
In addition to the definitions in GB/T15706.1, this standard also adopts the following definitions: 3.1 Manual switch valve positive on-off throttle A valve that changes its switch position manually and can remain in the set state. 3.2 Manual pressure valve constant pressure throttle A normally closed valve that opens when a certain pressure is applied to the valve operating part by hand (or finger) and closes automatically when the pressure is removed. 3.3 Lockable manual pressure valve constant pressure throttle with instant release lock A manual pressure valve that can be locked in the open position, and the change of its lock and release state is operated by the same hand (or finger). 3.4 Locking device lockoff means
A device that can lock the valve in the closed position. 3.5 Working parts
A general term for parts installed at the front end of the tool for various operations, such as air shovel heads, air picks, air shovel heads, pneumatic tamping heads, steamed bread, drilling tools, etc. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on January 5, 2000 and implemented on June 1, 2000
4 Design and manufacturing safety technical requirements
4.1 General
GB17957—2000
The design of tools and their accessories and fittings shall comply with the provisions of GB/T15706.2. The tool should be accompanied by an instruction manual when it leaves the factory, and its contents should at least include: specifications and requirements of accessories and fittings; maintenance and care instructions; precautions for safe use; noise and vibration data of the tool. 4.2 Materials
The materials used to manufacture the tool shall not have harmful effects on human health. 4.3 Structure
The tool should have a reliable and durable structure to ensure normal operation under different working conditions. The grip of the tool should be convenient for the operator to control the entire tool. The total weight of the tool should not cause excessive fatigue to the operator during normal use. 4.4 Valves
The tool should be equipped with a valve to control the flow of gas. 4.4.1 The valve should be of the following three types: a) manual switch valve;
b) manual pressure valve;
c) lockable manual pressure valve.
4.4.2 The design of the valve should minimize the possibility of dangerous misoperation. 4.4.3 The locking device of the valve should ensure that no additional danger (such as pinching fingers) is generated during use. 4.5 Filter
A filter or other filter device with a mesh size of 20 or more should be installed in the air supply line of the tool. 4.6 Air pipe joint
4.6.1 The connection between the pipe mouth of the air pipe joint and the tool should adopt a tapered pipe thread as much as possible. If other thread structures are used, it should be ensured that there is no air leakage. The strength of the material should be equivalent to that of medium carbon steel. 4.6.2 The structure of the connection between the air pipe joint and the air supply hose should adopt a reliable anti-loosening and anti-leakage structure. 4.6.3 For detachable air pipe joints, there should be a wrench flat or other reliable clamping structure on the joint. 4.7 Protective device
Protective devices (such as protective covers) should be installed on parts that may cause danger during the use of the tool. The protective device shall not hinder the use function of the tool. The design and manufacture of the protective cover shall meet the requirements of GB8196. The protective cover of the pneumatic grinder shall meet the requirements of GB4674. Impact tools should have devices to prevent the working parts from falling off freely, such as the head spring of the air pick. Pneumatic grinders with a grinding wheel diameter of 100mm or more (including 100mm) should have a device to limit the maximum speed, such as a centrifugal automatic speed regulator.
4.8 Tool label
The following parameters should be given on the tool label: a) Maximum allowable air pressure;
b) Maximum allowable operating speed.
The tool label should be firmly fixed on the tool. 4.9 Noise and vibration
The noise of the tool should comply with the provisions of the current national noise limit standards. The noise measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T5898, and the vibration measurement shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T8910.1~8910.3. 4.10 Grinding tools
The design and manufacture of pneumatic grinding tools shall comply with the requirements of GB4674. 160
GB 17957--2000
The design and manufacture of abrasive tools for pneumatic grinding tools shall comply with the requirements of GB2494. 5 Management safety technical requirements
5.1 Selection of tools
Tool sales and users shall sell and purchase products that meet safety technical requirements and have passed inspection. 5.2 Safety operating procedures
Industries or enterprises shall formulate specific safety operating procedures in accordance with the provisions of this standard and the tool manual, production process and objects. 5.3 Safety education and training
Relevant safety education and training shall be conducted for tool management, use and maintenance personnel. 5.4 Accident statistical analysis
Safety management personnel shall investigate, analyze, count and report casualties caused by the use of tools. 5.5 Tool management
Tools shall be managed by dedicated personnel. A system and procedure for the use, inspection and maintenance of tools as well as technical files of tools shall be established. 5.6 Accessories and parts
Accessories and parts that do not meet the design indicators shall not be used. 6 Safety technical requirements for use
6.1 General
All tools should be used within the functions and scope specified in the instruction manual. 6.2 Gas supply system
The pipelines and accessories of the entire gas supply system should have a pressure resistance value greater than 150% of the highest gas pressure in the system, and the pressure resistance value should be greater than 1MPa.
6.2.1 Pressure regulating valve
When the gas supply pressure exceeds the rated operating pressure of the tool, a pressure regulating valve should be used. 6.2.2 Gas supply valve
A valve or remote control switch should be installed on the gas supply pipeline no more than 3m away from the operating position. The valve should be well sealed, flexible to open and close, and there should be no leakage after closing.
6.2.3 Gas supply hose
A hose with an oil-resistant inner surface and a wear-resistant outer surface should be selected, and the hose should be firmly fixed to the joint. 6.2.4 Hose connectors
6.2.4.1 Threaded hose connectors shall be made of carbon steel or materials with equivalent mechanical properties. 6.2.4.2 Connectors used to connect impact tools shall be made of hardened steel or materials with equivalent mechanical properties, and shall be guaranteed to have good impact and vibration resistance.
6.2.4.3 If a quick-change connector is used between the tool or the main air supply pipe and the flexible hose connected to the tool, it should be of the automatic locking type and should meet the following requirements:
a) The quick-change connector should be able to automatically shut off the air circuit when disconnected; b) The quick-change connector should be made of hardened steel or materials with equivalent wear resistance; c) The quick-change connector should be installed on the side of the air source. 6.3 Working parts
When selecting working parts, it should be ensured that the allowed operating speed is greater than or equal to the rated operating speed of the tool, and its specifications and dimensions should be compatible with the tool used.
6.4 Installation and removal of tools
6.4.1 The installation and removal of tools should be carried out in accordance with the procedures recommended by the manufacturer. 161
GB17957—2000
6.4.2 When installing, removing and replacing the working parts of the tool, the air supply valve should be closed to cut off the air supply pipeline. The tool should not be pointed at others or the operator himself during replacement.
6.4.3 The selection and installation of grinding wheels for pneumatic grinders shall comply with the provisions of GB2494. 6.5 Tool Improvement
When partially improving a tool, the original design parameters shall not be changed at will, and the structure and materials used must comply with the requirements of this standard. 6.6 Safety Protection Devices
The original safety protection devices of the tool shall not be removed at will. If additional safety protection devices are added, they shall be used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The safety protection devices shall be kept in good condition. Tools with damaged safety protection devices shall not be used. 6.7 Configuration of Air Supply Pipelines
6.7.1 The configuration of air supply pipelines shall be based on the principle of not affecting the work of the operator and others and ensuring safety. 6.7.2 The air supply hose shall be a whole hose as much as possible, and the joints shall be minimized as much as possible. The joints shall be firm and reliable. 6.7.3 The air supply hose shall be kept away from oil, hot surfaces and chemicals. In harsh use environments, protective measures shall be taken, such as setting additional layers (such as iron sheets), inserting groove plates or other protective structures to prevent the hose from being damaged or broken. 6.8 Oil supply and filtration system
Automatic oil supply and filtration system should be used to reduce tool failure. 6.9 Safe operation
6.9.1When using tools, the safety operation procedures should be strictly followed. 6.9.2During use, the hose should not be bent at sharp angles, twisted, knotted, or heavy objects should not be placed on it. For tools with lifting rings, the hose should not be used to suspend the tool. For small tools without lifting rings, when the air supply hose is used to suspend the tool, it should be hung above the passage or work area. The load strength of the hose and its accessories should not be less than 5 times the weight of the suspended load. 6.9.3When the air pressure exceeds 0.2MPa, the compressed air in the air supply pipeline should not be used to clean the machine and blow dust. 6.9.4When installing or removing the hose, the air pipe should be blown clean to prevent dirt from entering the tool. 6.9.5When the work is finished, the air supply pipeline valve should be closed first, and then the air pipe and tool should be removed. 6.10 Labor protection
6.10.1 In the dangerous working area of tool operation, the adjacent personnel who may be in danger should be isolated and protected, such as installing protective plates, fences or protective screens.
6.10.2 When sparks may be generated during operation, the operator should wear flame-retardant protective clothing. 6.10.3 In situations where there is a possibility of damage to the eyes and face (such as sparks, splashes and dust, etc.), the operator should wear protective glasses or other eye and face protection equipment when working.
6.10.4 In the operator's breathing area, the dust concentration should comply with the provisions of the relevant national dust hygiene standards. In the working area exceeding the standard, ventilation and dust removal measures or individual protection measures should be taken. 6.10.5 The noise in the workplace of pneumatic tools should comply with the provisions of the relevant national workplace noise hygiene standards. For high-noise tools that cause excessive noise, noise reduction measures or personal protective equipment (such as earplugs, earmuffs, etc.) should be taken. 6.10.6 When the vibration intensity during operation exceeds the limit value of GB10434 standard, corresponding protective measures should be taken, such as wearing anti-vibration gloves, reducing the working time or taking rotation working methods.
7 Safety technical requirements for inspection and maintenance
7.1 General
All kinds of tools and their air supply systems should be inspected and maintained regularly. The inspection time and frequency should be determined by the safety management department according to the type of tool, processing object, frequency of use and usage time. 7.2 Inspection procedure
The inspection and maintenance of tools should be the responsibility of designated trained professionals. Inspection and maintenance should be carried out according to the procedures recommended by the tool manufacturer.
7.3 Lubrication
GB17957—2000
Lubricants should be selected according to the manufacturer's recommendations and procedures for lubricating tools. Organic lubricating oils that can cause damage to the gaskets shall not be used in the air supply system of the tool.
7.4 Maintenance after Decommissioning
Tools that are out of service should be coated with anti-rust oil, and the air inlet and other exposed holes should be blocked to prevent dirt from entering the tool. 7.5 Regular Safety Inspection
Safety inspections should be carried out regularly on tools. The specific inspection items are as follows: a) The air hose and the joint should be reliably connected and should not be loose or leaking; the air inlet valve should be well sealed and flexible to open and close, and the entire air path should be sealed without leaking.
b) The air supply pipeline should be in good condition. If there are defects such as wear, aging, corrosion, and local leaks or bulging, they should be replaced immediately. c) Check the protective device. If there are any wear, cracks, bends, etc., they should be replaced in time. d) Check whether the working parts are in good condition. If there are any cracks or defects, they should be replaced immediately. e) Check whether the tool's operating speed and condition are good. Rotary tools should ensure that the tool is in a good balance state when rotating, and impact tools should ensure that their anti-loosening fastening devices are always in good condition. 7.6 Test run after repair
The repaired tool should be tested. The test run should be carried out in a protected closed area at the maximum allowable speed for more than 1 minute. It can only be used after passing the inspection in 7.5. The test air pressure should comply with the provisions of GB/T4974. 7.7 Labels
The labels of the tools should always be kept in a clear state. 7.8 Records
Records of tool maintenance and use should be kept. 7.9 Calibration of testing instruments
The instruments used to check the tool speed and air pressure should be calibrated regularly. 1635 At the end of the work, the valve of the air supply pipeline should be closed first, and then the air pipe and tools should be removed. 6.10 Labor protection
6.10.1 In the dangerous working area of tool operation, the adjacent personnel who may be in danger should be isolated and protected, such as protective plates, fences or protective screens.
6.10.2 When sparks may be generated during operation, the operator should wear flame-retardant protective clothing. 6.10.3 In situations where there is a possibility of damage to the eyes and face (such as sparks, splashes and dust, etc.), the operator should wear protective glasses or other eye and face protection equipment when working.
6.10.4 In the operator's breathing area, the dust concentration should comply with the provisions of the relevant national dust hygiene standards. In the working area that exceeds the standard, ventilation and dust removal measures or individual protection measures should be taken. 6.10.5 The noise in the workplace of pneumatic tools should comply with the provisions of the relevant national workplace noise hygiene standards. For high-noise tools that cause excessive noise, noise reduction measures or personal protective equipment (such as earplugs, earmuffs, etc.) should be taken. 6.10.6 When the vibration intensity during operation exceeds the limit value of GB10434 standard, corresponding protective measures should be taken, such as wearing anti-vibration gloves, reducing the working time or taking rotation working methods.
7 Safety technical requirements for inspection and maintenance
7.1 General
All kinds of tools and their air supply systems should be inspected and maintained regularly. The inspection time and frequency should be determined by the safety management department according to the type of tool, processing object, frequency of use and usage time. 7.2 Inspection procedure
The inspection and maintenance of tools should be the responsibility of designated trained professionals. Inspection and maintenance should be carried out according to the procedures recommended by the tool manufacturer.
7.3 Lubrication
GB17957—2000
Lubricants should be selected according to the manufacturer's recommendations and procedures for lubricating tools. Organic lubricating oils that can cause damage to the gaskets shall not be used in the air supply system of the tool.
7.4 Maintenance after Decommissioning
Tools that are out of service should be coated with anti-rust oil, and the air inlet and other exposed holes should be blocked to prevent dirt from entering the tool. 7.5 Regular Safety Inspection
Safety inspections should be carried out regularly on tools. The specific inspection items are as follows: a) The air hose and the joint should be reliably connected and should not be loose or leaking; the air inlet valve should be well sealed and flexible to open and close, and the entire air path should be sealed without leaking.
b) The air supply pipeline should be in good condition. If there are defects such as wear, aging, corrosion, and local leaks or bulging, they should be replaced immediately. c) Check the protective device. If there are any wear, cracks, bends, etc., they should be replaced in time. d) Check whether the working parts are in good condition. If there are any cracks or defects, they should be replaced immediately. e) Check whether the tool's operating speed and condition are good. Rotary tools should ensure that the tool is in a good balance state when rotating, and impact tools should ensure that their anti-loosening fastening devices are always in good condition. 7.6 Test run after repair
The repaired tool should be tested. The test run should be carried out in a protected closed area at the maximum allowable speed for more than 1 minute. It can only be used after passing the inspection in 7.5. The test air pressure should comply with the provisions of GB/T4974. 7.7 Labels
The labels of the tools should always be kept in a clear state. 7.8 RecordsbzxZ.net
Records of tool maintenance and use should be kept. 7.9 Calibration of testing instruments
The instruments used to check the tool speed and air pressure should be calibrated regularly. 1635 At the end of the work, the valve of the air supply pipeline should be closed first, and then the air pipe and tools should be removed. 6.10 Labor protection
6.10.1 In the dangerous working area of tool operation, the adjacent personnel who may be in danger should be isolated and protected, such as protective plates, fences or protective screens.
6.10.2 When sparks may be generated during operation, the operator should wear flame-retardant protective clothing. 6.10.3 In situations where there is a possibility of damage to the eyes and face (such as sparks, splashes and dust, etc.), the operator should wear protective glasses or other eye and face protection equipment when working.
6.10.4 In the operator's breathing area, the dust concentration should comply with the provisions of the relevant national dust hygiene standards. In the working area that exceeds the standard, ventilation and dust removal measures or individual protection measures should be taken. 6.10.5 The noise in the workplace of pneumatic tools should comply with the provisions of the relevant national workplace noise hygiene standards. For high-noise tools that cause excessive noise, noise reduction measures or personal protective equipment (such as earplugs, earmuffs, etc.) should be taken. 6.10.6 When the vibration intensity during operation exceeds the limit value of GB10434 standard, corresponding protective measures should be taken, such as wearing anti-vibration gloves, reducing the working time or taking rotation working methods.
7 Safety technical requirements for inspection and maintenance
7.1 General
All kinds of tools and their air supply systems should be inspected and maintained regularly. The inspection time and frequency should be determined by the safety management department according to the type of tool, processing object, frequency of use and usage time. 7.2 Inspection procedure
The inspection and maintenance of tools should be the responsibility of designated trained professionals. Inspection and maintenance should be carried out according to the procedures recommended by the tool manufacturer.
7.3 Lubrication
GB17957—2000
Lubricants should be selected according to the manufacturer's recommendations and procedures for lubricating tools. Organic lubricating oils that can cause damage to the gaskets shall not be used in the air supply system of the tool.
7.4 Maintenance after Decommissioning
Tools that are out of service should be coated with anti-rust oil, and the air inlet and other exposed holes should be blocked to prevent dirt from entering the tool. 7.5 Regular Safety Inspection
Safety inspections should be carried out regularly on tools. The specific inspection items are as follows: a) The air hose and the joint should be reliably connected and should not be loose or leaking; the air inlet valve should be well sealed and flexible to open and close, and the entire air path should be sealed without leaking.
b) The air supply pipeline should be in good condition. If there are defects such as wear, aging, corrosion, and local leaks or bulging, they should be replaced immediately. c) Check the protective device. If there are any wear, cracks, bends, etc., they should be replaced in time. d) Check whether the working parts are in good condition. If there are any cracks or defects, they should be replaced immediately. e) Check whether the tool's operating speed and condition are good. Rotary tools should ensure that the tool is in a good balance state when rotating, and impact tools should ensure that their anti-loosening fastening devices are always in good condition. 7.6 Test run after repair
The repaired tool should be tested. The test run should be carried out in a protected closed area at the maximum allowable speed for more than 1 minute. It can only be used after passing the inspection in 7.5. The test air pressure should comply with the provisions of GB/T4974. 7.7 Labels
The labels of the tools should always be kept in a clear state. 7.8 Records
Records of tool maintenance and use should be kept. 7.9 Calibration of testing instruments
The instruments used to check the tool speed and air pressure should be calibrated regularly. 163
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