This standard specifies the general criteria for photographing documents on 16mm and 35mm silver-gelatin microfilm. This standard applies to photographing with flat-bed and rotary cameras. GB/T 16573-1996 Microfilming technology Operating procedures for photographing documents on 16mm and 35mm silver-gelatin microfilm GB/T16573-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the general criteria for photographing documents on 16mm and 35mm silver-gelatin microfilm. This standard applies to photographing with flat-bed and rotary cameras.

GB/T165731996
This standard is formulated based on the international standard [S06199:1991, and is equivalent to [S06199:1991 in terms of technical content. In the specific writing, some contents suitable for my country's situation but not applicable to international use are added, such as a more detailed description of the shooting procedure in Chapter 5; the merging of Chapter 8 and Chapter 10 in the international standard; and the organization of the contents of Appendix A, etc., all of which are for the purpose of enhancing operability. Based on the various types of documents to be photographed, including Western documents, this standard retains Appendix C and Appendix D in the international standard that are applicable to Western characters but not to Chinese characters. Appendices A, B, C and [of this standard are all appendices to the standard. This standard is proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Microfilming Technology. This standard was drafted by the National Microfilm Technology Standardization Technical Committee. The ten main drafters of this standard are Wu Zhuqing, Zeng Haisheng, Ji Siben, Li Enxue, Su Zhaoying. GB/T16573—1996
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide association of national standardization groups of its member units. The formulation of international standards is usually undertaken by the technical committees of ISO. Each member unit interested in the subject established by the technical committee has the right to occupy a seat at the meeting of the technical committee. Some governmental and non-governmental international organizations can also contact ISO to join the standardization work. ISO has a close relationship with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters related to electrical standardization. The draft international standard adopted by the small technical committee is sent to all member units for voting. It can be published as an international standard only if it obtains at least 75% of the votes in favor. The international standard ISO6199 "Microfilm and optical storage devices for document and image recording, storage and application" was prepared by the technical committee. The appendices A, B, C, I) and E in this standard are for reference. GB/T 16573-1996 This national standard specifies the process steps for making microfilms that meet the standard specifications in appearance and quality from various documents. Operators can make clear microfilms according to these requirements. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Micrographics—
Microfilming of documents on 16 mm and 35 mmsilver-gelatin type microfilm-operating proceduresCB/T 16573-1996
eqv1s06199.1991
This standard specifies the general principles for photographing documents on 16 mm and 35 mmsilver-gelatin type microfilm1. This standard applies to photographing documents on flatbed and rotary microfilm machines. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards shall constitute the provisions of this standard by reference. At the time of publication of this standard, the versions shown are valid. These standards are subject to revision. Parties using this standard should consider the possible consequences of using the latest versions of the following standards. G6159.1-85 Microfilming Technology: Part 1 General Terminology G6159.2-85 Microfilming Technology: Part 2 Materials and Packaging GB6160-85 Microfilming Technology: Density of Silver-Gelatin Microfilm GB6161-85 Microfilming Technology: Characteristics of Test Chart No. 2 and Its Application in Microfilming (13/7516-1996 Microfilming Technology: Graphic Symbols GB751987 Microfilming Technology: Determination of Thiosulfate Residue in Microfilm after Developing: Methylene Blue Photometric Method GB8987-88 Microfilming Technology: Test Plate for Testing Optical Density of Negative Images in Microfilming GB8188-88 Microfilming Technology: Preparation of Microfilming Quality Test Plate for Inspection of Technical Drawings (G8590-88 Microfilming Technology: Test Plate for \ Inspection of Technical Drawings\ Microfilming Quality Test Plate" GB/T12355-1990 Microphotography Technology Image Microfilm Connection GB/T12356-1990 Microfilm Technology 16m Parallel Microfilm Test Plate Characteristics and Use (GR/T15021-94 Microfilm Technology 35mm Roll Film Photography Technical Specifications (R/T15737-1995 Microfilm Technology Key Microfilm Development and Storage 3 Preparation of Originals 3.1 Preparations to be made before filming See A. 3.2 Arrangement of documents and production of plates 4 Filming conditions 4.1 Films used for microfilming 4.2 Microfilming should use a safe film base, high resolution, and medium and high quality silver gelatin microfilm 4.2 Reduction rate State Technical Supervision Bureau 1 996-1 0-23 Approved for implementation on 1997-05-01
GB/T16573—1996
The reduction ratio should be determined based on the size of the original being photographed, the size of the characters, the quality of the original, and the quality of the camera/film system. The choice of reduction ratio should ensure that the image of the issued copy is clear and readable whether it is projected on the reader screen or made into a paper print. 4.3 Frame size and image arrangement
4.3.1 Frame size
The dimensions of the frame area on the film are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Dimensions of specified frame areas on imperforate film (see Figure 1) Size
*Applicable to all formats except single-line. 4.3.2 Image arrangementbzxz.net
16 mm film
35 mm Film
The size of the film and the arrangement of the documents on the film should be determined according to the reduction ratio appropriate to the original and the required quality. The commonly used arrangement of images on microfilm is shown in Figure 1. The images should be recorded as horizontally as possible (such as the positioning of 1B and 2B in the single-line format in Figure 1). If this arrangement is not possible, the arrangement should be arranged in accordance with other arrangements shown in Figure 1. For images taken in the double-line format, the preferred arrangement is shown in Figure 1 for double-line, reciprocating and double-line reciprocating formats. 4.4 Maximum size of originals
The maximum height or maximum width of the original that can be recorded within the effective width of film without codes and index marks (Table 1 and Figure 1) and film with reduction codes or index marks (Figure 2) depends on the arrangement of images on the film, the reduction ratio and the type of camera used (rotary or table).
4.4.1 The length of the side of the single-line original used in a rotary camera parallel to the length of the film can be any length. Table 2 lists the two most commonly used reduction ratios for 16mI rotary cameras shooting single-line films without coding or indexing marks. If the original size is close to the recordable size, a higher reduction ratio should be used to avoid possible image loss due to original skew during shooting. The size of the original is limited by the width of the feeder entrance. Table 2 16mm rotary microfilm camera - nominal ratio
1 : 24
Maximum size of single-line documents for films without coding or retrieval marks perpendicular to the film edge 298
1 In the double-line format, the arrangement of the row (front) image is determined by the orientation of the original text on the original, and the arrangement of the corresponding row (back) image is determined by the image of the above row.
2 The double-line reciprocating format is mainly used in the banking industry.
GB/T 16573
Single-line format
Single-line format (except for documents written vertically from right to left) a
Single-line format (recommended orientation for documents written horizontally from right to left>1
Front and back of the first original
The first (or last) original
Front and back of the first original
Double-line
Reciprocating
Double-line reciprocating
→Upward order
Upward (or downward) order
Upward (or downward order
Reel microfilm image arrangement
GB/16573--1996
Reserved channel for coding and marking
Color area
Image area
Light spot mark format
2.16mm/m
Image area
Reserved channel for light spot mark
Figure 2 shows the channel and light spot format provided for light spot mark 4.4.2 Single-line platform camera Single-line platform camera is a general-purpose platform camera with various reduction ratios and film feed rates. Table 3 lists the maximum dimensions of documents at different reduction ratios. For cameras with fixed film feed rates, the dimensions are shown in Table 4. For shooting technical drawings, see GB/T15021. Due to the error of the optical position, the actual size of the original should be smaller than the given size. Put a 35mm film strip containing 3 frames into an A6 envelope. The maximum film feed should be 47.5mm. Table 3 The maximum size of documents that can be photographed by a flat-bed roll-film camera with adjustable film volume at different reduction ratios Approximate standard field size (there are certain changes) Nominal reduction ratio
1 t 24
1:30
16 rntn Film window size of optical camera 38.00
35m Film window size of optical camera
Customer reduction ratio
1 + 32
GB/T 16573
Table 3 (end)
Approximate maximum field of view dimensions (allowing for 3 s of variation)16 mm long-perforated film camera window dimensions
35 mm non-perforated film camera window dimensions
Table 1 Shooting position dimensions for flat-bed reel cameras with fixed film feed (see Figure 3)351 Microfilm
Area of ​​view (azxb.)
Image area ()
Frame length)
32 8245 :
30. 4x41. t(mux)
Figure 3 Image m (a:xb), image area (ux) and return distance () 4.4.3 Single-line coding
Single-line can be used to shoot light spot holes or optical codes along the edge of the film. Semi-table and rotary cameras shoot coded films at a fixed reduction ratio. The manufacturer of the camera gives the maximum size of the document that the camera can shoot. There is positioning error, and the actual size of the document should be smaller than the given size. 4.4.4 Double-line and reciprocating cameras used in rotary machines are only used for double-line and reciprocating cameras. The table lists the most commonly used reduction ratios when using double-line and reciprocating cameras and the maximum size of the document corresponding to the reduction ratio. Because there will be errors in the positioning and transportation of documents, the documents should be kept as small as possible to be less than the maximum value. 516mm rotary microfilm camera is used on non-coded film F to shoot nominal reduction in double-line and reciprocating mode
1: 32
4. 4.5 Two-line reciprocating images
Maximum height or width of the document
Two-line reciprocating images should be arranged in the manner shown in Figure 1. The dimensions are shown in Table 1. 5 Shooting procedures
5.1 Setting of sections on the film
Each film is divided into the header, the pre-text logo area, the text area, and the post-text logo area. tntm
5.1.1 Header and film strip
G/T 165731996
At the beginning and end of each film reel, a blank film of no less than 700mm should be left as a guard and guide. 5.1.2 Text Preface Marking Area
The text preface marking area should include the "reel start" graphic symbol plate, the film reel number of this reel (can be directly read), the test mark plate, the certificate mark plate, the identification mark plate, the catalog mark plate, etc.
5. 1. 3 Text Area
Photograph the documents in sequence.
5.1.4 Text Postmarking Area
The text postmarking area should include the catalog mark plate, the identification mark plate, the consumable certificate mark plate, the test mark plate, the film reel number of this reel (can be directly read), the "reel end" graphic symbol plate, etc.
5.2 Continuation
If it is necessary to use multiple reels of film to shoot a complete set of continuous documents, the first image before the "end of reel" mark on each reel should be photographed with the "turn to next reel" graphic symbol mark, and the first image after the "start of reel" mark on each subsequent reel should be photographed with the "connect to previous reel" graphic symbol mark.
5.3 Reshooting
5.3.1 The reduction ratio of the reshoot image must be consistent with that of the original image. 5.3.2 When it is not allowed to splice between reels, the film should be spliced ​​before the "Start of Reel" symbol on the current reel. 5.3.3 When splicing before the "Start of Reel" symbol on the current reel, the reshooting should be carried out in the following order: a) The reshooting film should have a title:
b) Shoot the "Start of Reel" graphic symbol: c) Shoot the instruction label for reshooting;
d) Shoot the label described in Item 7.3;
e) Shoot the documents to be reshot;
f) Shoot the instruction label for ending reshooting.
5.4 Splicing
For films with triacetate base, it is generally recommended to use the hot melt splicing method; for films with polyester base, it is recommended to use the ultrasonic splicing method. If adhesives are used for splicing, the adhesive must not contain chemicals that are harmful to the long-term preservation of the film. Cellulose tape and pressure-sensitive tape shall not be used for splicing, unless the composition of the adhesive does not damage the long-term preservation of the film and the adhesive will not overflow from the seams. The number of splices should be as small as possible (no more than five), and H splicing should be performed on the master film before making copies. For the splicing method of film with images, see GB/T12355. 6 Shooting sequence
The shooting sequence is shown in Figure 4.
7 Labels
7.1 "Start of Reel" Graphic Symbol Label
The "Start of Reel" graphic symbol label should contain the symbols specified in GB7516. 7.2 Reel Number Label
The number on the label should be readable directly on the film. 7.3 Test Label
The necessary test label should include the following: a) A visually distinguishable digital reduction card;
b) For semi-table cameras, place a 1S02 continental chart (1GB6167) in the middle and four corners of its field of view. For rotary cameras GB/T 165731996
camera, the test chart should be placed in the middle and on the left and right sides of the document passing through the camera, and the direction of a test chart should be consistent. c) Matt reflectivity gray board, see GB8990. For the standard board of the platform camera, see GB8987, GB8988.13/T12356. d) Place 10 cm A long ruler.
“Start of film change” plate
“Connect upper plate” plate
plate number plate
test plate
exempt plate
identification plate
recording plate
drop-recording plate
identification plate
voucher plate
test plate
plate number plate
“turn lower plate” plate
“film winding end” plate
Figure 1 Shooting order
7.4 Voucher plate
The voucher plate includes the official approval document for photographing this document, the signature of the approver and other contents. 7.5 Identification plate
This plate includes the original collection unit, copyright, shooting reduction ratio, shooting time, shooting unit and other contents that need to be identified. 7.6 Catalog plate
This plate is used on microfilms made for libraries or archives. It should include the catalog information of the photographed document. 7.7 Graphic number and plate
|During the process of photographing documents, graphic symbols and labels should be used when necessary. See GB7516.7.8 "End of roll" graphic symbol label
*End of roll\The label should contain the graphic symbols specified in GB7516. 7.9 Continuation label
See Figure 5 for the continuation graphic symbol.
B. Processing process
8.1 Methods and steps
GB/T165731996
Turn down the plate
Figure 5 Continuation graphic Symbol
Full attention should be paid to the hazards in microfilm processing facilities. The methods and procedures used for film processing and storage should comply with GB/T15737-1995, 8.2 Winding method
The developed film should be wound on the film reel in the manner shown in Figure 6. When viewing the film, the image of the letter "F" should be displayed in the direction shown in the figure (normal reading, not mirrored). In special cases (documents written vertically from right to left and documents written horizontally from right to left), the developed single-line film should be wound in the manner shown in Figure 6. In contrast to the above, the font orientation of the document written from right to left is as follows: a) Wrapped on a reversible film with two square holes and a reference mark b) Wrapped on a reversible film island Figure 6 Illustration of a film wrapped on a film reel 9 Quality inspection and verification 9.1 After the film is developed and finalized, the microfilm and the original document should be verified and compared immediately. 9.2 Immediately conduct a quality inspection on the developed microfilm. 9.2.1 There should be no traces of contamination such as scratches, fingerprints, water stains, stains, and liquid medicine on the original film 9.2.2 The visual density value of the first-generation silver gelatin microfilm should meet the requirements of GB6760: 9.2.3 The minimum resolution requirements for tabletop cameras are shown in Table 6. Light
Written from right to left
Document space orientation
Nominal reduction ratio
GB/T 16573-1996
Table 6 Minimum resolution requirements for tabletop cameras at various reduction ratios No. 1 Test character size
Reduction ratio range
+*11--1: 11
1 14--1: [7
1 + 17-~1 + 20
1 1 20-~1 : 23
1 : 23~1 : 28
1: 28-~1: 33
1 : 33~~1 : 38
1 + 38-~1 : 44
1 + 4-1 -1 : 52
Second generation
Release copy!
9.2.4 The residue of thiosulfate on the original negative shall conform to the requirements of (37519: 10 Release copy
No. 2 test pattern marking digital
First generation
Second generation
Release copy
The "first generation" microform (original negative) shall not be used as a working or release print, nor shall it be used for reading, or for carrying the second generation or later.
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