Some standard content:
Light Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical terms for machineries and testing apparatus used in tanning industry1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the terms for machineries and testing apparatus used in tanning industry, auxiliary machineries and testing apparatus used in tanning industry. This standard applies to the tanning industry and leather machinery manufacturing industry, and other industries may also refer to it for implementation. 2 Terms
2.1 Tanning machinery and equipment
2.1.1 Drum
QB/T 1521--1992
In the process of tanning technology, it is a general term for rotating drum-shaped equipment used for soaking, washing, softening, lime spreading, deliming, softening, pickling, making, neutralizing, dyeing, filling, oiling (grease), raising and other processing operations of raw hides, bare hides and finished products. Raw hides, bare hides, finished products and bath liquid are fully stirred and rolled in the drum body of the equipment to accelerate the processing process. Any drum equipped with a "semi-automatic drum control device" is called a semi-automatic drum, and any drum equipped with a "fully automatic drum control device" is called a fully automatic drum. 2.1.1.1 Universal drum, conventional drum The body is in the shape of a round cylinder, supported and rotated horizontally, with convex piles or baffles installed on the inner surface of the drum side wall (plate), and a drum door for loading and unloading is opened on the drum wall. It is divided into three types: ordinary, semi-automatic ordinary, and fully automatic ordinary drums. 2. 1.1.2 Inclined hide processor The drum body is in the shape of a round cylinder in the middle and a cone shape at both ends, supported and rotated at an angle. A spiral porous partition is installed on the inner side of the drum wall, and loading and unloading is carried out through the small opening of the end cone. It is divided into three types: ordinary, semi-automatic, and fully automatic inclined drums. 2.1.1. 3-divided drum Y-shape perforated dipping drum The drum body is divided into single-layer and double-layer. The double-layer drum body is divided into inner drum and outer drum. The inner drum rotates and the outer drum is fixed or rotates. The single-layer drum body or the double-layer porous inner drum is divided into 3 to 6 compartments by porous partitions. Each compartment stores the finished product, and the outer drum stores the bath liquid (the single-layer drum body also stores the bath liquid). There are three types of divided drums: ordinary, semi-automatic, and fully automatic. 2.1.2 Flaying machine for pig skin Equipment that separates the pig skin from the body.
2.1.2.1 Plate flaying machine for pig skin The cut part of the pre-peeled pig skin is clamped on the conveyor, and the pig skin is peeled off from the body when it passes through the fixed blade. 2. 1. 2. 2 Rolling flaying machine for pig skin The groove of the rotating roller clamps the pre-peeled pig skin and separates the pig skin from the body through the vibrating blade fixed on the knife holder. It consists of a frame, rollers, an adjustable knife holder and a transmission device. The cut of the pre-peeled pig skin is clamped by the roller, and the peeling effect is produced as the roller rotates. 2.1.2.2.1 Vertical rolling flaying machine for pig skin The roller is installed on an inclined vertical frame. When the roller rotates, the non-vibrating blade moves along the arc section to produce a peeling effect. 2.1.2.2.2 Horizontal flaying machine for pig skinThe rotating drum is installed on a horizontal frame. When the pre-flaked pig skin clamped by the drum passes through the vibrating blade fixed on the knife frame, a flaying effect is produced.
QB/T1521-1992
2.1.3 Bristle plucking machinefor pig skinA machine for plucking the hair of pigs.
2.1.4 Hair plucking machine for pig skinA machine for plucking the hair (short hair) on various parts of the pig skin. 2.1.4.1 Simple hair plucking machine for pig skinMechanical transmission, the pig hair is clamped by two reverse rotating hair clips, so that the pig hair is pulled out of the pig skin. 2.1.4.2 Throughfeed hair plucking nachine for pig skin Its structure consists of feeding, plucking and pig hair sorting devices. The hair on the pig skin is rubbed off by the speed difference between the two plucking rollers, and the plucking operation is completed in one go.
2.1.5 Painting machine for paste A machine that brushes or sprays the hair removal paste on the grain surface or meat surface of the raw hide to loosen the epidermis and hair roots. 2.1.6 Unhiring machine
A machine that uses mechanical pushing method to remove large hair on the surface of raw hide treated with the hair removal paste. 2.1.7 Scudding machine
A machine that uses rotating blades to remove small hair, dirt and other dirt on the grain surface of the leather. 2. 1.7. 1 Cylinder (rotating, or rotary) scudding machine The working mechanism consists of a knife roller, a feeding rubber roller, a pair of conveying rubber rollers (upper) and a straight grooved roller (lower) (a small machine only has a knife roller and a feeding rubber roller).
2. 1.7.2 Drum scudding machine The knife roller is short and large, in the shape of a drum, and the feeding roller is combined with the feeding roller. The feeding mechanism consists of an elastic belt with both ends fixed and a pressure roller. One end of the belt can be raised and lowered. It rises when working and falls when not working. 2. 1. 8 Contorting flesh kicker A machine that scrapes and stretches the soft part or the part that has not been fully softened of the water-soaked raw hide (usually large and thick raw hide) to loosen the raw hide fibers. 2.1.9 Fleshing machine, flesher A machine that scrapes off the floating flesh, grease and subcutaneous fibrous layer on the flesh surface of raw hides or bare hides. 2.1.9.1 Fleshing machine, flesher The working mechanism consists of a knife roll, a feeding rubber roll or an inflatable roll (air cushion), a conveying groove roller or an armored roller (one or two on the top), and a conveying rubber roller (sometimes combined with the feeding rubber roll, at the bottom) (small machines only have a knife roll and a feeding rubber roller). 2.1.9.7.1 Fleshing machine The movements of all moving components are realized by mechanical transmission. 2.1.9.1.2 Hydraulic fleshing machine The main movements of the feed roll such as rotation and opening and closing are realized by hydraulic transmission. 2.1.9.2 Through feed fleshing machine The fleshing operation is completed at once after the hides enter the machine. There are two types of fleshing machines: through feed mechanical and through feed hydraulic. 2.1.10 Splitting machine A machine that splits various raw hides, bare hides, wet leather or dry leather into upper and lower layers. It can also be used to split recycled leather, plastic sheets, synthetic leather, rubber and other materials.
2.1.10.1 Splitting machine The movements of all transmission components are realized by mechanical transmission. 2.1.10.2 Hydraulic splitting machine The main movements such as feeder rotation, belt knife tensioning, crossbeam lifting and adjustment are realized by hydraulic transmission or control. 4
QB/T1521.1992
2.1.17 Througa feed dryer Equipment used for dyeing bad leather, its structure mainly includes conveying device, dyeing tank, heating device and cleaning system. 2.1.12 Samming machine, wringing machine A machine that removes part of the water in wet leather by squeezing. 2.1.12.1 Wringing machine, samming nachine Wet leather is squeezed by mechanical pressure and must be squeezed through two feedings. 2.1.12.1.1 Cylinder sammin machine,Cylinder wringing machine Wet leather is partially dehydrated by the squeezing action of two rotating squeezing rollers. 2, 1. 12. 1. 2 Blade cylinder wringing machine, blade cylinder ssmming machine Wet leather is partially dehydrated by the squeezing action of the knife roller and the upper and lower opposite squeezing rollers. 2.1.72.2 Through feed samming machine Wet leather is dehydrated by the squeezing action of the rotating rollers without returning to the surface. It is divided into through feed roller samming machine and through feed knife samming machine.
2. 1. 12.3 Combined samming and setting-out machine The working structure of the machine includes blunt knife rollers, feeding rubber rollers and extrusion felt rollers (some are one extrusion felt roller and one extrusion rubber roller). In the leather making process, in addition to removing part of the moisture by the squeezing action of the knife roller and the squeezing roller, the leather is also stretched and expanded due to the action of the two-way spiral blade of the knife roller.
2.1.13 Drying equipment dryer, arying machine Equipment that uses heat energy to remove excess moisture or solvent from leather. 2. 1. 13. 1 Paste dryer, hot-plate dryer Wet leather is directly pasted on a heated metal plate for drying or wet leather is pasted on a glass plate and sent to a drying room for drying. 2. 1. 13.2 Tosgling dryer Leather is stretched on a metal perforated plate or a stretching frame and placed in a drying room (cabinet) to avoid hot air for drying. 2.1.13.2.1 Frame togging dryer Wet leather is stretched on a metal perforated plate with a belt and sent to a drying cabinet for drying. 2.1.13.2.2 Chain-type stretching dryer Chain-type stretching dryer uses chain transmission, mechanical stretching and expansion, and the condensed leather is sent to the drying room for drying. The drying temperature and time are both acceptable. 2.1.13.2.3 Automatic toggling dryer Computer-controlled clamps automatically clamp wet leather laid on a metal frame plate, automatically stretch and expand the leather with a pre-adjusted force, and automatically remove the clamps after drying. Its expansion force, drying temperature, time, etc. can be adjusted. 2.1.13.3 Tunnel dryer, cana drying machine Wet leather is laid or hung on a conveyor and sent to the heating area in the tunnel to dry. 2.1.13.3.1 Tunnel hanging dryer Wet leather is hung on a conveyor or rack and sent to a drying room with steam or other heat sources to dry. 2.1.13. 3.2 Low temperature continuous drying machine uses low temperature to dry wet leather in the tunnel. Its main structure consists of a conveyor hanging leather device, a heating tunnel and a heat pump. 2.1.13.3.3 Tunnel dryer
Wet leather laid flat on a conveyor belt is dried through a heated tunnel. 2.1.13.4 Vacuum dryer Wet leather is placed on a hot metal plate, so that part of the moisture in the wet leather evaporates under vacuum and the water vapor is discharged to dry it. 2.1.13.4.1 Covering elevator vacuum dryer The work surface is single or multi-table, and the cover is lifted vertically. 2.1.13.4.2 Covering horizontally movable vacuum dryer The work surface is single or double-table, and the cover is movable horizontally. 2.1.13.5 High frequency dryer Wet leather is placed between two electrodes of a high-frequency electric field, and the moisture in the leather is heated and evaporated by changing the polarity of the electrodes to dry the leather. Suitable for processing thick leather that is difficult to dry.
2.1.13.6 Infrared dryer Infrared dryer uses the heat energy of infrared radiation to vaporize the moisture in the leather or the solvent in the leather surface finishing agent, and then uses air to carry away the water vapor to dry the leather. 2.1.13.7 Microwave dryer Wet leather is laid on a conveyor and sent into a closed microwave heating drying chamber to evaporate the moisture or solvent and dry it. 2. 1. 14 Samming machine, wetting back machine A machine that uses spraying and other methods to make the dried leather get appropriate moisture, so that the humidity of the whole leather is uniform and the leather body is soft. 2.1.15 Shaving machine
A machine used for shaving bare leather, wet leather or semi-dry leather to make the leather thickness uniform. 2.1.15.1 Shaving machine The movement of all moving components of the machine is realized by mechanical transmission. 2.1.15,2 Hydraulic shaving machine The main actions such as the rotation and opening and closing of the feed roller and the adjustment of the shaving thickness are all hydraulically driven or hydraulically controlled. 2.1.16 Whitening machine A machine used to shave off the hard grain layer or damaged grain surface of leather, or used for dry shaving of leather to make it have fine fluff and improve the appearance quality, with a dust suction device.
2.1.17 Oiling machine, greasing machine A machine that applies grease to the finished product to soften the leather fibers. It is divided into single-sided oiling machine and double-sided oiling machine. 2.1.18 Setting-out machine, putting-out machine A machine that uses the mechanical expansion effect of the bidirectional spiral blunt blade embedded in the rotating knife roller to make the leather grain surface flat and smooth. 2.1.18.1 Cylinder setting-out machine The feed roller and the flattening roller are long rollers, mainly used for flattening light leather. 2.1.18.2 Drum setting-out machine The feed roller is drum-shaped (the knife drum of the short knife drum machine can move left and right) and is used for flattening heavy leather. It can also be used for flattening leather, neck and shoulder leather, etc. 2.1.18.3 Setting-out machine with heated cylinder The upper feed roller is a heated roller. The leather to be flattened passes through the ironing action of the feed roller and the lower support roller. In addition to making the leather flat and smooth, it also has a certain drying effect. It is suitable for light leather. 2.1.18.4 Cylinder ironing and setting-out machine The lower feed (support) roller is a heated roller. The leather is flattened, calendered and ironed by the relative movement of the rotating heated roller, the upper pressure roller and the knife roller, and the leather surface is bright and flat.
2.1.18.5 Setting-out machine without toggles The leather is placed directly between the upper and lower rubber plates. Under the action of vacuum and hydraulic pressure, the leather is stretched in all directions and flattened. 2.1.19 Buffing machine, buffer Equipment used to grind the inner side of bad leather to raise the nap, grind the outer side to eliminate grain defects and injuries, or raise the nap of the leather surface. 2. 1.19.1 Buffing machine, buffer Mechanical transmission, the leather is ground by the grinding roller wrapped with abrasive cloth (sandpaper) to eliminate grain defects and injuries or raise the nap. 2.1.19.2 Through feed buffing machine After the bad leather enters the machine, it does not need to return. One grinding can achieve the purpose of eliminating grain defects and injuries or raising the nap. 2. 1.19.2.1 Through feed buffing machine The movement of all transmission components of through feed buffing machine is realized by mechanical transmission. 6
QB/T1521~-1992
2. 1. 19. 2.2 Buffing and airblast dust removal machine A machine that combines a through-type leather buffing machine (main machine) and an air blast dust removal machine to perform leather buffing and dust removal operations on the leather ring. 2.1.19.3 Wet buffing machine Wet buffing machine Wet buffing machine is a machine that uses a grinding roller with spiral grooves made of abrasives to grind the leather to the inside, outside or nap. 2.1.20 Dust exhauster A machine that removes grinding chips, broken sand and dust attached to the leather surface. 2.1. 20. 1 Brush dust machine A machine that uses two brushes rotating in opposite directions to brush the leather surface, and then uses a blast (suction) device to suck away and collect the grinding chips. 2.1. 20.2 Airblast dust removal machine An air jet is used to blow up leather dust and other dust from one or both sides of the leather, and then suck away and collect the dust. It is divided into single-sided dust removal and double-sided dust removal.
2.1.20.3 Handwork spraying dust trap A machine that uses a water curtain to absorb or dissolve the harmful dust mist generated during handwork spraying to prevent it from being discharged and causing pollution. 2.1.21 Staking machine A machine that eliminates defects such as fiber bonding, stiffness, and twisting formed during the drying process of light leather, loosens the leather fibers, and makes the leather soft and stretchable. 2.1.21.1 Vertical staking machine.,yertical staking machine The leather is subjected to the bending and rubbing of the upper and lower rubber rollers and the scraper, and the stretching of the knife roller to loosen the leather fibers. 2.1.21.2 Universal vertical staking machine Its working roller is equipped with a softening knife, leather grinding sandpaper (or sand block), and a wool belt, and has multiple functions such as softening, leather grinding, dust removal, and stretching. 2.1.21.3 Vibration staking machine The leather is subjected to bending and rubbing under the repeated bite and top extension of the stretching mechanism composed of oscillating and fixed two tooth (hole) plates, thereby loosening the leather fibers. There are two types: conveyor belt type and non-conveyor belt type. 2.1.21.4 Cylinder staking machine Leather is softened and flattened by the scraping action of the softening knife roller and the flattening knife roller. 2.1.21.5 Staking machine, jaw-like arm staking machine Leather is clamped by the pulling roller and scraper on the upper and lower pulling arms of the staking head and then repeatedly bent and scraped to loosen the leather fibers. There are two types: platform type and inclined platform type.
2.1.22 Perching machine Leather is loosened by the scraping action of a scraper or a rotating scraper. 2.1.22.1 Free wheel perching machine Leather is loosened by the scraping action of a scraper installed on a flywheel. 2.1.22.2 Cylinder perching machine Leather is loosened by the scraping action of scrapers installed on rollers in a staggered arrangement. 2.1.23 Boarding and sorting machine A machine that loosens the fur fibers under the action of a board. 2.1.24 Seasoning machine. Padding machine, coating machine A machine that peels, coats, and sprays finishing agents, brighteners, fixatives, fillers, etc. on the surface of light leather. 2.1.24.1 Spraying and drying machine A machine that sprays finishing agents, etc. on the surface of light leather with a spray gun. Its structure consists of a spray chamber equipped with a spray gun rotator (or reciprocating device), a feeding conveyor belt, and a drying device.
2.1.24.1.1 Mechanical reciprocating spraying and drying machine A spray gun sprays the leather with a mechanical reciprocating motion. 2.1.24.1.2 Ultrasonic controlled spraying and drying machineQB/T1521-1992
The opening and closing of the spray gun is controlled by ultrasound. Each spray gun is equipped with an ultrasonic transmission and receiving control system. When the leather reaches the bottom of the spray gun, the receiving system converts the received signal into an electrical signal, opens the spray gun for spraying, and realizes automatic control of spraying with leather and not spraying without leather by rotating circular motion.
2. 1. 24. 1. 3 Computer controlled spraying and drying machineThe opening and closing of the spray gun is controlled by a computer. When the leather enters the spray room, the sampling device converts the shape of the leather into an electrical signal and sends it to the main engine of the spray control instrument. The main engine processes its signal and controls the opening and closing of the spray gun, realizing automatic control of spraying with leather and not spraying without leather by rotating circular or linear reciprocating motion.
2.1.24.2 Curtain coating machine uses pressure flow method or overflow method to make the coating agent form a thin and uniform curtain on the curtain forming device and pour it on the surface of light leather. It can be divided into pressure flow type and overflow type curtain coating machine.
2.1.24.3 Brushing machine Krushing machine applies the coating agent to the surface of leather by brushing.
2.1.24.4 Roller printing coating machine. Continuous rotary coating machine applies the coating agent or resin filler etc. to the surface of light leather through a rotating printing roller with grooves (patterns). It is especially suitable for surface finishing or filling of split leather etc.
2.1.24.4.1 Single roller printing coating machine continuous rotary coating machine with one cylinder The printing mechanism is equipped with a printing roller.
2. 1. 24. 4.2 Double-roller printing and coating machine continuous rotary coating machine with two cylinders The printing mechanism is equipped with two printing rollers, each engraved with different types or different depths of patterns, and the two prying can be switched to each other for printing and coating. 2. 1. 24. 4.3 Three-roller printing and coating machine continuous rotary coating machine with three cylinters The printing mechanism is equipped with three printing rollers, each engraved with different types or different depths of patterns, and the three rollers can be switched to each other for printing and coating. 2.1,24.5 Roller printing and coating drying machine continuous rotary coating machine can complete the printing and drying operations at the same time. The main machine is the printing machine, and the auxiliary machine is the drying machine. It can be divided into three types: three-roller printing and coating drying machine, double cylinder and single roller printing and coating drying machine. 2.1.25 Glazing mackuine, glazing jack A machine used to finish the leather surface, make it shiny, increase the beauty of the leather surface and tighten the fibers. 2.1.25.1 Pendulum jigger sole leather roller is used for polishing heavy leather, and the polishing roller reciprocates like a pendulum. 2.1.25.2 Glazing machime is used for polishing light leather (grain leather), and the polishing roller's motion trajectory is a closed curve (the working part is approximately a straight line). The sliding friction between the polishing roller and the leather surface makes the leather surface shiny and beautiful.
2.1.26 Universal polishing machine universal polishing machine + universal polisner A machine used for polishing and flattening grain leather during the finishing process, to modify the grain surface and cover up scratches. Generally, it is equipped with polishing rollers, flannel rollers, leather grinding rollers, etc., and different types of rollers can be used to perform different process steps such as polishing and leather grinding. 2.1.27 Morizontal sole leather roller A machine that rolls the sole leather with a roller to compact its fibers and make its surface smooth and flat. 2.1.28 Ironing machine
A machine that uses a heated roller or flat plate to iron the light leather after coating to make the leather surface smooth and flat, and to make the leather fibers dense and the coating film more water-resistant.
2.1.28.1 Rotary ironing machine,continuons ironing machine, rotary press Under the ironing action of the upper (heating roller) and lower (or front and back) two rotating rollers, the leather surface is smooth and flat. 2. 1. 28.2 Ironing press, platen press, piating machine Utilize the ironing action of the upper (heating plate) and lower two flat plates to make the leather surface smooth and flat. QB/T1521—1992
2.1.29 Embossing machine, embosser A machine used to emboss the surface of finished leather to give the leather various beautiful artificial grains and patterns. 2.1.29.1 Cylinder embossing machine Under the ironing action of the rotating hot roller with patterns and the lower pressing roller, the leather surface presents patterns. 2.1.29.2 Plate embossing machine, plate embosser The leather surface is patterned by the ironing action of the upper heated plate and the lower pressing plate. 2.1.30 Ironing-embossing machine A machine that can be used for both ironing and embossing. 2.1.30.1 Cylinder ironing-embossing machine A conversion device is equipped with two or four unequal ironing rollers and embossing cylinders, which can be converted to each other for ironing or embossing of several patterns.
2.1.30.1.1 Ironing-embossing machine with double cylinders The conversion device is equipped with two ironing rollers or rollers with different patterns. 2.1. 30. 1. 2 Multi-roller ironing and embossing machine with changable cylinders The conversion device is equipped with multiple ironing rollers or embossing rollers with different patterns. 2.1.30.2 Plate ironing and embossing machine The upper plate (ironing plate or embossing plate) and the lower plate (embossing plate) are used to make the leather surface flat or present patterns. 2.1.30.2.1 Single-station plate ironing and embossing machine The upper plate is fixed in position, and the lower plate moves up and down to iron the leather. 2.1.30.2.2 Double-station plate ironing and embossing machine The lower plate moves horizontally to iron the leather in sequence. 2.1.31 Graining machine, boarding machine A machine that loosens leather fibers and creates patterns on the leather surface through the bending and kneading of a graining board or upper and lower rubber rollers and a graining board. There are two types (one is a connecting rod mechanism with a graining board, and the other is composed of upper and lower rubber rollers and a graining board). 2.1.32 Mucous membrane removal machine A machine that lays a patterned membrane on semi-tanned leather or split leather and presses and bonds it to give it a natural grain feel and increase the tensile strength and waterproof properties of the leather.
2.2 Auxiliary mechanical equipment
2.2.1 Reducer for drum A special equipment for the drum that allows the drum speed to reach the required value. There are two types: fixed-speed drum reducer and variable-speed drum reducer. 2.2.2 Automatic reblading machine A machine that embeds spiral blades on the blade shaft. 2.2.2.1 Simple reblading machine Simple reblading machine only has the function of reblading blades with pneumatic hammer. 2.2.2 Universal reblading machine has the functions of reblading blades with pneumatic hammer, sharpening blade roller and dynamic balance adjustment of blade roller. 2.2.3 Leather loader Leather loader is a special loading equipment for drum loading and unloading and transporting leather inside the workshop. 2.2.4 Stacker, horse stacker is a device for automatically stacking leather between various operation procedures. 2.2.5 Electronic measuring machine Electronic measuring machine is a machine that measures the area of finished leather by photoelectric scanning method. The area of leather passing through the light source and photoelectric tube is converted into photoelectric signal and sent to the control device for data processing and display. 9Www.bzxZ.net
QB/T 1521—1992
2.2. 5. 1 Vertical electronic measuring machine The conveyor is a vertical cabinet equipped with a rotating roller. The measured leather returns along the surface of the roller, that is, the direction of leather out is opposite to that of leather in. 2.2.5.2 Horizontal electronic measuring machine The conveyor is a horizontal workbench equipped with a (nylon rope) conveyor belt. The measured leather is conveyed by the conveyor belt, that is, the direction of leather out is opposite to that of leather in.
2.2.6 Stamping machine A machine for stamping numbers on semi-finished products or finished leather. 2.2.7 Semi-automatic system for drum An automatic control system for the amount of water added to the drum, the water temperature, the time of adding water, the forward and reverse rotation of the drum, etc. during the leather making process. 2.2.8 Automatic system for drum Besides the function of semi-automatic control device, it can also realize automatic control system for the amount of solution (such as dye solution, etc.) added to the drum, the time of adding, pH value, timing of drum rotation, positioning stop, opening of drum door, etc. It is used to realize automatic control of the amount of dye and pigment added to the drum during leather making, the time of adding, and pH value.
2.2.9 Leather sample cutting machine Leather sample cutting machine A machine that cuts leather into samples for measuring physical properties. 2.2.10 Leather piece cutting machine Leather piece cutting machine A machine that cuts leather into standard particles for chemical analysis. 2.3 Leather testing instruments
2.3.1 Leather thickness gauge Leather thickness gauge An instrument for measuring the thickness of bare leather, bad leather, and finished leather. 2.3. 1. 1 Universal leather thickness gauge Universal leather thickness gauge An instrument for measuring the thickness of bare leather, semi-finished products, and finished leather, mostly used for testing during production. 2.3.1.2 Leather thickness gauge with definite load An instrument for measuring the thickness of leather under standard load, used for laboratory testing. 2.3.2 Measuring apparatus of set in lasting of leather An instrument for measuring the percentage of leather stretching and setting under top extension. 2.3.3 Flexometer for light leather An instrument for measuring the number of flexes when the light leather body and its surface (light leather sample folded in accordance with the prescribed method is subjected to reciprocating bending) produce discoloration, fuzzing, cracking, peeling, pulp loss, and wear and tear. 2.3.4 Leather ball bursting strength tester An instrument for measuring the strength (tearing force, extension height, etc.) of light leather when cracks are produced on the grain surface and the leather body breaks under the top extension of the top core (steel ball).
2.3.5 Leather expander A machine for measuring leather tensile strength, elongation (including unit load elongation, grain elongation, elongation at break, permanent elongation), tear force and tear strength.
2.3.6 Leather permeability tester A machine for measuring leather permeability.
2.3.7 Dynamic water permeability tester for leather Water penetrating tester for leather Instrument for measuring the water permeability of leather under dynamic conditions. 2.3.7.1 Dynamic water permeability tester for light leather Water penetrating tester for light leather Measuring the water permeability of light leather (upper leather) under dynamic conditions. 2.3.7.2 Dynamic water permeability tester for sole leather Water penetrating tester for sole leather Measuring the water permeability of sole leather under dynamic conditions. 10
QB/T1521—1992
2. 3.8 Shrinkage temperature tester Leather shrinkage temperature tester Instrument for measuring the temperature at which a leather sample suddenly shrinks in gradually heated water. 2.3. 9 Water vapour permeability tester for leather Instrument for measuring the water vapour permeability of leather. It is divided into static water vapour permeability tester and dynamic water vapour permeability tester. 2. 3. 10 Flexing endurance tester for leather An apparatus for measuring the crack index of the grain surface of leather when it is bent. 2. 3. 11 Sole leather abrasion apparatus An apparatus for measuring the wear resistance of leather.
2. 3. 12 Measuring apparatus of resistance to pressure of oil An apparatus for measuring the degree of oil penetration into leather under a certain time and load. 2.3.13 Adhesivity of coating tester An apparatus for measuring the adhesion of leather coatings. 2. 3. 14 Measuring apparatus for colour fastness of leather to heat An apparatus for measuring the degree of change in colour and appearance of coloured leather coatings after being heated. 2. 3. 15 Measuring apparatus for colour fastness of leather to water An apparatus for measuring the colour fastness of coloured leather coatings to water. 2.3.16 measuring apparatus for colour fastness of leather to friction An apparatus for measuring the fastness of coloured leather to friction (wet and wet), i.e. the degree of colour fastness of leather to dry and wet rubbing. 2.3.17 measuring apparatus for colour fastness of leather to shock An apparatus for measuring the degree of colour change of coloured leather coating under impact load. 2.3.18 measuring apparatus of resistance to perspiration for leather An apparatus for measuring the perspiration absorption performance of leather. 2.3.19 water content testing apparatus for leather An apparatus for rapid determination of moisture content of finished leather
Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the Technical Equipment Department of the Ministry of Light Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Leather Machinery Sub-Technical Committee of the National Technical Committee for Light Industry Machinery Standardization. This standard was drafted by the Fur and Leather Research Institute of the Ministry of Light Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Li Yuhuan, Zhu Yanan and Bo Lili. From the date of implementation of this standard, the original national standard GB5353-1985 "Terms of Leather Machinery and Equipment" will be invalid.
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