GB/T 2900.23-1995 Electrical terminology Industrial electric heating equipment
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Electrotechnical terininology
Industrial electro-heating equipment
Electrotechnical terininologyIndustrial eleciro-heal installationGB/T2900.23—1995
Replaces GB2900.23—83
This standard adopts the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Publication 50 (841) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 841: Industrial Electric Heating (1983 Edition).
1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the special terms for industrial electric heating equipment. This standard is applicable to the formulation of standards, preparation of technical documents, and writing and translation of professional manuals, teaching materials and books. 2 General termswww.bzxz.net
2.1 Generation and use of electric heat
2.1.1 Electro-heat
The subject of converting electrical energy into thermal energy for the purpose of daily application. 2.1.2 Electro-heating technology In all electro-heating fields, technologies related to the generation and application of heat. 2.1.3 Industrial electro-heat Electro-heat applied in industry.
2.1.4 Electro-heating equipment A device that converts electrical energy into thermal energy, including accessories on the device. 2.1.5 Electro-heating equipment Generally refers to equipment composed of electro-heating equipment and other electrical and mechanical devices necessary for its operation and use. 2.1.6 Electric furnace Electric furnace Electro-heating equipment with a furnace.
Note: In actual use, "electric furnace" has a broader meaning. Sometimes electric heating equipment without a furnace body is also called "electric furnace", that is, "electric furnace" is equivalent to "electric heating equipment".
2.1.7 Electric heating electric heating Heating using heat energy generated by electric energy.2.1.8 Direct electric heating directelectricheating electric heating through which current flows through the heated material.2.1.9 Indirect electric heating indirect electric heating electric heating in which heat energy is indirectly transferred to the heated material.2..10 Surface electric heating electric surface heating generating heat on the surface layer of the charge. Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on April 6, 1995 and implemented on January 1, 1996
2.1.11 Through-heating
GB/T 2900.23 --1995
To make the temperature on the cross section of the charge as uniform as possible.2.1.12 Localized heating localized heating Heating is limited to the heating of a certain part of the charge.
2.1.13 Stored heat
Heat stored in high specific heat and/or high latent heat materials mainly for later use. 2. 1. 14 Useful heat
The part of useful heat absorbed by the charge during the entire heating process. 2.1.15 Accumulated heatThe heat absorbed by the furnace lining and other components during the heating process. 2.1.16 Recovered heatThe heat that is not used in the entire heating process but is recovered later. 2.1.17 Thermal losses
The heat lost during the heating process is equal to the difference between the total heat input and the useful heat. 2.1.18 Stand-by losses; standing lossesThe power consumed by the electric heating device to maintain a thermally stable state at the rated temperature or a certain specified temperature. Thermal steady state2. 1. 19
The state of the electric heating device when the accumulated heat of the electric heating device has reached the maximum value at a certain temperature and all the power input to the electric heating device is used to compensate for the heat loss.
2.2 Parameters and performance indicators
2.2. 1 Power frequency (grid frequency) mains frequency The frequency of the AC public power supply grid, which is 50Hz in my country. 2.2.2 Low frequency
A frequency lower than or equal to the power frequency.
2.2.3 Medium frequency mediutm frequency A frequency higher than the power frequency or equal to 10kHz. 2.2.4
High frequency high frequency
A frequency higher than 10kHz and lower than or equal to 300MHz. Hyper-frequency
A frequency higher than 300MHz and lower than or equal to 300000MHz. 2.2.6 Rated power rating of lurnace transformer The apparent power specified in the design of lurnace transformer (resistance furnace transformer, induction furnace transformer, electric furnace transformer, etc.) and marked on the nameplate.
2.2.7 Cold state (of furnace) The state when the temperature of each part of the furnace is equal to the ambient temperature. 2.2.8 Hot state (of furnace) The state when the furnace is heated to a certain degree. Rated capacity (of melting furnace) 2.2. 9
The weight of (liquid) charge contained in the furnace under normal working conditions specified in the design of the melting furnace and marked on the nameplate. 2.2.10 Liquid charge residue The weight of liquid charge left in the furnace after the charge is removed when the melting furnace is in continuous operation. 2.2.11 Working temperature The temperature range allowed for use specified in the design of the electric heating device. GB/T 2900.23—1995
2.2.12 Rated temperature (of melting furnace) Rated temperature (of melting furnace) Normal operating temperature specified in the design of melting furnace. 2.2.13 Holding temperature Holding temperature The temperature of the charge in the furnace that can meet the production needs. 2.2.14 Ambient temperature (of electro-heat installation) The air temperature around the electro-heat installation that is not affected by its heat radiation and the natural convection caused by it. 2.2.15 Reference ambient temperature (of electro-heat installation) The ambient temperature to which all characteristic parameters of electro-heat installation are based. The reference ambient temperature is set at 20'C. Production cycle
The entire process from one discharge to the next discharge of intermittent electro-heat equipment during operation. For example: for a smelting furnace, it includes charging, melting, refining, sampling, material removal and necessary furnace repairs. 2.2.17 Melting cycle melting cycle || tt || The entire effective process of a smelting furnace from power-on to the time when the charge can be discharged from the furnace after charging. 2.2.18 Charging time charging time || tt || Usually refers to the time from opening the furnace II for charging to closing the furnace mouth after the charging is completed for intermittent electric heating equipment. 2.2.19 Melting time melt-down time melting time The time from power-on to the start of refining the charge after charging the smelting furnace (excluding power outage time). 2.2.20 || tt || Refining and/or alloying time (of amelting cycle) The time for refining and (or) alloying the molten metal before casting. Pouring time pouring time || tt || The time required to pour the final refined charge from the furnace. 2.2.22
Efficiency of electro-heat installationThe ratio of the energy converted into effective heat in electro-heat installation to the total electric energy input into the electro-heat installation to produce the effective heat.Production rate
The quotient of the output of each production cycle divided by the time of the cycle. 2.2.24Melting rate
The quotient of the output of each production cycle divided by the melting time. 2.2.25Specific electricity consumptionSpecific electricity consumptionThe electricity consumed by electro-heat installation to produce unit weight of finished products. 2.2.26Specific electricity consumption formelt-downThe electricity consumed by electro-heat installation to completely melt the specified charge into the corresponding unit weight of liquid metal.Roolingwater consumption
The amount of water consumed per unit time by electro-heat installation with water cooling. Note: The water used is mainly used for cooling the various parts of the electro-heat installation, but also includes other uses, such as quenching fire, etc. 2.2.28 Heating-up rate The ability of the charge to rise from the initial humidity to the final temperature is expressed as the ratio of the charge volume to the time required for heating. 3 Resistance Heating
3.1 General Terms and Performance Indicators
3.T.1 Resistance Heating Resistance Heating Electrical heating in which heat energy is generated by the Joule effect in a conductor directly connected to a power source. Current flowing through the heated charge is called: direct resistance heating Direct resistance heating Current flowing through a heating conductor to generate heat and then transfer it to the charge is called: GB/T 2900.23—1995
Indirect resistance heating 3.1.2 Heating Element Surface Rating The power generated per unit surface area of the heating element (W/cm\). 3.1.3 Furnace Temperature The temperature at one or several specified points in the furnace of a resistance furnace. 3.1.4 No-load heating up time Usually refers to the time taken to heat a fully dried resistance furnace without charge from cold state to the test temperature under rated voltage.
3.1.5 No-load power loss The power lost by the furnace body of a resistance furnace without charge when it is in a thermally stable state at the highest working temperature. Formerly known as: no-load power loss.
3.1.6 Furnace temperature uniformity The degree of uniformity of the temperature in the furnace when the resistance furnace is in a thermally stable state at the test temperature. Usually refers to the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures measured at the specified temperature measuring point and the temperature measured at the temperature control point when the furnace is empty. Formerly known as: furnace temperature uniformity.
3.1.7 Furnace temperature stability The degree of stability of the temperature at the temperature control point when the resistance furnace is in a thermally stable state at the test temperature. Formerly known as: furnace temperature control accuracy.
3.2 Parts and components
3.2. 1 Heating conductor heating canductor A conductor connected to a power source and used to convert electrical energy into heat. Synonym: heating resistor. 3.2.2 Heating element An independent assembly consisting of a heating conductor and its accessories. There are detachable and fixed types. 3.2.3 Tubular heating element A heating element consisting of a tube, a heating conductor installed inside it, and insulating heat-conducting materials filling the space between them. 3.2.4 Cold lead
An electrical conductor used to connect the heating element and the power line and which does not generate noticeable heat during use. Synonym: non-heating lead rod non-heating lcad3.2.5 Clectric radiant tube A heating element in which a heating conductor is installed in a tube made of heat-resistant material and which mainly relies on the radiation from the tube surface to transfer heat to the charge during use. 3.3 Products
3. 3. 1 Resistance furnaceAn electric furnace that uses resistance heating.
A resistance furnace that uses direct resistance heating is called: direct resistance direcl resistance furnace; an electric furnace that uses indirect resistance heating is called: indirect resistance furnace. 3.3.2 Direct resistance heating equipmentA resistance heating device in which the current flows directly through the heated charge. Note: Generally refers to a resistance heating device without a furnace. 3.3.3 Vacuum resistance furnaceA resistance furnace in which the charge is heated in a vacuum,
GB/T 2900.23--1995
3. 3. 4 Low thermal mass furnaceAn electric furnace whose lining is made of low heat capacity materials and can reach a certain furnace temperature in a short time. 3.3.5 Electroslag remelting furnace Electroslag remelting furnace A resistance furnace in which electric current flows through a consumable electrode through a special conductive slag, in which heat energy is generated due to the Joule effect, thereby melting the consumable electrode and refining it.
3. 3.6 Bath furnace Bath furnace
An resistance furnace in which the charge is immersed in a liquid medium at the working temperature for heating. It is generally intermittent. It can be divided into many types according to the different mediums used, such as: salt bath furnace saltbathfurnacer
oil bath furnace oil bath furnace :
lead bath furnace lead bath furnace.
3.3.7 Electrode plate bath furnace Salt bath furnace A salt bath furnace with electrodes in the salt bath. Heat energy is generated by the current flowing directly through the salt bath between the electrodes. According to the way the electrodes are loaded, they can be divided into:
salt bath furnace with immersed electrodes; salt bath furnace with submerged electrodes. 3. 3.8 Fluidized bed furnace A furnace with particles in a fluidized state in the furnace. The movement of the particles makes the furnace temperature uniform and the heat transfer accelerated. 3.3.9 Retort furnace
A furnace with a sealed furnace tank to prevent the charge inside from reacting with the atmosphere in the heating chamber. 4 Electric infrared heating
4.1 General terms
4.1.1 Electric infrared heating Electric infra-red heating A heating method that uses infrared radiation generated by electric energy to transfer heat energy. Electric infrared radiation electric infra-red radiation 4.1.21
Electromagnetic radiation with a monochromatic component wavelength greater than the wavelength of visible light and less than about 1 mm: Depending on the length of the wavelength, it can be divided into:
Short wave electric infra-red radiation short wave electric infra-red radiation with a wavelength equal to or less than 2 μm; medium wave electric infra-red radiation medium wave lcctric infra rcd tadiation electric infra-red radiation with a wavelength between 2 and 4 μm; long wave electric infra-red radiation long wave electric infra-red radiation with a wavelength greater than 4 μm. 4.2 Parts, components and products
Electric infrared heating element electricinfra redhcatingclcmcnt4.2.1
Components that use electrical energy to generate electric infrared radiation. 4.2.2 Electric infra-red heater electric infra-red heater without a heating chamber. 4.2.3 Electric infrared furnace electric infrared heating furnace composed of heating chamber and electric infrared heating element. 5 Electric strong heating
5. 1 General terms and performance indicators
5.1.1 Arc heating
Electric heating in which the heat energy is mainly generated by the arc. GB/T 2900.23—1995
The arc current flows through the heated charge is called: direct arc heating; the arc current flows between two electrodes, and the charge is indirectly heated by the arc between the two electrodes is called: indirect arc heating. 5. 1.2
Submerged arc heating electrodes are buried in the charge, and part of the heat energy is generated by the arc and part by the electric heating generated by the Joule effect in the charge. Synonym: arc resistance heating arc reaistance heating. 5. 1.3 Arc length
The length of the electrode between the electrode tip and the charge or another electrode tip. Arc voltage arcvoltage
The voltage drop between two electrode tips in contact with the arc or between one electrode tip and the charge. 5.1.5 Arc current arc current
The current in the arc.
5.1.6 Arc power · arc power
The active power in the arc.
Short-circuit impedance of arc furnace short-circuit impedance of arc furnace The impedance value calculated from the voltage and current values measured in the short-circuit test of a complete set of arc furnaces. Relative voltage of arc furnace dynamic voltage of arc furnace 5. 1.8
Under the condition of stable arc, the voltage value of each part of the main circuit of the arc furnace equipment expressed as a fraction of the rated secondary open-circuit voltage of the transformer.
Arc stability
A characteristic of an arc in which the arc voltage reappears with the same arc current every half cycle. 5.1.10Refractory hot spot of arc furnaceThe part of the arc furnace lining close to the electrode. These parts have a higher erosion rate due to the higher temperature and are therefore prone to thinning. 5. 1. 11 Wild phase
The phase in which the arc power increases due to the imbalance of the three-phase circuit of the arc furnace. Synonym: leading phase. 5. 1. 12
Dead phase
The phase in which the arc power decreases due to the imbalance of the three-phase circuit of the arc furnace. Synonym: lagging phase. 5.1.13Electrode breakagesElectrode breakages caused by electrode breakage during the operation of the arc furnace. This part of the loss does not include the electrode consumption caused by arc current or oxidation. Electrode (unit) consumption rate specificeleclradeconsumption5.1.14
The ratio of the unit amount of electrode consumed by the arc furnace (kg) (electrode breakage is not included) to the weight of metal smelted in the same time (t).
arsfurnaceclectrodepitchcirclediameter5. 1. 15
The diameter of the circle determined by an intersection point where the center line of the electrode intersects the horizontal plane. 5.1.16Electrode speedelectrode rise or fall speed.
Electrode response timeelectroderresponsetime5.1.17
GB/T 2900.23—1995
The time required from the electrode regulator receiving the electrode rise or fall signal to the electrode reaching the specified speed. 5.7.18 Electrode dead time The time required from the electrode regulator receiving the electrode rise or fall signal to the electrode starting to move. Rated capacity (of direct arc furnace) Rated eapacity (af dircct arc furnace) 5.1.19
The calculated capacity of liquid metal specified and nominal in the design of the direct arc furnace (t). This capacity is determined according to the lining specified in the design: it includes the expected maximum slag on the surface of the liquid metal without overflowing the threshold. The density of the liquid metal taken in the given manufacturing should be clearly specified during the design.
5.2 Parts and components
5.2.1 Arc furnace roof arcfurnaceroof The top of the arc furnace is usually made of refractory materials in an arched shape and supported by the furnace roof ring on all sides. There are also steel structures that do not use refractory materials but use water cooling in the middle.
5.2.2 Arc furnace electrodeA conductive part usually made of stone, one end of which is connected to the power supply in the arc furnace, and the other end generates an arc with the charge or another electrode.
Self-baking electrode5.2.3
An electrode that is continuously self-baked during operation and is used in some types of arc furnaces. This electrode has a metal jacket filled with plastic carbon material, which is baked into a solid by the current passing through the electrode and the heat in the furnace. 5.2.4 Continuous electrodeAn electrode that can be added section by section during the operation of the arc furnace. 5.2.5 Coated electrodeCoated electrodeAn electrode with a protective coating on the surface.
5.2.6 Electrode tip
The part of the electrode in the arc furnace that is closest to the charge or another electrode. 5.2.7 Electrode nipple: A threaded part that connects two identical electrodes of an electric arc furnace and is made of the same material as the electrodes. 5.2.8 Electrode economizer: An annular ring that is installed in the roof or on the neck of an electric arc furnace and is cooled by water or air. The electrodes pass through the ring. Synonym: electrode economizer.
5.2.9 Electrode (control) rcgulator A device that moves the electrode of the electric furnace up and down to adjust the power of the electric arc furnace. 5.2.10 Arc furnace roof ring A ring-shaped object of steel structure, usually cooled by water, used to support the refractory material of the furnace roof and to place the entire furnace roof on the shell. 5.2.11 Arc furnace spout A trough with refractory lining extending from the outer wall of the arc furnace shell, used to discharge the slag in the state. 5.2.12 Arc furnace slagging doorA door on the outer wall of the shell of an electric arc furnace, used to discharge slag from this door when the furnace body tilts backward, and this door can also be used to add metal materials and slag materials.
5.2.13arefurnacesidedoorA door on the outer wall of the shell of an electric arc furnace, forming a 90° angle with the slag discharge door. It is used to assist the charge. 5.2.14electrode system of arc furnaceelectrode system of arefurnaceA system composed of electrode supports and electrode regulators for controlling arc length, used to ensure the maximum electrical power for the furnace during operation
5.2.15electrode supporting structure of arc furnaceGB/T2900.23—1995
Electrode supporting structure composed of electrode columns, electrode arms and electrode heads. 5.2.16electrode columnsarc furnaceelectrode Mast is a vertical structural member that supports the electrode arm. It usually has two types: one is fixed, and the electrode arm can move up and down along it; the other can move up and down, and the electrode arm is fixed on it. 5.2.17 rc furnace electrade mast brakesnubber) A device that can automatically prevent the movable electrode column or electrode arm from moving when the driving mechanism of the arc furnace fails. 5.2. 18 arc furnace electrode arm is a structural member that is connected to the electrode column at one end and equipped with an electrode chuck at the other end. 5.2.19 Arc furnace electrode clamp A metal component that is partially or completely cooled with water and is used to clamp the electrode and ensure good electrical contact with the electrode. 5.2.20 Arc furnace platform A platform that supports the arc furnace body, sometimes including the rotating seat of the furnace cover. The entire platform can tilt forward when the arc furnace is tapping steel and can tilt backward when the slag is discharged.
Arc furnace tilting system arcfurnacetiltingsystem5.2.21
A pressure-controlled electric system used to tilt the arc furnace when tapping steel or discharging slag. 5.2.22 Arc furnace tilt rocker An arc-shaped component with teeth or pins that is usually installed under the arc furnace platform for tilting the platform. 5.2.23 Arc furnace tilt roller track A plate-shaped guide usually with teeth or pin holes, on which the tilt rocker rolls. 5.2.24 Arc furnace swivel gantryA steel structure installed on the arc furnace platform or with an independent foundation, used to support the electrode support and furnace cover, lift the furnace cover, and rotate it along the center axis of the gantry.
5.2.25 Arc furnace fume elbowA curved pipe used to collect flue gas from a hole in the top of the arc furnace and guide the flue gas to dust removal and other treatment devices. 5.2.26 Arc furnace fume hoodA hood suspended above the smoke outlet area of the arc furnace, designed to absorb flue gas and a certain amount of workshop air, the latter of which can cool the flue gas before entering the dust removal device.
5.2.27 Arc furnace flexible cableA flexible cable used to transmit the secondary large current of the arc furnace transformer to the electrode. This cable is either water-cooled or air-cooled.
5.2.28 Busbar of electrode arm A hollow water-cooled or air-cooled conductor mounted on the electrode arm, one end of which is connected to the flexible cable and the other end is connected to the electrode chuck. 5.2.29 Heavy-current line of arc furnace A general term for the series parts of the secondary circuit of an arc furnace, including the electrode and secondary busbar system (electrode chuck, electrode arm busbar, flexible cable and transformer secondary busbar), which is used to transmit the required electric power from the transformer to the charge in the furnace. Synonym: short circuit.
5.2.30 Main electrical circuit of arc furnace The power supply line of an arc furnace, including high-voltage devices (including reactors but excluding compensation devices when equipped with reactors), furnace transformers, heavy-current lines, arcs and charge. 5.2.31 (Electric furnace) Electromagnetic stirrer (arc furnace) Electromagnetic stirrer An electromagnetic device consisting of an iron core and windings, used to generate a magnetic field to circulate the liquid metal in the arc furnace. 5.3 Products
5.3.1 Arc furnace rc furnace
An electric furnace using electricity as the main heat source.
GB/T 2900.23—1995
An arc furnace using direct electric arc heating is called: direct arc furnace: An electric furnace using indirect electric heating is called indirect arc furnace. 5.3.2 Submerged furnaces are electric furnaces using submerged arc heating.
Synonym: arc-resistatice furnace, formerly known as ore-heating furnace. 5.3.3 Vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace Vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace is a direct arc furnace in which the electrode is made of the material to be smelted and the smelting process is carried out in a vacuum chamber. The arc burns between the consumable electrode and the molten charge in the water-cooled mold. During the smelting process, the consumable electrode gradually melts, is refined, and solidifies into an ingot in the water-cooled mold. 6 Induction heating
6.1 General terms
6.1.1 Induction heating induction heating Electric heating in which heat energy is generated by induced current in the charge through the principle of electromagnetic induction. 6.1.2 Indirect induction heating indirect induction heating Induction heating in which the induced current is mainly generated in the conductive crucible or other conductors rather than in the charge and then the heat energy is transferred to the charge. 3 Transverse (longitudinal) flux heating transverse (longitudinal) flux heating 6.1.3
Induction heating in which the magnetic flux generated by the current in the close-coupled coil is perpendicular (parallel) to the heated surface of the charge. 6.1.4 Traveling wave heating The three-phase magnetic flux generated by the current in the three-phase induction coil is perpendicular to the heated surface of the charge and passes through the charge surface at the speed of the fundamental frequency.
Current penetration depth Current penetration depth The sinusoidal magnetic flux of the fundamental frequency conducts longitudinal magnetic flux heating on an infinitely extended plane body composed of a certain material. The vertical distance from the surface where the current density in the plane body is equal to 1/e of the surface current density is called the current penetration depth of the material at this frequency. Note, () e is the expansion of the natural logarithm.
② Infinitely extended plane body refers to an imaginary object with a plane surface and infinitely extended length, width and thickness. 6.1.6 Menisous
The circular arch formed by the upward bulge of the liquid metal surface due to the electromagnetic force during the operation of the crucible induction melting furnace. 6.2 Parts and components
6.2.1 Induction coil
A coil made of copper tube or wire used to transfer electrical energy for heating. 6.2.2
Inductor
Usually refers to a component consisting of an induction coil and its accessories. 6.2.3
Ferrite inductor An inductor with a magnetic conductor and a flux trap, which confines the induced current generated in the workpiece to a specific area of the workpiece.
6.2.4 Core type inductor An inductor with a closed iron core made of silicon steel sheets, with an induction coil wrapped around the iron core, and the heated liquid or solid metal also surrounds the iron core to act as a transformer secondary. 6.2.5 Solenoid inductor Spiral inductor A cylindrical multi-turn inductor that surrounds the outside of the furnace heating zone. GB/T 2900.23—1995
Synonym: cylindrical inductor. 6.2.6 Pancake inductor An inductor used to heat a flat workpiece on one side, consisting of one or more spiral coils located on the same plane, usually with a magnetic conductor.
6.2.7 Internal inductor An inductor used to heat the inner surface of a hollow workpiece, usually with the same shape as the inner surface of the hollow workpiece. Most of them have a conductor inside. 6.2.8 Inductor assembly of coreless induction furnace An assembly of inductor, core, magnetic conductor, surrounding frame or metal shell in a coreless induction furnace. 6.2.9 Inductor assembly of induction channel furnace An assembly of inductor, iron core, refractory lining and shell in a cored induction furnace. 6.2.10 Inductor coil ground leakage protection device inductorcoilearthleakageprotection A device on the induction furnace that detects the insulation resistance between the grounded charge and the induction coil. When the insulation resistance is too low, the power supply will be automatically cut off.
Coil flux guide
The laminated silicon steel sheet assembly or ferrite product assembled according to the specified requirements is placed at a certain position of the coil to guide the magnetic flux generated by the induction coil to achieve the purpose of enhancing the heating effect, or placed around the coil to reduce the heating of the steel structure near the furnace.
6.2.12 Coil & witching link A device used to switch the induction coil tap + to make the coil reach the best design performance. 6.2.13 Induction heater is made of conductive material. The heat is mainly generated by the eddy current in it, and then transferred to the parts of the charge. 6.2.14 (Channel of induction furnace) Channel (of induction channel furnace) Surrounding the iron core column, it is a hollow ring made of refractory material or other materials, which contains molten metal and generates heat energy under the action of induced current.
6.2.15 (Channel of induction furnace) Heating circuit of inductiunchannel furnace) A closed circuit consisting of the molten channel and the metal in the furnace. 6.3 Products
6.3.1 Induction electro-heating equipment Electro-heating equipment using induction heating.
6. 3. 2 Induction Heating Equipment An electric heating device that generates electric current in the charge by induction without a closed furnace chamber. 6.3.3 Double-frequency indurtian heating equipment An induction heating device that uses two different working frequencies to heat the same charge. Induction furnace Induction furnace
An electric furnace that uses induction heating.
Induction melting furnace Induction melting furnace An induction furnace used for melting charge.
6.3.6 Coreless induction furnace An induction furnace that has one or more induction coils wrapped around the coil, and generates heat energy directly in the charge or in the conductive crucible containing the charge by electromagnetic induction.
Synonym: induction crucible furnace. 6.3.7 Channel induction furnace An induction furnace composed of one or more core-type inductors used for melting or heat preservation. Synonyms: groove induction furnace.
GB/T 2900.23—1995
6.3.8 Induction holding furnace induction holding furnace is an induction furnace specially used to hold and raise the temperature of liquid charge to the required temperature. 6.3.9 Induction heating installation induction electric heating equipment used for charge heating, heat penetration, sintering, brazing and quenching (excluding smelting and liquid charge heat preservation). According to the different heat purposes, it can be divided into: induction thruugh-heating installation; induction hardening installation. 7 Dielectric heating
7.1 Dielectric heating dielectric heating is the electric heating of non-conductive materials under the action of 1~~300 MHz electric field, which generates heat energy due to the movement of charges in its atoms or molecules. 7.2 Working electrode (for dielectric heater) Flat plate or other shaped electrode of the working capacitor for dielectric heater. The charge is placed between the electrodes and heated by the alternating electric field between them:
7.3 Dielectric heater Dielectric heater has no dielectric heating device such as a hot chamber,
7.4 Dielectric heating Uven has a dielectric heating device in a heating chamber.
7.5 Dielectric heating installation Dielectric heating installation An electric heating device consisting of a dielectric heating device, a high-frequency generator, a power supply and a control device. 8 Microwave heating
8.1 Microwave heating microwave heating
Non-conductive materials are heated by electric heating under the action of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves of 300~～300 000 MHz (wavelength 1 m1～1 mm) to generate heat energy through molecular motion and ion conduction.
8.2 Microwave generator Microwave emitter A device used to generate ultra-high frequency electromagnetic energy. Note: Microwave generators can use magnetrons, klystrons or high-power triodes. 8.3 Microwave applicator A device that supplies ultra-high frequency electromagnetic energy to the heated material. 8.4 Microwave oven
An electric furnace that uses microwaves for heating.
8.5 Microwave heating installation An electric heating device that uses ultra-high frequency electromagnetic energy to heat the charge, consisting of a power supply, a microwave generator, and internal connecting cables and waveguides of the heater, a control circuit, parts for conveying materials, and a ventilation and cooling system. 9 Electron beam heating
9. 1 -- General terms
9.1.1 Electron beam heating Electron beam heating Electric heating in which heat energy is generated by electron beams bombarding the charge in a vacuum. 9. 1. 2 Electron beam Electron groups that are accelerated and move in roughly the same direction. GB/T 2900.23-1995
9.1.3 Electron penetration depth When an electron beam bombards a material, the depth to which the electrons penetrate into the surface of the material and convert their kinetic energy into heat energy. 9.1.4 (Beam) accelerating voltage (bear) accelerating voltage The potential difference applied between the cathode and the anode to produce an electric field that accelerates the electrons. 9.1.5 Emission current The electron current emitted from the cathode.
9.1.6 Beam current
The current formed by the movement of electrons and ionization in the electron beam. 9.2 Parts, components and products
9.2.1 Cathade (of electron gun) Electrode in the electron gun that emits the required electrons. 9.2.2 Anode (of electron gun) Electrode in the electron gun that is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, usually with a hole in the middle for the electron beam to pass freely through it. 9.2.3 Extracting electrode An electrode in an electron gun, located between the cathode and the anode, with a positive potential relative to the cathode, used to extract electrons emitted from the cathode.
9.2.4 Focusing electrode An electrode near the cathode used to form and control the electron beam. Focusing lens
An electromagnetic coil or electrostatic plate used to generate a magnetic field or electric field to focus the electron beam. (Beam) deflection system (beam) deflection system9. 2.6
An electromagnetic coil or electrostatic plate used to generate a magnetic field or electric field to change the direction of the electron beam. 9.2.7 (Beam) scanning system (beam) scanning system An electromagnetic system used to control the regular movement of the electron beam on the surface of the heated charge. 9.2.8 Diaphragm aperture A component used to limit the diameter and aperture angle of the electron beam. 9.2.9 Electron gun
A device that generates an electron beam.
diode gun
an electron gun whose beam electrode is at the same potential as the cathode. 9.2.11 triode gun
an electron gun whose beam electrode is at a negative potential relative to the cathode. 9.2. 12 external gunexternal gun
an electron gun whose main part is arranged outside the furnace chamber of the electric furnace, and the gun and the furnace chamber have vacuum systems respectively. 9.2.13 internal guninternal gun
an electron gun arranged inside the furnace chamber of the electric furnace, and the gun and the furnace chamber share a set of vacuum systems. focal line beam gun
a special type of electron gun whose electron beam is focused on a focal line rather than on a focal point. 9.2.15 Electron beam heating equipment Electron beam heating equipment uses the energy of electron beam to heat the charge. 9.2.16 Electron beam melting furnace Electron beam melting furnace uses the energy of electron beam to melt the charge. Synonym: Electron-bombardment furnace.
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