Some standard content:
Code for engineering surveying
1993—03—26
1993—08—01
State Administration of Technical Supervision
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
Full-text information system of engineering construction standards
Jointly issued
Full-text information system of engineering construction standards
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Code for engineering surveying
GB50026—93
Editor department: China General Corporation of Nonferrous Metals Industry Approval department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective date: August 1, 1993
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Notice on the release of the national standard
"Engineering Survey Specification"
Jianbiao [1993] No. 242
According to the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. [1986] 250, the "Engineering Survey Specification" revised by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation and relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Engineering Survey Specification" GB50026-93 is now approved as a mandatory national standard and will be implemented on August 1, 1993. The original "Engineering Survey Specification" TJ26-78 will be abolished at the same time.
This standard is managed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation, and the specific interpretation and other work is the responsibility of Xi'an Survey Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The publication and distribution is organized by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
January 3, 1993
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Revision Notes
This specification is edited by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation in accordance with the requirements of the former State Planning Commission's Notice No. [1986] 250, and is specifically revised by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation's Xi'an Survey Institute and relevant units to revise the "Engineering Survey Specification" TJ26-78 (Trial) issued by the former State Capital Construction Committee and the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.
During the revision process, the revision team conducted investigations and studies, and widely solicited opinions from relevant units across the country. According to the requirements of reflecting policies, advanced technology, economic rationality, and safety and applicability, the applicable provisions of the original specification were retained, and the inapplicable or incompletely applicable provisions were deleted and modified. New technologies and scientific research results that have been identified and widely used and are effective were added. After two national conferences, the revision was discussed and revised, and finally reviewed and finalized with relevant departments.
The revised content consists of 9 chapters, 40 sections and 7 appendices. In addition to retaining the original chapters on general principles, plane control measurement, elevation control measurement, topographic measurement, line measurement, and drawing reproduction, the revised content includes construction measurement, compilation and measurement of the general plan for completion, deformation measurement, and revision and measurement of topographic maps, compilation, blueprint printing, electrostatic copying and photocopying, copying, printing plate printing and revision, proofing and offset printing. The contents of the original chapters and sections have been adjusted: the main technical requirements of the trilateral network are stipulated in plane control measurement, the technical requirements of graded conductors are stipulated in electromagnetic wave ranging, and the technical requirements of electromagnetic wave ranging trigonometric height measurement are stipulated in elevation control measurement; the technical requirements of the polar coordinate method for the layout of the basic points of the electromagnetic wave rangefinder and the technical requirements of the tachometer are stipulated in topographic measurement; the unified technical regulations for the measurement of lines of various grades are stipulated in line measurement. In view of the rapid development of photogrammetry technology, its depth and breadth have the conditions to form an independent specification, and the photogrammetry part of the original "Engineering Surveying Specification" has been compiled into the "Engineering Photogrammetry Specification".
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
In the process of implementation, all units are advised to pay attention to accumulating information and summarizing experience. If any modification or supplement is found, please send your opinions and relevant information to the National Standard Management Group of Engineering Surveying Specifications of Xi'an Survey Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry, No. 46, Xiying Road, Xi'an (Postal Code: 710054), and copy to the Infrastructure Bureau of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation for reference in future revisions.
China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation
November 1992
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Main Symbols
Chapter 1 General
Chapter 2
Plane Control Survey
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter 3
General Provisions
Design, Point Selection, Marking and Burying Stones...·Horizontal Angle Observation...
Distance Measurement
In-house Calculation
Elevation Control Survey
Section 1
Section Section 2
Section 3
Chapter 4
General Provisions
Leveling
Electromagnetic Wave Ranging Trigonometric Height
Topographic Survey
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Chapter 5
General Provisions
Basic Control Survey:
Topographic Mapping of General Areas
Topographic Mapping of Urban Residential Areas
Survey of Current Situation Map of Industrial and Mining Areas
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Zhongo0*5oeo0+e0
Water Areas Topographic Survey…
Revision and Survey of Topographic Maps….
Line Survey
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
General Provisions
Railway and
Highway Survey
Aerial Ropeway Survey
Grass-flow and Pressure Pipeline Survey
Overhead Transmission Line Survey
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
(33)
(41)
((47)
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter VI Drawing and Reproduction
Section 1
Section 2|| tt||Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Chapter 7
General Provisions
Blueprint, Electrostatic Copying and Copying
Reproduction, Printing and Revision
Proofing and Offset Printing.
Construction Survey
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter 8
General Provisions
Construction Control Survey…·
Construction Stakeout for Industrial and Civil Buildings
Casting Pile, Boundary Stake and Red Line Survey
Welcome
.......
Construction Survey of Hydraulic Structures
Compilation and Measurement of General Drawings
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Chapter 9
General Provisions
Compilation of Completed General Drawings
Measurement of Completed General Drawings
Deformation Measurement
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6| |tt||Appendix 1
Appendix 3
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
General provisions
Horizontal displacement monitoring network:
Vertical displacement monitoring network·
Horizontal displacement measurement·
Vertical displacement measurement
In-house calculation and results collation
Terminology of this specification
Specifications and directions for the laying of plane control point signs and benchmarks Observation methodCalculation formula for position transformation of dial and micrometer
Elevation control point mark and buried specification of benchmarkThe calculation formula for main body inclination rate of buildings and structures and main body inclination value calculated according to differential settlementEngineering 2 Construction StandardFull-text Information System
（51)
（59)
（67)
（75)
·(76)
（84)
（89)||tt| |Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Appendix 6 Calculation formula of foundation relative inclination value and foundation deflection Appendix 7 Explanation of terms used in this specification
Additional explanation
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Main symbols
C——collimation difference;
——electromagnetic wave ranging side length;
D——horizontal distance;
DJi, DJ2,DJ6
DS05,DS1, DS3
Model of theodolite;
Model of level;
Azimuth closure error;
Contour interval,
Average elevation,
Height difference,
Atmospheric refraction coefficient;
Line length;
Denominator of mapping scale;
Occasional mean error of height difference;
Total mean error of height difference;
Mean error of distance measurement;
Mean error of azimuth;
Angle measurement Mean error;
-Number of attached lines or closed loops;
Number of measuring stations, measuring sections, sides, baselines, and triangles;
Weight of measurement;
-Average radius of curvature of the earth:
-Side length, slope distance;
T-Denominator of relative mean error of side length;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W-Closure error,
Wt, Wg, Wi, W. —Limits of free terms of azimuth conditions, fixed angle conditions, plate conditions, and side (baseline) conditions, respectively; α-vertical angle;
8-One second difference in the sine logarithm of the distance angle;
on-The height difference of a pair of directional observations is relatively poor;
u-Unit weight mean error.
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter 1 General
Article 1·0·1 This specification is formulated in order to unify the technical requirements of engineering surveying, provide correct surveying and mapping data for engineering construction in a timely and accurate manner, ensure that the quality of its results and maps meets the requirements of each surveying and mapping stage, and adapt to the needs of engineering construction development. Article 1·0·2 This specification is applicable to the general surveying and mapping work in the survey, design, construction and production (operation) stages of urban, industrial and mining enterprises, transportation and energy engineering construction. Its contents include control measurement, 1:500 to 1:5000 scale mapping using non-photogrammetry methods, line measurement, drawing and reproduction, construction measurement, general engineering map compilation and actual measurement, and deformation measurement. For 1:5000 scale topographic maps with a surveying area greater than 50km2, under the condition of meeting the requirements of engineering construction for mapping accuracy, it is advisable to implement it in accordance with the current relevant specifications issued by the State Administration of Surveying and Mapping.
Before the engineering surveying work, the client should understand the Article 1·0·3
technical requirements for surveying and mapping work, conduct on-site surveys, collect, analyze and use existing qualified data, formulate economically reasonable technical plans, and write technical design books or survey outlines. During the project, the quality inspection of internal and external works should be strengthened. At the end of the project, inspection and acceptance should be carried out, and the data should be sorted out, and the engineering technical report or manual should be written. Article 10·4 Surveying and mapping instruments and tools must be checked and calibrated in a timely manner, and maintenance and regular inspections must be strengthened.
Article 1·0·5 Engineering surveying should use the mean error as the standard for measuring surveying and mapping accuracy, and double the mean error as the limit error. Article 1·0·6 For projects with higher accuracy requirements, when the number of redundant observations is less than 20, it is advisable to use a certain confidence probability, use the interval estimate of the mean error, and then evaluate the observation accuracy in combination with the observation conditions.
Article 1·0·7 In addition to being implemented in accordance with this specification, the surveying work of various types of projects shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards. Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter II
Plane Control Surveywww.bzxz.net
Section 1 General Provisions
Article 2·1·1 The layout of the plane control network should be adapted to local conditions, starting from current needs and giving appropriate consideration to development.
The establishment of the plane control network can adopt methods such as triangulation, traverse and trilateral surveying. For some special projects, the measurement method of the corner network can be adopted. The level division of the plane control network is divided into two, three, and four grades of triangulation and trilateral surveying, and one and two small triangles and small trilaterals, and traverse surveying is divided into three and four grades and one, two, and three grades. The adoption of each grade can be used as the first-level control of the survey area according to the needs of the project.
Under the condition that the accuracy index of this specification is met, it can be laid out across levels or expanded at the same level.
Article 2·1·2 The coordinate system of the plane control network should make the following choices under the condition that the projection length deformation value in the survey area is not greater than 2.5cm/km: 1. Adopt a unified Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt plane rectangular coordinate system; 2. Adopt a Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt or arbitrary belt plane rectangular coordinate system. The projection surface can adopt the 1985 national elevation datum, the survey area compensation elevation surface or the survey area average elevation surface.
3. A small survey area can be oriented by a simple method to establish an independent coordinate system; 4. In areas where there is an existing plane control network, the original coordinate system can be used; 5. The building coordinate system can be used in the factory area. (I) Main technical requirements for triangulation
Article 2·1·3
The main technical requirements for triangulation should comply with the provisions of Table 2·1·3.
The layout of the triangulation network (lock) shall meet the following requirements: Article 2.1.4
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information SystemDS3
Model of theodolite;
Model of level;
Azimuth closure error;
Contour interval,
Average elevation,
Height difference,
Atmospheric refraction coefficient;
Line length;
Denominator of mapping scale;
Occasional mean error of height difference;
Total mean error of height difference;
Mean error of distance measurement;
Mean error of azimuth;
Angle measurement Mean error;
-Number of attached lines or closed loops;
Number of measuring stations, measuring sections, sides, baselines, and triangles;
Weight of measurement;
-Average radius of curvature of the earth:
-Side length, slope distance;
T-Denominator of relative mean error of side length;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W-Closure error,
Wt, Wg, Wi, W. —Limits of free terms of azimuth conditions, fixed angle conditions, plate conditions, and side (baseline) conditions, respectively; α-vertical angle;
8-One second difference in the sine logarithm of the distance angle;
on-The height difference of a pair of directional observations is relatively poor;
u-Unit weight mean error.
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter 1 General
Article 1·0·1 This specification is formulated in order to unify the technical requirements of engineering surveying, provide correct surveying and mapping data for engineering construction in a timely and accurate manner, ensure that the quality of its results and maps meets the requirements of each surveying and mapping stage, and adapt to the needs of engineering construction development. Article 1·0·2 This specification is applicable to the general surveying and mapping work in the survey, design, construction and production (operation) stages of urban, industrial and mining enterprises, transportation and energy engineering construction. Its contents include control measurement, 1:500 to 1:5000 scale mapping using non-photogrammetry methods, line measurement, drawing and reproduction, construction measurement, general engineering map compilation and actual measurement, and deformation measurement. For 1:5000 scale topographic maps with a surveying area greater than 50km2, under the condition of meeting the requirements of engineering construction for mapping accuracy, it is advisable to implement it in accordance with the current relevant specifications issued by the State Administration of Surveying and Mapping.
Before the engineering surveying work, the client should understand the Article 1·0·3
technical requirements for surveying and mapping work, conduct on-site surveys, collect, analyze and use existing qualified data, formulate economically reasonable technical plans, and write technical design books or survey outlines. During the project, the quality inspection of internal and external works should be strengthened. At the end of the project, inspection and acceptance should be carried out, and the data should be sorted out, and the engineering technical report or manual should be written. Article 10·4 Surveying and mapping instruments and tools must be checked and calibrated in a timely manner, and maintenance and regular inspections must be strengthened.
Article 1·0·5 Engineering surveying should use the mean error as the standard for measuring surveying and mapping accuracy, and double the mean error as the limit error. Article 1·0·6 For projects with higher accuracy requirements, when the number of redundant observations is less than 20, it is advisable to use a certain confidence probability, use the interval estimate of the mean error, and then evaluate the observation accuracy in combination with the observation conditions.
Article 1·0·7 In addition to being implemented in accordance with this specification, the surveying work of various types of projects shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards. Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter II
Plane Control Survey
Section 1 General Provisions
Article 2·1·1 The layout of the plane control network should be adapted to local conditions, starting from current needs and giving appropriate consideration to development.
The establishment of the plane control network can adopt methods such as triangulation, traverse and trilateral surveying. For some special projects, the measurement method of the corner network can be adopted. The level division of the plane control network is divided into two, three, and four grades of triangulation and trilateral surveying, and one and two small triangles and small trilaterals, and traverse surveying is divided into three and four grades and one, two, and three grades. The adoption of each grade can be used as the first-level control of the survey area according to the needs of the project.
Under the condition that the accuracy index of this specification is met, it can be laid out across levels or expanded at the same level.
Article 2·1·2 The coordinate system of the plane control network should make the following choices under the condition that the projection length deformation value in the survey area is not greater than 2.5cm/km: 1. Adopt a unified Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt plane rectangular coordinate system; 2. Adopt a Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt or arbitrary belt plane rectangular coordinate system. The projection surface can adopt the 1985 national elevation datum, the survey area compensation elevation surface or the survey area average elevation surface.
3. A small survey area can be oriented by a simple method to establish an independent coordinate system; 4. In areas where there is an existing plane control network, the original coordinate system can be used; 5. The building coordinate system can be used in the factory area. (I) Main technical requirements for triangulation
Article 2·1·3
The main technical requirements for triangulation should comply with the provisions of Table 2·1·3.
The layout of the triangulation network (lock) shall meet the following requirements: Article 2.1.4
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information SystemDS3
Model of theodolite;
Model of level;
Azimuth closure error;
Contour interval,
Average elevation,
Height difference,
Atmospheric refraction coefficient;
Line length;
Denominator of mapping scale;
Occasional mean error of height difference;
Total mean error of height difference;
Mean error of distance measurement;
Mean error of azimuth;
Angle measurement Mean error;
-Number of attached lines or closed loops;
Number of measuring stations, measuring sections, sides, baselines, and triangles;
Weight of measurement;
-Average radius of curvature of the earth:
-Side length, slope distance;
T-Denominator of relative mean error of side length;
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W-Closure error,
Wt, Wg, Wi, W. —Limits of free terms of azimuth conditions, fixed angle conditions, plate conditions, and side (baseline) conditions, respectively; α-vertical angle;
8-One second difference in the sine logarithm of the distance angle;
on-The height difference of a pair of directional observations is relatively poor;
u-Unit weight mean error.
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Chapter 1 General
Article 1·0·1 This specification is formulated in order to unify the technical requirements of engineering surveying, provide correct surveying and mapping data for engineering construction in a timely and accurate manner, ensure that the quality of its results and maps meets the requirements of each surveying and mapping stage, and adapt to the needs of engineering construction development. Article 1·0·2 This specification is applicable to the general surveying and mapping work in the survey, design, construction and production (operation) stages of urban, industrial and mining enterprises, transportation and energy engineering construction. Its contents include control measurement, 1:500 to 1:5000 scale mapping using non-photogrammetry methods, line measurement, drawing and reproduction, construction measurement, general engineering map compilation and actual measurement, and deformation measurement. For 1:5000 scale topographic maps with a surveying area greater than 50km2, under the condition of meeting the requirements of engineering construction for mapping accuracy, it is advisable to implement it in accordance with the current relevant specifications issued by the State Administration of Surveying and Mapping.
Before the engineering surveying work, the client should understand the Article 1·0·3
technical requirements for surveying and mapping work, conduct on-site surveys, collect, analyze and use existing qualified data, formulate economically reasonable technical plans, and write technical design books or survey outlines. During the project, the quality inspection of internal and external works should be strengthened. At the end of the project, inspection and acceptance should be carried out, and the data should be sorted out, and the engineering technical report or manual should be written. Article 10·4 Surveying and mapping instruments and tools must be checked and calibrated in a timely manner, and maintenance and regular inspections must be strengthened.
Article 1·0·5 Engineering surveying should use the mean error as the standard for measuring surveying and mapping accuracy, and double the mean error as the limit error. Article 1·0·6 For projects with higher accuracy requirements, when the number of redundant observations is less than 20, it is advisable to use a certain confidence probability, use the interval estimate of the mean error, and then evaluate the observation accuracy in combination with the observation conditions.
Article 1·0·7 In addition to being implemented in accordance with this specification, the surveying work of various types of projects shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards. Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
Chapter II
Plane Control Survey
Section 1 General Provisions
Article 2·1·1 The layout of the plane control network should be adapted to local conditions, starting from current needs and giving appropriate consideration to development.
The establishment of the plane control network can adopt methods such as triangulation, traverse and trilateral surveying. For some special projects, the measurement method of the corner network can be adopted. The level division of the plane control network is divided into two, three, and four grades of triangulation and trilateral surveying, and one and two small triangles and small trilaterals, and traverse surveying is divided into three and four grades and one, two, and three grades. The adoption of each grade can be used as the first-level control of the survey area according to the needs of the project.
Under the condition that the accuracy index of this specification is met, it can be laid out across levels or expanded at the same level.
Article 2·1·2 The coordinate system of the plane control network should make the following choices under the condition that the projection length deformation value in the survey area is not greater than 2.5cm/km: 1. Adopt a unified Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt plane rectangular coordinate system; 2. Adopt a Gaussian conformal projection 3° belt or arbitrary belt plane rectangular coordinate system. The projection surface can adopt the 1985 national elevation datum, the survey area compensation elevation surface or the survey area average elevation surface.
3. A small survey area can be oriented by a simple method to establish an independent coordinate system; 4. In areas where there is an existing plane control network, the original coordinate system can be used; 5. The building coordinate system can be used in the factory area. (I) Main technical requirements for triangulation
Article 2·1·3
The main technical requirements for triangulation should comply with the provisions of Table 2·1·3.
The layout of the triangulation network (lock) shall meet the following requirements: Article 2.1.4
Engineering 2 Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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