This standard specifies the shielding performance requirements and test methods for X-ray protective materials. This standard applies to X-ray protective materials with tube voltages below 400kV. GB 16363-1996 X-ray protective materials shielding performance and test methods GB16363-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Shielding performance and test methods of protection material against X-rays1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the shielding performance requirements and test methods of X-ray protection materials. This standard is applicable to X-ray protection materials with tube voltage lower than 400kV. 2 Reference standards
GB2828 Count sampling procedure and sampling table for batch inspection (applicable to inspection of continuous batches)GB16363-1996
9 Count sampling procedure and sampling table for periodic inspection (applicable to inspection of production process stability)GB 2829
3 Terminology
3.1 Protective materials: In this standard, it refers to various types of protective materials specially used for X-rays with tube voltage below 400kV, such as lead rubber, lead plastic, lead glass, lead-containing organic glass, glass fiber reinforced plastic composite protective materials, rubber composite protective materials and protective materials for construction, etc. 3.2 Lead equivalent: Under the same irradiation conditions, the lead thickness with the same shielding ability as the tested protective material, the unit is millimeter lead (mmPb). 3.3 Specific lead equivalent: The lead equivalent of the protective material plate per unit (mm) thickness. 4 Shielding performance requirements
4.1 Lead equivalent X-ray shielding materials leaving the factory must be marked with their nominal lead equivalent, with an allowable error of 0 to +20%. 4.2 Non-uniformity The non-uniformity of the lead equivalent of the shielding material should not exceed ±10%. 4.3 Specific lead equivalent The specific lead equivalent of the X-ray shielding material must be the best combination of shielding performance, physical properties and performance. Appendix A (reference) lists the recommended values ​​of the specific lead equivalent of 7 types of shielding materials. 5 Test method
5.1 Determination of lead equivalent
5.1.1 Measurement geometric conditions
The positions of each measuring point are shown in the figure below.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 23, 1996, and implemented on December 1, 1996
GB16363-1996
Focal reference plane
Beam limiting device
Beam limiting plate
Far side of the sample
Reference point of the tester
Geometric conditions for lead equivalent measurement
K. -—Kerma rate of air at the point between the radiation source and the sample under test on the central axis of the primary beam, Gy·s-1, K. -—Kerma rate of air at the same distance from the radiation source as point K after attenuation by the beam limiting device, Gy·s-\; K. -—Kerma rate of air after attenuation by the sample under test, Gy·sl;K. —---In the primary beam, the air kerma rate at the same distance from the radiation source as Kis after being attenuated by the collimator beam limiter, Gy?sl;
K. —-The air kerma rate of the primary beam without attenuation, Gy·s-1;K; —-The air kerma rate of the primary beam after attenuation by the sample to be measured, Gy·s-1. b. The shielding performance of the beam limiter shall meet K. ≤0.05K. . c
The diameter of the collimator shall not be less than 100mm, and the shielding performance of its beam limiter shall meet K, ≤0.01Kis. 5.1.2 Position of the measuring probe
The distance W (see figure) between the measuring point and the adjacent wall or other object must not be less than 500mm. a.
b. When measuring the attenuation value, on the center line of the beam, the distance from the side of the sample to be measured away from the radiation source to the center point of the sensitive volume of the probe (see figure) is 50mm.
5.1.3 Measuring instruments
The detector should be an ionization chamber type X-ray dosimeter. a.
The angular response of the detector is within the test angle of 180°, and its measurement error can be ignored. b.
The energy response value of the detector between 40 and 400keV radiation energy shall not exceed ±20%. C.
The length and diameter of the sensitive volume of the detector shall not exceed 100mm. d.
The X-ray high voltage generator shall meet the requirements of the test tube voltage, and the actual value of the test tube voltage shall not be less than 90% of the specified test tube voltage.
f. The purity of the standard lead sheet shall be 99.99%, the thickness accuracy shall be ±0.01mm, and the fluctuation of repeated readings of the measuring instrument and device shall not exceed ±5% of the average value.
5.1.4 Filtering conditions
For X-ray shielding materials with tube voltage below 120kV (including 120kV), the test tube voltage is 80～120kV, and the total filtration is 2.5mmAl. For X-ray shielding materials with tube voltage above 120kV, the most commonly used tube voltage shall be used. The total filtration shall be in accordance with the provisions of Table 1.
5.1.5 Tested samples
Tube voltage, kv
GB16363--1996
The area of ​​the tested sample must not be less than 120mm×120mm. a.
Total filtration, mmCubZxz.net
When measuring the attenuation value, samples of various thicknesses can be obtained by superimposing several layers of samples of the same thickness or different thicknesses. b.
5.1.6 Measurement method
Use the standard lead sheet replacement method to measure the air kerma rate of the sample under test and the standard lead sheet after attenuation. Calculate the lead equivalent by drawing or least square method. When using standard lead sheets to measure the attenuation value, at least 3 standard lead sheets of different thicknesses should be used, and the thickness range should be able to cover the lead equivalent of the sample under test. Each standard lead sheet is measured 3 times and the average value is taken. 5.1.7 Representation method
The lead equivalent is represented by the lead element symbol and the thickness of the lead. At the same time, mark the line quality tube voltage kV and the total filtration mmAl or mmCu used to measure the lead equivalent. For example, 1 mmPb: 120 kV2.5 mmAl. 5.2 Determination of inhomogeneity
5.2.1 Determination method
On a 500mm×500mm sample, take five typical positions at the four corners and the center, test the lead equivalent of each point according to 5.1, and calculate the average value. The maximum deviation of each test point from the average value shall not exceed ±10%. 5.2.2 Expression method
The non-uniformity of the protective material is expressed by the average value and standard deviation of the sample. For example, (2.0±0.2) mmPb:100 kV 2.5 mmAl. 6 Inspection rules
6.1 X-ray protective materials shall be inspected by the technical inspection department of the manufacturer and can only be shipped after passing the inspection. 6.2 The inspection of X-ray protective materials is divided into batch inspection and periodic inspection. 6.3 Batch inspection
Batch inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB2828. 6.3.1 The normal inspection sampling plan shall be adopted. For batches below 100, 3~5 samples shall be randomly inspected. For batches above 100, the number of samples can be appropriately increased.
6.3.2 The inspection items are 4.1 and 4.2. 6.3.3 If all technical indicators of the sample are qualified, the inspection batch is judged as a qualified batch; if one technical indicator is unqualified, the inspection batch is judged as an unqualified batch, and the disposal method shall be implemented in accordance with Article 4.12 of GB2828. 6.4 Periodic inspection
6.4.1 Periodic inspection should be carried out in the following cases. Trial production and identification of new products or old products transferred to the factory for production; a.
GB16363-1996
After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, processes, etc., which may affect product performance: b.
When continuous normal production, an inspection should be carried out periodically (generally not more than 2 years); c.
When the factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection; when the national quality supervision agency proposes a requirement for periodic inspection. e.
6.4.2 The samples for periodic inspection should be drawn from a batch or batches manufactured in this cycle and qualified by batch inspection. The number of samples to be drawn is 3 pieces of any specification.
6.4.3 The items of periodic inspection shall include all items of batch inspection. 6.4.4 If all technical indicators in the sample are qualified, the periodic inspection of the product represented by the periodic inspection is judged to be qualified. Otherwise, the periodic inspection of the product represented by the periodic inspection is judged to be unqualified, and the disposal method shall be implemented in accordance with Article 4.12 of GB2829. 7 Marking
7.1 At the appropriate position of the X-ray shielding material, at least the following markings shall be placed: product name, model, specification, lead equivalent, date of manufacture, manufacturer name, etc.
7.2 The product should have a certificate of inspection and instructions. The certificate of inspection should have at least the following marks: product name, specifications, manufacturer name and address, and inspector code.
GB16363
Appendix A
Recommended values ​​of lead equivalent for several X-ray protection materials (reference)
Protective materials
Lead rubber
Lead glass
Lead-containing organic glass
Filled safety glass (semi-fluid composite) Rubber composite protective materials
Soft (for personal protective equipment)
Hard (for shielding plates)
Glass fiber reinforced plastic composite protective materials
Building protective materials (protective coatings, protective bricks and protective marble) lead equivalent"
mmPb/mm material
0.2~~0. 3
0. 17~ 0. 30
0. 01 ~0. 04
0. 07~0. 09
0. 15 ~~ 0. 25
0.30~0.50
0.15～0. 20
*X-ray line quality: 80~120kV2.5mmAl, the listed lead equivalent values ​​are the values ​​of the commonly used models of this type of protective material. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard is drafted by the Radiation Protection Equipment Protection Quality Monitoring Center of the Ministry of Health. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Danfeng, Guan Qingchao, Feng Tao, Meng Bin, Zhao Lancai, Song Wenfei, and Zhu Jianguo. This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Health's Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, the technical unit entrusted by the Ministry of Health. 157
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