NY/T 5124-2002 Technical specification for the production of jasmine flowers for pollution-free food tea
Some standard content:
ICS 65. 020. 20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5124—2002
Pollution-free food
Lily flower for cellar tea
Production technical regulations
2002-07-25 Issued
2002-09-01 Implementation
Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5124-2002
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. The drafting units of this standard are: Planting Management Bureau of Fujian Provincial Department of Agriculture, Ningde Tea Company of Fujian Province, and College of Horticulture of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University. The main drafters of this standard are: Gao Feng, Zheng Kanglin, Wu Hongxin, Yu Wenquan, Lai Mingzhi, and Sun Weijiang. 378
1 Scope
Pollution-free food
Jasmine for cellar tea
Production technical regulations
NY/T5124--2002
This standard specifies the basic requirements for pollution-free jasmine production, including site selection and planning, variety selection and breeding, planting management, soil management and fertilization, pest control and harvesting. This standard applies to the production of pollution-free jasmine for cellar tea. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated references, the latest versions shall apply to this standard. GB4285 Pesticide Safety Use Standard
GB/T8321 (all parts) Guidelines for Rational Use of Pesticides NY5123 Pollution-free Foods Environmental Conditions of Jasmine Flowers for Tea Production Areas 3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Biogenic Pesticides
Pesticides that directly use biologically active substances produced by living organisms or metabolic processes or substances extracted from organisms as pest control.
Safety Interval
The minimum number of days between the last application of pesticides on jasmine flowers and the harvesting and production of safe drinking jasmine flowers. 3.3
Also known as "leaf picking" or "leaf beating", it is a special measure for jasmine cultivation and management, that is, removing some of the leaves of jasmine to concentrate nutrients on the branches with vigorous growth, nurturing more flower buds, improving ventilation and light transmission, and inhibiting the spread of pests and diseases. 3.4
Fully opened flowers on jasmine trees.
Unmature jasmine buds.
NY/T 5124--2002
Peak season for jasmine harvesting.
4 Site selection and planning
4.1 Site selection
Choose a relatively high, dry, sunny plain or hilly land. The land should be flat, easy to drain and irrigate, with a low groundwater level, deep, loose, fertile soil, slightly acidic sandy or semi-sandy loam, and in accordance with the provisions of NY5123. 4.2 Site planning
4.2.1 Drainage and irrigation ditches should be opened around the site, and water storage pits should be built in sections, which should be connected to the ditches in the site to facilitate irrigation and drainage. 4.2.2 The width of the garden is 1m, the height of the garden is 25cm~30cm on flat land, 10cm~~15cm on sloping land, the width of the ditch is 30cm, and the soil on the garden surface is broken and leveled.
5 Variety selection and breeding
5.1 Variety selection
Choose disease-resistant, high-yield, high-quality single-petal or double-petal jasmine varieties suitable for local planting. When introducing varieties from other places, seedling quarantine must be carried out, and dangerous diseases and insects that have not yet occurred in the local area must not be brought in with the seedlings. 5.2 Seedling breeding
5.2.1 Selection of mother trees
Choose excellent jasmine trees with pure varieties, strong branches, and no diseases and insect pests. The most suitable ones are mature trees with an age of 3 to 6 years. 5.2.2 Seedling preparation
The seedbed should be selected in a plot with sufficient water source and convenient drainage and irrigation. It is advisable to use slightly acidic sandy loam with a soil pH of 6-6.5. The land needs to be plowed and leveled before pole insertion. The width of the surface is 100cm~110cm and the height is 20cm~25cm. 5.2.3 Cutting method
The cutting is 10cm~12cm long, with 2~3 internodes and axillary buds. The cut ends of the cutting should be about 1cm away from the axillary buds, leaving a pair of leaves at the top and cutting into a smooth slope. The cut end should be smooth. When cutting, avoid tearing and damaging the axillary buds. 5.2.4 Cutting
5.2.4.1 Cutting time
Spring cutting is more suitable from early to mid-March to early April, and autumn cutting is more suitable from mid-to-late October to early November after the flowering period. 5.2.4.2 Cutting method
Before cutting, water the seedbed thoroughly. When the soil is slightly dry, you can start cutting. Insert the cuttings directly into the seedbed with a row spacing of 6cm and a plant spacing of 3cm, leaving one section exposed. Slightly compact the topsoil while inserting, and shade and water after inserting. 5.3 Seedling management
5.3.1 Watering and drainage
Within a week after inserting, water once in the morning and evening on sunny days. After that, water as appropriate according to weather and soil conditions. After rooting, use furrow irrigation to keep the seedbed moist. Pay attention to clearing furrows and draining on rainy days. 5.3.2 Weeding
Remove weeds and diseased branches in time.
5.3.3 Specifications for seedlings going out of the nursery
After 4 months of cuttings, when the seedlings are 25cm to 30cm tall and have more than two branches at the base of the stem, they can be planted out of the nursery. Planting is required to be done as soon as the seedlings are removed. 6 Planting management
6.1 Planting time
It is best to plant autumn seedlings in early March to early April of the second year, and spring seedlings shall be planted according to 5.3.3. 380
NY/T 5124—2002
6.2 Planting method
In the garden, the row spacing is 50cm, the hole spacing is 40cm, and there are about 2500 holes per 667m2, with 2 to 3 seedlings planted in each hole. 6.3 Irrigation
After planting, water the roots sufficiently. Water frequently in the early stage of planting, and cover the surface with straw and other plant residues to improve the soil's ability to retain soil and water. When the jasmine garden encounters drought, it should be irrigated in time, and artificial sprinkler irrigation can also be used. 6.4 Leaf thinning
Flower clusters with many branches and dense leaves should be heavily thinned, that is, the whole leaf should be removed, and the petiole should be retained. Generally, only one-third of the total number of leaves should be removed. There is no need to thin the leaves of young jasmine. Leaf thinning should be carried out from bottom to top, and the principle of thinning the lower and leaving the upper should be followed. It should be carried out after each flowering season, and leaf thinning should be stopped in late August.
6.5 Pruning
6.5.1 In the young stage, it can be cut flatly 20cm to 30cm above the ground according to the specific tree condition, or two-thirds of the upper branches can be cut off. The time is preferably in late February on a sunny day.
6.5.2 In the mature stage, frost-damaged branches, diseased and insect-infested branches and grape branches should be pruned after early spring every year. 6.5.3 In the aging stage, the platform will be renewed, and the height of the platform will be 3cm to 5cm above the ground. - Generally, it is carried out from March to early April, and fertilizer and soil are applied immediately after pruning.
6.6 AntifreezewwW.bzxz.Net
In areas with light frost and short frost period, rice straw can be directly covered on the jasmine tree; in areas with heavy frost damage, the method of building a shed is adopted, and rice straw or plastic film can be used to build a shed to cover the heat and prevent frost; in severe cold flower areas, it is advisable to bury the soil for wintering. 7 Soil management and fertilization
7.1 Soil management
7.1.1 Before planting, deep plowing and sun drying should be carried out to improve soil structure and reduce pests and diseases. 7.1.2 In the early stage after planting, it is advisable to cover the surface with plant residues such as rice straw to improve the soil and water storage capacity of the garden. 7.1.3 Intertillage and weeding In the early stage after planting, shallow plowing is advisable, and weeds should be removed in time if there are any. Generally, intertillage and soil loosening and soil cultivation should be carried out 6 to 7 times or more throughout the year, combined with weed removal to avoid root damage. 7.2 Fertilization
7.2. 1 Base fertilizer
Apply sufficient base fertilizer before planting, and the application rate of high-quality farmyard manure per 667m2 shall not be less than 3000kg. Apply base fertilizer after the first intertillage, and apply 100kg to 150kg of decomposed cake fertilizer per 667m2. According to soil conditions, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in combination. 7.2.2 Topdressing
Use fully decomposed human and animal manure water with 3% superphosphate and 1% potassium sulfate. Apply thin fertilizer frequently, pay attention to applying less fertilizer to young trees and more fertilizer to strong trees. 7.2.3 Fertilizers that are not allowed to be used
Urban domestic garbage, sludge, industrial garbage containing excessive heavy metals and harmful substances, and organic fertilizers that have not been harmlessly treated should not be used in production. The hygiene standards for organic fertilizers are shown in Table 1. Table 1
Permissible content of pollutants in organic fertilizers
BHC
DDT
Concentration limit
Unit: mg/kg
NY/T 5124—2002
8 Pest and disease control
8.1 Principles of prevention and control
Follow the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive management", starting from the entire ecosystem of the jasmine garden, comprehensively apply various prevention and control measures, create environmental conditions that are not conducive to the growth of pests and diseases and weeds and are conducive to the growth of various natural enemies, maintain the balance of the jasmine garden ecosystem and the diversity of organisms, control various pests and diseases below the allowable economic value, and reduce pesticide residues to the range of prescribed standards. 8.2 Agricultural prevention and control
8.2.1 Selection of disease-resistant varieties
Jasmine varieties with strong resistance to local major pests and diseases should be selected. 8.2.2 Timely picking
Timely picking of damaged flower buds has a good control effect on jasmine leaves, jasmine buds, thrips, etc. living in the flower buds. 8.2.3 Reasonable pruning
Pruning can not only cultivate the crown, but also cut off pests living in tender leaves and flower buds, worsen the living environment of pests and diseases, and play a good prevention and control role. For example, the height of jasmine trees can be reasonably controlled to facilitate flower picking and reduce the harm of pests; after the flowering period, the crown modification can reduce the harm of jasmine and whiteflies.
8.2.4 Tillage of jasmine garden
In late autumn, tillage of jasmine garden can be combined with basal fertilizer application, which can also have a good control effect on lepidopteran pests that hibernate in the soil. 8.2.5 Timely garden cleaning
In late autumn, the fallen leaves near the root zone of the jasmine garden can be cleaned up and buried deep between the rows, which can effectively prevent and control leaf diseases and reduce the occurrence of pests that hibernate in the soil. Clean up the dead branches, fallen leaves and weeds and concentrate on harmless treatment. 8.3 Physical control
8.3.1 Light trapping
Use the phototaxis of pests, and light up the field to trap and kill them during the adult period to reduce the occurrence of field pests. 8.3.2 Artificial killing
For pests with less serious occurrence, obvious damage center and pseudo-death, artificial killing is adopted to reduce the damage. 8.3.3 Artificial weeding
Artificial weeding is recommended, and chemical herbicides are not used or used less. 8.4 Biological control
8.4.1 Protect and utilize natural enemies
Actively protect and utilize natural enemies to control diseases and insect pests. Such as spiders, insect bugs, ground beetles, ants and other predatory beneficial insects, as well as parasitic wasps and flies of bud insects and pupae.
8.4.2 Select biological pesticides
Biological pesticides such as microbial pesticides and botanical pesticides are preferred. 8.5 Control of major diseases and insect pests
When using pesticides for control, the application amount and safe interval should be strictly controlled in accordance with the requirements of GB4285.GB/T8321 (all parts). 8.6 It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic and high-residue pesticides. In the production of Jasmine Garden, it is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic and high-residue pesticides such as DDB, 666, parathion (1605), methyl parathion (methyl 1605), methylphosphine, acephate, omethoate, sodium pentachlorophenol, insecticide, carbofuran, trichloroacetate, isocarbophos, cypermethrin, levofloxacin and its mixture.
9 Harvesting
9.1 Harvesting standards
The flowers picked on the day are in bud, the corolla tube has been elongated, and the appearance is full, hypertrophic and white; the requirements for picking are that the flower has a flower vase and a pedicel, and no stems are included. Do not pick "white flowers" or "green buds".
9.2 Picking time
It is recommended to pick in the afternoon, when the flowers picked are of good quality and high yield. 9.3 Transportation of Jasmine Flowers
NY/T 5124--2002
Put the flowers in clean, well-ventilated bamboo baskets or baskets. During transportation, prevent the flowers from being squeezed, damaged, heated, deteriorated, or mixed with toxic or harmful substances.
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