This standard specifies the commonly used terms and definitions for standard samples. This standard applies to the development and use of standard samples, the preparation of technical documents related to standard samples, the formulation of relevant technical standards and the management of standard samples. GB/T 15000.2-1994 Guidelines for Standard Samples (2) Common Terms and Definitions for Standard Samples GB/T15000.2-1994 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the commonly used terms and definitions for standard samples. This standard applies to the development and use of standard samples, the preparation of technical documents related to standard samples, the formulation of relevant technical standards and the management of standard samples.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Directives for the work of reference materials (2)
Common terms and definitions of reference materialsbzxZ.net
Directives for the work of reference materials (2)The common terms and definitions nt reference materialsGB/T15000.2-94
This standard adopts the International Organization for Standardization Guide 30-1991& Common terms and definitions of standard samples\. This standard is a guideline for the definition of standard sample terms. It will help ensure the consistency of terms and definitions used by relevant industries across the country when developing and using standard samples. Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the common terms and definitions of standard samples. This standard is applicable to the development and use of standard samples, the preparation of technical documents related to standard samples, and the formulation of relevant technical standards and the management of standard samples.
2 Reference standards
GB/T 1.1 Guidelines for standard catalytic work General provisions for the preparation of standards GB/T15000.4 Guidelines for standard sample work 4) Regulations on the content of standard sample certificates 3 Terms related to samples
3.1 Sample sample
A representative part taken from a batch of materials. Note: The sampling method must ensure that the sample can represent the performance characteristics of the batch of materials to be studied. 3.2 Reference material (RM) A reference material is a batch of samples that have one or more chemical, physical, biological, engineering or sensory properties that are sufficiently uniform, have been technically evaluated and are accompanied by a certificate of relevant performance data. Note that a reference material can be a pure or mixed gas, liquid or solid, or a product or image. Most reference materials are batches or identifications, that is, a small part of a batch of materials that can meet the requirements is randomly selected, and it can represent the performance value of the entire batch of materials within the specified uncertainty limit. A few reference materials are single products that have been identified. Some reference materials cannot be described by established chemical structures and other reasons. Therefore, their properties cannot be expressed by composition, mass basis and quantity, nor can they be determined by strictly defined test methods. This type of reference material includes some physical properties, engineering or sensory standard samples. 3.3 Certified reference material (CRM) A certified reference material is a reference material that has one or more performance characteristics, has been technically evaluated, is accompanied by a certificate describing the above performance characteristics, and is approved by the national standardization management agency. 3.4 Characterization
For standard samples, it refers to the determination of one or more chemical, physical, biological, engineering or sensory properties related to their final use.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on March 11, 1994 and implemented on July 1, 1994
3.5 Homogeneity
GB/T15000.2-94
A state of materials with the same structure or composition and one or more properties. For samples with certain specifications, regardless of whether the standard samples are taken from the same packaging (such as bottles or bags), if the measured characteristic values ​​are within the specified uncertainty range after inspection, the standard samples are called homogeneous in terms of this characteristic. 3.6 Stability
The ability of the standard sample to maintain the performance value within the specified range within a specified time interval when stored under specified conditions.
3.7 Expiration
The date specified by the manufacturer and confirmed by the standardization agency. It refers to the final validity period of the sample when stored under specified conditions and can be used as a standard sample. It is provided to users together with the standard sample. 4 Terms related to measurement and testing
4.1 Certified value
This value is the value that has been verified by a technically effective procedure and confirmed in the certificate or other documents attached to the standard sample. 4.2 Unrertified value
This value is proposed by the manufacturer of the standard sample but has not been verified or determined. 4.3 Uncertainty
The part of the expression of the measurement result that specifies the range of the value. It indicates that the true value falls within this range with a given probability. 4.4 Accuracy
The degree of conformity between the measured value and the true value. 4.5 Laboratory test A series of determinations of one or more values ​​of a given material performed independently by several laboratories. Note that other terms may also be used, such as "round robin test", "collaborative comparative procedure test", "collaborative analytical research test". 5 Terms related to methods
Standard method reference nethod
A method used to determine a property of a material that has been thoroughly studied and clearly and strictly describes the required conditions and operating conditions. The method has been proven to have a precision and accuracy commensurate with the intended use. Therefore, the method is suitable for the determination of the value of a standard sample and can also be used to evaluate the accuracy of other methods used in the same determination process. 6 Terms related to determination and publication
6.1 Certificate of determination
A procedure for determining one or more measurement values ​​of a sample using a technically correct method. This level leads to the production of a standard sample certificate or corresponding documents.
6.2 Standard sample certificate reference certificate A technical document that describes the value of one or more performance characteristics of a standard sample. The content and format of the standard sample certificate are shown in GB/T 15000, 4. 6.3 Certificate report Provide the following detailed information and documents for the given standard sample as a supplement to the content of the standard sample certificate: such as the selection and preparation of the material, the determination method used to obtain the standard value: a summary of the results obtained (including an introduction to the various factors affecting the accuracy) and a statistical processing method describing the results, etc.
7 Other terms
7.1 Batch
GB/T 15000.2-94
A certain amount of a certain material developed by a research and development unit at the same time under the same conditions. Note: When the material is a standard sample, the developed or produced samples must be consistent to ensure the uniformity of the material. 7.2 (Quantity) value value (of quantity) The product of a numerical value and an appropriate measurement unit, used to express the size of an integer. 7.3 True value of a quantity The true value of a quantity when it can be determined completely and all measurement defects have been eliminated. 7.4 Systematic error An error in the process of repeatedly measuring the same given quantity that remains constant under the same conditions and varies in a predictable manner when the conditions change.
7.5 Random error An error in the process of repeatedly measuring the same given quantity that varies in an unpredictable manner under the same conditions. 7.6 Level of confidence The probability 1-α value associated with a confidence interval (or uncertainty range, see note) or a statistical tolerance interval. Note: In statistics, the uncertainty range is called the confidence interval and the uncertainty limit is called the confidence limit. 7.7 Precision
The degree of closeness between the results obtained from multiple experiments using the same experimental procedure under specified circumstances. Note: Precision depends on the distribution of random errors and does not involve "true precision". The accuracy is usually expressed as imprecision and calculated from the standard deviation of the results. A large standard deviation indicates a large imprecision. 7.8 Repeatability (of measures) The degree of agreement between the results obtained by the same measurer in the same laboratory, using the same measuring instrument and the same method within a short time interval. 7.9 Reproducibility (of measurements) The degree of agreement between the results obtained by different measurers in different laboratories, using different measuring methods and instruments, independently measuring the same quantity after a time interval much longer than the duration of a single measurement. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the State Administration of Technical Supervision: This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standard Samples. The Secretariat of the National Technical Committee for Standard Samples is responsible for drafting this standard. The main drafters of this standard are Zhang Yaoming, Chen Bainian and Pei Shan.
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