This standard specifies the environmental requirements and production management measures for pollution-free food kidney beans. This standard applies to the production of pollution-free food kidney beans. NY/T 5081-2002 Technical regulations for the production of pollution-free food kidney beans NY/T5081-2002 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the environmental requirements and production management measures for pollution-free food kidney beans. This standard applies to the production of pollution-free food kidney beans.

The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard.
GB 4285 Standard for safe use of pesticides
GB/T 8321 (all parts) Guidelines for the rational use of pesticides
NY 5010 Technical conditions for the production environment of pollution-free food vegetables
NY 5080-2002 Pollution-free food beans

ICS65.020.20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T5081-2002
Pollution-free Food
2002-07-25 Issued
Technical Regulations for Kidney Bean Production
2002-09-01 Implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
NY/T 5081--2002
This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China.
The drafting units of this standard are: National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Hebei Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Liaoning Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Crop Management Bureau of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Agriculture, and Vegetable and Flower Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main drafters of this standard are: Li Li, Wang Zhenzhuang, Cao Zhifu, Zhang Dechun, Zhao Jianyang, Li Jianwei, Zhao Yiping, Tian Mingjun, Zhang Zhibin, Zhao Shanpu, Zhang Zhenhe.
Technical regulations for pollution-free food, kidney beans production This standard specifies the production environment requirements and production management measures for pollution-free food kidney beans. This standard is applicable to the production of pollution-free food kidney beans. 2 Normative references
NY/T5081-—2002
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB4285 Pesticide Safety Use Standard
GB/T8321 (all parts) Guidelines for Rational Use of Pesticides NY5010 Technical Conditions for the Production Environment of Pollution-free Vegetables NY5080-2002 Pollution-free Beans
3 Production Environment
The production environment should comply with the provisions of NY5010. 4 Production Technology Management
4.1 Protection Facilities
The protection facilities used in bean production include: solar greenhouses, plastic sheds, hotbeds, and multi-layer covering insulation materials. 4.2 Cultivation Season
4.2.1 Early Spring Cultivation
The crop is planted about 30 days before the last frost and is put on the market in early summer. 4.2.2 Delayed Autumn Cultivation
The crop is planted in late summer and early autumn and is put on the market in late September and early October. 4.2.3 Spring and summer cultivation
After the late frost, plant the crops and market them in summer. 4.2.4 Summer and autumn cultivation
Summer seedling planting and market them in autumn. 4.2.5 Autumn and winter cropping
Autumn planting and market them in early winter.
4.3 Variety selection
Choose varieties that are disease-resistant, high-quality, high-yield, commercially available, and in line with the consumption habits of the target market. 4.4 Seedling cultivation (applicable to greenhouse cultivation)
4.4.1 Preparation before seedling cultivation
4.4.1.1 Seedling cultivation facilities: Depending on the season, greenhouses, sheds, hotbeds and other facilities are used for seedling cultivation. 4.4.1.2 Requirements for nutrient soil: pH 5.5~7.5, organic matter 2.5%~3%, available phosphorus 20mg/kg~40mg/kg, available potassium 100mg/kg~140mg/kg, alkaline nitrogen 120mg/kg~150mg/kg, comprehensive nutrients. Porosity is about 60%, the soil is loose, and the fertilizer and water retention performance is good. The prepared nutrient soil is evenly spread on the sowing bed with a thickness of 10cm. 4.4.1.3 Seed quality: The quality indicators of kidney bean seeds should meet the following requirements: purity ≥97%, cleanliness ≥98%, germination rate ≥95%, and moisture ≤12%. 4.4.1.4 Seed quantity: Seed quantity per 667m2 of planting area: 2.5kg~3kg for climbing seeds and 4kg~5kg for dwarf seeds. 4.4.1.5 Seed treatment: Kidney bean seeds should be air-dried before sowing. Kidney beans for seedling transplanting should be soaked in warm water. After drying, soak the seeds in 55°C water for 15 minutes, stirring constantly; let the water temperature drop to 30°C and continue soaking for 4h~~5h before removing and sowing. 4.4.1.6 Disinfection of seedling facilities: Kidney bean seedling facilities should be disinfected before seedling cultivation. 4.4.2 Sowing
4.4.2.1 Seedling transplanting: Sow the soaked seeds in the nutrient pots (bags), 2~3 seeds per pot (bag). 4.4.2.2 Direct seeding in the open field: Sow 3~4 dry seeds in holes according to the determined cultivation method and density. 4.4.3 Seedling management
Temperature: Kidney beans like warmth. The suitable temperature management indicators for each stage of the seedling stage are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Seedling temperature management indicators
Period.
Sowing ~ Even seedlings
Evening ~ Before hardening
4.4.3.2 Water: Water appropriately according to the cultivation season and picking conditions. Day temperature/C
4.4.3.3 Hardening: When raising and transplanting beans, cool down, ventilate, and control water to harden the seedlings 5 ​​days before transplanting. 4.4.3.4 Standards for strong seedlings: cotyledons are intact, the first compound leaf is just beginning to unfold, and there are no diseases and insect pests. 4.5 Preparation before transplanting (sowing)
4.5.1 Plot selection
Night temperature/℃
Plots with high and dry terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, low groundwater level, deep, loose and fertile soil, and no leguminous crops have been planted for more than three years should be selected.
4.5.2 Land preparation and basal fertilizer application
Determine the total amount of fertilizer according to soil fertility and target yield. All phosphate fertilizers are used as basal fertilizers, two-thirds of potassium fertilizers are used as basal fertilizers, and one-third of nitrogen fertilizers are used as basal fertilizers. The basal fertilizer is mainly high-quality farmyard manure, two-thirds of which are spread and one-third are applied in furrows, and they are applied in accordance with local planting habits. 4.6 Planting
4.6.1 Determination of the appropriate planting period
The lowest soil temperature of 10cm is stable above 12℃, which is the appropriate planting period for early spring bean cultivation. This is also the appropriate sowing period for spring and summer open-field bean cultivation.
4.6.2 Planting density
4500~5000 holes per 667m2 for dwarf species, 2~3 plants per hole. For open-field cultivation of creeping species, 2300~3000 holes per 667m2, 3~4 plants per hole; for large-scale facility cultivation, 2 plants per hole. 4.7 Field management
4.7.1 Shed temperature
4.7.1.1 Seedling stage: 20℃~~25℃ during the day, 18℃~12℃ at night. 4.7.1.2 Flowering and fruiting period: about 25℃ during the day, not less than 15℃ at night. 4.7.2 Humidity management
During the growth of kidney beans, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 65%~75%, and the appropriate relative humidity of the soil is 60%~70%. 4.7.3 Carbon dioxide
For facility cultivation, carbon dioxide can be added, with a concentration of 800mg/kg~1000mg/kg. 4.7.4 Fertilizer and water managementbzxz.net
According to the appearance of kidney beans and the length of the growth period, fertilization should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of balanced fertilization, and nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be applied multiple times in a timely manner. At the same time, trace element fertilizers should be sprayed in a targeted manner, and foliar fertilizers can be sprayed as needed to prevent premature aging. 4.7.5 Fertilizers not allowed to be used
NY/T 5081—2002
Urban garbage, sludge and organic fertilizer that have not been harmlessly treated and have excessive heavy metal content should not be used in production. 4.7.6 Plant adjustment
4.7.6.1 Frame or hanging vines: Protected areas should be planted with hanging vines, and open fields can use herringbone frames. 4.7.6.2 Intertillage: Intertillage and weeding should be carried out in time for cultivation without mulch film. 4.7.7 Harvesting
Harvest and market in accordance with NY5080.
4.7.8 Cleaning the field
Clean up the dead branches, diseased leaves, aging leaves and weeds in the bean field in time, and carry out harmless treatment in a centralized manner to keep the field clean. 4.7.9 Disease and Pest Control
4.7.9.1 Main Diseases and Pests
4.7.9.1.1 Main diseases: rust, wilt, powdery mildew, leaf spot, anthracnose, gray mold, bacterial blight. 4.7.9.1.2 Main pests: aphids, bean mites, red spiders, tea yellow mites, leaf miners. 4.7.9.2 Principles of Control
Follow the plant protection policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", adhere to the principle of harmless management of "agricultural control, physical control, biological control as the main, chemical control as the auxiliary".
4.7.9.3 Agricultural Control
Select disease-resistant varieties, implement crop rotation with non-leguminous crops for more than three years, cultivate high-yield crops, cover the ground with film, cultivate strong seedlings, apply more decomposed organic fertilizers, remove diseased plants, remove diseased leaves and pods in time, and keep the fields clean. 4.7.9.3.1 Select disease-resistant varieties: Select highly resistant and multi-resistant varieties for the main pests and diseases to be controlled locally. 4.7.9.3.2 Strictly disinfect seeds to reduce the risk of bacteria and diseases in seeds. 4.7.9.3.3 Cultivate disease-free and pest-free seedlings.
4.7.9.3.4. Create a suitable growth environment: control the temperature and air humidity, provide appropriate fertilizer and water, sufficient light and carbon dioxide, adjust the suitable temperature for different growth periods through ventilation and auxiliary heating, and avoid low temperature and high temperature obstacles. 4.7.9.4 Physical control
4.7.9.4.1 Facility protection: The ventilation outlets of large facilities are closed with insect-proof nets, and covered with plastic film, insect-proof nets and sunshade nets in summer to carry out rain shelter, sunshade and insect-proof cultivation to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. 4.7.9.4.2 Trapping and repelling: Yellow boards are used to trap and kill aphids and American leafminers in protected cultivation, and 30 to 40 yellow boards (25cm×40cm) are hung for every 667m2. Silver-gray mulch or silver-gray film strips are hung for open-field cultivation to repel aphids, and a frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamp is set up every 2hm2~~4hm2 to trap and kill pests.
4.7.9.5 Biological control
4.7.9.5.1 Natural enemies: Actively protect and utilize natural enemies to control pests and diseases. 4.7.9.5.2 Biological agents.
4.7.9.6 Chemical control
4.7.9.6.1 Chemical control should comply with the requirements of GB4285 and GB/T8321 (all parts). 4.7.9.6.2 Prohibited highly toxic pesticides: Highly toxic pesticides such as methyl parathion, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, phosphamidon, phorate, methyl isothion, terbufos, methyl thiocyanate, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, fenamiphos, etc. are not allowed to be used in production. 153
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