Some standard content:
ICS01.080.01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T23809--2009
Emergency guidance systems
Setting principles and requirements
Safety way guidance systems--Setting principles and requirements(IS016069:2004,Graphical symbols—Safety signsSafety way guidance 2009-05-06 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
2009-11-01 Implementation
1 Scope
Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Planning of emergency guidance systems (SWGS)
4.1 General requirements
4.2 Selection of elements
5 Basic design principles for SWGS
5.1 Design objectives
5.2 Consistency and clarity in the use of emergency guidance signs
5.3 Design principles for the use of different visual elements 6 Special requirements for electric light source elements
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Requirements for emergency guidance lines and high-level emergency guidance signs 6.3 Marking
6.4 Fire-fighting equipment, emergency equipment and safety equipment 6.5 Emergency power supply for electric light source elements and its operating conditions 6.6 Documentation 6.7 Inspection and maintenance
Special requirements for phosphorescent elements
General requirements
7.2 Phosphorescent elements and their locations in SWGS
7.3 Requirements for brightness of phosphorescent elements in SWGS
7.4 Width of low-level emergency guide lines
7.5 Lighting requirements
7.6 Inspection of lighting and brightness
7.7 Documentation and log
7.8 Inspection and maintenance
Appendix Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix)
SWGS Design Example
Laboratory Photopic Brightness Measurement of Phosphorescent Elements Appendix C (Informative Appendix) Field Measurement of Brightness Characteristics of Phosphorescent Elements References
Figure 1 Example of Emergency Guide Signs Set on the Ground Figure A.1 Design Example of T-shaped Intersection with Corridor Width Not Exceeding 2m and Length Not Exceeding 10m GB/T23809—2009
Figure A.2 Example of T-shaped Intersection with Corridor Width Not Exceeding 2m and Length Not Exceeding 10m Design example of T-junction in straight corridor (using illuminated protruding doors and T-junction) Figure A.3 Design of corridor with width exceeding 2m and equipped with low emergency guide lines on both sides 13
GB/T23809-2009
Figure A.4 Design example of T-junction in straight corridor with width exceeding 2m and with doors (demarcated by ground guide lines) Figure A.5 Design example of T-junction with width exceeding 2m and equipped with focused lighting on T-junction and doors Figure A.6 Design example of T-junction with width exceeding 2m and with doors and equipped with ground guide lines Example of T-junction design with guide line (with emergency guide sign) Figure A.7 (with more than one door) Straight corridor, example of T-junction design with continuous sign Figure A.8 Example of T-junction design with straight corridor not exceeding 2m, with high-positioned single-sided transmissive emergency guide sign providing focused lighting at the door
Figure A.9 Example of building feature sign and emergency guide sign through the door Figure A.10
Another example of building feature sign and full door frame sign design Figure A.11||tt| |Design example of emergency guide signs for bag-shaped corridors with a width not exceeding 2m Design example of intersections marked with ground emergency guide lines Design example of intersections with ground emergency guide lines with emergency guide signs Design example of intersections with emergency guide lines on walls Design example of ground emergency guide lines in open spaces with intersections Design example of open spaces with intersections and intersections with ground emergency guide lines Design example of different markings on stairs and handrails Design example of stairs with stair treads illuminated by light sources Design example of stairs with stair treads illuminated by low-level light sources on the wall Design example of emergency guide signs for slopes (horizontal changes) Design example of emergency guide signs for ramps (horizontal changes) Table 1 Examples of emergency guide signs alone or with auxiliary text Table 2 Minimum brightness requirements for delay characteristics
Table 3 Minimum brightness requirements for installation elements
GB/T23809-2009
This standard uses the redrafting method to modify and adopt ISO16069:2004 "Graphical Symbols for Safety Signs and Safety Guidance Systems (SWGS)".
Compared with ISO16069:2004, this standard has the following technical differences: GB2894 replaces the referenced document ISO7010 in the original international standard, and GB2894 is consistent with ISO7010 in relevant technical contents;
- Add the term "emergency guide sign"; - Change the Chinese font in Table 1 from "Songti" to "Boldti"; - Unify the relevant clauses in 5.3.4 and 6.4.3 as "emergency guide lines should help the public bypass obstacles"; - Change Appendices B and C in the original text from normative appendices to informative appendices, and change the relevant references in the text to "should". For ease of use, this standard also makes the following editorial changes to ISO16069:2004: - Since the GB/T15565 series of standards "Graphic Symbols Terms" already exists in the national standards and this series of standards covers most of the terms in ISO16069:2004, the terms that are repeated with GB/T15565 are deleted and replaced with reference documents;
- The English words in "Examples of Using Auxiliary Words" in Table 1 are changed to Chinese; - The "Evacuation Route Signs" and "Guide Signs" in the original text are unified as "Emergency Guide Signs"; the "Emergency Exit" in the original text is changed to "Safety Exit" - The "Human Figure" in Table 1 is modified to be consistent with the national standards; The layout design of all signs in the original text is unified according to the requirements of the national standards. Appendices A, B and C of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphic Symbols (SAC/TC59). The drafting units of this standard are: China National Institute of Standardization, State Council Emergency Management Office, Tianjin Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security, Standard and Quota Department of Ministry of Construction, State Administration of Work Safety, National Disaster Reduction Center of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Aviation Safety Technology Center of Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing Municipal Seismological Bureau.
The main drafters of this standard are: Zou Chuanyu, Bai Dianyi, Zhou Wei, Yao Songjing, Wei Ming, E Yanyun, Wu Jianan, Chen Yongquan, Liu Jiawei, Zhang Liang, Zhang Jingjun.
This standard is published for the first time.
GB/T23809—2009
With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing concentration of population, in order to protect the safety of life and property of the public, the demand for standardized emergency guidance system (SWGS) has also emerged. Standardized SWGS conveys necessary safety information, which can help the public to quickly evacuate dangerous areas, or help the public to quickly gather in designated safe areas in case of fire and other emergencies. Standardized and unified SWGS installation principles can better help the public identify and follow the guidance information about safe evacuation conveyed by SWGS. In addition, standardized SWGS helps firefighters and other rescue personnel evacuate people from dangerous areas in emergency situations.
In order to effectively convey emergency guidance information across language barriers, the SWGS in this standard uses graphic symbols and signs such as arrows that comply with national standards.
Evacuation route lighting is not part of SWGS, and SWGS is not intended to replace emergency evacuation lighting, so emergency evacuation lighting is not covered by this standard. Emergency evacuation lighting is not required in some situations, and SWGS will more effectively assist emergency evacuation in situations where emergency evacuation lighting is ineffective (such as smoke). However, it is generally recommended that SWGS be used in combination with evacuation route lighting so that the entire SWGS can play a greater role.
The purpose of this standard is to standardize the design of various elements used in SWGS. Using consistent design elements for design can enhance public awareness of SWGS and help the public quickly identify guidance information and evacuate the scene in an emergency. This standard does not cover risk assessment. Generally speaking, different types and layouts of SWGS are required for different risk situations. The specific practice and final design of SWGS should be undertaken by professionals. Principles and requirements for the setting of emergency guidance systems
GB/T23809-—2009
Important note: Although the colors in the printed version of this standard comply with (within the permissible deviation based on visual inspection) GB/T2893.1, but the printed version cannot be used for color matching. For color matching requirements, please refer to the provisions of the chromaticity and photometric properties of safety colors in GB/T2893.1 and the reference values of safety colors in the color system. 1 Scope
This standard specifies the principles and requirements for the planning, design and installation of emergency guidance systems (SWGS) in public buildings.
This standard applies to the design and installation of electric light source elements and phosphorescent elements in SWGS in public buildings, and also applies to the determination of different elements in SWGS based on the use environment, materials, design, installation and maintenance of SWGS. This standard does not apply to the design and installation of touch-type and auditory emergency facilities. It also does not apply to the design and installation of emergency lighting systems (especially the design and application of evacuation route lighting). Unless it is used for the lighting design of emergency equipment on evacuation routes or characteristic locations on evacuation routes (such as emergency exits or stairs).
This standard does not apply to the design and installation of SWGS on ships in waterways and sea transportation. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become clauses of this standard before being referenced by this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, all parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated references, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB/T2893.1 Graphical symbols Safety colors and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas (GB/T2893.1-2004, IS) 3864-1: 2002, MOD) GB2894 Safety signs and their use guidelines
GB/T15565 (all parts) Graphical symbol terms GB/T2900.65 Electrical terms Lighting (GBT2900.652004.IEC60050-8451987MOD) IEC60364-5-55 Electrical installations of buildings-Part 5-55: Selection and erection of electrical equipment-Other equipment (Electrical installations of buildings-Part 5-55: Selection and erection of electrical equipment-Other equipment))
IEC60598-2-22 Luminaires-Part 2-22: Particular requirements for emergency lighting luminaires (Luminaires-Part2-22: Particular requirements for emergency lighting luminaires requirementsLuminaires for emergency lighting)CIE Publication 69: 1987 Methods of characterizing illuminance meters and luminance meters: Performance, characteristics and specification (Methods of characterizing illuminance meters and luminance meters: Performance, characteristics and specification)3 Terms and definitions
GB/T15565 and GB/T2900.65 and the following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Emergency time period of use
Emergency guidance system The expected time for the emergency guidance system to function effectively. 1) IEC60364-5-55 and its separate amendments and its standard compilation are all valid. GB/T23809—2009
Emergency guidance signsafetydirectionsign A sign consisting of an arrow and a graphic sign of a safe exit and (or) text. 4
Planning of Emergency Guidance Systems (SWGS)
4.1 General requirements
Because SWGS are very complex and use a variety of elements, the following factors should be considered during the planning stage:- the expected number of people using the evacuation route;
the demographic characteristics of the occupants of the building;- the main types of activities performed by the occupants of the building;- the expected delay before the evacuation begins;- the type, size, use and location of the building;- the complexity of the evacuation route, the possibility of confusion caused by changes in direction and changes in floors;- the specific hazards that may be encountered;
- the specific hazards that require the use of the evacuation route;- the characteristics of existing emergency evacuation routes, such as floor plans;- the combination of elements used to disperse people in specific hazardous situations (such as smoke spread, earthquakes and encountering obstacles or congestion).
Note: Visual elements can be seen at a greater viewing distance in smoke conditions if the brightness or light intensity is higher. Background lighting in smoke conditions will obscure many elements and reduce visibility. For the above reasons, surface-illuminated transmissive elements have better visibility. 4.2
Selection of elements
When selecting elements for emergency guidance systems, the following should be considered: the need for high-level and low-level elements (key visual elements of SWGS); Note 1: The general design principle is that as brightness, brightness contrast and size increase, emergency guidance elements will become more prominent in the surrounding environment, and at the same time, signs and information will become clearer and easier to understand in the direction of sight. The minimum photometric characteristics and minimum size of elements specified in a standard: Note 2: In any case, the prominence, recognizability and clarity of the elements are proportional to the size, brightness and setting density of the elements. - Conditions for normal operation of phosphorescent elements in light environment; - Requirements for emergency backup power supply to automatically power electric light elements (such as lighting and signs) in case of normal power failure:
Requirements for high-level emergency guide signs to effectively evacuate the public in normal use and normal power failure;
- Minimum requirements for low-level and medium-level emergency guide signs and emergency guide lines to ensure the use of phosphorescent elements in dark environments after lighting failure and electric light elements in emergency time after power failure. According to this standard, the effective emergency time of the emergency guidance system should not be less than 60 minutes. 5 Basic design principles of SWGS
5.1 Design objectives
5.1.1 General design requirements
SWGS should provide consistent and continuous information so that the public can evacuate from the danger area to the assembly area in an orderly manner. Various emergency guidance elements can be used to convey emergency guidance information in accordance with this chapter, Chapter 6 and Chapter 7. 5.1.2 Continuity of evacuation routes
When setting the elements of SWGS, the continuity of the evacuation routes from the danger zone to the assembly area should be ensured. The visual continuity and prominence of the emergency guide line from the danger zone to the end of the evacuation route should be ensured, and the boundary of the evacuation route should be fully marked2
5.1.3 Visual reinforcement
GB/T23809—2009
Emergency guide signs should be set repeatedly at a certain interval, and the number of settings should ensure the consistency and continuity of information. The setting density and visual reinforcement degree of high-level, medium-level and low-level emergency guide signs should be determined according to the expected danger sources in the building. Low-level emergency guide signs should be set in combination with emergency guide lines or as close to emergency guide lines as possible. If feasible, high-level and medium-level emergency guide signs should be set repeatedly at low levels. 5.1.4 Selection of location
In principle, emergency guide lines should be set at low levels, and the observation distance should be greater than 30m, and the observation distance of emergency guide signs should be greater than 5m. In order to enhance the visual effect and help the public better identify the guide railings, handrails or other building components along the evacuation route, emergency guide signs and emergency guide lines can be added at a distance of 1.20m from the floor to enhance the visual effect of the evacuation route at a medium observation distance (10m20m).
The location of the high-level emergency guide signs should meet the requirements of observation from medium observation distance (10m~20m) to long distance (20m~30m). High-level emergency guide signs should indicate the bifurcation points or midway points along the evacuation route and the final destination. High-level emergency guide signs should be installed above the doors of all safety exits and terminal exits along the evacuation route. Emergency guide signs can be set in the area of 1.20m~1.80m high on the wall along the evacuation route to enhance the visual effect at a medium observation distance (10m~20m).
5.1.5 Visibility and color of elements
The color, shape and graphic symbols of all SWGS elements shall comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. In any environment that meets the design requirements, the brightness contrast between all elements of the enabled SWGS and the surrounding environment shall not be less than 3. Note 1: The color requirements of low-level and medium-level elements with brightness below 2cd/m2 refer to GB/T2893.1. Note 2: The color requirements for electric light source elements and non-electric light source elements are shown in Chapter 6 and Chapter 7. 5.1.6 Destination
SWGS elements should be used to highlight and emphasize the intermediate points on the evacuation route (such as safe exits, assembly areas, refuge areas on the evacuation route) and the final destination.
5.1.7 Avoid confusion of direction at nodes
SWGS should avoid providing multiple optional routes to avoid uncertainty and confusion during evacuation. When there are multiple routes from a node to the final destination and the distance is equal, emergency guidance signs should be set up before the node to encourage the public to evacuate along any route. 5.1.8 Pocket corridors
High, middle and low emergency guidance signs should be added before the entrance of the pocket corridor and in the pocket corridor to encourage the public to evacuate along the evacuation route away from the pocket corridor.
Note: For an example of SWGS design for a typical dead-end corridor, see Figure A.11 in Appendix A. 5.1.9 Reducing information interference and confusion
SWGS elements should be primary signs. The colors of public information signs and general building facility signs should be significantly different from the colors of SWGS elements on designated evacuation routes.
Note: Reducing information interference can be achieved by increasing the size, density and brightness of SWGS elements, or reducing the size and brightness of interfering information.
5.1.10 Multi-storey buildings
All stairwells in multi-storey buildings should be numbered. Floor plans should be provided on each floor or in the main corridor leading to the emergency exit to help determine the orientation.
5.1.11 Signs for the location of firefighting and emergency equipment The location of firefighting equipment and emergency equipment along or near the evacuation route should be marked using the relevant safety signs in GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. Directional signs with arrows should not be used to mark the location of equipment along or near the evacuation route. The areas around fire fighting equipment and emergency equipment may also be marked with relevant safety signs in accordance with GB/T2893.1. Note: These signs and markings provide auxiliary visual orientation information to the public. 3
GB/T23809—2009
5.2 Consistency and clarity in the use of emergency guidance signs 5.2.1 General requirements
SWGS designed in accordance with this standard shall comply with the requirements for emergency exit graphic signs and arrows in GB/T2893.1 and GB2894 (see Table 1).
The emergency exit graphic signs on all emergency exit doors along the evacuation route shall be equipped with an upward arrow to indicate "from here forward" Note 1: Auxiliary text will make the signs more eye-catching Note 2: The middle and low emergency guidance signs can be replaced by the arrow signs in ISO7010. Table 1 Examples of emergency guidance signs alone or with auxiliary text Meaning
Direction lower right (indicating floor
change)
Direction upper right (indicating
floor change)
Hanging in an open area
domain, indicating right front
Direction lower left (indicating floor
change)
Direction upper left (indicating
floor change)
Hanging in Open area
area, indicate left front
forward (indicate
direction of travel)
above the door·indicate
after passing through, go forward
(indicate
direction of travel)
forward upward (indicate
floor change)
right (indicate
direction of travel)
left (indicate
direction of travel)
down (indicate floor change)||t t||Only graphic symbols and arrows are used
Example of using auxiliary text
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Example of using bilingual auxiliary literature
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
Safety exit
5.2.2 Consistency of use
Figure 1 Example of emergency guide signs set on the ground GB/T 23809-—2009
Emergency guide signs (as shown in Table 1 and Figure 1) should be used only to indicate the direction of evacuation. Graphic symbols in all emergency directional signs (including high, middle and low positions) should be used in combination with arrows. The direction indicated by the arrow should be consistent with the evacuation direction. 5.2.3 Setting location
The exact meaning of emergency directional signs depends on the installation location. Appropriate emergency directional signs should be selected especially at locations where there are changes in direction, doors on the evacuation route, and evacuation to the upper floor of the building. 5.3 Design principles for using different visual elements 5.3.1 Design of SWGS to the nearest exit or safe area 5.3.1.1 General requirements
In the emergency time, emergency directional signs should provide clear and unambiguous directional information at all possible locations on the evacuation route and adjacent areas along the evacuation route. Emergency directional signs should extend to the safe area or assembly area. To avoid confusion and hesitation, the visual continuity of the emergency directional line should be ensured and the breakpoints should be reduced. The setting of SWGS elements should help avoid possible dangers. Note: Technical design parameters for individual elements are given in Chapters 6 and 7. 5.3.1.2 Emergency guidance signs
All exits used in emergency situations and key locations along the evacuation route should be equipped with safety exit signs at high positions to indicate the direction to the next safety exit, safety zone or assembly area, and also indicate the location of the evacuation route for adjacent areas. If the safety exit signs cannot be directly seen within the observation distance, a series of exit guidance signs should be set up to help guide the public to evacuate in the direction of the safety exit. The maximum spacing between the median emergency guidance signs should be 10m. 5.3.1.3 Emergency guidance lines and auxiliary direction arrows Emergency guidance lines should include the following elements:
Point light source: a series of light sources with a light emission area less than 100mm and arranged at a maximum interval of 0.2m: non-continuous light source: a series of light sources with a light emission area greater than or equal to 50mm×100mm, and a maximum interval arranged as required in 6.2.3;
Line light sources of different sizes and brightness: continuous emergency guidance lines. In addition to high-level emergency guide signs, emergency guide lines with directional information should be set up at low levels along the evacuation route to clearly indicate the evacuation route. The continuity of the emergency guide line should be maintained as much as possible. Except for locations with doors on the evacuation route, the width of the breakpoints of the emergency guide line should not be greater than 0.2m. When there are doors along the evacuation route, the maximum width of the breakpoints of the emergency guide line on the wall or on the ground can be 1m, or a continuous emergency guide line should be set up on the ground at the door. Emergency guide lines should not be marked on door leaves. When the emergency guide line on the wall is disconnected due to the intersection of corridors, it is advisable to add a ground emergency guide line or set an emergency guide line with emergency guide signs on the wall opposite the corridor
The maximum height of the low-level emergency guide line on the wall from the floor plane should be 0.4m. If the low-level emergency guide line on the wall has a breakpoint, a continuous ground emergency guide line can be set up at the breakpoint. The emergency guide signs in Table 1 and Figure 1 should be marked along the evacuation route at a maximum interval of 5m, and should also be marked at key locations (such as forks and locations where directions change).
When the emergency guide line on the ground is within 0.5m of the wall, the emergency guide sign is set directly on the wall. In this case, the height of the emergency guide sign from the floor plane should not be greater than 0.4m. 5
GB/T23809—2009
5.3.1.4 Marking of evacuation route boundaries
Emergency guide lines should be set on both sides of the evacuation route. For evacuation routes with a width of less than 2m, only one emergency guide line can be set. In this case, the emergency guide line can be set on the ground or on the wall. In rooms or open spaces, emergency guide lines should be set on both sides of the evacuation route, or emergency guide lines should be used to mark the passage through the area.
5.3.1.5 Marking of stairs, ramps and ladders Emergency guide lines should use wall markings to indicate the outline or slope of stairs, individual steps or ramps. The starting point, middle and end points of floor changes should be clearly marked. The horizontal parts of the staircase should be marked or illuminated, and the vertical parts of the staircase should also be marked or illuminated. Emergency guide lines should be provided on the handrails or central support parts of the staircase. 5.3.2 Marking of emergency exit doors
Doors along the evacuation route and terminal emergency exit doors should be marked. Door marking can be achieved by marking door frames, door handles and other opening facilities, or exit lighting. The door opening mechanism area, opening method and opening direction should be clearly marked. Note: The "push open" or "pull open" signs in GB13495 can be set on the door leaf to indicate the door opening direction. If emergency guide signs are provided in the door marking system, they should be set at the same height as the door opening mechanism. 5.3.3 Marking of fire-fighting equipment, emergency equipment and safety equipment and alarm devices Fire-fighting equipment safety signs and emergency equipment safety signs that meet the requirements of GB2894 should be set at the corresponding positions. Communication equipment used in emergency situations (such communication equipment should be located at each call point and telephone location) should be conspicuously marked with appropriate safety signs. The background area of the equipment should be marked or illuminated. 5.3.4 Identification of special hazardswww.bzxz.net
Warning signs should be set up. The location and type of hazards such as electrical equipment and pressure vessels should be marked with appropriate safety signs in GB/T2893.1. Obstacles in the evacuation route (such as wall protrusions, columns and equipment, etc.). Emergency guide lines should guide the public to bypass obstacles and protrusions. 5.3.5 Identification of assembly areas and safety areas
Appropriate safety signs should be set up in personnel assembly areas and safety areas in accordance with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. Emergency guide signs should guide the public to evacuate from exits and safety exits to assembly areas. 5.3.6 Setting of floor plans
Floor plans should be set up in conspicuous locations on each floor, providing orientation information, indicating evacuation routes and indicating evacuation routes to the nearest safety exits. Floor plans should be marked or illuminated.
5.3.7 Marking of barrier-free evacuation routes
If evacuation routes are specially designed according to the special needs of people with limited mobility, they should be specially marked. If shelters and equipment are specially provided for people with special needs, they should also be specially marked. 6 Special requirements for electric light source elements
6.1 General requirements
In addition to the main power supply, SWGS with electric light source elements should also be equipped with a backup power supply in case the main power supply fails. The backup power supply should be able to provide power supply to all electric light source elements of the SWGS during the emergency time to ensure the visibility of the key points. In addition, SWGS with electric light source elements should be able to be activated in various dangerous situations that may occur in the building. When the SWGS is activated, the minimum luminous intensity requirements of 6.2 should be achieved within 5 seconds. Note: The design basis of SWGS with electric light source elements is to ensure good visibility of all visual elements along the evacuation route and in the adjacent areas. This visibility depends on the lighting characteristics, location and geometric dimensions of the elements. On the basis of SWGS, flashing lights, sound (alarm) signals, dynamic systems with "animation effects" and remote-controlled emergency guide signs that provide safety information can be added.
6.2 Requirements for emergency guide lines and high-level emergency guide signs 6.2.1 Emergency guide lines composed of point light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The spacing between point light sources should not be greater than 200mm.
GB/T23809—2009
The luminous intensity of the point light source should not be less than 30mcd. If the conspicuousness in smoke and (or) bright environment is the primary consideration, the luminous intensity should not be less than 100mcd.
Note 1: The luminous intensity of the point light source can be generated by a cluster of point light sources. Emergency guide signs should be set near the emergency guide line or used in combination with it. Emergency guide signs composed of light sources should use the graphic symbols in GB2894 (see Table 1), and when set on the floor, use the signs in Figure 1. The setting height of emergency guide signs should be higher than 30mm. The minimum brightness of green shall be 20cd/m2. The contrasting color shall be white or black. When the contrasting color is white, its brightness shall be at least 5 times that of green. Note 2: The contrasting color black automatically contrasts with green. Emergency guide signs formed by point light sources can be used to illuminate the graphic symbols in emergency guide signs, and the graphic symbols shall comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1), or used to illuminate the signs on the floor (see Figure 1). The color of the point light source shall be green. The minimum side length of the graphic symbol shall be 80mm. The minimum spacing between point light sources shall be 5mm. 6.2.2 Emergency guide lines composed of line light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The brightness of the line light source of the emergency guide line shall not be less than 20cd/m2. In a dark environment and when smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness can be reduced to 2cd/m2.
To ensure the conspicuousness of the emergency guide line in a bright environment, the color of the emergency guide line shall be green (except when the background is green) or the brightness of the line light source shall be at least twice the ambient brightness. Adding a contrast tape with a width of at least 5mm on both sides of the line light source can also ensure that the emergency guide line forms sufficient contrast with the environment. If contrast tape is used, a black contrast tape should be used for a white line light source, and a black or white contrast tape should be used for a green line light source. The narrowest line light source should be 10mm.
Note: A 10mm line light source can be composed of two line light sources with a width of 5mm and a spacing of less than 1mm. Emergency guide signs can be set near the emergency guide line or used in combination with it. The minimum side length of a single emergency guide sign should be 30mm. If the width of the line light source is greater than or equal to 30mm, the graphic symbols of the emergency guide signs can also be set directly on the line light source. The graphic symbols of the emergency guide signs should use the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1), and when set on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used.
For emergency guide signs using white line light sources, the brightness of the white color should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. For emergency guide signs using green line light sources, the brightness of the green color should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. The contrasting color black may be used to replace the white color in the emergency guide signs.
Emergency guide signs consisting of point light sources in accordance with the provisions of 6.2.1 may be used. 6.2.3 Emergency guide lines consisting of non-continuous light sources The average brightness of non-continuous green light sources shall not be less than 20cd/m2. When in a dark environment and smoke is not a primary consideration, the brightness of green can be reduced to a minimum of 2cd/m. The contrasting color should be white and the brightness should be 5 times the brightness of green. The minimum luminous area of the non-continuous light source should be 50mm×100mm, and the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1) should be used. When set on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used. The maximum spacing of non-continuous light sources should be 4m. If the SWGS is required to be visible in a smoke environment, the maximum spacing should be reduced to 2m. If the location of the door causes a break of more than 2m in the emergency guide line, additional light sources should be immediately installed on the door side along the evacuation route. 6.2.4 High-position safety signs
High-position safety signs shall comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. If smoke and/or conspicuity in bright environments are the primary considerations, the average brightness of the white contrast color shall not be less than 500cd/m2 (in a smoke-free environment, the distance factor is 200). When used in conjunction with phosphorescent elements, the purple safety sign shall automatically dim in the dark environment in the event of a power failure to avoid glare and ensure visibility of the SWGS.1 General requirements
In addition to the main power supply, SWGS with electric light source elements should also be equipped with a backup power supply in case the main power supply fails. The backup power supply should be able to provide power supply to all electric light source elements of SWGS during the emergency time to ensure the visibility of the cables. In addition, SWGS with electric light source elements should be able to be activated in various dangerous situations that may occur in the building. When SWGS is activated, the minimum luminosity requirements of 6.2 should be achieved within 5 seconds. Note: The design basis of SWGS with electric light source elements is to ensure good visibility of all visual elements along the evacuation route and adjacent areas. This visibility depends on the lighting characteristics, location and geometric dimensions of the elements. Flashing lights, sound (alarm) signals, dynamic systems with "animation effects" and remote-controlled emergency guide signs that provide safety information can be added to SWGS.
6.2 Requirements for emergency guide lines and high-level emergency guide signs 6.2.1 Emergency guide lines composed of point light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The spacing between point light sources should not be greater than 200mm.
GB/T23809—2009
The luminous intensity of a point light source shall not be less than 30mcd. If conspicuity in smoke and/or bright environments is the primary consideration, the luminous intensity shall not be less than 100mcd.
Note 1: The luminous intensity of a point light source can be generated by a cluster of point light sources. Emergency guide signs should be located near or used in combination with emergency guide lines. Emergency guide signs consisting of luminous sources should use the graphic symbols in GB2894 (see Table 1), and when located on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used. The setting height of emergency guide signs should be higher than 30mm. The minimum brightness of green should be 20cd/m. The contrasting color should be white or black, and when the contrasting color is white, its brightness should be at least 5 times that of green. Note 2: The contrasting color black automatically contrasts with green. The emergency guide signs formed by point light sources can be used to illuminate the graphic symbols in the emergency guide signs, and the graphic symbols should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1), or used to illuminate the signs on the floor (see Figure 1). The color of the point light source should be green. The minimum side length of the graphic symbol should be 80mm. The minimum spacing between point light sources should be 5mm. 6.2.2 Emergency guide lines formed by line light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The brightness of the line light source of the emergency guide line should not be less than 20cd/m2. In a dark environment and when smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness can be reduced to 2cd/m.
To ensure the conspicuousness of the emergency guide line in a bright environment, the color of the emergency guide line should be green (except when the background is green) or the brightness of the line light source should be at least twice the ambient brightness. Adding a contrast tape with a width of at least 5mm on both sides of the line light source can also ensure that the emergency guide line forms a sufficient contrast with the environment. If contrast tape is used, a white line light source should use a black contrast tape, and a green line light source should use a black or white contrast tape. The narrowest line light source should be 10mm.
Note: A 10mm line light source can be composed of two line light sources with a width of 5mm and a spacing of less than 1mm. Emergency guide signs can be set near the emergency guide line or used in combination with it. The minimum side length of a single emergency guide sign should be 30mm. If the width of the line light source is greater than or equal to 30mm, the graphic symbols of the emergency guide sign can also be set directly on the line light source. The graphic symbols of the emergency guide sign should use the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1). When set on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used.
For emergency guide signs using white line light sources, the brightness of white should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. For emergency guide signs using green line light sources, the brightness of green should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. Black contrasting color can be used to replace the white in emergency guide signs.
Emergency guide signs composed of point light sources that meet the requirements of 6.2.1 can be used. 6.2.3 The average brightness of the non-continuous green light source of the emergency guide line composed of non-continuous light sources should not be less than 20cd/m2. When in a dark environment and smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness of green can be reduced to a minimum of 2cd/m. The contrasting color should be white and the brightness should be 5 times the brightness of green. The minimum luminous area of the non-continuous light source should be 50mm×100mm, and the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1) should be used. When it is set on the floor, the sign in Figure 1 should be used. The maximum spacing of non-continuous light sources should be 4m. If the SWGS is required to be visible in a smoke environment, the maximum spacing should be reduced to 2m. If the location of the door causes a break of more than 2m in the emergency guide line, additional light sources should be immediately installed on the door side along the evacuation route. 6.2.4 High-level safety signs
High-level safety signs should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. If smoke and (or) conspicuousness in a bright environment are the primary considerations, the average brightness of the white contrasting color should not be less than 500cd/m2 (in a smoke-free environment, the distance factor is 200). When used in conjunction with phosphorescent elements, the purple safety sign shall automatically dim in dark surroundings in the event of a power failure to avoid glare and ensure visibility of the SWGS.1 General requirements
In addition to the main power supply, SWGS with electric light source elements should also be equipped with a backup power supply in case the main power supply fails. The backup power supply should be able to provide power supply to all electric light source elements of SWGS during the emergency time to ensure the visibility of the cables. In addition, SWGS with electric light source elements should be able to be activated in various dangerous situations that may occur in the building. When SWGS is activated, the minimum luminosity requirements of 6.2 should be achieved within 5 seconds. Note: The design basis of SWGS with electric light source elements is to ensure good visibility of all visual elements along the evacuation route and adjacent areas. This visibility depends on the lighting characteristics, location and geometric dimensions of the elements. Flashing lights, sound (alarm) signals, dynamic systems with "animation effects" and remote-controlled emergency guide signs that provide safety information can be added to SWGS.
6.2 Requirements for emergency guide lines and high-level emergency guide signs 6.2.1 Emergency guide lines composed of point light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The spacing between point light sources should not be greater than 200mm.
GB/T23809—2009
The luminous intensity of a point light source shall not be less than 30mcd. If conspicuity in smoke and/or bright environments is the primary consideration, the luminous intensity shall not be less than 100mcd.
Note 1: The luminous intensity of a point light source can be generated by a cluster of point light sources. Emergency guide signs should be located near or used in combination with emergency guide lines. Emergency guide signs consisting of luminous sources should use the graphic symbols in GB2894 (see Table 1), and when located on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used. The setting height of emergency guide signs should be higher than 30mm. The minimum brightness of green should be 20cd/m. The contrasting color should be white or black, and when the contrasting color is white, its brightness should be at least 5 times that of green. Note 2: The contrasting color black automatically contrasts with green. The emergency guide signs formed by point light sources can be used to illuminate the graphic symbols in the emergency guide signs, and the graphic symbols should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1), or used to illuminate the signs on the floor (see Figure 1). The color of the point light source should be green. The minimum side length of the graphic symbol should be 80mm. The minimum spacing between point light sources should be 5mm. 6.2.2 Emergency guide lines formed by line light sources (assisted by emergency guide signs) The brightness of the line light source of the emergency guide line should not be less than 20cd/m2. In a dark environment and when smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness can be reduced to 2cd/m.
To ensure the conspicuousness of the emergency guide line in a bright environment, the color of the emergency guide line should be green (except when the background is green) or the brightness of the line light source should be at least twice the ambient brightness. Adding a contrast tape with a width of at least 5mm on both sides of the line light source can also ensure that the emergency guide line forms a sufficient contrast with the environment. If contrast tape is used, a white line light source should use a black contrast tape, and a green line light source should use a black or white contrast tape. The narrowest line light source should be 10mm.
Note: A 10mm line light source can be composed of two line light sources with a width of 5mm and a spacing of less than 1mm. Emergency guide signs can be set near the emergency guide line or used in combination with it. The minimum side length of a single emergency guide sign should be 30mm. If the width of the line light source is greater than or equal to 30mm, the graphic symbols of the emergency guide sign can also be set directly on the line light source. The graphic symbols of the emergency guide sign should use the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1). When set on the floor, the signs in Figure 1 should be used.
For emergency guide signs using white line light sources, the brightness of white should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. For emergency guide signs using green line light sources, the brightness of green should be at least the same as the brightness of the line light source. Black contrasting color can be used to replace the white in emergency guide signs.
Emergency guide signs composed of point light sources that meet the requirements of 6.2.1 can be used. 6.2.3 The average brightness of the non-continuous green light source of the emergency guide line composed of non-continuous light sources should not be less than 20cd/m2. When in a dark environment and smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness of green can be reduced to a minimum of 2cd/m. The contrasting color should be white and the brightness should be 5 times the brightness of green. The minimum luminous area of the non-continuous light source should be 50mm×100mm, and the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1) should be used. When it is set on the floor, the sign in Figure 1 should be used. The maximum spacing of non-continuous light sources should be 4m. If the SWGS is required to be visible in a smoke environment, the maximum spacing should be reduced to 2m. If the location of the door causes a break of more than 2m in the emergency guide line, additional light sources should be immediately installed on the door side along the evacuation route. 6.2.4 High-level safety signs
High-level safety signs should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. If smoke and (or) conspicuousness in a bright environment are the primary considerations, the average brightness of the white contrasting color should not be less than 500cd/m2 (in a smoke-free environment, the distance factor is 200). When used in conjunction with phosphorescent elements, the purple safety sign shall automatically dim in dark surroundings in the event of a power failure to avoid glare and ensure visibility of the SWGS.3 Emergency guide line composed of non-continuous light sources The average brightness of non-continuous green light sources should not be less than 20cd/m2. When in a dark environment and smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness of green can be reduced to 2cd/m2 at the lowest. The contrasting color should be white and the brightness should be 5 times that of green. The minimum luminous area of the non-continuous light source should be 50mm×100mm, and the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1) should be used. When it is set on the floor, the sign in Figure 1 should be used. The maximum spacing of non-continuous light sources should be 4m. If the SWGS is required to be visible in a smoke environment, the maximum spacing should be reduced to 2m. If the location of the door causes a break of more than 2m in the emergency guide line, additional light sources should be immediately installed on the door side along the evacuation route. 6.2.4 High-level safety signs
High-level safety signs should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. If smoke and/or visibility in bright environments are the primary considerations, the average brightness of the white contrast color should not be less than 500cd/m2 (in a smoke-free environment, the distance factor is 200). When used in conjunction with phosphorescent elements, the purple safety sign should automatically dim in the dark environment in the event of a power failure to avoid glare and ensure visibility of the SWGS.3 Emergency guide line composed of non-continuous light sources The average brightness of non-continuous green light sources should not be less than 20cd/m2. When in a dark environment and smoke is not the primary consideration, the brightness of green can be reduced to 2cd/m2 at the lowest. The contrasting color should be white and the brightness should be 5 times that of green. The minimum luminous area of the non-continuous light source should be 50mm×100mm, and the graphic symbols in GB/T2893.1 (see Table 1) should be used. When it is set on the floor, the sign in Figure 1 should be used. The maximum spacing of non-continuous light sources should be 4m. If the SWGS is required to be visible in a smoke environment, the maximum spacing should be reduced to 2m. If the location of the door causes a break of more than 2m in the emergency guide line, additional light sources should be immediately installed on the door side along the evacuation route. 6.2.4 High-level safety signs
High-level safety signs should comply with the requirements of GB/T2893.1 and GB2894. If smoke and/or visibility in bright environments are the primary considerations, the average brightness of the white contrast color should not be less than 500cd/m2 (in a smoke-free environment, the distance factor is 200). When used in conjunction with phosphorescent elements, the purple safety sign should automatically dim in the dark environment in the event of a power failure to avoid glare and ensure visibility of the SWGS.
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