This standard specifies the method for determining the viscosity of wood adhesives and resins. This standard is applicable to the determination of the viscosity of liquid adhesives and resins (phenolic, urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde resins) in the wood industry. GB/T 15028.2-1994 Motorcycle handling stability terminology wheels and tires GB/T15028.2-1994 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Terminology of controllabilityand stability-Wheels and tyres
Motorcycles--Terminology of controllabilityand stability-Wheels and tyres1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15028.2--94
This standard specifies the special terms for the coordinate system, variables, forces, coefficients and moments of wheels and tires of two-wheeled motorcycles and mopeds.
This standard is applicable to two-wheeled motorcycles and mopeds, and can also be used as a reference for other motorcycles. 2 Referenced standards
GB6326 Tire terms and definitions
GB/T15028.1 Motorcycle handling stability terms coordinate system and motion 3 Tire coordinate system and variables 3.1 Wheel planewheel plane
The center plane of the tire perpendicular to the wheel rotation axis. 3.2 Wheel centre wheel centre
The point of intersection of the wheel plane and the wheel axis of rotation. 3.3 Conventional centre of tyre contact The point of intersection of the projection of the wheel axis of rotation on the road surface plane and the wheel plane. Geometrical centre of tyre contact3.4
The geometrical centre of the road surface and the tyre footprint area. Effective centre of tyre contact3.5
The pressure centre within the road surface and the tyre footprint area. When the wheel rolls, the effective centre of the tyre footprint moves in the roll direction. Note: Due to the deformation of the tyre caused by the applied force, the effective centre of the tyre footprint is not necessarily the geometrical centre of the tyre footprint. 3.6 Horizontal tyre axis system (xt*ye,zt) is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 15028.1 (see Figure 1). Camber angle (y)
The angle between the wheel plane and the vertical plane (see Figure 1). 3.8 Tyre slip angle (α): The angle between the wheel's forward direction and the axle at the theoretical center of the tire footprint (see Figure 1). 3.9 Slip ratio (S): The ratio of the relative speed between the road surface and the tire to the tire's circumferential speed (when driving). The ratio of the relative speed between the road surface and the tire to the vehicle's forward speed (when braking).
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on April 4, 1994 174
Free of charge
Implemented on November 1, 1994
Driving
Braking
Where S-slip rate;
One side slip angle, rad;
GB/T 15028.2---94
Vtxcosα-
Vxcosa--V.
Vee cosa
Vx-forward speed of the wheel center, m/s; Vte-circumferential speed of the theoretical center of the tire footprint at the wheel center, m/s. 4 Forces applied to tyres and their coefficients 4.1 Tyre vertical load The component of the force acting on the tire from the road surface plane on the axle (see Figure 1). 4.2 Tyre lateral force The component of the force acting on the tyre in the plane of the road surface on the axis (see Figure 1). 4.3 Tyre longitudinal force The component of the force acting on the tyre in the plane of the road surface on the two axes (see Figure 1. 4.4 Tyre vertical stiffness (1)
When the camber angle is 0, the increment of vertical load corresponding to a unit increment of the distance between the theoretical center of the tyre footprint and the center of the wheel in the vertical direction.
4.5 Tyre lateral stiffness The increment of the tyre lateral force corresponding to a unit increment of the displacement of the wheel center in the axial direction relative to the support surface when the camber angle is 0° and the specified load is applied.
4.6 Driving force
The longitudinal force of the tyre generated in the positive direction of the axis by the actual driving torque. 4.7 Braking force force
Negative tire longitudinal force generated by the actual applied braking torque. 4.8conicityforce
The tire lateral force whose direction (relative to the horizontal tire coordinate system) changes with the direction of wheel rotation when the camber angle and the tire slip angle are 0°.
4.9plysteer force
The tire lateral force whose direction (relative to the horizontal tire coordinate system) does not change with the direction of wheel rotation when the camber angle and the tire slip angle are 0°.
4.10camber force(camber thrust)The tire lateral force acting on the tire and generating the camber angle when the tire slip angle is 0° and the cone force and the plysteer force have been subtracted. 4.11cornering force
When the camber angle is 0°, the horizontal component of the force acting on the wheel and causing the tire to produce a side slip angle is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wheel (see Figure 2).
4.12 Tyre side force The lateral force of the tire when the camber angle is 0° and the coning force and the deflection force have been subtracted (see Figure 2). 4.13 Traction force
The vector resultant of the tire forces in the direction of travel of the wheel at the effective center of the tire footprint. The traction force is equal to the sum of the tire longitudinal force multiplied by the sine of the tire's side slip angle.
4.14 Traction resistance
Equal to the negative traction force (see Figure 2).
4.15 Rolling resistance resistance is in accordance with the provisions of 10.14 of GB6326.
GB/T 15028.2--94
4. 16 Rolling resistance coefficient Rolling resistance coefficient The ratio of rolling resistance to the vertical load of the tire. 4.17 Camber stiffness The ratio of the tire lateral force variable to the camber angle variable (usually refers to the measured value when the camber angle and the sideslip angle are 0°). 4.18 Camber stiffness coefficient The ratio of the camber stiffness to the vertical load when the tire is free to roll in a straight line. 9 Cornering stiffness 4.19
The ratio of the tire lateral force variable to the sideslip angle variable (usually refers to the measured value when the tire sideslip angle and the camber angle are 0°). Cornering stiffness system cornering stiffness coefficent 4.20
The ratio of the cornering stiffness to the vertical load when the tire is free to roll in a straight line. 4.21
Pneumatic trail
The horizontal distance between the theoretical center of the tire footprint and the point where the tire lateral force acts. Tyre lag
The delay in the change of the tire lateral force caused by the change of the tire's sideslip angle or camber angle. Relaxation length
The distance traveled during the tire lag.
Note: The distance that the tire rolls when the tire lateral force changes to 63.2% of the steady-state value when the tire's sideslip angle and/or camber angle changes in a stepwise manner from 0° is usually defined as the relaxation length.
5 Tire moments applied to tyres5.1 Overturning moment The moment applied to the tire by the road surface plane, the component in the axial direction. 5.2 Rolling resistance moment The moment of the tire caused by rolling resistance, the component in the axial direction. 5.3
Camber torque
When the tire slip angle is 0°, the component of some torque acting on the wheel from the road plane and generating the camber angle in the axial direction. 5.4
Aligning torque
The component of the tire torque that causes the tire to rotate around the z-axis. 176
Downward reduction
Tire lateral force
Rolling resistance
Most travel torque
Lubricating resistance
GB/T 15028.2—94
Vertical load on tire
Aligning torque
External toning torque
External jaw angle
Wheel plane
Rolling resistance
Aligning torque
Cornering force
Transverse force of tire
Direction of wheel travel
Slip angle of tire
Axis of rotation
Longitudinal force of tire
Direction of wheel travel
Slip angle of tire
Cornering stiffness
Cornering stiffness coefficient
Cornering forcebzxz.net
Wheel plane
Wheel center
Rolling resistance
Rolling resistance torque·
Rolling resistance coefficient
Slip rate
Aligning torque·||t t||Tire slip angle
Tire lateral stiffness
Tire lateral force
Tire vertical stiffness
Tire vertical load
Tire lateral force
Tire torque
Forces on tire and their coefficients
Tire horizontal coordinate system
Tire trail
.......
Geometric center of tire footprint
Theoretical center of tire footprint
Et+Yt+zt
Effective center of tire footprint·
Tire hysteresis
Tire longitudinal force
Guo Guodian
Tire coordinate system and variables·
Deflection force
Traction force
Traction resistance
, 178
GB/T 15028.2—94
Appendix A
Chinese index (sorted by Chinese pinyin)
(supplement)
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force (camber thrust)
Camber moment·
Braking force
Conical force,
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force (camber thrust) thrust)
camber stiffness
camber stiffness coefficientcamber torque
conicity force -..
o00oe0
conventional centre of tyre contactcornering force
cornering stiffness
cornering stiffness coefficientdrag force
driving force
effective centre of tyre contactGB/T 15028.2—94
Electrical products email center
Appendix B
English index
(supplement)
Center
Center
Center
.... 4.8
GB/T 15028.2-94
forces applied to tyres and their coefficientsG
geometrical center of tyre contactH
horizontal tyre axis system
moments applied to tyres
overturning moment
plysteer force
pneumatic trail
relaxation length
rolling resistance
tt+yt+
rolling resistance ....rolling resistance moment
slip ratio
tractive force
tyre axis system and variablestyre lag
China camp
tyre lateral force
tyre lateral stiffness
tyre longitudinal coefficient force
tyre side force
tyre slip angle
tyre vertical load
tyre vertical stiffness
wheel centre
wheel plane
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Additional remarks:
GB/T 15028.2—94
This standard is proposed by China National Automotive Industry Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automotive Standardization. This standard is drafted by the Ordnance Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Han Huirong and Gao Yudong. Standard search
various standard lines2—94
Appendix A
Chinese index (sorted by Chinese pinyin)
(supplement)
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force(camber thrust)
Camber moment·
Braking force
Conical force,
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force(camber thrust)
camber stiffness
camber stiffness coefficientcamber torque
conicity force -..
o00oe0
conventional centre of tyre contactcornering force
cornering stiffness
cornering stiffness coefficientdrag force
driving force
effective centre of tyre contactGB/T 15028.2—94
Electronic products email center
Appendix B
English index
(Supplement)
Centre of tyres
Centre of tyres
.... 4.8
GB/T 15028.2-94
forces applied to tyres and their coefficientsG
geometrical center of tyre contactH
horizontal tyre axis system
moments applied to tyres
overturning moment
plysteer force
pneumatic trail
relaxation length
rolling resistance
tt+yt+
rolling resistance coefficient ....rolling resistance moment
slip ratio
tractive force
tyre axis system and variablestyre lag
China camp
tyre lateral force
tyre lateral stiffness
tyre force longitudinal force
tyre side force
tyre slip angle
tyre verticai load
tyre vertical Stiffness
Wheel centre
Wheel plane
Industry capital water free of charge
Additional remarks:
GB/T 15028.2—94
This standard is proposed by China National Automotive Industry Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automobile Standardization. This standard is drafted by the Ordnance Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Han Huirong and Gao Yudong. Standard search
Each meaning standard line2—94
Appendix A
Chinese index (sorted by Chinese pinyin)
(supplement)
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force(camber thrust)
Camber moment·
Braking force
Conical force,
Aligning torqu
braking force
Camber angle y
Camber force(camber thrust)
camber stiffness
camber stiffness coefficientcamber torque
conicity force -..
o00oe0
conventional centre of tyre contactcornering force
cornering stiffness
cornering stiffness coefficientdrag force
driving force
effective centre of tyre contactGB/T 15028.2—94
Electronic products email center
Appendix B
English index
(Supplement)
Centre of tyres
Centre of tyres
.... 4.8
GB/T 15028.2-94
forces applied to tyres and their coefficientsG
geometrical center of tyre contactH
horizontal tyre axis system
moments applied to tyres
overturning moment
plysteer force
pneumatic trail
relaxation length
rolling resistance
tt+yt+
rolling resistance coefficient ....rolling resistance moment
slip ratio
tractive force
tyre axis system and variablestyre lag
China camp
tyre lateral force
tyre lateral stiffness
tyre force longitudinal force
tyre side force
tyre slip angle
tyre verticai load
tyre vertical Stiffness
Wheel centre
Wheel plane
Industry capital water free of charge
Additional remarks:
GB/T 15028.2—94
This standard is proposed by China National Automotive Industry Corporation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automobile Standardization. This standard is drafted by the Ordnance Standardization Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Han Huirong and Gao Yudong. Standard search
Various meanings of standard practice
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