Standard number: MZ/T 126-2019 Standard name: Guidelines for the translation of foreign geographical names into Chinese characters: Burmese English name: Transformation guidelines of geographical names from foreign languages ​​into Chinese: Burmese Standard format: PDF Release time: 2019-04-30 Implementation time: 2019-04-30 Standard size: 838K Standard introduction: 1 Scope This guideline stipulates the rules for the translation of Burmese geographical names into Chinese characters This guideline is applicable to the translation of Burmese geographical names into Chinese characters. 2 Normative referenced documents The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document: For any referenced document with a date, only the version with the date noted is applicable to this article document. For any undated referenced document, its latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document GB/T17693.1-2008 Guidelines for the Chinese translation of foreign geographical names English 3 Terms and definitions Terms and definitions determined in GB/T17693.1-2008 apply to this part. For ease of use, some terms and definitions in GB/ 17693,1-2008 are repeated below Geographical names Proper names given to various geographical entities. [GBT17693.1-2008,Definition 21] Specific terms Terms used to distinguish individual geographical entities in a geographical name [GBT17693.1-2008,Definition 2.2] Generic terms Terms used to distinguish categories of geographical entities in a geographical name. GBT176931-2008,Definition 2.3] Generic terms used as specific terms Natural geographical names converted into specific components GBT176931-2008,Definition 24]
This guideline specifies the rules for the Chinese translation of Burmese geographical names. This guideline applies to the Chinese translation of Burmese geographical names.

ICS01.040.03
Civil Affairs Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
MZ/T126—2019
Transformation guidelines of geographical names fromforeign languages ​​into Chinese:BurmeseIndustry Standard Information Service Platform
Published on April 30, 2019
Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on April 30, 2019
Normative reference documents
Terms and definitions
5 Rules
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
Appendix B (Normative Appendix)
Appendix C (Normative Appendix)
Appendix D (Normative Appendix)
Appendix E (Informative Appendix)
Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names
Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names
Table of commonly used modifiers in Burmese place names
Table of commonly used common names in Burmese place names
Translation comparison table of Burmese letters and Roman letters MZ/T1262019
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This standard is proposed by the Division of Regional Division and Place Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Place Names (SAC/TC233). Drafting units of this standard: Division of Regional Division and Place Names of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, 61363 troops. MZ/T1262019
Main drafters of this standard: Huang Yunxiang, Yang Yeyu, Fu Haojun, Cao Lei, Yang Fan, Xiang Zhujun, Liu Baosheng, Li Xiao, Chen Xin, Wang Xu, Song Huabiao.
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1 Scope
Guidelines for the Chinese Translation of Foreign Place Names Burmese
This guideline specifies the rules for the Chinese translation of Burmese place names. This guideline applies to the translation of Burmese place names into Chinese characters. Normative References
MZ/T1262019
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the version with the date is applicable to this document. For any undated referenced document, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document. GB/T17693.1-2008 Guidelines for the Chinese Translation of Foreign Place Names English Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions determined in GB/T17693.1-2008 apply to this part. For ease of use, some terms and definitions in GB/T17693.1-2008 are repeated below. 3.1
geographical names
业初信息展服务平台
Special names given to various geographical entities. [GB/T17693.1-2008, definition 2.1]
Specific terns
[GB/T17693.1-2008, definition 2.2]
Generic terms
Words used to distinguish the categories of geographical entities in geographical names. [GB/T17693.1-2008, definition 2.3]
Generic terms used as specific terms are natural geographical names converted into specific terms. [GB/T17693.1-2008, definition 2.4]
MZ/T1262019
Transformation of geographic names from foreign languages ​​into Chinese Use Chinese characters to write geographical names in other languages.
[GB/T17693.1-2008, definition 2.5]
4 General Principles
4.1 Proper geographical names should be transliterated.
4.2 Common geographical names should be translated into meanings.
4.3 Place names with customary Chinese translations and names named after common names of people will continue to be used, and their derived place names with the same name and translation will continue to be used. Place names with high popularity and commonly used by Chinese people will continue to be used.
4.4 In principle, the translation of place names shall adopt the standard place names in the country's latest published maps, place name directories, place name dictionaries, place name records and other documents. 4.5 The Chinese characters used in the translation of Burmese place names shall be based on the "Burmese-Chinese Transliteration Table" (see Table 1). Industry Standard Information Service Platform
G3S163005
30130051G301
Roman letters
a ad ag ah
ak aparas
aeai aikay
aing eung
yaingain
ahn al am
an ane ant
angaum
aun aung
awmdwn
aoauaug
aukaulaw
awhawk
eeheieik
eip eit ek el
eineingem
eeiigikir
itiyyyit
Table 1 Burmese-Chinese transliteration table
Jiao (Jue)
Zhen (Zhen)
(Hai)
(Ma)
(Mao)
Na (Na)
Nan (Nan)
Nan (Nan)
Ni (Ni)
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il im in ine
ing inh yil
ood oe oh
ok oke ol
oporow
ohnomon
oneoung
owngung
ooootuuk
upus ut wu
uin uing
oawawak
uiwaywe
uin um un
Note 1: The pronunciation of Chinese characters shall be based on the pronunciation of Putonghua. in
(吴)
(波)
Note 2: The writing of Chinese characters shall be based on the general standard Chinese characters announced by the State Language and Writing Committee. 漂
Note 3: The Chinese character at the intersection of the vertical line of consonants and the horizontal line of vowels is the transliterated Chinese character of the pronunciation of the consonant and vowel. When a vowel forms a syllable by itself, it is translated using the Chinese characters in the vowel zero row in Table 1: When a consonant is pronounced alone, it is translated using the Chinese characters in the consonant zero row in Table 1. When "西" appears at the beginning of a place name, it is translated using "栋", "楠", "锡"; when "海" appears at the end of a place name, it is translated using "亥". Note 4: If the Chinese character translation results in a literal meaning, it is translated using the homophone of the syllable. "东" and "南"
Note 5: The Chinese characters in the parentheses in the table are used to translate personal names, and Chinese characters such as "雅", "娜", "琳", "妮", and "珍" are used for place names named after female names. Service Platform
Note 6: "弗" is used as the initial of the translated name:
"夫" is used as the final of the translated name
(信)
(信)
MZ/T126—2019
5 Rules
5.1 Chinese character translation of place names and proper names
5.1.1 Proper names (including proper names) are generally transliterated. The syllable separation of proper names is generally composed of consonants (combinations) + vowels (combinations). 5.1.2
MZ/T1262019
The connecting symbol "一" is deleted during translation, and the syllable after the connecting word is pronounced separately, generally not combined with the preceding letters. Two identical consonants are translated as one consonant (except for those that can be spelled with the preceding and following letters respectively). The consonant f can be spelled according to the pronunciation of the International Phonetic Alphabet
The final consonants t, p, k, h, and r are not translated.
The vowels t, k, p, and h are not pronounced when followed by a consonant. (mong can also be transcribed as maing) are all translated as "Meng" in Shan State. 8
The commonly used words in proper names are translated according to the fixed translation method (see Appendix A). The proper names named after the names of people with titles or appellations are translated according to the table of commonly used names and appellations (see Appendix B). The modifiers in proper names (such as those indicating direction, size, etc.) are translated in a literal way (see Appendix C). Uncommon Chinese place names are usually no longer retained and are retranslated according to Table 1: For some Chinese place names that have been widely used and have certain historical significance, their Chinese place names can be marked in brackets after the translated names. Common names can be used as adverbs and annotated after the translated names. 5.1.13
Examples of Chinese translation of place names and proper nouns are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Examples of Translation of Burmese Place Names and Proper Nouns
Burmese
ces rc
6383 6o88
Romanization
NamHat
Hkanam
Kyangin(Kyan-gin)
Gyingyi(Gyin-gyi)
Tuna(Tu-na)
Monyin(Mo-nyin)
Tada-u
Myauk-u
Aung-eHka
Pirie-n
Hpatta
Mugafi Pass
HpetNim
Mintamh
Aingmap
Auktaung
Kyetmyon
Kyanhnyat
Dadawu
Binlain
Mugaffi Pass
Jemion
Kenya
Burmese
Gmpos l
2 Chinese translation of common place names
Table 2 (continued)
Romanization
MongNawng
MaingLan
Chaungma
Shwegon
Nyaungu
Allanmyo
HtunKhin
Thakin Chaung
Kyetmyon (Atet)
Kyanhnyat(Anauk)
Monywa
Kyauktaga
Kyaiklat
MoktamaKwe
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Monnan(Shan State)
Monlan(Shan State)
Deqin River
Jemion(Upper)
Kyanhnyat(West)
Monywa(Wangsu)
Kyauktaga(Called Zhiya)
Zhaila(Kila)
Motama Bay(Gulf of Martaban)
5.2.1 The common name is generally translated (see Appendix D), and the common names at the village level com (daw), 8p (ywa), os (ywathit)
S: (ywahaung) are generally transliterated. When the common name is a word with multiple meanings, the translation should be based on the category of the geographical entity referred to by the common name. apeoe
When the proper name is monosyllabic, no matter whether the common name is before or after the proper name, the common name is transliterated and translated. 5.2.2
When there is only a proper name and it is monosyllabic, it can be split into two characters or the geographical common name can be added according to its geographical attributes. When the proper name is not monosyllabic, if the common name is at the beginning or end of the word, the common name is translated: if the common name is in the word, the common name is transliterated and translated. 5.2.5 If the word in the proper name is the same as the common name, the word in the proper name is transliterated and the common name is translated. If a place name has a common name in two or more languages ​​(official language and minority language), the common name in the official language shall be translated literal, and the common name in the minority language shall be transliterated phonetically.
5.2.7 If there are two common names with different attributes in a place name, they should be translated according to the specific geographical entity type. 5.2.8
When the geographical entity name is only a proper name, the corresponding common name shall be added when it is translated into Chinese characters. See Table 3 for examples of Chinese translation of common names of place names. Table 3 Example of writing common names of Burmese place names
Burmese
Go0s :8
$8. 0s E8
coscqpe
Luo Yumu Korean writing
Daw Pa Saing
TeinSinYwahaung
Pwe Gyit Ywa thit
PumHpe
Tawng Hka
Nam Hat
Hpet Chaung
Daodianpiao
Dengxuegaowahang
Bekiyowajin
Benpeshan
Dangka River
Namha River
Peimei River
Burmese
$o. @ os cqps | tt||Kya De
Wenkang Mountain
Lake Lahaji
Kintun Kalaw River
Dangni Mountain
Sangkaang River
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Namlan River (Nam means river in Shan language, Myid means river in Burmese)
Nangang River (Nam means river in Shan language, Chaung means river in Burmese)Madai Zun River
Jiadai Mountain
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Burmese
Romanization
byaing
nyaung
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names
Table A.1 Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names Transliteration
Burmese
Romanization
chaung
hkwang
MZ/T126—2019
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Burmese
Romanization
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Table B.1 Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Chinese
Teacher, Master
Burmese
Romanization
Sawboa, Sawbwa
Saopya, Sawhpya
Thakin
Bogyout
MZ/T1262019
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Thakin
Bogyout
MZ/T1262019
Industry Standard Information Service PlatformSawhpya
Thakin
Bogyout
MZ/T1262019
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coscqpe
Luo Yumu Korean
Daw Pa Saing
TeinSinYwahaung
Pwe Gyit Ywa thit
PumHpe
Tawng Hka
Nam Hat
Hpet Chaung
Daodianpiao
Dengxuegaowahang
Beijiyuwajin
Benpeshan
Dangka River
Namha River
Peimei River
Burmese
$o. @ os cqps
Table 3 (continued)
Romanization
Noi WingKhang
La Ha Gyi In
Kying Htum Hka Raw
Taung Ni Taung
Sawng Hka-awn Hka
Nam Lan Myid
Nam Kawng Chaung
Made Kyun Chaung
Kya De
Wenkang Mountain
Lake Lahaji
Kintun Kalaw River
Dangni Mountain
Sangkaang River
MZ/T1262019
Namlan River (Nam means river in Shan language, Myid means river in Burmese)
Nangang River (Nam means river in Shan language, Chaung means river in Burmese)Madai Zun River
Jiadai Mountain
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Burmese
Romanization
byaing
nyaung
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names
Table A.1 Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names Transliteration
Burmese
Romanization
chaung
hkwang
MZ/T126—2019
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Burmese
Romanization
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Table B.1 Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Chinese
Teacher, Master
Burmese
Romanization
Sawboa, Sawbwa
Saopya, Sawhpya
Thakin
Bogyout
MZ/T1262019
Industry Standard Information Service Platform0s E8
coscqpe
Luo Yumu Korean
Daw Pa Saing
TeinSinYwahaung
Pwe Gyit Ywa thit
PumHpe
Tawng Hka
Nam Hat
Hpet Chaung
Daodianpiao
Dengxuegaowahang
Beijiyuwajin
Benpeshan
Dangka River
Namha River
Peimei River
Burmese
$o. @ os cqps
Table 3 (continued)
Romanization
Noi WingKhang
La Ha Gyi In
Kying Htum Hka Raw
Taung Ni Taung
Sawng Hka-awn Hka
Nam Lan Myid
Nam Kawng Chaung
Made Kyun Chaung
Kya De
Wenkang Mountain
Lake Lahaji
Kintun Kalaw River
Dangni Mountain
Sangkaang River
MZ/T1262019
Namlan River (Nam means river in Shan language, Myid means river in Burmese)
Nangang River (Nam means river in Shan language, Chaung means river in Burmese)Madai Zun River
Jiadai Mountain
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Burmese
Romanization
byaing
nyaung
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names
Table A.1 Transliteration table of commonly used words in Burmese place names Transliteration
Burmese
Romanization
chaung
hkwang
MZ/T126—2019
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Burmese
Romanization
Appendix B
(Normative Appendix)
Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Table B.1 Table of commonly used names and titles in Burmese place names Chinese
Teacher, Master
Burmese
Romanization
Sawboa, Sawbwa
Saopya, Sawhpya
ThakinWww.bzxZ.net
Bogyout
MZ/T1262019
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