GB 4584-1984 Technical requirements for optical safety devices for presses
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical requirements for light type safety device used for the pressesUDC 621.979
GB 4584—84
This standard applies to light type safety devices for presses with visible light or infrared light (hereinafter referred to as safety devices). Safety devices are used on presses to prevent personal accidents during the stamping process. The installation requirements of safety devices on presses and the safety requirements of the working parts of presses shall comply with the relevant provisions of JB3350-83 "Technical Safety Requirements for Mechanical Presses". The structural performance of the safety device should be that when a part of the human body blocks the light, it can detect that the light is blocked and output a signal so that the slide of the press cannot start or stop running. 1 Nouns and terms
1.1 Response time: the time from blocking the light curtain to the output contact disconnecting the press control circuit. 1.2 Self-check function: When any fault occurs in the safety device itself, it shall immediately send out or send out a light-shielding state output signal after blocking the light once, so that the slider of the press is in a stopped state. 1.3 Self-protection function: After the slider of the press stops running by blocking the light curtain, it cannot resume running when the light is turned on again. The slider of the press can only start again after pressing the "recovery button". 1.4 Non-protection zone function: During the return stroke of the slider of the press, the slider of the press will not stop running even if the light curtain is blocked by the safety device.
1.5 Protection length: The distance from the front plane of the projector to the front plane of the receiver, or the distance from the front plane of the projector and the receiver to the front plane of the reflector.
1.6 Specification protection length: refers to the protection length proposed in the technical specifications of the product. 1.7 Protection height: The distance between the uppermost optical axis and the lowermost optical axis of the light curtain, or the effective height of the light curtain. 1.8 Light curtain: An effective light curtain formed by the light between the projector and the light receiver, that is, an effective light curtain that can make the safety device output a light-shielding signal when its light is blocked.
1.9 Optical axis: The central axis of the light beam.
1.10 Light beam: An effective light column formed by the light emitted by the projector and received by the light receiver. 1.11 Optical axis spacing: The maximum distance between adjacent optical axes. 1.12 "Accident": refers to the output state of the safety device after light shielding in the protection zone, or the output state of the safety device itself after a failure.
1.13 Safety distance: refers to the minimum distance between the light curtain and the mold edge that must be guaranteed when the safety device is installed on the press. 2 Technical requirements
2.1 The safety device shall comply with the requirements of this standard and be manufactured in accordance with the drawings and technical documents approved by the prescribed procedures. 2.2 The safety device shall ensure reliable operation under the following conditions: a. The altitude shall not exceed 1000m; b. The temperature of the surrounding medium shall not exceed 40℃ and not be lower than -10℃; c. When the temperature is 20℃, the relative humidity of the air shall not exceed 85%; c. The displacement amplitude and the corresponding vibration frequency shall be in accordance with the provisions of Table 1: d. The National Bureau of Standards issued on July 20, 1984 and implemented on May 1, 1985. GB 4584-84 is in a medium without explosion hazard, and there is no gas or conductive dust in the medium that is sufficient to corrode metal and damage insulation. Table 1
Unidirectional displacement amplitude value mm
2.3 The safety device shall ensure that there is no damage under the following storage and transportation conditions: a. The temperature of the surrounding medium shall not be higher than 50℃ and not lower than -40℃; when the temperature is 40℃, the relative humidity shall not exceed 95%; b.
Vibration frequency Hz
c. Acceleration shall not exceed 10g, pulse duration shall be 16ms, and frequency shall be 40 times per minute. 2.4 The components used in the safety device shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the provisions of their respective technical requirements. 2.5 The insulation resistance of the safety device shall be at least 100M at room temperature between the power cord, the output relay contact and the shell.
2.6 The dielectric strength of the safety device shall be no breakdown or flashover within one minute when the voltage AC1500V is applied between the power cord, the output relay contact and the shell.
2.7 The temperature rise of the safety device shall comply with the provisions of Article 3.8 of GB379783 "Electrical Control Equipment Part 2: Electrical Control Equipment Equipped with Electronic Devices", and the temperature rise of the transformer shall not exceed 50℃. 2.8 The power supply voltage of the safety device shall be able to work reliably for a long time within the range of 85% to 110% of its rated voltage. 2.9 The response time of the safety device shall not be greater than 20ms. 2.10 The safety device shall have a self-test function. 2.11 The safety device shall have a self-protection function. This function can also be set in the control circuit of the press. .2.12 The safety device shall have a non-protection zone function. This function can also be set in the control circuit of the press. 2.13 The safety device shall be able to work reliably under the general lighting in the workshop and the local lighting of the press (no more than 100W bulb). 2.14 The anti-interference ability of the safety device shall comply with the provisions of Article 3.9.6 of GB3797. 2.15 The light curtain of the safety device must be a rectangle composed of the protection length and the protection height. 2.15,1
The protection length of the safety device is generally divided into less than 2m, 2m to 4m, and 4m to 8m. The specific specifications are customized by the manufacturer. The protection height of the safety device is generally 50mm to 400mm. The protection height of the safety device allows the use of multiple light beams instead of light curtains, and the optical axis spacing of the light beams is shown in Table 2: Table 2
Alenth distance mm
Optical axis spacing mm
Number of optical axes
2.15.4 Under the condition of the standard protection length, each light beam of the safety device should have the function of outputting signals after shielding. 2.16 The contact capacity of the output relay of the safety device should not be less than AC380V, 3A. 2.17 The safety device should have "normal" and "accident" indication signals and add signs. The "normal" indication is generally displayed by a green light signal and a "normal" sign is added, and the "accident" indication is generally displayed by a red light signal and an "accident" sign is added. 2.18 The grounding requirements of the safety device shall comply with the provisions of Article 13.9.7 of GB3797. 318
2.19 The life of the safety device should be no less than 106 times, GB 4584-84
2.20 The safety device should have good anti-vibration and anti-loosening measures. 2.21 The ferrous metal of the safety device should have an anti-corrosion layer. 2.22 The paint layer of the outer shell of the safety device should be uniform, smooth and flat, and there should be no cracks, peeling, blistering, sagging and wrinkling. 2.23 For safety devices with special use requirements such as anti-humidity and heat, anti-salt spray, and anti-mildew, the user should propose and negotiate with the manufacturer in accordance with the relevant standards.
2.24 The installation and safety requirements of the electrical components of the safety device should comply with the relevant provisions of JB2738-80 "General Machine Tool Electric Drive and Control".
3 Test methods
3.1 The tests of Articles 2.2b~d and 2.3 of this standard shall be conducted at the provincial "routine test station for electrical and electronic products". 3.1.1 Article 2.2b of this standard High temperature load test: Put the safety device in a constant temperature box, and power it on for 4 hours at 40±3℃. It should be able to work normally. 3.1.2 Article 2.2b of this standard Low temperature load test: Put the safety device in a plastic bag, seal it tightly, put it in a constant temperature box, and power it on for 4 hours at -10±3℃. It should be able to work normally
3.1.3 Article 2.2c of this standard Relative humidity load test: Put the safety device in a constant temperature box, and power it on for 4 hours at 20±3℃ and relative humidity of 82%~87%. It should be able to work normally.
3.1.4 High temperature storage and transportation test in Article 2.3a of this standard: Put the safety device in a constant temperature box, and place it for 4 hours under the condition of the temperature rising to 50±3℃. After taking it out, place it in the natural environment for 2 hours. When the temperature drops below 40℃, turn on the power test, and it should be able to work normally. 3.1.5 Low temperature storage and transportation test in Article 2.3a of this standard: Put the safety device in a plastic bag, seal it tightly, put it in a constant temperature box, and place it for 4 hours under the condition of the temperature dropping to -40±3℃. After taking it out, place it in the natural environment for 4 hours. When the temperature rises to above -10℃, turn on the power test, and it should be able to work normally. 3.1.6 Wet heat transportation test in Article 2.3b of this standard: Put the safety device in a constant temperature and humidity box, first raise the temperature to 40±3℃ and then raise the relative humidity to 92%~97%, place it for 48 hours, and immediately measure its insulation resistance after taking it out. The resistance value shall not be less than 1.5MQ. Then place it in a natural environment for 12 hours and then conduct a power-on test. It should be able to work normally. At the same time, check the parts and appearance of the safety device to ensure that there is no damage or rust. 3.1.7 Vibration test in Article 2.2d of this standard: Fasten the safety device on the vibration test bench in the state of use, and vibrate in seven coordinate directions under the conditions that the displacement amplitude and vibration frequency meet the requirements of Table 1, and vibrate for 15 minutes each (a total of 1 hour). During this period, the power-on test should be able to work normally. 3.1.8 Impact storage and transportation test in Article 2.3c of this standard: Fasten the safety device with packaging on the impact test bench, and under the conditions of peak acceleration of 10g, pulse duration of 16ms, and frequency of 40 times per minute, perform 200 impacts in the up and down, left and right, front and back directions (a total of 1200 times), and no damage shall be allowed. After the impact, immediately power on the test, and it should be able to work normally.
3.2 The insulation resistance test of the safety device in Article 2.5 of this standard is to use a 500V megohmmeter to connect the power cord and the housing, and the output relay contact and the two ends of the housing respectively. After applying voltage for 1 minute, the insulation resistance value shall not be less than 100Mα. 3.3 The dielectric strength test of the safety device in Article 2.6 of this standard is to use a high-voltage test equipment of 0.5kVA or above to apply AC1500V voltage between the power cord and the casing, and between the output relay contact and the casing. There should be no breakdown and flashover within 1 minute. 3.4 The temperature rise test of the safety device in Article 2.7 of this standard should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Article 4.10 of GB3797. 3.5 The power supply voltage fluctuation resistance test of the safety device in Article 2.8 of this standard is to use a transformer to adjust the power supply voltage to 110% of the rated voltage value of the safety device, and then conduct a shading test, and then adjust it to 85% of its rated voltage value, and conduct a shading test. There should be normal output. 3.6 The response time test of the safety device in Article 2.9 of this standard is recorded by an optical oscilloscope or equivalent method. The signals are respectively taken from the photoelectric tube level and the output contact of the safety device. When the light is blocked, the time difference between the two places is the response time. The response time shall not be greater than 20ms.
3.7 The self-check function test of the safety device in Article 2.10 of this standard is to artificially disconnect the power supply; all the main components such as triodes, integrated blocks, relays, etc. are short-circuited and open-circuited in sequence, and their output contacts should appear in the light-blocking state, or be in the light-blocking state after blocking the light once.
3.8 The self-protection function test of the safety device in Article 2.11 of this standard is to install the two output wires of the self-protection on the normally open contact of the "restore button". When the light is blocked, the safety device outputs the light-blocking signal, which is still maintained after seeing the light. Press the "restore button" again to restore the original state. If the self-protection function is set in the press control circuit, this item is not checked, but it must be stated in the product instruction manual. 3.9 The function test of the safety device in the non-protected area in Article 2.12 of this standard is that when the two output lines of the non-protected area are disconnected, the safety device should be able to work normally; when they are connected, the safety device should not work. If the function of the non-protected area is set in the control circuit of the press, this item is not checked, but it must be explained in the product manual. 3.10 The test of the photoelectric device's ability to resist external light interference in Article 2.13 of this standard is to illuminate with a 100W bulb at any position other than a 10° cone angle with the optical axis in a general workshop under general lighting during the day or at night, and the safety device shall not malfunction. 3.11 The anti-interference test of the safety device in Article 2.14 of this standard shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Article 4.14 of GB3797. 3.12 The protection length test of the safety device in Article 2.15.4 of this standard is carried out under the conditions of increasing the protection length to 125% of the maximum specification protection length and reducing it to 85% of the minimum specification protection length, and performing a light blocking test on each light beam, and there should be normal output. 3.13 The life test of the safety device in Article 2.19 of this standard is to conduct a shading test on each light beam at a frequency of about 300 times per minute, and the output signal is accumulated for 10° times. 4 Inspection rules
4.1 The safety device must be identified by the technical inspection department designated by the state in accordance with this standard and obtain a license before it can be produced. 4.2 Each safety device must have a factory inspection certificate before it can be released. 4.3 The inspection of safety devices is divided into two types: factory inspection and type inspection. 4.4 Factory inspection should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the sampling plan for a normal inspection (general inspection level II) in GB2828-81 "Batch Inspection Count Sampling Procedure and Sampling Table".
4.4.1 Inspection items:
In addition to the requirements of 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, 2.9, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.20 and 2.22 of this standard, the assembly quality, appearance and completeness shall also be inspected according to the requirements of the drawings and relevant documents. 4.4.2 Defect classification
a. Fatal defects of safety devices: including failure to comply with any of the requirements of 2.5 and 2.6 of this standard, b. "Major defects of safety devices: including failure to meet any of the provisions of 2.8, 2.9, 2.13, 2.14, and 2.15.4 of this standard. c. Minor defects of safety devices: including other defects that fail to meet qualified quality requirements and do not constitute fatal defects and major defects. 4.4.3 Classification of non-conforming products:
a. Fatal non-conforming products: unit products with one or more fatal defects and possibly overlapping (or) minor defects; b. Major non-conforming products: units with one or more major defects , there may also be minor defects, but not including fatal defects of unit products: c. Minor defective products: unit products with one or more minor defects, but not including fatal or major defects. 4.4.4 Batch qualified quality level:
Each inspection batch is required to be less than 90 units, and the batch qualified quality level is in accordance with the provisions of Table 3. 320
Qualified quality level
Major defective products
Minor defective products
4.4.5 Determination of batch qualified and unqualified: GB 4584--84
a. In the sampling inspection, as long as one fatal defective product is found in the sample, the batch is judged as unqualified. b. According to the qualified quality level AQL value specified in Table 3 of Article 4.4.4 of this standard, the batch is judged as qualified only when the number of minor and major defective products is less than or equal to the qualified judgment number A. When the number of minor and major defective products is equal to or greater than the unqualified judgment number R., the batch is judged as unqualified.
4.5 When the batch safety device is judged as unqualified After passing the test, the unqualified products can be repaired or rejected, and then submitted for inspection again. 4.6 Safety devices should be type-tested in the following cases: a. New trial products, when the design, process or materials used change and affect the performance of the product, when the product that has been discontinued for more than half a year resumes production, d. Products produced in batches or in large quantities are tested every two years. 4.7 Type inspection of safety devices should include the following contents: a. New trial products, when the design, process or materials used change and affect the performance of the product, when the product that has been discontinued for more than half a year resumes production, and d. Products produced in batches or in large quantities are tested every two years. According to the requirements of Article 3.1 of this standard, provide the routine test certificate of the provincial "routine test station for electrical and electronic products"; according to the requirements of Article 4.4 of this standard, provide the factory batch certificate within two years; according to the provisions of Article 4.8 of this standard, the technical performance inspection shall be carried out by the technical inspection department designated by the state. 4.8 The technical performance inspection items and methods of the technical inspection department designated by the state are as follows: The technical performance inspection items shall be carried out in accordance with Articles 2.1, 2.4 to 2.24 of this standard. a.
The technical performance inspection method is to sample from the products that have passed the factory test, and the number shall not be less than 5 units. During the random inspection, if one of the units fails to meet the requirements, a sample twice the number of the first sampling shall be re-drawn for re-inspection. If there are still unqualified items, it shall not be considered as qualified, and the production of this type of product or individual components must be stopped until the defects are eliminated and the test is passed before the production can be resumed. 4.9 The technical inspection department designated by the state has the right to directly conduct irregular technical performance inspections on products. We have the right to issue warnings or revoke production licenses for enterprises that fail to produce in accordance with this standard and whose products fail to meet the requirements of technical performance. 4.10 The production license shall be renewed every two years. 5 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Each safety device shall have a product nameplate fixed in a conspicuous position. The content of the nameplate is as follows: 5.1
Manufacturer's name or logo,
Product name;
Product model:
Rated voltage,
Response time,
Year and month of manufacturing.
5.2 Each safety device shall be packed in a vibration-proof and moisture-proof packaging box. The size of the packaging box shall be determined according to the external dimensions of the safety device to prevent movement due to excessive gap after loading. www.bzxz.net
GB 4584--84
The packaging of the safety device shall be suitable for loading requirements for land and water transportation. 5.3
The outer wall of the package should have obvious and durable words and signs, including the following: manufacturer's name and address, consignee's name and address, product model and name, product net weight and gross weight including box; box size: length × width × height, box number, signs: "Caution", "Moisture-proof".
The technical documents supplied with the product include: a.
Packing list,
Product factory certificate:
Product instruction manual.
5.6 Safety devices should not be attacked by rain, snow, severe vibration, impact or collision during transportation and storage. They should be stored in a warehouse with good air circulation, relative humidity not exceeding 85%, temperature not higher than 40℃ and not lower than 30℃, and the surrounding environment is free of acid, alkaline and other corrosive gases and dust.
GB4584—84
Appendix A
Safety distance when safety device is installed on press (reference)
In order to ensure personal safety, the safety distance requirement must be met when the safety device is installed on the press. Otherwise, there is a possibility of accidents.
Safety distance refers to the minimum distance between the light curtain of the safety device and the cutting edge of the mold. The calculation method should be determined according to the clutch structure type of the press.
A.1 For the clutch that can stop the slide stroke of the press at any position, the provisions of Article 2.4.41 of JB3350 should be followed. Ds = 1.6 (Ti + T2)
Where: Ds—a safety distance, m;
a hand extension speed, m/s;
—the time from the hand blocking the light curtain to the output contact of the safety device disconnecting the control circuit of the press, s, T2—the time from the disconnection of the press control circuit to the complete stop of the slide, s. Note: ①T, is the technical parameter given by the safety device itself, that is, the response time specified in this standard. ②T2 varies with the pressure and needs to be measured in practice. When measuring, it should be carried out when the crankshaft is rotated to 90°. A.2 For the clutch that cannot stop the slide stroke of the press at any position, the calculation should be based on the following formula: Ds = 1.6Ts
Formula rt Ds
-safety distance, ms
-hand extension speed, m/s,
Ts-time from hand leaving the light curtain (i.e. allowing the slide to start) to the slide of the press reaching the bottom dead center, s. +
Ts=（号
Formula: N-number of clutch engagement slots,
T-time for the crankshaft to make one revolution, s. (A1)
Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Labor Protection Bureau of the Ministry of Labor and Personnel of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China.
This standard was drafted by the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The main drafter of this standard is Su Jinpu.
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.