Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Fur-Raccoon dog skins
1 Subject and scope of application
This standard specifies the technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, storage and packaging and transportation of raccoon dog skins. This standard applies to the inspection quality of raccoon dog skin processing, purchase and sale, and handover. 2 Terms and terms
2.1 The skin in season The skin with mature fur and board quality.
2.2 Form whole
The head, ears, nose and tail are complete, and the standard board is used for boarding according to unified regulations. 2.3 Nice hide
The skin is flexible, elastic, oily, shiny, and has no obvious pigment. 2.4 Torn
All skin and hair defects that occur during the breeding, processing and storage process. 2.5 Stretched
When planting, the skin is stretched forcibly, resulting in sparse hair. 2.6 Sclerothrix necked
The hair on the neck is short and sparse.
2.7 Dermatome were soaked with fat The skin is yellow-black, with oily dirt, wrinkled, brittle and hard. 2.8 Shedders
Hair loss due to humidity, heat and stuffiness.
2.9 Rubbed
Partial hair needles are worn.
2.10 Bald crotch
Hair on the buttocks is worn.
2.11 Sclerothrix back
The hair on the middle of the back is shorter and sparser than that on the sides.
2.12 Mattedwww.bzxz.net
The needle hair is tangled, in bundles or felts.
2.13 Bites
The hair is damaged or broken due to self-biting or hair-eating diseases. 2.14 Scars
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on December 2, 1993 510
GB/T 14788—93
Implemented on June 1, 1994
GB/T14788—93
The skin is hardened and the hair is poorly developed at the place where there are sores or rashes. 2.15 Holes
Hole on the skin.
2. 16 Leakage root of hair Excessive force when scraping oil, exposing the hair roots or hair on the skin. 2.17 Shopworn skins
Skins not produced in the current year, yellowish and oily, with dull and matte fur. 3 Classification
Due to geographical differences, the quality of skins produced in different places is different. Basically, the Yellow River is used as the boundary to divide raccoon dog skins into northern raccoon dog skins and southern raccoon dog skins. 3.1 Northern raccoon dog skins
Generally produced in the north of the Yellow River. Large width, thick skin, high and thick fur, mostly blue-gray or blue-yellow. 3.2 Southern raccoon dog skins
Generally produced in the south of the Yellow River. Small width, short and smooth fur, mostly orange-yellow. 3.3 Wild raccoon dog skins
Taken from raccoon dog skins that reproduce and grow in nature. 3.4 Artificially raised raccoon dog skins
Taken from artificially raised raccoon dog skins.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Processing requirements
4.1.1 Requirements for processing wild raccoon skins: peel properly, keep the skin intact, have the head, legs and tail intact, remove all grease, remove the tail and leg bones, and process into cylindrical skin or split skin with the hair facing outwards and the back crotch opened as required. 4.1.2 Requirements for processing artificially raised raccoon skins: slaughter and peel properly, remove all grease, cut off the paws, remove the tail and leg bones, and plant the skin on the board according to the unified standard, and air-dry into cylindrical skin with the hair facing outwards and the back crotch opened. The drying temperature is generally 22-25℃. 4.1.3 See Table 1 and Figure 1 for the specifications of the planting board.
Distance from the top
Relative width
Grooving requirements
The width in the middle is 1.0, and the through grooves extend downward to 34.0. Two through grooves with a width of 1 and a length of 87, parallel to each other, are opened. The groove spacing is 5.5. The distance between the two grooves and the board edge is 5.5.
GB/T 14788—93
5.5H5.5H5.5
- 18 .5 -
Figure 1 Specifications of new sandalwood board made of raccoon skin
Board thickness 2cm
4.2 Quality requirements
4.2.1 Quality requirements for wild raccoon skin, see Table 2. Grade
GB/T 14788—93
Quality requirements
Normal season skin, abundant fur, complete guard hair, glossy color, good board quality, can have 2 holes, with a total area not exceeding 11 cm2
Normal season skin, slightly sparse or short and thin fur, can have first-grade skin damage or have first-grade fur quality, board quality, can have 3 holes, with a total area not exceeding 17 cm2. The fur is sparse or short and thin, can have first-grade skin damage or have first or second-grade fur quality, board quality, and the total area of holes does not exceed 56 cm2
Skin that does not meet the first, second, and third quality requirements. See Table 3 for quality requirements for artificially raised raccoon skins. Table 3
Area regulations
Northern raccoon dog skin
Southern raccoon dog skin
Normal season skin, complete skin shape, abundant fur, complete needle hair, clear fur, glossy color, good texture, no damageNormal season skin, complete skin shape, slightly sparse fur, complete needle hair, clear fur, good texture, no damage, or with grade-grade skin quality, with one of the following damages: 1. Sparse fur on the lower jaw and abdomen, slight abrasions or scratches on the sides or buttocks; 2. Self-bite wounds, scars and holes, the area does not exceed 13.0cm2; 3. The length of the tear shall not exceed 7.6cm;
4. Slight needle and hair flying;
5. Overstretched
The skin is intact, the hair is sparse or short and thin, or it has one or two grades of quality, with one of the following injuries: 1. Knife wound, the total area of the hole does not exceed 26.0cm; 2. The length of the tear does not exceed 15.2cm;
3. The hair on the ribs or buttocks is seriously scratched;
4. The abdomen is hairless or the neck is seriously pricked
Leather that does not meet the requirements of the first, second and third grades of quality 4.2.3 Poor color ratio, see Table 4.
Color of fluff
Blue-gray
Yellow-brown
White-gray
Color of needle tip
Off-white
Yellow-white
Grade ratio difference
Below 30
Grade ratio difference
4.2.4 Length requirements, see Table 5.
Size number
GB/T 14788—93
106~97
Note: When the length is between two levels (i.e. the intersection of the upper and lower size numbers). It is either down or up. 5 Inspection method
The inspection method combining measuring with sensory identification is adopted. 5.1 Inspection tools and conditions
5.1.1 Tools: operating table, ruler.
5.1.2 Conditions: sufficient light (no direct sunlight). 5.2 Fluff inspection
79~~70
Put the skin flat on the operating table, hold the skin's hips with one hand, pinch the skin's head with the other hand, and shake it up and down to restore the fur to its natural state. First check the neck and back, then check whether the fur on the abdomen is abundant, flat, flexible, smooth, and the color of the fur, and whether there are any injuries such as crotch and neck thorns. 5.3 Leather board inspection
Check whether the leather shape is complete, whether the fat is removed, and whether there are any injuries such as oil burns. Feel the thickness of the leather board, and check the seasonal characteristics and whether it is tangerine peel from the color of the board.
5.4 Measurement of the area of wild raccoon skin
Put the skin flat on the operating table, use a ruler to measure the length from the base of the ear to the base of the tail, select an appropriate part of the waist to measure its width, multiply the length and width, and calculate the area, see Figure 2.
Figure 2 Measurement of the area of wild raccoon skin
5.5 Measurement of the length of artificially raised raccoon skin
Put the skin flat on the operating table, use a ruler to measure the length from the nose tip to the tail root, and determine the size. 5.6 Measurement of the area of disability
Put the skin flat on the operating table, use a ruler to measure the length, width, and length and width multiplied by the disability. 6 Inspection rules
6.1 Purchase and handover inspection
GB/T14788-93
Both sporadic purchases and batch handovers must be inspected one by one according to quality standards. 6.2 If there is a dispute over the quality of the grade during the handover, the disputed part can be re-inspected. If there is still a dispute after the re-inspection, the two parties should negotiate to resolve it. 7 Storage requirements
It should be equipped with a moisture-proof, ventilated, insect-free, and dry warehouse or indoor space. Open-air storage is not allowed. 7.1 Storage requirements
Use a thin string through the eye holes of the raccoon skin, tie several dry skins into a bundle, and hang each bundle of skins on a rack, leaving gaps between each bundle of skins to facilitate ventilation. The warehouse should be kept clean and tidy, and insect repellent and rodenticides should be sprayed or placed in a fixed place. 7.2 Packaging requirements
Bundle the hides into bundles according to their width. Before bundling, straighten the hides one by one and sprinkle them evenly with refined naphthalene powder. Put them into cartons lined with moisture-proof paper. Fill out the packing list before sealing the carton. There are three copies, one for the inside, one for the outside and one for future reference. The packing list should indicate: box number, product name, grade, size and number of hides. 7.3 Transportation requirements
Rain, humidity, high temperature and fire should be avoided during transportation. The means of transportation should be clean and dry. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the unified management of the Department of Native Products Management of the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Heilongjiang Fur Society. The main drafters of this standard are Bian Jiang, Cao Zhengwen and Zhou Qiujiao. 615
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