Standard No.: QX/T 525-2019
Standard Name: Active L-band wind profiler radar (fixed and mobile)
English Name: Active phased array L-band wind profiler radar (fixed and mobile
Standard Format: PDF
Release Time: 2019-12-26
Implementation Time: 2020-04-01
Standard Size: 4.14M
Standard Introduction: This standard specifies the basic requirements for the design, production, product inspection, testing, packaging and transportation of active L-band wind profiler radar (fixed and mobile) using an active phased array system.
This standard applies to the design, production and inspection of active L-band wind profiler radars (fixed and mobile) using active phased array systems. This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods (SAC/TC507).
The drafting units of this standard are: Nanjing Enrui Industrial Co., Ltd., Beijing Minstar Radar Co., Ltd., China Meteorological Administration Meteorological Detection Center, Jiangsu Meteorological Detection Center, and the 23rd Institute of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation.
The main drafters of this standard are: Li Chen, Duan Shijun, Wu Lei, Liu Yifeng, Zhou Honggen, Lu Yaping, and Jia Xiaoxing.
This standard specifies the basic requirements for the design, production, product inspection, testing, packaging and transportation of active L-band wind profiler radars (fixed and mobile) using active phased array systems. This standard applies to the design, production and inspection of active L-band wind profiler radars (fixed and mobile) using active phased array systems.

ICS07.060
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Meteorological Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
QX/T525—2019
Active phased array L-band wind profiler radar(fixed and mobile) mobile)2019-12-26Release
China Meteorological Administration
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2020-04-01Implementation
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Normative reference documents
Terms, definitions and abbreviations
Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviations
4 Classification and composition
4.1. Classification
4.2 Composition
5 Technical requirements
General requirements
5.2 Safety requirements
5.3 Performance index requirements
6 Test methods
Inspection rules
8 Marks and accompanying documents||tt| |8.1 Marking
Accompanying documents
9 Packaging, transportation and storage
9.2 Transportation
9.3 Storage
Appendix A (Informative Appendix)
Appendix B (Informative Appendix)
Appendix C (Normative Appendix)
References
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Working principle and composition of active L-band wind profiler radarWind speed, wind direction and C% calculation method
Test method
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QX/T525—2019
QX/T525—2019
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This standard was drafted according to the rules given in GB/T1.1—2009. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Meteorological Instruments and Observation Methods (SAC/TC507). Drafting units of this standard: Nanjing Enrui Industrial Co., Ltd., Beijing Minstar Radar Co., Ltd., Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration, Meteorological Observation Center of Jiangsu Province, and Institute 23 of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation. Main drafters of this standard: Li You, Duan Shijun, Wu Lei, Liu Yifeng, Zhou Honggen, Lu Yaping, Jia Xiaoxing1
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1Scope
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Active L-band wind profiler radar (fixed and mobile) QX/T525—2019
This standard specifies the basic requirements for the design, production, product inspection, testing and packaging and transportation of active L-band wind profiler radars (fixed and mobile) using active phased array systems. This standard applies to the design, production and inspection of active L-band wind profiler radars (fixed and mobile) using active phased array systems. 2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T191—2008 Pictorial signs for packaging, storage and transportation GB4793.1—2007 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements GB/T19520.12—2009 Mechanical structure of electronic equipment 482.6mm (19in) series mechanical structure dimensions Part 3-101: Plug-in boxes and their plug-ins (IEC60297-3-101:2004, IDT) GJB74A—1998 General specification for military ground radar GJB151B2013
Requirements and measurements for electromagnetic emission and sensitivity of military equipment and subsystems QX/T78—2007
7 Wind corridor radar signal processing specification
QX/T162—2012 Technical specification for lightning protection of wind corridor radar stations 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1.1
Wind profiler radar
Radar used to detect atmospheric wind fields, including boundary layer wind profiler radar, tropospheric wind profiler radar, stratospheric wind profiler radar and mesosphere wind profiler radar.
[GB/T3784—2009, definition 2.1.1.29] 3.1.2
Active phased array antenna activephasedarrayantenna Phased array antenna in which each radiating unit or each subarray radiating unit is equipped with a separate transmitting/receiving component. 3.1.3
Radio-acoustic sounding system; RASS A system that uses the scattering effect of the atmospheric refractive index fluctuation caused by sound waves on electromagnetic waves to detect the vertical gradient of atmospheric temperature. 3.1.4
TR module T/RModule
A component that completes the transmission power amplification and echo reception. Note: T stands for transmission and R stands for reception.
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3.2 Abbreviations
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The following abbreviations apply to this document.
DBS: Doppler beam scanning
FFT: Fast Fourier transform
MTBF: Mean time between failures
MTTR: ​​Mean time to maintenance
RASS: Radio acoustic detection system
SNR: Signal-to-noise ratio
4 Classification and composition
4.1 Classification
According to the detection height and installation platform, it can be divided into three types: low tropospheric wind profile radar, boundary layer wind corridor radar (fixed) and boundary layer wind profile radar (mobile). The antenna of the fixed radar is installed next to the machine room or on the roof of the machine room. The antenna of a mobile radar is generally installed on the top of a vehicle or a shelter.
4.2 Composition
The radar consists of an active phased array antenna (including antenna array and TR components), a beam controller, a pre-transmitter, a receiver, a signal processor, a data processing and application terminal, a radio acoustic wave detection system (optional), etc. See Appendix A. Among them: a) The fixed wind corridor radar should also include an electromagnetic shielding net; b) The mobile wind profile radar should also include a vehicle or a mobile shelter. Technical requirements
5.1 General requirements
Include:
The appearance quality of the radar product shall comply with the requirements of 3.3 of GJB74A-1998; a)
The human-machine-environment design of the radar shall comply with the requirements of 3.9 of GJB74A-1998; b)
c) The structural dimensions of the plug-in box and plug-in shall comply with the provisions of Chapters 5-10 of GB/T19520.12-2009. 5.2
Safety requirements
Include:
a) The safety of the radar shall comply with the requirements of Chapters 5-7 and 9 of GB4793.1-2007; b) The lightning protection of the radar station shall comply with the requirements of Chapters 7-12 of QX/T162-2012. 5.3 Performance index requirements
5.3.1 General requirements
Including:
The radar should have the ability of automatic, continuous, unattended, automatic online calibration, remote monitoring and remote control; a)
The radar should have the function of automatic time calibration;
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The radar adopts DBS working mode, and the time to obtain wind field data is generally 6 minutes. Online calibration and other functions can be completed during the time outside the wind field.
5.3.2 Overall technical requirements
Working frequency
Select the working frequency within the range of 1270MHz~1375MHz. 5.3.2.2
Measurement range
Indicator requirements are shown in Table 1.
Maximum detection altitude
Minimum detection altitude
Horizontal wind speed measurement range
Vertical wind speed measurement range
Wind direction measurement range
Atmospheric virtual temperature measurement range
(When RASS is selected)
Measurement performance
Indicator requirements are shown in Table 2.
Wind speed measurement error (RMS deviation)
Wind direction measurement error (RMS deviation)
Atmospheric virtual temperature measurement error
(When RASS is selected)
Wind speed resolution
Wind direction resolution
Time resolution
Altitude resolution
Measurement range indicators
Lower tropospheric wind corridor radar
≥6km|| tt||≤150m
Table 2 Measurement performance indicators
Lower tropospheric wind profiler radar
Boundary layer wind gallery radar
(fixed)
≥3km
≤100m
0m/5~60m/s
0m/s~20m/s
0°~360°
223K~323K
Edge Boundary layer wind corridor radar
(fixed)
≤1.5m/s
Boundary layer wind profile radar
(mobile)
≤100m
Boundary layer wind corridor radar
(mobile)
When three beams are working: ≤3min.When five beams are working: ≤6minLow mode is 120m, high mode is
240m ( The pulse compression technology of the sub-pulse width matching the distance resolution must be adopted) The low mode is 60m. The high mode is 120m (the pulse compression technology of the sub-pulse width matching the distance resolution must be adopted) 3 QX/T525—2019 The minimum detectable signal is not greater than -145dBm. 5.3.2.5 Dynamic range is not less than 90dB (more than 50dB higher than the sensitivity level). Coherence System phase noise: not more than 0.1°.
Output basic data
Output no less than the following basic data in the form of images, tables, text, etc.: a)
Power spectrum and zero, first and second order moments of the spectrum; echo signal-to-noise ratio;
Horizontal wind speed and direction;
Vertical air flow speed and direction;
Atmospheric refractive index structure constant C%:
Atmospheric virtual temperature (when RASS is selected).
Reliability/maintainability
Includes:
MTBF: not less than 2500h.
MTTR: ​​not more than 30min.
Equipment service life
15a.
See Table 3 for monitoring items. The monitoring items need to display numerical values ​​or status parameters in the terminal software. Table 3
TR component
Transmitter pre-stage
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Monitoring items
Monitoring items
TR component status
Output forward power value
Antenna reflected power value
Output standing wave fault
Transmitter pre-stage overheat fault
Transmitter pre-stage input fault
Transmitter pre-stage no output fault
Transmitter pre-stage power supply fault
Receiver
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Table 3 Monitoring items (continued)|| tt||The calibration items and index requirements are as follows:
Receiving channel strength linearity calibration, error: no more than 1dB; speed calibration, error: no more than 0.2m/s; minimum detectable signal calibration, index requirements see 5.3.2.4; dynamic range calibration, index requirements see 5.3.2.5; system coherence calibration, index requirements see 5.3.2.6.5.3.2.12
External communication interface:
Communication standard: no less than 100Base-T;
Hardware interface: RJ-45 or optical fiber interface;
Communication protocol: TCP/IP protocol.
5.3.2.13 Power consumption and power supply
Power consumption see Table 4.
Table 4 Power consumption and power supply
AC power supply is adopted
Environmental adaptability
Environmental adaptability requirements are as follows:
Temperature:
Low tropospheric wind corridor radar
Monitoring items
Receive local oscillator status
Excitation signal status
DC power supply status
A/D sampling clock status
Boundary layer wind profiler radar
(Fixed)
QX/T525—2019
Boundary layer wind profiler radar
(Movable)
380V/220VX(1±10%).50HzX(1±5%)Outdoor part: -40℃~50℃;
2) Indoor part: 0℃~30℃.
Humidity: The outdoor part is not more than 100%RH, and the indoor part is not more than 95%RH. b)
Wind resistance: The maximum gust wind speed that can be withstood is 50m/s, and the maximum average wind speed that can be withstood is 30m/s. Under the above conditions, the antenna and the electromagnetic shielding net will not produce permanent deformation or damage. 5
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Other environmental adaptability: It should have the ability to prevent salt spray, mildew, sand and dust, and lightning strikes. d)
Electromagnetic compatibility: It should have electrostatic shielding and electromagnetic shielding design. The analog ground wire (Ga) and the digital ground wire (Gd) and the safety ground wire (Gp) in the equipment ground wire should be strictly separated to enhance the anti-interference ability of the equipment. Electromagnetic compatibility should comply with the provisions of 5.23 in GJB151B-2013.
System intelligence requirements
The system should have: the ability to remotely control the radar system on and off, the ability to remotely monitor and control system operating parameters, and the ability to remotely upgrade the software.
Subsystem technical requirements
Antenna array
The antenna array is installed in the antenna cover. The antenna cover should have a smooth and flat low wind resistance shape, be easy to set up and maintain, ensure safety and reliability, have anti-rust measures and be able to work all day. The size of the mobile antenna cover should not be larger than the size of the vehicle. The technical indicators of the antenna array are shown in Table 5.
Technical indicators of antenna array
Technical indicators
Antenna type
Operating frequency
Beam pointing
Tilt beam inclination
Beam width
Antenna gain
Maximum sidelobe (sum of transmission and reception)
Far zone sidelobe (sum of transmission and reception)
Standing wave coefficient
Transmitting feeder line loss
Receiving feeder line loss
Polarization mode
Lobe form
Beam conversion mode
Radome transmission loss (two-way)
Two-way shielding net isolation
TR component
The technical indicators of TR component are shown in Table 6.
Lower tropospheric wind line radar
Boundary layer wind blanket line radar
(fixed)
Modular microstrip active phased array antenna
Boundary layer wind gallery line radar
(mobile)
Five beams, one vertical direction and four azimuths mutually orthogonal, with the same elevation angle tilt beam 15°±5°
≥35dB
≤-60dBc
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≥30dB
≤-40dBc (scanning surface and non-scanning surface) 60dBc
≤3dB
Linear polarization
Pencil beam
≥24dB
≤-50dBc
Operating frequency
Noise figure
Receive sensitivity
Output peak power
(Total power)
Pulse width
Pulse repetition period
Maximum duty cycle
Transmit spectrum width
Beam controller
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Table 6 Technical indicators of TR components
Lower tropospheric wind profiler radar
-111dBm
(Pulse width is 0.8μs）
Narrow pulse: 0.8μs
Boundary layer wind corridor radar
(fixed)
≤1.5dB (tested at low noise level)
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Boundary layer wind corridor radar
(mobile)
—108dBm (pulse width is 04μs)
Wide pulse: 1.6usx number of sub-pulses
Narrow pulse: 0.4us
Wide pulse: 0.8μs×number of sub-pulses
20μs~100μs
≥10%
≤35MHz (at -35dBc)
The beam controller adopts a digital phase shifter, with a bit number of no less than 6bit. 5.3.3.4 Transmitter pre-stage
Output peak power: not less than 100W.
Receiver
The technical indicators of the receiver are as follows:
Intermediate frequency sampling bit: not less than 16bit;
Intermediate frequency sampling frequency: not less than 40MHz;
Intermediate frequency matching filter bandwidth: matching with pulse width; IQ output bit: not less than 24bit;
Image frequency suppression ratio: not less than 70dB;
Frequency synthesis short-term stability: better than 10-11/ms; Phase noise: not more than -120dBc/Hz (@1kHz); Spurious: not more than -60dBc;
Output RASS signal (when RASS is selected): sine wave signal, audio range is 2500Hz~3200Hz. 5.3.3.6
Signal processor
The signal processing method of wind profiler radar shall be implemented in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 4 of QX/T78-2007. The technical indicators of signal processor are shown in Table 7.
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Processing mode
Time domain coherent accumulation number
FFT points
Maximum number of processing libraries
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Signal processor technical indicators
Low tropospheric wind corridor radar
Boundary layer wind corridor radar
(fixed)
Conventional scale mode, pulse compression mode
1~1024
128,256.512,1024,2048 or more
120m/240m
Data processing and application terminal
Boundary layer wind gallery radar
(mobile)
60m/120m
Power spectrum density distribution or IQ data
The data processing and application terminal consists of terminal processing software and a computer. It receives the output signal of the signal processor and generates various products. Requirements include:
The data format shall be in accordance with the wind profiler radar data format formulated by the China Meteorological Administration; the data processing and application terminal shall have the function of setting station parameters, including the setting of system parameters such as station number, station address, longitude, latitude, and altitude;
The data processing and application terminal shall have the function of storing data files, and the storage contents shall include: power spectrum data files, radial data files, product data files at real-time sampling height, product data files at half-hour average sampling height, product data files at one-hour average sampling height, etc.:
d) For the calculation method of wind speed, wind direction and C, please refer to Appendix B. 5.3.3.8 Radio Acoustic Wave Detection Systemwww.bzxz.net
The technical indicators of the radio acoustic wave detection system are as follows: a)
Working frequency: 2500Hz~3200Hz;
3dB acoustic beam width: 10°±2°;
Acoustic antenna gain: not less than 10dB;
Sound pressure level: not less than 130dB (1m above the acoustic antenna surface): sound source speaker withstand power: not less than 100W/8Q; sound power amplifier output power: 0W~1500W/4Q (adjustable): audio input amplitude: peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp) not more than 2V; sound insulation: sound-absorbing material is used for the inner lining of the shell.
Test method
The test method and qualified criterion are shown in Appendix C.
7 Inspection rules
According to the provisions of Chapter 4 of GJB74A-1998. 8
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