This standard specifies the organization and procedures, investigation contents, investigation steps, data processing, analysis and identification requirements for lightning disaster investigation. This standard applies to the investigation of lightning disasters such as casualties of human beings and life forms, physical damage to buildings, and damage to electrical and electronic systems caused by lightning. DB33/T 778-2010 Technical Specification for Investigation and Identification of Lightning Disasters DB33/T778-2010 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the organization and procedures, investigation contents, investigation steps, data processing, analysis and identification requirements for lightning disaster investigation. This standard applies to the investigation of lightning disasters such as casualties of human beings and life forms, physical damage to buildings, and damage to electrical and electronic systems caused by lightning.
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix, and Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, and Appendix E are informative appendices.
This standard is proposed and managed by Zhejiang Meteorological Bureau.
The drafting unit of this standard: Zhejiang Lightning Protection Center.
The main drafters of this standard: Zhang Weibin, Zhang Huiliang, Gao Jianqiu, Li Jian, Zhou Yongjun, Chen Jinliang, Yao Jianming, Zhang Xinwei, Ma Jinfu, Cai Jiajia, Li Hongfeng, Wang Fang.
This standard is published for the first time.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 16840.2－1997 Technical identification method for electrical fire causes Part 2: Residual magnetism method
GB/T 21431 Technical specification for testing lightning protection devices for buildings
GB/T 21714.1－2008 Lightning protection Part 1: General
QX/T 103-2009 Technical specification for lightning disaster investigation

ICS 07.060
Zhejiang Provincial Standard
DB33/T778—2010
Technical specifications for investigation and identification of lightning disaster2010-03-03 Issued
2010-04-03 Implementation
Issued by Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1·2009. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix, and Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E are informative appendices. This standard was proposed and managed by Zhejiang Provincial Meteorological Bureau. The drafting unit of this standard: Zhejiang Lightning Protection Center. DB33/T778—2010
The main drafters of this standard are: Zhang Weibin, Zhang Huiliang, Gao Jianqiu, Li Jian, Zhou Yongjun, Chen Jinliang, Yao Jianming, Zhang Xinwei, Ma Jinfu, Cai Jiajia, Li Hongfeng, Wang Fang.
This standard is published for the first time.
DB33/T778—2010
Lightning is a natural phenomenon. When the charge of the cloud layer is neutralized with the opposite charge carried by the local area of ​​the earth, the various effects of the discharge will cause damage to the life forms, vegetation, buildings, electrical equipment, etc. on the ground, thus forming a lightning disaster. As far as the current level of science and technology is concerned, humans are not yet able to prevent the occurrence of lightning (nor should they prevent it), but by implementing active and effective scientific lightning protection measures, we can do something to reduce or even avoid the losses caused by lightning. Lightning disaster investigation is one of the basic tasks of scientific lightning protection. The implementation of the industry standard QX/T103-2009 "Technical Specifications for Lightning Disaster Investigation" on November 1, 2009 has laid a technical foundation for the country to carry out lightning disaster investigation in accordance with the law and in a standardized manner. Zhejiang Province is one of the provinces with frequent lightning disasters in the country. Economic and social development has put forward higher requirements for lightning protection and disaster reduction work. In order to strengthen the guidance of lightning disaster investigation and identification work in Zhejiang Province, this standard is formulated on the basis of industry standards and combined with the actual situation of lightning disasters in Zhejiang and the actual needs of investigation and identification work, which is conducive to promoting the scientific, standardized and effective development of lightning disaster investigation and identification work in our province.
1 Scope
Technical Specification for Lightning Disaster Investigation and Identification
DB33/T 778—2010
This standard specifies the organization and procedures, investigation contents, investigation steps, data processing and analysis and identification requirements for lightning disaster investigation. This standard applies to the investigation of lightning disasters such as casualties of human and life forms, physical damage to buildings, and damage to electrical and electronic systems caused by lightning strikes.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB16840.2-1997 Technical identification method for the cause of electrical fire Part 2: Residual magnetism method GB/T21431 Technical specification for testing lightning protection devices for buildings GB/T21714.1-2008 Lightning protection Part 1: General QX/T103-2009 Technical specification for lightning disaster investigation 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1
Lightning protection system LPS
The entire system used to reduce the physical damage caused by lightning strikes to buildings Note: LPS consists of two parts: external and internal lightning protection devices. [GB/T21714.1—2008, definition 3.40] 3.2
External lightning protection system An integral part of LPS, consisting of lightning arrester, down conductor and grounding device [GB/T21714.1—2008, definition 3.41] 3.3
Internal lightning protection system An integral part of LPS, consisting of equipotential connection and/or electrical insulation with external PS. [GB/T21714.1—2008, definition 3.42] 3.4
Residual magnetism data dataofresidualmagnetism The magnetic value that remains after a ferromagnetic object is magnetized by the magnetic field formed by the short-circuit current of the conductor and the lightning current. The unit is millitesla (mT). 【GB16840.2—1997, definition 2.1]
Lightning disaster
Damage caused by lightning to people, livestock, vegetation, buildings, facilities and equipment. 3.6
Investigation of lightning disasterDB33/T778—2010
Investigation of disaster events that are somehow related to the occurrence of lightning. 4 General principles
4.1 The investigation should be based on facts and objective facts. 4.2 The investigation should be fair and the investigators should have no interest in the disaster event. 4.3 The factors such as the occurrence of lightning strikes, the conduction path of lightning, and the objects affected by the disaster that are objectively related to the facts of the disaster should be analyzed and searched for evidence that can prove the existence or non-existence of lightning strikes or effects. 4.4 An investigation should be conducted promptly after a lightning disaster occurs. 4.5 The measurement and testing equipment used for lightning disaster investigation shall comply with the provisions of relevant national standards and shall be within the measurement validity period. The main performance and technical indicators of the instruments and equipment required for the investigation shall not be lower than the requirements of QX/T103-2009. 4.6 After the disaster occurs, the affected units or individuals shall protect the disaster site and immediately report to the local government and relevant departments. When the site needs to be changed due to disaster relief, written records should be made and physical evidence should be preserved. Investigation organization and procedures
5.1 Investigation organization
The investigation team can be composed of professional and technical institutions dispatched or authorized by the competent authority for lightning disaster prevention. 5.1.2 The members of the investigation team should be more than three people, and the investigation and evidence collection shall not be less than two people. The members of the investigation team should have comprehensive theoretical knowledge of lightning and lightning protection and rich practical experience. Relevant professionals should be invited to participate in the investigation team when necessary. 5.1.3 The responsibilities of the investigation team should include the following: Conduct investigation interviews, on-site inspections, evidence collection and record making; process and analyze data to determine the nature and cause of the disaster; calculate the casualties, economic, cultural heritage and public service losses caused by lightning disasters, and determine the disaster level (see Appendix A for lightning disaster level classification);
Issue a lightning disaster investigation report and attachments (see QX/T103-2009 for the investigation report format and Appendix B for the attachment format). 5.2 Investigation Procedures
The lightning disaster investigation procedure should be carried out according to the block diagram shown in Figure 1. The investigation team accepts the task
Formulate an investigation plan
Investigation interviews, on-site inspections, evidence collection and data processing and analysis
Disaster accident identification
Issue an investigation report
6 Investigation Contents
6.1 Time and location (or area) of the disaster. 6.2 Location of the affected objects and surrounding conditions. 2
Flowchart of lightning disaster investigation procedure
6.3 Disaster losses, including:
Casualties:
Economic losses (including losses of buildings and their contents, service facilities and interrupted activities): Public service losses:
Cultural heritage losses.
6.4 Traces and residues left at the scene, and characteristics of damage to people and living things. DB33/T778—2010
6.5 Changes in objects at the scene before and after the disaster (including changes in the spatial position, shape, color, etc. of objects). Meteorological data for the relevant period when the disaster occurred may include (but are not limited to) the following:6.6
Lightning location data:
Atmospheric electric field data:
Meteorological radar data;
Satellite cloud image data;
Observation records of nearby meteorological stations.
Geographic, geological, environmental and climatic conditions of the disaster site. 6.7
The historical lightning activities and disasters at the disaster site. The lightning protection device settings of buildings (structures) and equipment before the disaster occurred, mainly including the following contents: 6.9
Whether the corresponding lightning protection measures are taken in accordance with the requirements of relevant lightning protection laws, standards and specifications; whether the lightning protection device is in an effective functional state; lightning protection safety management of the affected unit, including the following contents: whether a sound lightning protection safety management system is established in accordance with the requirements of relevant lightning protection safety laws and technical specifications; whether the relevant personnel at all levels perform their lightning protection safety duties and implement relevant safety operating procedures; c)
Whether the relevant personnel have received lightning protection science education. Others.
Investigation steps
Preliminary preparation for investigation
7.1.1 The investigation team shall conduct a preliminary analysis of the disaster level and the characteristics of the industry of the affected object based on the disaster report, and invite professionals from relevant industries and regulatory departments to participate in the investigation as appropriate; 7.1.2 The investigation team shall inform the affected unit or individual to prepare technical information related to the affected equipment, system and facilities, and notify the relevant personnel to arrive at the scene within the agreed time to cooperate with the investigation. 7.2 Investigation and interview
Objects of investigation and interview
Parties affected by the disaster:
Safety responsible personnel of the affected unit;Www.bzxZ.net
The first person to discover the disaster and report the incident to the police;
The first person to arrive at the disaster site and participate in the rescue;
People who directly witnessed the lightning strike:
People who were at the site or nearby when the disaster occurred;
People who understand the weather conditions of the disaster site on the day of the disaster: People who understand the local lightning disaster situation; People who are familiar with the pre-disaster status of the affected objects: People who understand the geography, geology and environment of the disaster site: People who are familiar with the equipment, systems, processes and operation conditions related to the disaster: Other relevant personnel.
DB33/T778—2010
7.2.2 Requirements for investigation and interview
7.2.2.1 Relevant laws and regulations should be strictly observed. The number of investigators participating in the inquiry shall not be less than 2. The record should be accurately made and signed and confirmed by the interviewee. For the format of the inquiry record, please refer to Appendix B. 7.2.2.2 According to the contents described in Chapter 6, collect information related to lightning occurrence and disaster events from the interviewees to understand the process. The first question should include five aspects: who, when, where, what, and why. 7.2.2.3 The questioning should be clear, neutral and objective. It should be based on reality, without bias, and should not reveal personal views on the incident. Objectively listen to and record the situation described by the interviewee. 7.3 On-site investigation
7.3.1 On-site investigation should be carried out under the condition of ensuring safety. 7.3.2 The scope and steps of disaster site investigation should be determined according to the disaster situation. Investigate the relevant conditions of the affected objects and related objects one by one, draw necessary on-site maps, and make on-site investigation records and other records. 7.3.3
For the table format used for on-site investigation, please refer to Appendix B. Objects that need to be investigated: the number, location, shape, size, color of traces and residues, and the spatial relationship between the residues and the parent body: the spatial location of the damaged object, the characteristics of damage, and the objects or systems connected or in contact with it: the situation where the position or state of the object changes due to the direct effect of the disaster: other objects near the damaged object and their distribution: the location of the damaged object and the surrounding environment: the longitude and latitude of the disaster site:
The residual magnetic data of the damaged object and the surrounding ferromagnetic field (see Appendix C for the detection method of residual magnetic data): the setting and performance of the lightning protection device (the methods and requirements for detecting lightning protection devices, and the format of the test report shall refer to GB/T21431):
The situation described by the interviewee that needs to be verified on site; other objects that need to be investigated.
Requirements for making on-site investigation records include:
1. The content should fully and truly reflect the whole picture of the disaster site; the order of making should be the same as the order of implementation of the investigation; the record should be made in time; the language should be accurate, concise and standardized; standard Mandarin language should be used for description and recording; the measurement unit should use national standards;
Should have the signature of the witness.
7.3.5 All objects collected on site (such as fragments, residues, etc.) should be kept as they are and classified for management. 7.3.6 Check other on-site materials, including records of operation, maintenance, testing, acceptance and equipment operation records at the time of the accident, etc. If necessary, check the design, manufacturing, construction, installation and commissioning of the equipment. 7.4 Special investigation
7.4.1 In order to determine the nature or characteristics of certain highly professional things, investigation and evidence collection should be conducted from professional units with prescribed qualifications or professionals recognized by the competent authority. Appraisal or certification materials should be signed by the appraiser or certifier. 7.4.2 When a certain phenomenon occurs and its authenticity or inevitability cannot be directly determined, targeted experiments should be conducted if conditions permit. 7.5 Photography
In response to the status, location, scene, environment, mutual relationship and other information of the scene and surrounding objects, take photos or videos in an all-round, multi-angle and hierarchical manner, combining panoramic, partial and close-up. Objects to be photographed: Partial, panoramic and surrounding environment of the disaster-stricken area: Close-up of the disaster-stricken objects, traces, and residues and their locations: - The surrounding environment of the disaster-stricken objects and the laying of various related metal pipelines: - The setting of lightning protection devices:
- The situation before and after the movement and extraction of related objects; 4
- The relevant process of questioning, on-site investigation and evidence extraction: Other objects that need to be photographed.
7.6 Material collation
DB33/T778—2010
The investigation team should organize the materials such as the records of questioning and on-site investigation, photos and on-site drawings and other relevant information. All investigation records should be clear, neat and uniquely identifiable. Signatures should be made with a fountain pen or a signature pen. Data processing and analysis and identification
8.1 Data processing
8.1.1 After the investigation is completed, the investigators should promptly organize and summarize various data describing the disaster event. Please refer to Appendix D for the statistical method of lightning disaster losses.
8.1.2 The objectivity, relevance and legality of the investigation data should be reviewed item by item, and data with clear non-conformities shall not be used. 8.1.3 When there are contradictions between the investigation data, measures should be taken to identify them. When it is impossible to identify, the data shall not be used. 8.2 Disaster analysis
8.2.1 According to the climate, geography, geology, and landforms of the disaster site, analyze the conditions for the formation of lightning in that area. According to the time of the disaster and relevant lightning monitoring data, analyze whether the lightning strike coincides with the disaster in time and space. 8.2.2
Analyze the physical and chemical effects of the affected objects, traces, residues and other objects on the scene, as well as their mutual correlation. 8.2.3
Based on the status of the lightning protection device at the disaster site and combined with other investigation results, analyze the relationship between the original lightning protection device and the disaster. 8.2.4
8.3 Identification of the nature of the disaster
8.3.1 Classification of conclusions
8.3.1.1Based on the degree of understanding of the facts of the disaster event and the sufficiency of the disaster identification evidence, the identification conclusions of the nature of the disaster can be divided into three types: lightning disaster, non-lightning disaster and uncertain. 8.3.1.2 When it cannot be determined whether it is a lightning disaster or a non-lightning disaster, it is uncertain. 8.3.2 Identification method
8.3.2.1 If it is directly identified as a lightning disaster or non-lightning disaster, the following conditions must be met: a)
Evidence should be able to corroborate each other:
The identification process is logical;
There is no counter-evidence.
8.3.2.2 When it is directly identified as a lack of evidence for a certain conclusion, if evidence that other possibilities are not established can be found, the elimination method can be used to determine it.
When there is only one piece of evidence to support a conclusion, the conclusion is not considered to be established. 8.4 Investigation report
The investigation report should use standardized words, concise text, and be easy to understand. 8.4.1
Contents that the investigation report should include:
Basic information on reporting and acceptance:
Disaster investigation process;
-Disaster loss situation;
-Analysis of investigation data:
Analysis and identification of the causes of the disaster;
-Lightning disaster prevention suggestions:
Signatures of relevant personnel and seals of the unit.
8.5 Archive of materials
The archived materials of lightning disaster investigation should be complete, including:-Lightning disaster investigation acceptance form:
-Lightning disaster investigation report:
DB33/T 778—2010
A record, test report and other investigation materials; Extracts and image materials;
-List of personnel of the investigation team, including name, position, title, unit, etc.; other relevant materials.
8.6 Report Issuance
The investigation team shall issue a lightning disaster investigation report to the entrusting unit or relevant department within fifteen working days after accepting the entrustment. 6
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Classification of lightning disaster levels
According to the casualties or direct economic losses caused by lightning disasters, they are divided into: a
DB33/T778—2010
Extremely serious disasters refer to lightning disasters that cause the death of more than 10 people, or injure more than 20 people, or cause direct economic losses of more than 10 million yuan due to lightning strikes.
Major disasters refer to lightning disasters that cause the death of 3 to 9 people, or injure 5 to 19 people, or cause direct economic losses of 1 million to 10 million yuan due to lightning strikes.
Major disasters refer to lightning disasters that cause one to two deaths, one to four injuries, or direct economic losses of 100,000 to 1 million yuan.
General disasters refer to lightning disasters other than the above.
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