Some standard content:
ICS 01.040.03
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 23694—2009/1SO/IEC Guide 73:2002Risk Management
Risk management--Terminology (IS0/IEC Guide 73:2002,Risk management Vocabulary-Guidelines for use in standards, IDT)Published on 2009-05-06
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Implemented on 2009-10-01
GB/T 23694—2009/1SO/IECGuide 73:2002 Objectives
1 Scope
2 Overview of risk management terms and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Basic terms
3.2 Terms related to organizations and individuals affected by risks
3.3 Terms related to risk assessment
3.4 Terms related to risk treatment and risk control
Appendix A (Normative) Terms and definitions in GB/T 20000.4—2003 References·
Chinese index
English index
GB/T 23694—2009/ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 Foreword
This standard is equivalent to the ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 “Guide to the use of risk management terminology in standards” (English and French version). This standard makes the following editorial changes to ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002: - Delete ISO/IEC introduction;
Change the word "this guide" to "this standard"; - Translate "mitigation" in ISO/IEC Guide 73 into "risk mitigation"; This standard replaces ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999 "Safety-related content in standards" cited in ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 with GB/T20000.4-2003 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 4: Safety-related content in standards" (ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, MOD)
In "references", domestic documents are used to replace the corresponding international documents in the "references" of ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix. This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Quality Management and Quality Assurance (SAC/TC151). This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Risk Management (SAC/TC310). The drafting units of this standard are: China Standardization Research Institute, First Risk Management Technology Co., Ltd., Institute of Science and Technology Policy and Management Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking University, China Aviation Comprehensive Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Institute of Mathematics and Systems Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The main drafters of this standard are: Yang Ying, Dang Wanjin, Gao Xiaohong, Lu Duojia, Li Jianping, Liu Xinli, Zhu Bangjun, Liu Tiezhong, Tian Wu, Liu Zhuojun. GB/T23694—2009/ISO/IECGuide73.2002 Introduction
Organizations of any type face such a situation (or event), that is, when pursuing success, opportunities and dangers coexist. Through effective management, you can seek benefits and avoid harm.
In certain specific areas, such as the financial industry, from the perspective of risk management, currency fluctuations can cause both potential losses and opportunities for possible profits. Therefore, the risk management process is increasingly considered to be concerned with both the negative impact of uncertainties and the positive impact of these uncertainties. This standard deals with risk management issues from both positive and negative aspects. When drafting or formulating a standard that includes risk management content, the definitions given in this standard should be considered first. The purpose of this standard is to provide a basic technical vocabulary to promote consistency in interpretation between different countries and organizations. However, do not stick to the strict meaning of the literal meaning, and use it when necessary to meet the different needs of specific fields. In this case, the corresponding technical committee should ensure that the actual use of the term does not conflict with the definitions in this standard and GB/T20000.12003. The reason for the "extension" should be clearly given. In the field of safety, risk management focuses on the prevention and mitigation of injuries. Safety should refer to (GI3/T20000,4---2003. This standard is of general nature and is compiled around the general area of risk management. The order of terms is as follows: a) Basic terms
Risk;
Consequence,
Probability;
Event;
Source;
- Risk criteria:
- Risk management;
- Risk management system.
b) Terms related to organizations and individuals affected by risks - stakeholders;
- Related parties;
Risk perception;
- Risk communication.
c) Terms related to risk assessment
Risk assessment;
Risk analysis:
Risk identification;
Source identification;
Risk estimation;
Risk evaluation.
d) Terms related to risk treatment and risk control Risk treatment;
· Risk control;
Risk optimization;
Risk reduction;
Risk mitigation;
Risk aversion;
Risk transfer;
Risk financing;
Risk margin;
——-risk acceptance,
Residual risk.
GB/T 23694—2009/IS0/IEC Guide 73:2002 Date
http://foodmate.net1 Scope
GB/T 23694—2009/ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 Risk management
This standard specifies terms and definitions related to risk management and can be used in the development or revision of standards and other general documents related to risk management.
This standard aims to promote a consistent approach to describing risk calculation activities and using risk management terminology. For safety aspects, see GB/T 20000.4-2003. 2 Overview of risk management terms and definitions
The relationship between risk management terms and definitions is shown in Figures 1 to 3. Risk management is part of the management process of an organization. Risk management depends on the context in which it is applied, and the terms used in different contexts may not be exactly the same.
When using terms related to risk management in the standard, it is very important to ensure that the meaning of these terms does not cause any ambiguity or misunderstanding. Therefore, this standard provides a consistent interpretation of the different meanings that a term may have. New York organizations are increasingly using risk management processes to optimize the management of opportunities. This is different from the risk assessment process explained in GB/T 20000.4-2003, which assumes that risks only have negative results. However, organizations are increasingly accepting a broad risk management approach, so this standard attempts to cover both negative and positive aspects of risk. The definitions in this standard are broader than those in GB/T 20000.4-2003. For all safety-related issues, the definitions given in GB/T 20000.4-2003 apply, see Appendix A. The Chinese and English indexes are given in the index. Note: When other definitions refer to terms in this standard, they are marked in bold and the source is indicated. 3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Basic terms
Risk risk
The combination of the probability (3.1.3) of an event (3.1.4) occurring and its consequences (3.1.2). Note 1: The term "risk" is used for situations where there is at least a possibility of a negative outcome. Note 2: In some cases, the risk arises from the possibility of deviation from the expected consequences or events. Note 3: For concepts related to safety, see GB/T 20000.1-2003. 3.1.2
consequence
the result of an event (3, 1.4).
Note 1: An event may have more than one consequence. Note 2: Consequences can be positive or negative. However, from a safety perspective, consequences are often negative. Note 3: Consequences can be qualitative or quantitative. 3.1.3
probability
the degree of likelihood of an event (3.1.4) occurring. Note 1: GB/T 3358.1--1993 gave a mathematical definition of "probability": a real number that measures the likelihood of a random event, with a value between 0 and 1. It can be used to refer to the frequency of an event occurring over a relatively long period of time, or the degree of credibility of the occurrence of this event. For high credibility, the probability is close to "1". Note 2: When describing risks, the term "rate" is often used instead of the term "probability". Note 3: The degree of possibility can be expressed in different levels: extremely unlikely/unlikely/possible/very likely/almost certain; or confident/unlikely/extremely unlikely/very likely/possible/frequent. 3. 1. 4
Eventevent
The occurrence of a specific situation. Note 1: An event may be certain or uncertain. Note 2: An event may be a single event or a series of events. Note 3: The probability of an event occurring within a given time period can be estimated. 3.1.5
Sourcesourtc
Events or activities that may lead to certain consequences (3.1.2). Note: In safety issues, a source is a certain hazard (stimulus). (See Appendix A and GB/T20000.4-2003) 3.1.6
Risk criteriarisk criteria
The basis for evaluating the severity of risks (3.1.1). Note: Risk criteria include relevant costs and benefits, legal and regulatory requirements, socio-economic and environmental factors, stakeholder attitudes, priorities and other factors in the assessment process.
Risk managementriskmanagement
Directing and controlling the coordinated activities of an organization with respect to issues related to risks (3.1.1). Note: Risk management usually includes risk assessment, risk treatment, risk acceptance and risk communication. 3.1.8
Risk management systemTiskmanagementsystemThe set of elements of an organization's management system that are relevant to managing risk (3.1.1). 1: Management system elements may include strategic planning, decision-making and other processes for dealing with risk. NOTE?: The risk management system reflects the culture of the organization. 3.2 Terms related to organizations and individuals affected by risk 3.2.1
Stakeholder
stakeholder
Any individual, group or organization that can influence a risk (3.1.1), be affected by a risk or perceive itself to be affected by a risk. NOTE 1: A decision maker is also an interested party. NOTE 2: The term "stakeholder" includes the definition of "interested party" in GT/T 19000-2008. 3.2.2
interested parly
An individual or group that has an interest in the performance or success of the organization. Examples: customers, owners, employees, suppliers, banks, trade unions, partners or society. Note: A group can be composed of: an organization or part of it or multiple organizations. LGB/T190002008, definition 8.3.73.2.3
risk perception riskperception
The way in which stakeholders (3.2.1) view risks (3.1.1) based on their values or interests. Note 1: Risk perception depends on the stakeholders' needs, concerns and knowledge. Note 2: Risk perception may be different from objective data, 2
risk communication risk communication
GB/T 23694—2009/ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 The exchange or sharing of information about risks (3.1.1) between decision makers and other stakeholders (3.2.1). Note: This information may be the existence of risks, their natural characteristics, forms, probability, severity, acceptability, treatment measures and other aspects of risks. 3.3 Terms related to risk assessment
Risk assessment
The entire process including risk analysis (3.3.2) and risk evaluation (3.3.6). Note: This term is "risk assessment" in GB/F20000.4-2003. 3.3.2
Risk analysis
Systematic use of relevant information to identify the sources of risk (3.1.5) and estimate the risks (3.1.1). Note 1: Risk analysis provides a basis for risk assessment, risk treatment and risk acceptance. Note 2: Information can include historical data, theoretical analysis, insights based on reliable information and stakeholder concerns. Note 3: For safety issues, see GB/T 20000.4-2003. 3.3.3
Risk identification
The process of discovering, listing and summarizing the elements of risk (3.1.1): Note 1: Elements can include sources or hazards (sources), events, consequences and probabilities. Note 2: Risk identification can also reflect the concerns of stakeholders, 3.3.4
source identification
Source identification
The process of discovering, listing and describing the sources of risk (3.1.5). Note: In safety, source identification is called hazard (source) identification. (See GB/T 20000.4--2003) 3.3.5
Risk estimation
The process of assigning values to the probability (3.1.3) and consequences (3.1.2) of risks (3.1.1). Note: Risk estimation can take into account costs, benefits, stakeholder interests, and other factors that are different from risk assessment. 3.3.6
Risk evaluation
The process of comparing the estimated risk (3.1.1) with the given risk criteria (3.1.6) to determine the severity of the risk. Note 1: Risk evaluation helps make decisions on whether to accept or deal with a risk. Note 2: For safety-related risk evaluation, see GB/T 20000.4--2003. 3. 4 Terms related to risk treatment and risk control 3.4.1
risk treatmentrisk treatment
The process of selecting and implementing responses to a risk (3.1.1). Note 1 to entry: “risk treatment” sometimes refers to the response itself. Note 2 to entry: Risk treatment measures include avoiding, optimizing, transferring or retaining risks. 3.4.2
risk controlriskcontrol
The act of implementing risk management (3.1.7) decisions. Note 1 to entry: Risk control may include monitoring, reassessing and implementing decisions. 3
GB/T23694—2009/ISO/IECCuidc73.20023.4.3
risk optimizationrisk optimization
The process of minimizing the negative consequences (3.1.2) and the probability of their occurrence (3.1.3) associated with a risk (3.1.1) and maximizing the probability of positive consequences and their occurrence.
NOTE 1: In the context of safety, risk optimization focuses primarily on risk reduction. NOTE 2: Risk optimization depends on risk criteria, including costs and legal and regulatory requirements. NOTE 3: Risks resulting from risk control should be appropriately considered. 3.4.4
Friskreduction
Risk reduction
The act of reducing the negative consequences (3.1.2) of a risk (3.1.1), reducing the probability of its occurrence (3.1.3), or both. 3.4.5
Risk mitigation
mitigation
The act of limiting the negative consequences (3.1.2) of a particular event (3.1.4). 3.4.6
riskavoidance
Risk avoidance
The act of deciding not to enter a risk situation, or to withdraw from a risky situation. NOTE 1: This decision may be based on the results of a risk assessment. 3.4.7
Risk transfer
Risk transfer
The act of sharing the risk (3.1.1) losses and the risk benefits with other organizations. Note 1: Laws and regulations may restrict, prohibit or enforce the transfer of a particular risk. Note 2: Risk transfer can be implemented through insurance or other agreements. Note 3: Risk transfer may give rise to new risks or may change existing risks. Note 4: Rearrangement of risk sources does not constitute risk transfer. 3.4.8
Risk financing
Risk financing is the process of implementing risk treatment (3.4.1) and other related activities. Note: In some industries, risk financing refers specifically to the provision of funds for the financial consequences of a risk. 3.4.9
risk retention
the acceptance of losses or gains from a particular risk (3.1.1). Note 1: Risk retention includes the acceptance of risks that have not yet been identified. Note 2: Risk retention does not include the transfer of risks by insurance or other means. Note 3: The degree of acceptance of risk and the degree of reliance on risk criteria may vary. 3.4.10
riskacceptance
the decision to accept a risk (3.1.1). Note: Risk acceptance depends on the risk criteria. 3, 4. 11
residual risk
residual risk
the risk (3.1.1) that remains after risk treatment (3.4.1) has been completed. Note 1: For clauses on safety issues, see CB/T 20000.4-2003. Note 2: This term is "residual risk" in (13/T 200004--2003). 4
Risk (3.1.1)
Probability (3.1.3)
Event (3.1.4)
Consequence (3.1.2)
Term A and its annotations are defined using terms B and C. GB/T 23694-2009/ISO/IEC Cuide 73:2002 Figure 1 Definitions of terms related to "risk" and their relationships Risk management (3.1.7)
Risk assessment (3.3. 1)
Risk analysis (3.3.2)
Source identification (3.3.4)
Risk estimation (3.3.5)
Risk assessment (3.3.6)
Risk treatment (3.4.1)
Risk avoidance (3.4.6)
Risk optimization (3.1.3)
Risk transfer (3.4.7)
Risk retention (3.1.9)
Risk acceptance (3.4.10)
Wind communication (3.2.4)
Define term A and its annotation with terms B and C. Definition of terms related to "risk management" and their relationship diagram 2
Foodmate.nethttp://foodmate.netGB/T 23694—2009/ISO/IEC Guide 73:2002 Stakeholders (3.2.1)
Related parties (3.2.2)
Term A and its annotations are defined using terms B and C. 3 Definitions of terms related to "stakeholders" and their relationship diagram 3bzxz.net
http://foodmate.net Appendix A
GB/T23694—2009/ISO/IECCuide73:2002 (Normative Appendix)
Terms and definitions in GB/T20000.4—2003 The following terms and definitions apply to safety issues related to risk management. For a term, when it is cited, its original number in G13/T20000.42003 is indicated in parentheses. A, 1 (3. 1)
Safety
The state of being free from unacceptable risk. Note: Adopted from GB/T 20G00. 1—2002 definitions 2, 2.5. A.2 (3.2)
risk
A composite measure of harm, including the probability of harm occurring and the severity of the harm. A.3 (3.3)
harm
Injury to material, or damage to human health, property or the environment. A.4 (3.4)
harmful event
A hazardous situation resulting in harm.
A.5 (3.5)
hazard
A potential source of harm.
Note that the term "hazard" can be classified according to the nature of the harm that can be expected from the source of the harm (e.g., contact hazard, carbon monoxide hazard, cutting hazard, poisoning hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard, etc.). A.6 (3.6)
hazardoussituation
a situation in which persons, property or the environment are exposed to a hazard. A.7 (3.7)
tolerablerisk
a risk that is acceptable within a certain range according to current social values. A.8 (3.8)
protectivemeasure
protectivemeasure
a measure to reduce the risk.
Note: Protectivemeasures include inherently safe design, protective devices, personal protective equipment, information on use and installation, and training. 7
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risk
A composite measure of harm, including the probability of harm occurring and the severity of the harm. A.3 (3.3)
harm
damage to material, or damage to human health, property or the environment. A.4 (3.4)
harmful event
a hazardous situation resulting in harm.
A.5 (3.5)
hazard
a potential source of harm.
Note that the term "hazard" can be classified according to the nature of the harm that can be expected from the source of the harm (e.g., contact hazard, carbon monoxide hazard, cutting hazard, poisoning hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard, etc.). A.6 (3.6)
hazardous situation
a situation in which people, property or the environment are exposed to a hazard. A.7 (3.7)
Tolerable risk
The risk that can be accepted within a certain range according to current social values. A.8 (3.8)
Protective measure
Protective measure
Methods to reduce risk.
Note: Protective measures include inherent safety design, protective devices, personal protective equipment, information on use and installation, and training. 7
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risk
A composite measure of harm, including the probability of harm occurring and the severity of the harm. A.3 (3.3)
harm
damage to material, or damage to human health, property or the environment. A.4 (3.4)
harmful event
a hazardous situation resulting in harm.
A.5 (3.5)
hazard
a potential source of harm.
Note that the term "hazard" can be classified according to the nature of the harm that can be expected from the source of the harm (e.g., contact hazard, carbon monoxide hazard, cutting hazard, poisoning hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard, etc.). A.6 (3.6)
hazardous situation
a situation in which people, property or the environment are exposed to a hazard. A.7 (3.7)
Tolerable risk
The risk that can be accepted within a certain range according to current social values. A.8 (3.8)
Protective measure
Protective measure
Methods to reduce risk.
Note: Protective measures include inherent safety design, protective devices, personal protective equipment, information on use and installation, and training. 7
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