This standard specifies the method of seed germination test. This standard is applicable to the detection of crop seed quality. GB/T 3543.4-1995 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Germination test GB/T3543.4-1995 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for agricultural seed lesting.-Germination lest
1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the method for seed germination test. This standard applies to the detection of the quality of crop seeds: 2 Reference standards
G13/T3513.2 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Samples (GI/T3543.3 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Purity analysis 3 Terminology
31 Germination
GB/T3543.4—1995
Substitute GB 3543—83
The essential structure of the seedlings indicates whether they can grow into positive plants under suitable conditions in the field.
3.2 Germination percentage Germinatian The percentage of normal seedlings grown under the specified conditions and time (see Table 1) to the number of seeds for inspection. 3.3 The essential structure of the seedlings The structure of the seedling varies from one seed to another and consists of the root system, the central axis of the seedling (epicotyl, hypocotyl or mesocotyl), the bud, cotyledons and sheaths. 3.4 Normal seedlings Normal seedlings A seedling that has the ability to continue growing and developing into a normal plant in good soil and suitable water, temperature and light conditions. 3.5 Abnormal seedlings A seedling that cannot continue growing and developing into a normal plant in good soil and suitable water, temperature and light conditions. 3.6 Muitigerm scerl units A seed unit that can produce more than one seedling, such as the unseparated schizocarps of the Umbelliferae family and the bulbs of beets. 3.7 Ungerminated Seedls refers to seeds that cannot germinate at the end of the test period under the conditions specified in Table 1, including hard, fresh ungerminated seeds, dead seeds (usually soft, 4-colored, rotten, and no signs of seedling growth) and other types (such as empty, embryoless or worm-eaten seeds). 3.8 Fresh ungerminated seeds are seeds with normal seedling potential caused by physiological dormancy. They should be kept clean and dust-free during the test. 4 Germination bed
According to the provisions of Table 1, paper and sand are usually used as germination beds. Except for the special circumstances described in Article 6.2, soil or other media should not be used as germination beds for the initial drinking test approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on August 18, 1995 and implemented on June 1, 1996.
GB/T 3543.4-1995
The water quality of the mixing bed should be pure, non-toxic and non-toxic, and the pH value should be 6.0~7. 5.4.1 System bedding
4.1.1 General requirements
It should have good strength, good texture, strong water absorption, good water retention, be sterile, clean, free of soluble pigments or other chemicals, and a pH value of 6.~7.
Filter paper, absorbent paper, etc. can be used as paper bedding. 4.1.2 Biological deafness test
Use the characteristics of species such as Timothy, Red Top, Curved Leaf Broken Grass, Purple Aries and Lepidium to be sensitive to toxic substances in paper during germination. Carry out germination comparison test on paper of unknown quality and quality standard, and identify according to the growth of seedling roots. Observe the root shape when counting or raising the root shape specified in Table 1. If there are signs such as root shortening (sometimes silver-like discoloration, roots curling up from the paper, hairs in bundles) or (unknown) shortening of the root sheath of seedlings, it means that the paper contains toxic substances. 4.2 Sand foam
4.2.1--General requirements
Sand particles are small and uniform, with a diameter of 0.05~0.80rm1m1. Non-toxic, sterile and seedless. Strong water holding capacity, pH value is 6.0~~7.5. It must be washed and sterilized at high temperature before use.
Sand used for germination of seed mixtures treated with chemical drugs shall not be reused. 4.2.2 Biological toxicity determination
The determination shall be carried out in the same way as described in 4.1.2. 4.3 The above
The sand is loose and good, without particles, seeds, non-toxic and sterile, strong water holding capacity, pH value is 6.0~7.5. It must be disinfected before use and generally not reused.
5 Instruments and reagents
5.1 Instruments
5.1.1 Counting equipment
Counting board, movable counting board, vacuum counting device or electric automatic counting device, etc. 5.1.2 Germination equipment
Germination box: with light, temperature control range 10～40℃. a.
h. Jacobson germination device.
Germination room: indoor with adjustable temperature and light conditions. c.
d. Germination device, germination nozzle, germination tray, etc.
5.1.3 Refrigerator
5.2 Reagents
Nitric acid, potassium nitrate, gibberellic acid, hydrogen peroxide. 6 Test procedure
6.1 Number of test samples
From the fully mixed clean seeds, use several devices or hands to randomly select 400 seeds, with 101 seeds as one repetition. Seeds with large seeds or pathogens can be divided into 50 seeds, and the remaining 25 seeds can be divided into: - weight.
The multiple-attached seed unit can be treated as a single-attached seed unit for testing, and does not need to be broken (separated), but first touched. 6.2 Selection of germination bed
GB/T 3543.4—1995
The suitable germination bed for various species has been specified in Table 1. Usually, small seeds use paper + human seeds, medium seeds use sand beds or paper beds, and medium seeds use paper beds. Both sand and pearls are acceptable.
6. 2 1 Paper bed
Paper bed includes paper and paper room
Paper (TP) is to place seeds on one or more layers of paper E for germination. The paper can be placed in a culture III.
b. In a light germination box, the relative humidity in the box is close to saturation c. Jacob germination device.
Paper room (B) is to place seeds between two layers of paper. The following methods can be used: Use another piece of paper to cover the seeds loosely. b. Paper roll, place the seeds evenly on the moist germination paper, and then cover the seeds with another piece of germination paper of the same size, and then roll it into a paper roll, fasten the two ends with rubber bands, and place it vertically. The paper room can be directly placed in a moisturizing germination box tray. 6. 2. 2 Sand bed
Sand specifically includes:
Sand (S), the seeds are pressed into the surface of the sand.
b. Sand (S): Seeds are placed on a half-full layer of sand, and then covered with 10-20 μm thick loose sand according to the size of the seeds. 6.2. 3 Soil
When the seedlings on the paper bed show signs of plant aging or there is doubt about the identification of the seedlings, soil is used as the germination bed for comparison or for certain research purposes.
6.3 Bed culture
According to the requirements of 6., the seeds taken are evenly arranged on the moist germination bed, and a certain distance should be maintained between the seeds. Label the culture container and culture according to the conditions specified in Table 1. During the germination period, the temperature, moisture and ventilation conditions should be checked frequently. If there are seeds that are germinating, they should be removed and rinsed. If they are seriously germinating, the germination bed should be replaced. 6
Species (variant) name
4. Chives
6. Wide vegetables
7 Celery
8: Root celery
11. Stone Xibai
12. Chinese milk vetch
13. Naked steamed friend (several wheat)
14. Common swallow
1G. Winter melon
17. Low node
l&. Beet
19. Leaf beet
20. Root sweet Xin
21. Cabbage type rapeseed
Alleum cefpu L.
Altium fistulosun L
Alfium potun L.
Allium schoenuprasum L.
Altivm tuberasum Rortl.ex Spreng.Amaranthus tricotor L.
Apixm grareolens I..
Apium grazealens l.. var. rapuceum DCArachis hypogteu L.
Arctium lappa L
Asparagus afficinalis L.
Astragalus sinicus L.
Avena mudu L.
Avend sativa L.
Barlla pp- L.
Table 1 Technical requirements for germination of crop plants
Germination beds
TP,RP,S
TP:BP,S
TPIHPS
TP+BPS
TP:BP,S
Beincasa hispida CThunb.Cogn.Benincasahispide
Cogn. var.rhieh-qua
Beta vutgaris L.
Beta udgaris var. cicte
Beta uuigaris yar, rapacea
Brasica campestris L
TPRP'S
TP,BP+S
TP:BP,S
℃,℃
20~-320
2030:20
15~~2520;15
1 5~25,20;15
20~30+25
20~30:20
20-30:25
20~~30;30
20~30:30
20~30+15~252 0
20~30;15-25,2U
20-30,15~25;20
15--25:20
First count
Big number-d
Last count
Days,
Additional instructions, including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
New first freezing
Yanxianzhendong
Pre-freezing
Pre-freezing
Pre-freezing: KN
Mengxianleng also: KNO
Pre-light cooling Freezing: KNO
Shelling pre-heating (40)
Pre-freezing, tetrazolium dyeing
Machine peeling
Pre-heating (30~35℃
Pre-cooling: GA
Pre-washing; Mechanical peeling
Pre-light washing (resurrection 2h. Single embryo 4
h), then drying at 25℃ before germination
Pre-cooling
3543.4-1995
Variety
22 Uncool cabbage (package
Live vegetable. Wuyu vegetable, purple
|Vegetables, vegetables, steamed vegetables)
23. Mustard-type rapeseed
24. Root vegetables
, leaf mustard
26. Shepherd's purse
27: Blue-leaf mustard
28. Chinese kale
2, cabbage
30. Ball-based sweet potato (benzene)
31. Cauliflower
32. Indigofera oleracea
33. Flowering chai
34, cabbage
31, Wansa
36: Shi Jingbi
Brussita canpestrrs L. ssp. chinensis (L.)Makino.
Brassica june'eu Czern. et Casg.Hrassica junceu Coss.
var. merurrhizu I'sen el LeeBrassica jurncea Cuss.
var. foriosa Bailey
Brassea juncea Cuss.
var.tsatsai Mso
Brassica mapes I.
5sp.pekinensis(tnur.Otsson
Brassica oleracea L
VaT.albogtahra Railey
Brassica oteraced L.
Val.sapitata L..
Rrassicn nteracra 1..
var. ranforapa Dt.
Brassica nteracea I..
var.botrytis I..
Rrassrica nferarea I..
var.gemmifera Zenk.
Brassice oteraceu L.
Var. italicu Plench
Bressicu eamfestrs L.
ssp.bekinensrs(Lour).Oleron
Hrassicu fupu L..
Brassica napebrasicu Mill | | tt | |115--2520
15--25;20
15~-25;20
15-25+20
15~2520
15-~25.20||tt ||15~2520
15~~2520
15~25g20
15~25;20
[5---25:20
Initial count
Operation count
Additional instructions, but including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
Pre-light freezing: KNO3
Pre-freezing IGA,
Pre-freezing: GA:: KNO
Pre-freezing G A.KN
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO,
Pre-cold flow KN
Pre-cold ball KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO:
Pre-frozen, KNO
Pre-frozen; GA
Pre-cold aging
Pre-frozen KN
Species (variant) name
37. Mu Yu
10. Chili
41. Sweet condensation
42-Safflower
43. Ruihe
45, Xiangyi
16. Fruit jute
17 Long-fruit jute
48: Wuyao
1.9, Strange hemp
50. Melon
51-Yuegua
52. Cucumber
53. Cucumber
541, First melon
Indian pumpkin
Shangxiannan
Cajanus rajan25
20~~30;30
20~30:30
20~30+15~2520
20~30;15-25,2U
20-30,15~25;20
15--25:20
First count
Big number-d
Last count
Days,
Additional instructions, including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooled
New frozenbzxz.net
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KN
Pre-cooled: KNO
Pre-light frozen: KNO
Shelled and pre-warmed (40)
Pre-frozen, tetrazolium dyed
Machine peeled
Pre-warmed (30~35℃)
Pre-cooled: G A
Pre-washing; mechanical peeling
Pre-light washing (resurrection 2h. single embryo 4
h), then drying at 25°C before germination
Pre-cold aging
3543.4-1995
Variety
22 Uncool cabbage (including
live vegetable. Wuyu vegetable, purple
vegetable learning, vegetable, steamed vegetable)
23. Brassica juncea
24. Root vegetable
|tt||, Leaf mustard
26. Shepherd's purse mustard
27: Blue-leaved mustard
28. Chinese kale
2, Cabbage
30. Ball-based cauliflower (Benzene)
31. Cauliflower
32. Indigofera oleracea
33. Flowering mustard
34, Cabbage
31, Wansa
36: Shi Jingbi
Brussita canpestrrs L. ssp. chinensis (L.)Makino.
Brassica june'eu Czern. et Casg.Hrassica junceu Coss.
var. merurrhizu I'sen el LeeBrassica jurncea Cuss.
var. foriosa Bailey
Brassea juncea Cuss.
var.tsatsai Mso
Brassica mapes I.
5sp.pekinensis(tnur.Otsson
Brassica oleracea L
VaT.albogtahra Railey
Brassica oteraced L.
Val.sapitata L..
Rrassicn nteracra 1..
var. ranforapa Dt.
Brassica nteracea I..
var.botrytis I..
Rrassrica nferarea I..
var.gemmifera Zenk.
Brassice oteraceu L.
Var. italicu Plench
Bressicu eamfestrs L.
ssp.bekinensrs(Lour).Oleron
Hrassicu fupu L..
Brassica napebrasicu Mill | | tt | |115--2520
15--25;20
15~-25;20
15-25+20
15~2520
15-~25.20||tt ||15~2520
15~~2520
15~25g20
15~25;20
[5---25:20
Initial count
Operation count
Additional instructions, but including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
Pre-light freezing: KNO3
Pre-freezing IGA,
Pre-freezing: GA:: KNO
Pre-freezing G A.KN
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO,
Pre-cold flow KN
Pre-cold ball KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO:
Pre-frozen, KNO
Pre-frozen; GA
Pre-cold aging
Pre-frozen KN
Species (variant) name
37. Mu Yu
10. Chili
41. Sweet condensation
42-Safflower
43. Ruihe
45, Xiangyi
16. Fruit jute
17 Long-fruit jute
48: Wuyao
1.9, Strange hemp
50. Melon
51-Yuegua
52. Cucumber
53. Cucumber
541, First melon
Indian pumpkin
Shangxiannan
Cajanus rajan25
20~~30;30
20~30:30
20~30+15~2520
20~30;15-25,2U
20-30,15~25;20
15--25:20
First count
Big number-d
Last count
Days,
Additional instructions, including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooled
New frozen
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KN
Pre-cooled: KNO
Pre-light frozen: KNO
Shelled and pre-warmed (40)
Pre-frozen, tetrazolium dyed
Machine peeled
Pre-warmed (30~35℃)
Pre-cooled: G A
Pre-washing; mechanical peeling
Pre-light washing (resurrection 2h. single embryo 4
h), then drying at 25°C before germination
Pre-cold aging
3543.4-1995
Variety
22 Uncool cabbage (including
live vegetable. Wuyu vegetable, purple
vegetable learning, vegetable, steamed vegetable)
23. Brassica juncea
24. Root vegetable
|tt||, Leaf mustard
26. Shepherd's purse mustard
27: Blue-leaved mustard
28. Chinese kale
2, Cabbage
30. Ball-based cauliflower (Benzene)
31. Cauliflower
32. Indigofera oleracea
33. Flowering mustard
34, Cabbage
31, Wansa
36: Shi Jingbi
Brussita canpestrrs L. ssp. chinensis (L.)Makino.
Brassica june'eu Czern. et Casg.Hrassica junceu Coss.
var. merurrhizu I'sen el LeeBrassica jurncea Cuss.
var. foriosa Bailey
Brassea juncea Cuss.
var.tsatsai Mso
Brassica mapes I.
5sp.pekinensis(tnur.Otsson
Brassica oleracea L
VaT.albogtahra Railey
Brassica oteraced L.
Val.sapitata L..
Rrassicn nteracra 1..
var. ranforapa Dt.
Brassica nteracea I..
var.botrytis I..
Rrassrica nferarea I..
var.gemmifera Zenk.
Brassice oteraceu L.
Var. italicu Plench
Bressicu eamfestrs L.
ssp.bekinensrs(Lour).Oleron
Hrassicu fupu L..
Brassica napebrasicu Mill | | tt | |115--2520
15--25;20
15~-25;20
15-25+20
15~2520
15-~25.20||tt ||15~2520
15~~2520
15~25g20
15~25;20
[5---25:20
Initial count
Operation count
Additional instructions, but including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
Pre-light freezing: KNO3
Pre-freezing IGA,
Pre-freezing: GA:: KNO
Pre-freezing G A.KN
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO,
Pre-cold flow KN
Pre-cold ball KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO:
Pre-frozen, KNO
Pre-frozen; GA
Pre-cold aging
Pre-frozen KN
Species (variant) name
37. Mu Yu
10. Chili
41. Sweet condensation
42-Safflower
43. Ruihe
45, Xiangyi
16. Fruit jute
17 Long-fruit jute
48: Wuyao
1.9, Strange hemp
50. Melon
51-Yuegua
52. Cucumber
53. Cucumber
541, First melon
Indian pumpkin
Shangxiannan
Cajanus rajanOtsson
Brassica oleracea L
VaT.albogtahra Railey
Brassica oteraced L.
Val.sapitata L..
Rrassicn nteracra 1..|| tt||var. ranforapa Dt.
Brassica nteracea I..
var.botrytis I..
Rrassrica nferarea I..
var.gemmifera Zenk.
Brassice oteraceu L.
Var. italicu Plench
Bressicu eamfestrs L.
ssp.bekinensrs(Lour).Oleron
Hrassicu fupu L..
Brassica napebrasicu Mill | |tt||[5--25;20||tt| |115--2520
15--25;20
15~-25;20
15-25+20
15~2520
15-~25.20||tt ||15~2520
15~~2520
15~25g20
15~25;20
[5---25:20
Initial count
Operation count
Additional instructions, but including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
Pre-light freezing: KNO3
Pre-freezing IGA ,
pre-frozen:GA::KNO
pre-frozenG A.KN
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO,
Pre-cold flow KN
Pre-cold ball KNO|| tt||Pre-freeze; KNO:
Pre-freeze, KNO
Pre-freeze; GA
Pre-cool
Disintegrate and freeze KN
Species( Variant) name
37. Muyu
10. Chili
41. Sweet condensation
42-Safflower
43. Ruihe
45, Xiangyi
16. Fruit jute
17 Long fruit jute| |tt||48: Wu Yao
1.9, Strange Hemp
50. Melon
51- Yuegua
52. Cucumber
53. Cucumber
541, the first melon
Indian pumpkin
Shangxiannan
Cajanus rajanOtsson
Brassica oleracea L
VaT.albogtahra Railey
Brassica oteraced L.
Val.sapitata L..
Rrassicn nteracra 1..|| tt||var. ranforapa Dt.
Brassica nteracea I..
var.botrytis I..
Rrassrica nferarea I..
var.gemmifera Zenk.
Brassice oteraceu L.
Var. italicu Plench
Bressicu eamfestrs L.
ssp.bekinensrs(Lour).Oleron
Hrassicu fupu L..
Brassica napebrasicu Mill | |tt||[5--25;20||tt| |115--2520
15--25;20
15~-25;20
15-25+20
15~2520
15-~25.20||tt ||15~2520
15~~2520
15~25g20
15~25;20
[5---25:20
Initial count
Operation count
Additional instructions, but including breaking dormancy
Pre-cooling
Pre-light freezing: KNO3
Pre-freezing IGA ,
pre-frozen:GA::KNO
pre-frozenG A.KN
Pre-frozen
Pre-frozen: KNO
Pre-frozen; KNO,
Pre-cold flow KN
Pre-cold ball KNO|| tt||Pre-freeze; KNO:
Pre-freeze, KNO
Pre-freeze; GA
Pre-cool
Disintegrate and freeze KN
Species( Variant) name
37. Muyu
10. Chili
41. Sweet condensation
42-Safflower
43. Ruihe
45, Xiangyi
16. Fruit jute
17 Long fruit jute| |tt||48: Wu Yao
1.9, Strange Hemp
50. Melon
51- Yuegua
52. Cucumber
53. Cucumber
541, the first melon
Indian pumpkin
Shangxiannan
Cajanus rajanDhwi &. OhashiVigrd radinta (IL.)Wilezek
Vigm umhellata(Thunb. .
unguiculata (L.Verd.
Zea muys I.
Note: The symbols in the table represent: IP
on paper+B1
between paper
on funeral bed
seconds. || tt||Temperature,
20~-30
20--30;25
20-~30;25
20~30:25||tt| |2~0125
20~30:25/20
Cut count
Uncounted
Additional instructions, including breaking Mu Zhu's
3543.4-1995
6.4 Controlling germination conditions
6.4.1 Water and ventilation
CB/T 3543.4-1995
The characteristics of the germination bed and seeds determine the amount of water to be added to the germination bed. For example, the amount of water added to the sand bed should be 60% to 80% of its saturated water content (60% for small and medium-sized seeds such as unripe rice and sedum, and 60% for sedum). For large seeds such as 80%), such as paper beds, after absorbing enough water, remove the excess water. If you use soil for germination, water until the soil is squeezed into a ball. Then gently press the finger to make it smooth. The germination period should be kept moist. Pay attention to ventilation. Especially in paper rolls and sand beds, it should be noted that the paper rolls are quite loose. When using sand beds and ten slope tests, the sand or topsoil covering the swells is not tight. 6.4. 2 Temperature
Germination should be carried out at the temperature specified in Table 1. The temperature of the germination device, germination box, and germination air should be as consistent as possible during the germination period. The temperature specified in the current agricultural 1 is the maximum limit. When there is light, Note that this limit should not be exceeded. The temperature fluctuation of the instrument should not exceed 1°C. When the temperature is low, it should be kept at 16 hours and high for 8 hours. For non-dormant seeds, the temperature can be changed gradually within 3 hours. For dormant seeds, the temperature should be changed sharply within 11 or less hours or the test should be moved to another temperature. 6.4.3 Lighting
Most seeds of the species in Table 1 can germinate in light or dark conditions, but generally use light. The light intensity for light-requiring seeds is 750-1250 lux ( 1.x), if it germinates under variable temperature conditions, The light exposure is carried out at high temperature for 8 hours. 6.5 Treatment of dormant seeds
When there are still hard or fresh seeds that do not germinate at the end of the test, one or more of the following methods can be used for treatment (see Table 1 for details). .1 Methods for breaking physiological dormancy
n. Pre-freezing: Before the test, place each replicate on a moist germination bed and pre-cool it at 5-10°C. For example, wheat should be pre-cooled at 5-10°C. 3d, then germinate at the specified temperature. Zhang.
b, Nitric acid treatment: Rice dormant seeds can be soaked in nitric acid solution [c(HVO,）=0.1mol/L] for 1624h, then placed in bed for germination Potassium nitrate treatment: Potassium nitrate treatment is suitable for many seeds such as cereals and Solanaceae. At the beginning of germination, the germination bed can be moistened with 0.2% (n/V) potassium nitrate solution. During the test period, water can be added to moisten the bed if there is insufficient water. d. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) treatment: oat, barley, rye and wheat seeds are treated with 0.05% (m/V) GA solution to wet the germination bed. When dormancy is less severe, 0.02% (m/V) concentration is used. For deep sleep, use 0.1% (m/V) oxygen. For sedum, use 0.01% or 0.02% (m/V) solution.
e: Hydrogen peroxide treatment: can be used for wheat, barley and rice For dormant seeds, when treated with concentrated hydrogen peroxide (29% (V/V)): soak small seeds for 5 minutes + soak barley seeds for 10-20 minutes. Soak water frost seeds for 2 hours. When treated with dilute hydrogen peroxide, use 1% (V/V) for wheat. Concentration: Use 1.5% (V/V) concentration for barley and 3% (V/V) concentration for water skirt, and soak the seeds for 24 hours. After treatment with concentrated hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide on the seeds must be immediately absorbed with absorbent paper before the seeds are allowed to ferment. Shell (external release) Peel off the fruit skin or cut the fruit skin; crack the seed coat.
g. For hot drying: Place the seeds of each replicate in the germination test under good air conditions. Dry and spread into a thin layer. See Table 2 for the temperature and time of heating 1°C for various crops. Table 2 Temperature and time of heating and drying seeds of various crops Crop name
Barley, Chinese honey
Temperature,
Time,
Crop name
Scrape the old, dye, bedding, onion, cucumber, Shao melon, two shops
6.5.2 Methods for breaking hardness
GB/T3543.41995
Continued Table 2|| tt||7-- 10
a-Boiled seeds: Applicable to cotton and beans. Before the vermilion test, boil the seeds for 2 minutes before germination. ． Mechanical damage: Carefully The seed coat can be pierced, sharpened, filed or rubbed with sandpaper. Leguminosae can be directly pierced into the broad leaf part with a needle, or part of the leaves can be cut off with a blade.
6.5.3 Methods for removing inhibitory substances
When there are germination inhibitors in the pericarp or seed coat of seeds such as beets and spinach, the seeds can be pre-soaked in warm or running water. Wash the sweet potato seeds for 2 hours. Wash the genetic single embryo seeds for 1 hour. Wash the Tibetan vegetable seeds for 1~2 hours. Then dry the seeds. The maximum drying temperature should not exceed 25℃.
6.6 Identification of young plants|| tt||6.6.1 Duration of test
The duration of the test for each species is detailed in Table 1. The time required for dormancy-breaking treatment before or during the test is not considered as part of the germination test time. ||tt || If only one seed of the sample begins to germinate within the specified test time, the test time can be extended by ? d, or half of the specified time. Depending on the test situation, the number of counts can be increased. On the contrary, if only one seed of the sample begins to germinate before the end of the specified test time, the test time can be extended by ? d, or half of the specified time. , the sample has reached the highest fermentation rate, the test can be terminated early.
6.6.2 Identification
Each seedling must be identified according to the standards specified in Appendix A (Supplement). The identification should be carried out when the main structures have developed. Most seedlings should have cotyledons protruding from the seed coat (such as Pueraria), primary leaves unfolding (such as Leucophylla), and leaves protruding from the coleoptile (such as Triticum). At the end of the experiment, not all seedlings had cotyledons protruding from the seed coat, but at least at the end of the count, the "forehead" of the leaf base could be clearly seen. During the counting process, well-developed normal seedlings should be counted from the germination The seedlings that are suspicious, damaged, deformed or unbalanced are usually counted every time. Severely rotten seedlings or poisoned seeds should be removed from the germination bed and the count should be increased at any time. The double-embryo seed units were counted as single seeds, and the test results were expressed as the percentage of seed units that produced at least one normal seedling. When the tester requested, the number of normal seedlings produced by 100 seed units or the number of normal seedlings produced by 100 seed units could also be determined. The number of seed units of one plant, two ladders and two or more plants that are normally young.
6.7 Retest
When the following situations occur during the test, the test should be repeated. . The seeds are suspected of being dormant (i.e., (a) If the test result is not correct due to the spread of fungi or bacteria, the test result may be reported in the following manner: b) If the test result is not correct due to the spread of fungi or bacteria, the test result may be reported in the following manner: If the test is reliable, a sand bed or soil test can be used. If necessary, the distance between seeds should be increased.
Test.
When it is difficult to correctly identify the number of seedlings, the method in Table 1 can be used. When one or more of the methods specified in the test are repeated on a sand bed or soil, if errors are found in the test conditions, seedling identification or counting, the same method should be used to repeat the test. d.
When the difference between the repeated 100 seeds exceeds the maximum allowable distance in Table 3, the same method should be used to retest. If e.
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