Procedural regulations regarding the environment quality monitoring of water for agricultural use
Some standard content:
NY/T 396
According to the relevant provisions of the "National Environmental Monitoring Management Regulations" and the "Garment Industry Environmental Monitoring Regulations", in view of the fact that my country's agricultural environmental monitoring network has been established, in order to meet the needs of work, combined with the functional scope and monitoring capacity of my country's agricultural environmental monitoring, this standard is specially formulated. Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
, This standard was proposed by the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture. The drafting units of this standard: the Ministry of Agriculture Environmental Monitoring Center, the Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Environmental Protection Station. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Suyun, Liu Jianbo, Zhan Xinhua, Liu Fengzhi, and Tao Zhan. 33
1 Scope
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Frocedural regulations regardingthe cnvironnent quality monitoring of water foragricultural use
NY/T 396-2000
This standard specifies the basic requirements for on-site sampling, analysis methods, quality control, data processing and results presentation for the monitoring of the environmental quality of water for agricultural use.
This standard is used for the monitoring of the environmental quality of water for agricultural use. 2 Referenced Standards
The provisions contained in the following standards become the provisions of this standard through their use in this standard: The versions shown are valid at the time of publication of this standard. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB38381988Surface water environmental quality standard
CB50179--1993River flow measurement specificationFarmland irrigation water quality standard
GR50811992
G13 5749--1985
Sanitary standard for drinking water
GB/T57501985Standard test method for drinking water for cattleFishery water quality standard
G13 11607-1989
GB/T 6920-1986
GB/T 7466--1987
GB/T7467
G13/T 7468--1987
CB/T 7475--1987
(B/T 7480 1987bzxz.net
GB/T 7482—1987
GB/T 7483—1987
GB/T 74841987
GB/T 7485—1987
GB/T 7486--1987
GB/T 7487 -1987||tt ||GR/T 7488 1987
GB/T 7489—1987
GR/T7490—1987
Measurement of pH valueGlass electrode method
Determination of total chromium
Determination of hexavalent chromium
Carbon dioxide spectrophotometry
Determination of total mercuryCold atomic absorption spectrophotometry (eqvISO56661-5666-3:1983)Determination of copper, zinc, lead, radiation, atomic Absorption spectrophotometry (negISO/I>P8288) Determination of nitrate nitrogen Disulfonic acid spectrophotometry Determination of fluoride
Determination of fluoride
Alizarin zirconium sulfonate visual colorimetry
Fluorine reagent spectrophotometry
Determination of fluoride Ion selective electrode method
Determination of total base
Silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometry (neISO 6595:1982)
Determination of chemical
Part 1: Determination of total chemical (eqvJSO6703-1:1984) Determination of chemical Part 2: Determination of total chemical (eqJ5)6703-1:1984) Determination of biochemical oxygen demand (BODs)-Dilution and inoculation method (negIS)5815:1983) Determination of dissolved oxygen-Iodometric method (erlvIS05813:1983) Determination of phenol
(en IS0 6439:1984)
Approved by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China on 2000-08-3031
4-Aminoantipyrine after distillation-spectrophotometric method implemented on 2000-12-01
GR/T 74921987
GB/T 7493—1987
GB/T 7494 ---1987
GB/T 11890—1989
GEBT 11891--19SH
GR/T 11893
GB/T 11895: 19 89
G13/T 11896—1989
GB/T 11897 -1989
NY/T 396 -- 2000
Determination of 666 and DDT by gas chromatography Water quality
Determination of nitrite nitrogen by spectrophotometry (eQV15067771984) Head
Determination of anionic surfactants by methylene blue spectrophotometry (neIS) 7875-1:1984) Water quality Determination of benzene series by gas chromatography
Determination of current atmosphere (neg1SO566 3: 1984) Water quality
Determination of total phosphorus Molybdate spectrophotometry
Determination of total nitrogen Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion UV spectrophotometry Determination of chlorine (a) Acetylated filter paper chromatography Fluorescence spectrophotometry Water quality
Determination of chloride Silver nitrate titration
Determination of free chlorine and total chlorine N,N-triethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine titration Water
(eqv ISO 7393-1:1985)
Determination of total chlorine and nitrogen in water spot separation-N,N-ethyl-1,4-levamide spectrophotometric methodGB/T11898---1989
(egv 1S0 7393-2:1985)
GB/1 11900--1989
GH/T 11901 1989
GB/T 11902-1989
G3/T 11911--1989
GB/T11912
GB/T 11914-1989
GB/T 11934-1989
GR/T 11937 1989
GB/T 13195—1991
GB/T 13199—1991
CB/T 1:521993
GB/T 15505--1995
Water qualityDetermination of trace arsenicPotassium borohydride-silver nitrate spectrophotometryWater quality
Determination of suspended matterGravimetric method
Determination of selenium2,3-diaminofluorescence method
Determination of iron and manganeseFlame atomic absorption spectrophotometryDetermination of nickelFlame atomic absorption spectrophotometryWater quality
Determination of chemical oxygen demandDichromate method (eqS06060:1989)Water quality||t t||Standard method for hygienic examination of aldehydes and acrolein in source waterGas chromatographyStandard method for hygienic examination of benzene series in source waterGas chromatographyWater qualityDetermination of water temperatureDetermination by thermometer or colorimeterWater qualityDetermination of anionic detergentsPotentiometric titrationWater and soil qualityDetermination of organophosphorus coatingsGas chromatographyWater qualityDetermination of seleniumGraphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometryWater qualityDetermination of organic compoundsMethylene blue spectrophotometry (neg$010530:1993) GB/T 16-189—1996
NY/T 395--2000
Technical specification for monitoring environmental quality of farmland soil 3 Definitions
The following definitions apply to this standard.
Agricultural water sources
Use rivers, lakes, canals, channels, reservoirs, sewage ditches, etc., surface water sources and groundwater sources for irrigating fields, as well as rural livestock drinking water sources and rural aquaculture water sources. 4 Agricultural water source environmental quality monitoring sampling technology 4.1 On-site investigation and data collection before sampling
4.1.1 Climate, hydrology, geological and geomorphological characteristics of the city of the city, Wangbo type and Yongshi loss situation 4.1.2 Survey the distribution of towns and villages in the area and the layout of industries (including multi-town enterprises), and the discharge of pollutants. 4.1.3 Investigate the agricultural production situation in the area (crop types, production plate, pesticide and fertilizer application, and livestock and aquatic product types, output, etc.). 4.1.4 Investigate the distribution, utilization measures and changes of agricultural water sources in the region, and understand the distribution, impact and water pollution of pollution sources. 4.1.5. Collect other relevant information and pictures, such as current land use map, soil type map, administrative division, water system distribution map, etc. 4.1.6. Sort and classify the collected background information and archive it as important information. 4.2. Layout of monitoring points
4.2.1 Principle of monitoring point layout
NY/T 396—2000
The principle of setting up monitoring points for agricultural water source environment monitoring should start from the harm of water pollution to agricultural production, focus on the key points, take care of the distribution of pollution and the direction of water system, with more monitoring points at water inlet and less monitoring points at water outlet, more monitoring points for heavy pollution and less monitoring points for light pollution. The monitoring focus should be placed on the places with prominent agricultural environmental pollution problems and important to the development of national agricultural economy. At the same time, some fixed-point monitoring should be carried out in the vast agricultural areas to discover new pollution problems.
4.2.2 Monitoring point setting method
4.2.2.1 Monitoring point setting method for irrigation canal water source 2) For small irrigation areas with an area of several hectares to several hundred hectares that directly use sewage for irrigation, monitoring points can be set up at the water inlet of the irrigation area. 1) In areas with ten, In the irrigation system of branch, ditches and main canals, in addition to setting up monitoring points at the water intake of the main canal to understand the initial concentration of pollutants in the water entering the irrigation area, auxiliary monitoring points are set up at the appropriate starting points of branch canals and the end of the main canal, as well as at the water withdrawal points of farmlands, in order to understand the self-purification of pollutants in the lower canals and the possibility of pollution of other surface waters by farmland withdrawal water. However, it should be noted that tailwater or withdrawal water monitoring must be set up upstream of other water sources entering the water flow system. 4.2.2.2 Monitoring point layout method for groundwater source irrigation Monitoring points are set up at groundwater intake wells, and samples are taken every other year for monitoring. 4.2.2.3 Monitoring point layout method for water sources such as rivers, lakes (reservoirs) that affect agricultural areas a) The water source monitoring of major rivers has been undertaken by the national water conservancy and environmental protection departments, and can generally be cited. There is monitoring data. When river water is used to irrigate farmland. In order to monitor the water quality of the river, at least one monitoring point should be set up in the river section near the head of the irrigation canal for regular monitoring throughout the year.
b) For small rivers used for agricultural irrigation and fishery and animal husbandry, monitoring sections should be set up in sections according to their utilization. Set up monitoring sections at the E upstream and sewage mixing points and their downstream where sewage flows in, and set up sewage quality monitoring points in the channels above the sewage inlet to understand the water quality entering the irrigation canal and the impact of sewage on the river water quality. r:) Method of setting up pipes in monitoring sections: For rivers with a year-round width greater than 30m and a water depth greater than 5m, sampling points should be set up at the front, middle and right of the designated monitoring section. Sampling should be done at 0.3~0.5m below the water surface and at a distance of 1.5m. Take water samples at 2m from the bottom of the river and measure them separately; for rivers with a water depth of more than 10hm2, generally, one sample can be taken at the midpoint of the determined sampling section, 0.3-0.5m below the water surface. d) For small water surfaces below 10hm2, if there is no sewage ditch flowing in, generally a sampling section is set in the center of the water surface, and sampling at 0.3-0.5m below the water surface can represent the water quality of the water source. If there is sewage flowing in, additional monitoring points should be set above the sewage ditch inlet and at the clear place of the sewage flow line.
e) For medium and large water surfaces with an area of more than 10hm2, several pieces can be divided according to the actual situation of water surface pollution, and points can be set according to the above method. Additional monitoring points are also set for each sewage inlet and the water surface near the head of the canal for water intake and irrigation according to the above method. f) To understand the impact of sediment on the agricultural environment, sediment sampling points can be set up at water quality monitoring points. 4.2.2.4 Monitoring points for sewage (waste) discharge ditches For ditches that continuously discharge sewage (waste) water to agricultural areas, monitoring sampling points should be set up at the total sewage outlet of the discharge unit, and at the upstream, middle and downstream of the sewage ditch for regular monitoring.
4.2.3 Points to note
4.2.3.1 The location of the river section should avoid dead water areas, and try to be in a straight river section, a stable riverbed, a steady water flow, and a place without rapids and beaches, and pay attention to changes in riverbank conditions.
4.2.3.2 In any case, points should be set up at the place where the water body is mixed, and it should be avoided that the rapid change of the river (channel) flow stirs the bottom sediment, causing significant changes in water quality and losing the representativeness of the sample. 4.2.3.3 At the determined sampling points and edges, select or specially set Sample point markers are installed to ensure that each drinking water sample is taken from the same location. 4.3 Number of monitoring points
4.3.+ Number of water quality monitoring points in irrigation systems
4.3.1.1 For small irrigation areas with an area of only a few hectares to several hectares that directly use sewage for irrigation, a basic monitoring point shall be set up at the water inlet of the irrigation area.
NY/T396--2000
4.3.1.2 In agricultural irrigation systems with ten, branch, ditch and main canals, more than five basic monitoring points shall be set up. 4.3.2 Number of monitoring points for water sources such as rivers, lakes (reservoirs) 4.3.2.1 When a river is used for irrigation of agricultural water, a section shall be set up near the river head. If sewage is discharged into the river section, a monitoring point shall be set up in the sewage canal above the sewage outlet, and a section shall be set up at the L downstream of the sewage inlet, the place where clean and sewage mixed flow and the downstream river channel. 4.3.2.210 For small water surfaces with a surface area of less than 10 hm, a monitoring point shall be set up at the center of the water. If sewage flows in, a monitoring point shall be set up at the sewage inlet and where the sewage flow line disappears.
4.3.2.3 For medium and large water surfaces with a surface area of 10 hm, more than five monitoring points shall be set up. If sewage flows in, a monitoring point shall be set up at the sewage inlet and where the sewage flow line disappears:
4.3.3 Number of groundwater monitoring points for irrigation of farmland. One monitoring point shall be set up at the water outlet of the machine. 4.3.4 Number of monitoring points for sewage (waste) discharge channels: One monitoring point shall be set up at the upper, middle and lower reaches of the sewage (waste) discharge ditch and the sewage outlet. 4.4 Collection technology of Xiangpinbao
4.4.1 Preparation before sampling
4.4. 1.1 Formulation of sampling plan
Before sampling, a sampling plan should be proposed to determine the sampling points, time and route, personnel division of labor, sampling equipment and transportation, etc. 4.4.1.2 Preparation of containers
4.4.1.2.1 Selection of container materials
During the storage period, the water sample container material should have good chemical stability, extremely low insoluble impurities in the container wall, less adsorption of the measured components by the container wall and anti-extrusion materials. The sampling container should be made of polyvinyl chloride plastic and hard glass (also known as tantalum glass). 4.4.1.2.2 Sample plug
Narrow-mouthed containers are required for storing water samples. The sealing plug material should be consistent with the material of the plug as much as possible. Plastic containers should use plastic grommets and glass containers should use glass plugs. Rubber plugs cannot be used for water sample containers for determining organic matter, and glass plugs cannot be used for alkaline liquid containers. Ketosilicone glass containers: This type of container is colorless and transparent, which is convenient for observing samples and their changes. It has good heat resistance and can withstand corrosion from strong acids, strong oxidants and organic solvents.
Polyethylene container: This type of container is impact-resistant and easy to transport and carry. It is not corroded by liquid hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid and concentrated alkali at room temperature, and is very stable to many reagents. When storing water samples, it rarely adsorbs most metal ions, but it has adsorption effects on chromate, hydrogen sulfide, and iodine. It is suitable for storing most inorganic samples, but not for storing water samples for measuring organic pollutants. Special sample containers: Special containers should be used for dissolved oxygen, and samples for measuring BOD should be equipped with sharp glass stoppers to reduce the degree of air oxygen adsorption. Special sealing measures are required during transportation. Sample containers used for microbial monitoring are required to withstand high temperatures during sterilization. 4.4.1.2.3 Container cleaning
Use sang ethylene or hard glass containers. When holding water samples, they are usually cleaned with detergent, rinsed with tap water, soaked in 10% nitric acid or hydrochloric acid for 8 hours, rinsed with tap water, and then washed with distilled water for 3 times; containers for chromium water samples can only be washed with 10% nitric acid, and then washed with tap water and window water in turn; containers for total mercury water samples should be thoroughly rinsed with 1:3 nitric acid, left for several hours, and then rinsed with tap water and distilled water; wide-mouthed glass bottles should be used for oil sample containers. After washing according to the general washing method, they should be thoroughly rinsed with petroleum ether extractant for 3 times.
4.4.1.3 Sampler preparation
The sampler uses a) Polyethylene plastic buckets, single-layer water collectors and organic glass water samplers. a) Polyethylene plastic buckets: Suitable for collecting samples of most water quality and aquatic life monitoring items except for surface water in water bodies with special requirements such as dissolved oxygen, oil, and bacteriological indicators. 3) Single-layer water sampler: It can be used from surface water to deeper water bodies, suitable for collecting samples for some monitoring items. This type of sampler must be used for oil and bacterial indicators.
c) Organic glass water sampler: This water sampler is equipped with a mercury thermometer and has a wide range of uses. Except for oil and bacteriological indicators, it is suitable for collecting samples of most water quality and aquatic life monitoring items. 37
4.4.1.4 Preparation of on-site agricultural sample items
NY/T 396 —2000
) Equipment for measuring water quality parameters: pH meter, dissolved oxygen meter, conductivity meter, water temperature meter, colorimeter, etc. b) Hydrological zero measurement equipment: flow rate, measuring instrument, etc. e) Goods transported: This box.d) Sample preservatives and glass testers: acid and alkali chemical reagents, pipettes, ear bulbs, etc. 3) Sample size, markers, note paper, etc. f) Safety protection supplies: 1. Work clothes, clothing, and medicines. 4.4.2 Sampling method
Water samples are generally sampled instantly. Before collecting water samples, the sampling bottle and stopper should be washed with water for 2 to 3 times. 4.4.2.1 Collection method of groundwater source for irrigation When taking water samples, the machine should be turned on and drained for several minutes to discharge the impurities and old water accumulated in the pipes before sampling. 4.4.2.2 Collection method of water source for irrigation canal system in rice fields: Generally, sampling of irrigation canals can be collected from the canal entrance to the center of the canal. Sampling can also be done by wading in shallow canals and streams and shallow sampling points near the shore. When sampling, the sampler should stand downstream and face upstream to collect water samples with polyethylene barrels to avoid stirring sediments and prevent water sample contamination. 4.4.2.3 Water source collection methods for rivers, lakes, reservoirs (ponds) In places where water can be directly drawn from rivers, lakes, reservoirs (ponds), appropriate tools such as polyethylene barrels can be used for sampling. When collecting samples from a bridge, a polyethylene barrel (or sampling bottle) tied with a rope can be thrown into the water. Be careful not to mix with materials floating on the water surface. In places where water cannot be directly drawn from rivers, lakes, reservoirs (ponds), sampling can be carried out by boat. The sampling boat is set in the downstream direction of the sampling point to avoid contaminating water samples and stirring up sediments at the bottom of the water. The sampler should collect samples at the front of the boat as far away from the hull as possible: 4.4.2.4 Water source collection methods for sewage (waste) discharge ditches In ditches that continuously discharge sewage (waste) water to agricultural areas, first use polyethylene barrels to sample at the discharge port, and then use polyethylene barrels to sample in the waterway. 4.4.3 Sampling requirements
4.4.3.1 Before sampling, the hydrological parameters, physical and chemical parameters and environmental meteorological parameters of the water body should be measured on site as much as possible. a) The main hydrological parameters are: water width, water depth, flow, flow velocity, flow path, sand base, etc. When the work requirements are strict (such as calculating sewage payment), they should be measured according to GR50179. When the requirements are not strict, they can be estimated visually. b) The main physical and chemical parameters are: water temperature pH, free oxygen, conductivity and some sensory indicators. c) The main meteorological parameters are: weather conditions (rain, snow, etc.), temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind direction, wind speed. 4.4.3.2 After collecting water samples, different types of preservatives should be added on site according to the requirements of the measured items, and one-tenth of the headspace should be left in the container (except for D () measurement). Ensure that the sample does not overflow, and then cover the inner and outer covers. 4.4.3.3 When sampling multiple times, the number and position of the horizontal and vertical points of the cross section should be completely accurate, and try to keep it consistent each time. 4.4.3.4 The sampling personnel should wear work clothes and should not use cosmetics. They should not smoke when dividing and sealing samples on site. The car should be placed 50 m away from the downwind direction of the sample section.
4.4.3.5 Sampling requirements for special monitoring projects 4.43.5.1 pH and conductivity: pH should be measured on site. If conditions are limited, it can be measured in the laboratory. The measured samples should be in a well-sealed container. Water samples are unstable and not suitable for preservation. Therefore, the sampler should be filled immediately after collecting the sample. In addition, when filling the sample, the sample container should be completely filled from the bottom of the sampling bottle and tightly sealed to isolate the air. 4.4.3.5.2 Free oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand: Free oxygen should be measured on site. If conditions are limited, it can be measured in the laboratory. The free oxygen in water should be measured by iodine titration. The water sample should be collected directly into the sample bottle. When collecting water, be careful not to aerate the water sample or leave bubbles in the sampling bottle. Special samplers such as straight-type water sampling and special dissolved oxygen bottles can prevent the interference of violent aeration and residual gas on the sample. If you use organic glass water samplers, ball-hip water samplers, inverted water samplers, etc., you must prevent the water from being stirred, and the water should be added slowly and carefully. When the mixed product is not rotten and is collected directly with a dissolving bottle, but needs to be divided from the sampler (or sampling bottle), the dissolved oxygen sample must be collected first: and it should be done immediately after the sampler is taken out of the water. Use a latex tube to connect the water inlet or connect it to the sampling bottle by siphoning, and draw the other end of the latex tube into the bottom of the dissolved oxygen bottle. When injecting the water sample, first slowly inject it to a small half of the bottle, and then quickly fill it up. When the water sample overflowing from the bottle reaches one-third to one-half of the dissolved oxygen bottle, slowly withdraw the tube while maintaining the overflow state, and add manganese salt solution and magnetic potassium iodide solution in sequence. When adding, the tip of the pipette should be slowly inserted into the sample surface slightly below the sample surface, and the reagent should be slowly injected. Carefully cover the bottle, turn the sample bottle upside down for more than 5 times, and send it to the laboratory for analysis as soon as possible. 4.4.3.5.3 Suspended matter: For water samples used for the determination of suspended matter, the sample should be released from the sampler as soon as possible after sampling. The sampler should be shaken while bottling to prevent the suspended matter from settling in the sampler. Non-replaceable impurities such as leaves and stalks should be removed from the sample. Before filling, the sampler and bottle cap should be thoroughly rinsed with water.
This type of sample for analysis is stored in a dry place, so it should be analyzed as soon as possible after collection. 4.4.3.5.4 Heavy metal pollutants, chemical oxygen depletion: Heavy metal pollutants and some organic pollutants in water bodies are easily adsorbed by suspended matter. Especially when the suspended matter content in the water body is high, after the sample is collected, the pollutants contained in the sample of the sampler will settle with the sinking of the suspended matter. Therefore, the sampler (sampling bottle) must be shaken while filling the sample into the sampler to reduce the sedimentation of the substance to be measured. Ensure the representativeness of the sample:
4.4.3.5.5 Oil: When measuring the dissolved or emulsified oil content in water: the sample bottle should be fixed in the water with a single-layer water sampler and directly placed in the water. After sampling, it should be quickly raised to the surface of the water to maintain a certain headspace volume. It should be extracted with petroleum ether on site. It is forbidden to rinse the accompanying sample container for oil measurement with water sample in advance. 4.4.3.6 Quality control sample sampling requirements
1) On-site empty sample: On-site empty sample refers to the sample that is bottled, stored, transported, and sent to the laboratory for analysis on site with pure water as the sample + according to the collection method and requirements of the measurement item under the same conditions as the sample. b) Field parallel sampling: Field parallel sampling refers to collecting parallel double samples under the same sampling conditions and sending them to the laboratory for analysis. 7) The number of field blank samples and field parallel samples collected shall be controlled at about 10% of the total number of samples, or 2 samples in each batch. 4.4.4 Sampling depth
4.4.4.1 Surface water shall be collected from canals used for farmland irrigation. 4.4.4.2 Surface water shall be collected from small rivers used for agricultural irrigation) For rivers with a width of more than 30 meters and deeper water, samples shall be collected at 0.3-0.5m below the water surface and 2m from the river bottom. For rivers with a depth of less than 10.5m, samples shall be collected at 1.3-0.5m below the water surface. b) For lakes, reservoirs (ponds), samples shall be collected at 0.3-0.5m below the water surface. 4.4.5 Sampling volume
The amount of water sample collected is determined by the monitoring project. The actual amount of water collected is 3 to 5 times the actual amount used. Generally, 50 to 2000 mL is collected to meet the requirements.
4.4.6 Sampling time and frequency
4.4.6.1 Determine the sampling time and frequency based on the water use time of the local main irrigation crops or the purpose of monitoring 1) Arrange the sampling frequency based on the water use time of the local main irrigation crops. Generally, it is required to sample at least once in each irrigation period. b) For wheat, rice and corn, the main food crops grown in my country, the sampling frequency at each stage of their growth and development period is: wheat: sampling during pre-sowing water, wintering water, greening water, jointing water, heading water, grain filling water, etc., with emphasis on wintering water and greening and jointing; single-season rice: sampling during field soaking, division, jointing, and grain filling periods, with emphasis on division and jointing periods; double-season rice: sampling in mid-May to late June, early August, and September; corn: sampling during pre-sowing, seedling, jointing, incubation, and grain filling periods, with emphasis on jointing and heading periods. 4.4.6.2 The sampling frequency of rivers, lakes (reservoirs) and other water sources used for irrigation is divided into two water periods: flood, dry and normal. Sampling is done once a year. At the same time, it is also necessary to supplement 1-2 samplings during the centralized irrigation period in combination with local farming conditions. Sediment sampling is done once a year.
4.4.6.3 Sampling frequency of groundwater sources used for irrigation Groundwater quality is generally stable, and sampling is performed 1 to 2 times each year during the main irrigation period. 4.4.6.4 Sampling frequency of rural drinking water sources 3
NY/T 396—2000
If the sampling point is the same as the sampling point for farmland irrigation water quality monitoring, it is not necessary to repeat the sampling, and only relevant items need to be added during the analysis. If the sampling points are different, the sampling frequency should be reduced according to the three water periods of flood, dry and normal water periods in a year, and the sampling frequency should be reduced by at least one time each year. 4.4.6.5 Sampling frequency of water source for aquaculture in rural areas. If the sampling point is the same as the sampling point for water quality monitoring of agricultural and mountain irrigation, it is not necessary to repeat the sampling. Only relevant items need to be added during the analysis: If the sampling point is different, at least one sample is analyzed each year according to the seedling stage, growth stage and fishing stage of fish, shrimp and other aquatic products. 4.4.6.6 Sampling frequency of water source for sewage (waste) discharge ditches is once a year according to the early season and rainy season.
4.4.6.7 Sampling frequency for pollution accidents, etc.
In case of special circumstances (pollution accidents, etc.), the sampling frequency should be increased at any time for emergency monitoring to understand the pollution situation. 4.4.7 Sampling site records
Carefully fill in the water sampling site records, sample labels, sample registration forms, etc., and write with hard pencil or ballpoint pen. The sample registration form should be in 3 copies. See Figure 1 for sample labels, Table A1 and Table A2 in Appendix A for sampling records and sample registration forms. Agricultural water source sample labels
Sample number
Sample name
Sampling location
Monitoring items
Amount of preservative skin
Sampler.
Business code
Sampling time
Figure 1 Agricultural water source sample labels
4.4.8 Sampling precautions
4.4.8.1 Ensure that the sampling point is accurately located during sampling and do not stir up the bottom anti-accumulation. 4.4.8.2 Before the clean container is filled with water samples, it should be rinsed 2~3 times with the water sample from the sampling point, and then the water sample should be filled. 4.4.8.3 The water sample to be tested for dissolved oxygen should strictly not be exposed to air, and other water samples should also be exposed to air as little as possible. 4.4.8.4 Before the end of sampling, the sampling records and water samples should be carefully checked. If there are any omissions or non-compliant ones, they should be immediately supplemented or collected. Only after checking and confirming that they are correct can you leave the site. 4.5 Sample number
4.5.1 The sample number of agricultural water source consists of category code and sequence number. 4.5.1.1 Category code: It is represented by 1~2 capital letters of the Chinese pinyin of the agricultural water source keyword, that is, "SH\ represents agricultural water source samples. 4.5.1.2 Sequence number, Arabic numerals are used to represent samples collected from different locations, the sample number starts from SH001, and one sequence number refers to a sample collected from one sampling point.
4.5.2 Control point and background spot sampling, add CK after the number. 4.5.3 The number of sample registration and sample operation should be consistent with the number of the collected sample to prevent filtration. 4.6 Transportation of samples
Before transportation, water samples must be checked against the sampling records and sample labels one by one. After checking, the inner and outer covers of the sample container should be tightly closed. When packing, foam plastic or corrugated paper should be used to separate the samples to prevent them from being damaged or contaminated due to movement or collision during transportation. Samples that need to be cooled should be equipped with special insulation containers, put in refrigerants, and the sample bottles should be stored in them. When the samples are transported, they must be escorted by a special person. When the water samples are submitted for laboratory analysis, the receiver and the transporter must first check the samples and verify the marks. When they are correct, both parties sign on the sample registration form. 4h
Storage of samples
NY/T 396
After sampling, the water samples should be analyzed as soon as possible; if the water samples cannot be analyzed in time, different storage methods should be adopted according to the requirements of different monitoring items. See Table 1 for the sample preservation technology for monitoring agricultural water sources. Table 1 Sample preservation technology for monitoring agricultural water source environment. No. Monitoring items Biochemical oxygen content Ionic surfactant Water temperature () Total base Chloride Sulfide Chromium (hexavalent) Oxide Cyanide Petroleum Phenol (solvent rinser) Add sulfuric acid Storage conditions Add sulfuric acid to pH 2.2~5C Cool 2~5 C Add chlorine to 2--5 C Cool Sulfuric acid to pH <2.25 C cut
bowl acid to pH <2,2~5 cold need
lower than water temperature or 2~5 ℃ cold load
2~5℃ cold feeling
add sodium hydroxide to neutral, such as 2 mL 1 mol/L ethyl zinc and 1 ml. 1 mol per liter of water sample. /1. Sodium hydroxide
Add nitric acid to pH<2
Add nitric acid to pH<2
Add acetic acid to pH<2
Sodium hydroxide to pH&~9
Add nitric acid to pH<2
Add nitric acid to pH<2
Add nitric acid to H2
Add acetic acid to pH2
Add nitric acid to H2<2
2~5Cold
Add hydrogen hydroxide to pH>12
Add triturated acid to pH≤2.2~3Cold
Add copper sulfate to 1 g/L, phosphoric acid to pH<2,2~5 C Refrigeration
Storable time
Half a month
6 months
6 months
6 months
6 months
G months
It is best to measure as soon as possible
It is best to measure as soon as possible
Measure as soon as possible
Measure in person
It is best to measure on site
Must be fixed on site|| tt||No nitric acid acidification
Relevant determination
Monitoring item 11
"Su Yi cheese
Acetoaldehyde
Fecal coliform count?
Nullary egg count
Total number of bacteria
Total number of bacteria
Decomposition
Organic disc
Plastic; G
Collection of samples
12 000
Silicon glass.
NY/T 396 : 2000
(Complete)
Storage conditions
2~5 Refrigerated
G (Sterilization container) 2--5 Refrigerated
G<Sterilization container) 2~5C: Refrigerated
G Sterilization container) 2~-5C Refrigerated
G (Sterilization container) 2~5C Refrigerated
Add manganese sulfate and irritant potassium iodide
2～5C Refrigerated
12--5 Storage
Storage time
4--8 h
Measure as soon as possible
Measure as soon as possible
On-site benzene
2) When taking chlorinated or chlorinated water samples, add 0.1mL of 10% (W/W> sodium sulfate per 125mL before disinfecting the sample bottle used to eliminate the inhibitory effect of chlorinated or chlorinated sodium sulfate on bacteria. For water samples with a content of more than 0.01mg per month, 0.3mL of 15% (W/W) EDTA should be added to each 123mL volume before disinfecting the container. Use chemical methods to preserve water samples, and the preservative can be added to the water sample after sampling. In order to avoid the preservative being contaminated, the base can also be added to the container in advance in the laboratory, but the preservative that is easy to deteriorate cannot be added in advance. The preservative of the water sample, if it is acid or alkali, should use a high-grade pure product. If the preservative contains many impurities, it must be purified, and a blank test should be performed when analyzing the water sample.
5 Monitoring items and analysis methods for agricultural water environment quality 5.1 Principles for determining monitoring items
5.1.1 Key items
5.1.1.1 All pollutants required to be controlled in GB 5081, GB 11607 and GB 5749 need to be monitored. 5.1.1.2 Pollutants that are not required to be controlled in the above three water quality standards, but are confirmed to accumulate in water bodies, cause great harm to agricultural production, have a wide range of impact, and are highly toxic according to local environmental pollution conditions (such as agricultural air, agricultural water, etc.), are also mandatory items. Specific items are determined by local areas.
5.1.2 General items
Selected and measured by local areas. The selected items generally include the following categories: a) Newly included pollutants that accumulate less in agricultural water sources; h) Agricultural water source characteristics indicators whose agricultural water source characteristics have changed due to agricultural water source environmental pollution; c) Agricultural state environmental indicators.
5.2 Principles for selecting analytical methods
5.2.1 Method: Standard method (i.e. arbitration method). Analytical methods selected from GB135084, GB11607 and GB5749. 5.2.2 Method: Methods specified or recommended by authoritative departments 5.2.3 Method: Equivalent methods can be selected based on the actual situation of each station. Batch experiments should be conducted. The detection limit, accuracy and precision should not be lower than the requirements of the machine method or the requirements for accurate quantification of the object to be measured. 12
5.3 Analytical methods for monitoring items
NY/T 3962000
Agricultural water source monitoring wine and analytical methods are shown in Table 2.Table of agricultural water source monitoring and irrigation project analysis method
Chemical lake
Yujieke
Super zeolite
Separate bottom cleaning agent
Kaiminjiao
Full-proof building
Hexavalent chlorine
Biochemical incubator
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Thermometer
Acidity meter
Analytical balance
Runlu only
Original spectroscopy
Atomic absorption spectrometer
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Atomic absorption spectrometer
Atomic absorption spectrophoto ... ||Most Known Method
Methylene Blue Spectrophotometry
Acid Titration
Potassium Persulfate Spectrophotometry
Ammonium Sulfate Spectrophotometry
Thermometer Determination
Glass Electrode Method
Quantitative Method
Cold Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Fluorescence Method
Flame Absorption Spectrophotometry
Stone Ion Absorption Spectrophotometry
Diethyl Dicarbonate Silver Spectrophotometry Potassium Sulfate Silver Spectrophotometry
Potassium Permanganate Oxidation of Diphenylcarbonyl
Spectrophotometry
Diphenylcarbonyl spectrophotometry
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Method source
GB 7488
GR/T :1914
GR/T 7489
GH/T 11901
GB/TM94
G1/T:11891
GB/T 11894
G/F11893
GR/T13195
GB/T6920
GB5081
CB7468
《Methods for Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Degree of Pollution》
Third Edition
GH/T 747
&Methods for Monitoring and Analysis of Aqueous Wastewater
GB/T 7485
GB/T 11900
GB/T 7466
GB/T 7467
GH/T7475
Water and Degree of Water Monitoring and Analysis
GB/T7475
&Water and Degree of Water Monitoring and Analysis Methods》
Third Edition
GB/T 11911
GB/T11511
GB/T 7475
Current analysis methods for water and wastewater
Third edition
Monitoring items
Oxide
Sulfide
Cyanide
Fluoride
Free fluoride and total fluoride
Nitrite nitrogen
Nitrogen
Petroleum
Volatilization
Benzene series
Arsenic aldehyde
chloroacetaldehyde
total coliform group
worm egg count
total bacteria count
yellow coliform group
isolated detergent
organochlorine coating drug
organophosphorus pesticide
laihui (a)chen
monitoring device
fluorescence spectrophotometer
atomic absorption spectrometer
ion Submeter
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Spectrophotometer
Analytical balance
UV-visible photometer
Infrared oil tester
Spectrophotometer
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatograph
Spectrophotometer
Gas chromatograph
Optical micrometer
Optical microscope
Counter
Optical microscope
Acidity meter
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatograph
Fluorescence photometer
NY/T 396 - 2000
Table 2 (end)
Monitoring force method
2.3 Diazoxy fluorescence method
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Ion selective plate method
Alizarin zirconium sulfonate visual colorimetry
Oxygen reagent spectrophotometry
Methylene blue spectrophotometry
Isonicotinic acid phenanthene colorimetry
Pyridine-barbituric acid colorimetric method
Silver nitrate titration method
NN-ethyl-1,4-glycidylamine
Filtration method
N,N-diethyl-1,4-benzenediamine
Spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry
Pyrrolidone spectrophotometry
Turmeric photometry
|Azomethine-H acid spectrophotometry
Repainting method
Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
Non-iron scattering infrared method
Aminoanthracene spectrophotometry
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatography
Pyrazolone spectrophotometry
Gas phase thermal harmonic method
Multi-tube fermentation method
Precipitation nest egg method||tt ||Shadow counting method
Multiple tube fermentation method
Electrodetriggering method
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatography
Acetylated filter paper chromatography fluorescence method
Method source
(13/T11902
GH/T15505
GB/T7484
GH/T 74H2
GB/T7483
GB/T16189
GB/T 7486
GB/T 7487
GB/T 11896
GB/T11897
GB/T 11898
GB/T7493
GB/T7480
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
GB/T 7490
GB/T 11890
GB/T 11934
Water and water monitoring and analysis methods
Third edition
GB/T5750
GB 5084
GB/T 5750
Surface water and degree water monitoring and analysis methods
Second edition
GB/T 13199
GB/T7492
GB/T 14552
GH/T 118954-Benzene dicarboxylic acid spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry
Pyrrocyanide spectrophotometry
Ginger radish spectrophotometry
Azomethine-H acid spectrophotometry
Repainting method
Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
Non-iron scattering infrared method
Aminoamylpyrine spectrophotometry
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatography
Pyrazolone spectrophotometry
Gas Thermal harmonic method
Multiple tube fermentation method
Precipitation nest egg method
Shadow counting method
Multiple tube fermentation method
Electrodetentiation method
Gas chromatograph
Gas chromatography
Acetylated filter paper chromatography fluorescence method
Method source
(13/T11902
GH/T15505
GB/T7484
GH/T 74H2
GB/T7483
GB/T16189
GB/T 7486
GB/T 7487
GB/T 11896
GB/T11897
GB/T 11898
GB/T7493
GB/T7480
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
Methods for monitoring and analysis of water and wastewater
Third edition
GB/T 7490
GB/T 11890
GB/T 11934
Water and water monitoring and analysis methods
Third edition
GB/T5750
GB 5084
GB/T 5750
Surface water and degree water monitoring and analysis methods
Second edition
GB/T 13199
GB/T7492
GB/T 14552
GH/T 11895
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