This standard specifies the biochemical (tetrazolyl) determination of seed viability, seed health determination, seed weight determination and coated seed quality inspection. This standard is applicable to the inspection of crop seed quality. GB/T 3543.7-1995 Crop Seed Inspection Procedure Other Items Inspection GB/T3543.7-1995 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Rules for agricultural seed testing--Other testing
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 3543.71995
Replaces GB3543--83
This standard specifies the biochemical (tetrachloroethylene) determination of seed vitality, seed health determination, seed weight determination and coated seed quality inspection methods
This standard is applicable to the quality inspection of crop seeds. 2 Reference standards
GB/T3543.2 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Sampling GB/T3543.3 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Purity analysis (HB/T3543.4 Inspection procedures for crop seeds Germination test 3 Terms
3.1 Seed viability
The potential ability of seeds to germinate or the vitality of the embryo. 3.2 Seed health
Whether the seeds carry pathogens (such as fungi, bacteria and viruses), harmful animals (such as worms and pests). 3.3 Incubation
Cultivate seeds in an environment that is conducive to the development of pathogens or symptoms. 3.4 Seed weight the weight of 000 The national seed quality standard for seeds stipulates the weight of 1,000 seeds with moisture content in grams. 3.5 Pelleted seeds seedpellets
For precision tray sowing, the whole batch of seeds is usually made into single spherical seed units with no obvious differences in size and shape. The pellet material added to pelleted seeds may contain pesticides, dyes or other additives. 3.6 Coated seeds enrusted seeds
The shape of the seeds is similar to the original seed units, and the size and weight can vary greatly. The coating material may contain pesticides, fungicides, dyes or other additives.
3.7 Blanket seeds
Seeds are randomly arranged in strips, groups or spread on a whole piece of wide and thin blanket material (such as paper or other low-grade materials). 3.8 Strip seeds tapes
Seeds are arranged in clusters or single rows on narrow materials (such as paper or other low-grade materials): Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision in 1995-0818
Implementation on 1996-06-01
3.9 Treated seed
GB/T 3543.7- 1995
Treatment of seeds with pesticides, dyes or other additives does not cause significant changes in their size and shape or increase their original weight. Treated seeds can still be tested according to the methods specified in G:B/T3543.13543.6. Part I Biochemical (tetrazolium) Determination of Vitality 4 Reagents
Use 0.1%~1.0% (m/V) solution of tetrazolium. 1.0% solution is used for dyeing seeds without cutting the embryo, while 0.1%-0.5% solution can be used for dyeing seeds with cut embryos. The prepared solution must be stored in a dark place or in a brown bottle. If the pH value of the solution prepared with steamed water is not within the range of 6.5~7.5, use phosphate buffer to prepare it. The preparation method of phosphate buffer is as follows:
Solution 1: Weigh 9.078 potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and dissolve it in 1000 mL Dissolve 1 9.172 g sodium hydrogen phosphate (NaHPO4) or 11.876 g disodium hydrogen phosphate (NaHPO4-2HPO4) in 1 (00 mL) of distilled water.
Take 2 parts of solution 1 and 3 parts of solution 1 and mix them to form a buffer. Dissolve the exact amount of tetrazolium salt in the buffer to obtain the exact concentration. For example, if 1 part of tetrazolium salt is dissolved in every 100 mL of buffer, a solution with a concentration of 1% is obtained.
5 Instruments and equipment
5.1 Temperature control equipment
a. Electric thermostat or germination box:
b. Refrigerator.
5.2 Observation equipment
a. Stereo microscope or hand-held magnifying glass
b. Adequate and soft light.
5.3 Container
|a. Brown quantitative liquid doser,
b. Non-standard dyeing tray.
5.4 Cutting tools
Single-sided blade, spear-shaped solution needle, small needle, etc. 5.5 Pre-wet items
Filter paper, absorbent paper and towel, etc.,
5.6 Balance
The balance sensitivity is 0.001.
5.7 Others
Dancers, straws, etc.
6 Determination procedure
6.1 Number of test samples
At least 200 seeds shall be tested each time. Randomly select several replicates of 100 seeds or less from the clean seeds that have been analyzed for purity and fully mixed. If the vitality of dormant seeds in the germination period is to be determined, only dormant seeds at the end of the test shall be used. 6.2 Pre-wetting of seeds
Pre-wetting means that some seeds must first remove the external appendages of the seeds (including peeling the husk) before pre-wetting. It is better to break the seed coat in the non-critical parts of the seeds. For example, the inner and outer parts of the seeds shall be removed and the hard seeds shall be shaved off. In order to accelerate the full absorption of moisture and soften the seed coat. Sample preparation: In order to improve the uniformity of dyeing, seeds are usually pre-mixed before dyeing. Depending on the species, the pre-condensation method is different. · The seeds are slowly moistened, that is, the seeds are placed on or between papers to absorb moisture. It is suitable for seeds that are easily broken when directly immersed in water (such as large-grain seeds of the legume family). And many old and over-dried seeds: The other is immersion in water, that is, the seeds are completely immersed in water to allow them to fully swell. It is suitable for seeds that are directly immersed in water without causing tissue rupture and damage. The specific pre-wetting temperature and time for different types of seeds can be found in Table 1. 7
and (whole seed
Puyuan Zhaoqi
Keyanwei
T'riturum eestinnm L.
Iiurdeum wuigure I..
Srrzie ereote L.
Aen satita L.
Avena nutu L.
Zen muys L.
PamirummifieeeenmL.
Setaria itafica Beauy.
Seorghnan bicour (L)
Mocnch
Chyeu sutiza L.
Gersypium spp.
pre-mode
pre-graduation time
30c overflow
water seed~
:4 h. or space
paper space or water Same as above
paper space or water: Same as above
paper river water
paper space or water
Table 1 Technical requirements for tetrazolium staining of crop seeds Preparation for staining
Number of cuts and quarters of endosperm,
Separate the viscera with scutellum
Except the upper shell, cut both
and quarters of endosperm.
1 Make a horizontal cut near the liver
Longitudinal cut of embryo and most of endosperm
Make a horizontal cut near the compression.
Longitudinal cut along the tip of the endosperm
Longitudinal cut embryo and part of the seed
Longitudinal cut embryo and one-quarter of the seed
Longitudinal cut half of the seed
Remove part of the seed coat
Remove the remains of the endosperm
Filter concentration 31 stain
Standard treatment
Observe the cut:
Observe the other side
Cut or open, make,
Observe the moving side
Observe the cut and
In this case, the seed is not stained.
The largest and more necrotic!
The lower two ends of the scutellum
The original beam color
I hate that most of it is not soft,
There is
dyeing in the center of the store.
It shows that it has been heated
, but the original root body must be damaged
reported, the scutellum [the lower two ends
One small frame color
The top third of the root is not beam
.One-third of the top of the farm is not dyed. One-third of the top of the farm is not dyed.
There is a small area of
dead|| on the surface of the cotyledon or the tip of the cotyledon...unstained
if necessary, it can be removed
to remove the inner and outer captive
seed
species (variant)
Fagojyrum esculentum
Moench
FagojyrumtataricmbzxZ.net
(L.Gaertn.
Phaseolus vuigaris L.
Prsum seativum L.
Vignu radiata (L.)
Wilczek
Arachis hypogaeaL
Glyeinemar(1..)
nnguicuiata
Itichas lablah IL.
Vicia faba I..
Cucurhitamaschata
Ducheane ex Poinet
Luffaspp.
Cucumis sativus L.
Cirrelus lanatus
Matsum.et Nakat
Benincesa
hispica
Monnrdica charantia L
Cmnmis meio L
Tagrmaria
sreerariar
Prewetting method
Paper or water
Paper or water
Prewetting time
30 yuan: 3 in water
~4 h, starving time
in 20～
3n℃ water
6 ~8 h
change paper time 24h
preparation before dyeing
longitudinally cut along the midline of the fruit
no additional preparation
longitudinally cut one
peel off the seed coat,
use dry cloth or
paper to remove the surface mucus
liquid valve
35r dyeing
time, small
treatment before setting
observe the cold cut surface
cut or remove the species
some live seeds are allowed not to be dyed
large surface false
radicle top one ·||t t||Not stained.
Leaf surface with small areas of necrosis
Root tip not stained, flower
cotyledon.
Expose embryo
Remove seed coat and endothecia for "one-half", heavy and two-half, other species for one-half
hLeaf tip not stained, flower
one-quarter, hanging bean for one-half. HO2
e. Except for hanging bean, root tip is not stained, one-quarter, and root tip is not stained.
b. The top of the seed is not dyed
one
species (variants)
Brassica campestris l..
Non-heading white
Bratsiecg campetris I..
Asp. chenetsis (L.)
Cabbing white cabbage
Cabbage-type oilseed
Flower vegetable
Allium (onion
Leek dye, title, leek
Onion, chives>
Brussica campestris L.
pekinensi.s
(Luur.JOlson
Brassica maparL.
Brassira oteracea
var.capitaia L.
Brassica oleracea L.
var, totrytrs L.
Ruphanus farivus L
Brasmica jsncea Coss.
Caprieah frutesrens L.
Capsicwm fruescenr
ar.grosum
Sotanum melongena L..
Iycoperzcan
tyeopersicum (I..
Karsten
Pre-wetting force type
Pre-setting time
Paper or water
30℃ warm water
Medium seeding 3~
4 h Or paper
paper
paper
In water at 20～
30℃ for 3
-4 h, or paper
12 h
Preparation before staining
Peel off the seed coat.
Cut off the seed coat
a. Make a longitudinal section of the fan.
Do not cut it completely, but keep the base connected.
b. Cut off both cotyledons, but do not||recover the embryo and cotyledons
Punch the seed coat and endosperm in the center of the seed.
b. Cut off the seed end, including a small part of the cotyledon
Stain with 35C liquid for
Time
0. 5~-1. 5. Treatment before identification: Cut the seeds to expose the embryo. The viable part is allowed to be unstained. The maximum area of ​​necrosis is not stained. The top of the radicle is partly necrotic. The seed coat at the top of the cotyledon is partly dead. The seed coat is pressed against the embryo. Tear it apart and expose the embryo. b. Cut off a thin layer of endosperm to expose the embryo. 0.5-1.5 mm. Tear open the endosperm to expose the embryo. b. Cut the seeds longitudinally to make the embryo free. The seed coat and endosperm are completely stained.
b、Endosperm not connected to the embryo has
A small amount is not stained
Embryo and endosperm are all stained
7-1995
(variant)
Hu Jianxia
Chrysanthemum
Grasswood Bureau
Purple Cloud Ci
Apiuzn graveolens L.
Ihaucus carota I..
Foeniculm
Medicaga Bsj.
Melilotux5sp.
negare
Astragales sinicus L.
Lactwrc ratize L.
Chrysentfeenum:coro
var.spatistm
Heliantlims annus L.
Retu vufguris L
Spiaria netcee [..
Gradual wetting method
Prewetting time
At 20～30℃
In medium for 3h
In water at 30℃
Medium diameter for 2~4h
Continued Table 1
Difficulties before dyeing
Dyeing at 35℃
Time, h
Longitudinal cut half of the seed. Well 0.1~0.5
Gradually open the endosperm to avoid the embryo.
b. Cut off one-quarter or one-third of the seed end
Wuheng Yaye
a. Cut the upper half of the seed longitudinally (not the radicle end)
b.Cut off the end of the seed including part of the plum leaf. Cut the upper half of the seed longitudinally or remove the fruit. 0.5 ~~1.4 G~-24. Remove the 1.1 ~- 5.5 width of the embryo. Cut along the line between the embryo and the endosperm and pierce the seed at the boundary between the endosperm and the episperm. Cut horizontally at the same time as the radicle. Treatment before identification: Viable seeds are allowed to be unstained, relatively dead or ringed, and the largest surface is torn! Dye the whole seed and embryo. Make an incision to expose the embryo. b. Cut the seed longitudinally to expose the embryo and endosperm. Remove the seed coat to expose the embryo. a. Cut off the seed coat and cotyledons to expose the embryo. b. Cut the seed and gently squeeze the end to expose the embryo. Remove the shell and open the mouth to make the top half of the radicle not brown.
It is called Gu Ju's division
such as in clothing, but half of it is not
a. The embryo's top half is not
stained,
b. The top half of the cotyledon - the surface
is not stained, or one
is not stained
a. The top third of the radicle is not stained:
"The top surface is not stained
The top third of the radicle is not stained.
The top third of the cotyledon is not pale
0. 5~-1. 5; .
Lead the seeds to be tough.
Make the embryo straighten out,
open instantly
Shaanxi pressure exposure
7—1995
6.3 Preparation before painting
GB/T3543.7—1995
In order to expose the structure of the spur and the living nutrient tissue, and facilitate the rapid and full entry and observation and identification of the tetrazolium solution, the softened seeds should be prepared. The preparation method varies according to the structure of the seed and the position of the embryo (see Table 1 for details), such as longitudinal cutting of the embryo of cereal seeds, longitudinal cutting of the near embryo of Umbelliferae seeds, and longitudinal cutting along the flat surface of the seed of Allium seeds. Watermelon and other species If there is mucus on the surface of the seeds after pre-wetting, it can be removed by drying the surface of the seeds or by wiping the seeds between cloth or paper. 6.4 Staining
Put the prepared seed sample into the staining tray, add tetrazolium solution of appropriate concentration (Table 1) to completely cover the seeds, and transfer to a dark temperature-controlled device at a certain temperature or under the light for staining reaction. The staining time used varies depending on the concentration of tetrazolium solution, temperature, seed type, sample preparation method and other factors. Generally speaking, the higher the concentration of tetrazolium solution, the faster the staining, and the higher the temperature, the shorter the staining time, but the maximum should not exceed 45. When the standard time is reached or the staining is obvious, pour out the tetrazolium solution and use a clean Rinse with water. 6.5 Pre-identification treatment
To facilitate observation, identification and counting, the stained pseudo-seed samples should be properly treated to expose the main structure of the embryo and the living nutritional tissue. For example, some beans should be cut longitudinally along the mid-axis of the embryo, and melons should be peeled off the seed coat and inner membrane. The treatment methods of different types of seeds are detailed in Table 1. 6.6 Observation and identification
Medium-sized seeds can be directly observed and identified with the naked eye or a special magnifying glass. For small seeds, it is best to use a 10-100 times stereo microscope for observation.
When observing and identifying, to determine whether the seeds are viable, it is necessary to determine whether the seeds are viable based on the main structure of the embryo and the relevant living nutritional tissues. The general identification principle is: all the seven major structures of the embryo and the relevant living nutrition tissues (such as the endosperm of the seeds of the genus, Umbelliferae and Solanaceae) are all stained with a bright red or the maximum staining area is larger than the provisions of Table 1, and the ear tissue is normal, which is a normal and viable seed; otherwise, it is a non-viable seed. According to different species, the specific identification standards are detailed in Table 1. According to the identification standards, separate and count each part. 7. Result presentation and report
Calculate the number of viable seeds in each replicate. The maximum allowable difference between replicates shall not exceed the provisions of Table 2, and the average percentage is calculated to the nearest integer.
Table 2 Maximum allowable difference between replicates of viability determination Average viability Percentage
91--92
H4 -86
81---83
78--80
76--77
15--17
4 Repeat
Maximum allowable difference between replicates
3 Repeat
2 repeats
Average productivity percentage
73-75
71~72
64---66
56--63
26---28
29-~30
31--32
33~-34
35---37
38--45
GB/T3543.7—1995
Continued Table 2
Allowable interval between repeats
4 single and multiple repeats
3 times Chongyou
2 times Zhangfa
In the "other measurement items" column of the result report form of GB/T3543.1, it is necessary to fill in "% of seeds with viability determined by tetrazolium".
For beans, cotton seeds and celery, it is necessary to add "% of hard seeds found in the test". The percentage of hard seeds should be included in the percentage of viable seeds reported.
Seed health measurement
8 Instruments and equipment
Microscope (60x binocular microscope)
Incubator:
Near ultraviolet lamp:
Freezer:
High-pressure sterilized steel, culture medium, etc.
9 Determination procedures
9.1 Uncultured tests (cannot indicate the viability of pathogens) a. Direct inspection
Applicable to diseases with obvious symptoms on the surface of larger pathogens or impurities, such as ergot, nematode fistula, worms, black secret disease spores, etc. If necessary, a binocular microscope can be used to inspect the sample, remove the pathogen or diseased grains, weigh them or count their grains. b. Swelling seed inspection
In order to make the fruiting body, disease or pest easier to observe or promote spore release, immerse the test sample in water or other medium, and inspect the surface or inside of the seeds after they swell, preferably using a binocular microscope. c: Washing inspection
Used to inspect pathogenic nematodes attached to the surface of seeds or on the husks, take two samples, 5g each, pour them into 100mL triangular flasks, add 10mL of sterile water, add 0.1% lubricant (such as sulfonated diacids) to make the pathogens more thoroughly washed, and place them on a shaker for 5trin for smooth seeds and 10min for rough seeds. Transfer the washing liquid into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 1000-1500× for 35min. Use a pipette to remove the supernatant, 1mL of the precipitate, and shake slightly. Use a clean fine glass ladder to drop the supernatant on 5 slides. Cover with a cover glass and examine with a microscope at 400-500 times magnification. Inspect 10 fields of view per slide and calculate the average number of spores per field of view. Based on this, the spore load of the pathogen can be calculated according to formula (1): N\XnXng
Spore load per gram of seed:
Wherein: N—
Average number of spores per field of view:
\: Number of spores on the area of ​​the slide:
n-1ml. Number of drops of water:
Weight of the test sample
d. Particle withdrawal
GB/T 3543.7--1995
Take a trial selection! -[g! 5. Wheat and other grains, 10g of rice and pea seeds, use a knife to open or cut the damaged or detached seeds, and check for pests. 2: Color detection. The permanganate staining method is suitable for detecting hidden weevils and corn weevils. Take 15% of the sample, remove the matrix, pour it into a copper wire mesh, and soak it in 30℃ water for 1min. Then transfer it to 1 level of potassium permanganate solution to dye it for 1min, then wash it with clean water, pour it on white absorbent paper and examine it with a magnifying glass. Pick out the spots with a diameter of 0.m on the grain surface, which are the pest grains. Calculate the pest content. Iodine or potassium iodide staining method: suitable for detecting pea weevils. Take more than 50% of the sample, remove impurities, put it into a copper wire mesh or wrap it with gauze, and immerse it in 1% potassium iodide or 2% iodine solution for 11.5in. Take it out and put it into 0.5% sodium iodide solution for 30s, take it out and wash it with clean water for 15~-2( s, immediately pick and test, if there are round spots with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm2 on the surface of the grains, it means that the bean weevil is infected. Calculate the pest content. \Specific gravity test method
Take a sample [00 g-remove impurities,Pour into saturated molten salt (35.9 g salt dissolved in 1 000 ml water), stir for 1-15 min. Let stand for 1-2 min. Take out the seeds suspended in the upper layer and calculate the pest content in combination with the dosage particle test (see 9.1 d.). B. Soft X-ray test
Use "soft X-ray test" to detect pests (such as weevils, beetles, wheat, etc.) placed inside the seedlings, and observe through photos or directly from the fluorescent screen. 9.2 Inspection after cultivation
After the test sample has been cultivated for a certain period of time, check whether there are pathogens or their symptoms inside and outside the seedlings and on the seedlings. There are three types of culture media:
8 Absorbent paper method
The absorbent paper method is suitable for the detection of seed-borne fungal diseases of many types of seeds, especially for many semi-knowledge fungi, which is conducive to the formation of conidia and the development of symptoms of pathogenic fungi on young plants. Rice cancer (Pyricntanu uryzae Cav,) was tested by mixing 400 seeds, moistening the absorbent paper in the culture medium with water, sowing 25 seeds in each culture medium, and cultivating them at 22℃ for 7 days with alternating cycles of 12h dark and 12h near-ultraviolet light. In 12-50 Check each seed for conidia of the fungus under a 200x magnification. - This fungus produces small, inconspicuous, gray to green conidia on the lobes, which are borne in bundles at the tips of short, slender conidiophores. The hyphae rarely cover the entire seed. If in doubt, check the conidia under a 200x microscope. The typical conidia are inverted pear-shaped, transparent, with a blunt base and short teeth separating the septa, usually with a sharp apex, and are (-25) mx (-12) μm in size.
Rechstera oryeae Suhram & Jain Take a sample of 400 seeds + moisten the absorbent paper of the culture with water, and sow 25 seeds in each culture. Use 12 at 22 °C. h black and 121 near-light alternating cycles of cultivation for 7 days. Under a 12-50x magnifying glass, examine the conidia of sesame leaf spot on each seed. Conidia and gray mycelium are formed on the seed coat. Sometimes the pathogen spreads to the absorbent paper. If in doubt, check the conidia under a 200x microscope to verify. The conidia are brown to brown in shape, (35170) × (1117) PM, widest in the middle or near the middle, and gradually become thinner at both ends. F. Melanospore disease of the genus Euplasphaerium (IeplasphaeriumucwlunxCes. & de Not.) i.e. cabbage black rot (Phomalingam Tesm.i
) Take 100 samples, pad each culture medium with three layers of filter paper, add 5 ml.0.2% (m/V) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (2.4-1\) solution to inhibit seed development. Drain off the excess 2.4-D solution, wash the seeds with sterile water, sow 50 seeds in each culture medium, and culture them for 11 days under 12h light and 12h dark. After 6a, check the loosely growing silvery white hyphae and conidiophore primordia of cabbage black rot on the medium under a 25x magnifying glass. After 1! mountain, conduct the second inspection of infected seeds and their conidiophores. Record the infected seeds with conidiophores of cabbage black rot. b. Sand bed method
Applicable to the inspection of certain pathogens. When using sand, remove impurities from the sand and pass it through a 1mm pore sieve, clean the sand core, dry it at high temperature and disinfect it, then put it into the culture and moisten it with water. Then arrange the seeds in the sand bed and keep it sealed at high temperature. The culture temperature is the same as that of the paper bed. When the seedlings show signs of culture, check them (about 7-10 days). c. Original blood method
It is mainly used for pathogenic fungi that develop slowly and pathogens lurking inside the seeds. It can also be used to inspect pathogens on the surface of the seeds. Srpturia nodorum Berk. 400 samples were counted first, disinfected with 1% (m/m) sodium hypochlorite for 10 min, and then washed with sterile water. On wheat or potato lysine agar containing (.01% streptomycin sulfate, 10 seeds were sown on the surface of each culture medium and cultured at 20°C in the dark for 7 days. The slowly growing round colonies on each seed were checked with the naked eye. The mycelium of the pathogen was white or creamy, and the infected seeds were slightly covered with a dense band. The back of the colony was yellow or brown, and the color became darker as it grew. Pea brown spot (AscochytupisiE,ih) 400 samples were counted first, disinfected with 1% (m/m) sodium hypofluorite for 10 min, and then washed with sterile water. In the bud or On the medium of potato smut inulin agar, sow 10 seeds on the surface of each culture medium and culture them at 20°C in the dark for 7 days. Check with the naked eye the large amount of colored mycelium covering the outside of each seed. The suspicious colonies can be observed under a 25x magnifying glass and identified based on the wavy mycelium on the chiseled edge.
9.3 Other methods
The pathogen of loose smut in barley can be tested by whole pressed embryos. Barley loose smut (Wstilagonuda Rostr) is repeated twice, and the test sample for each repetition is 100-120g (calculated based on the dry grain weight to contain 2000-4000 seeds). First, put the test sample into 1I of freshly prepared 5% (V/V) Vapor (H) solution. Keep it at 20°C for 24 hours. h. Wash with warm water to separate the embryo from the softened pericarp. Collect the embryo in a sieve with a mesh size of 1mm, and then use a sieve with a larger mesh size to collect the endosperm and husk, and put the embryo into an equal mixture of lactic acid benzene (one part each of glycerol, phenol and lactic acid) and water to further separate the embryo and floating husk. Transfer the embryo to a beaker containing 75ml of clean water, and keep it in a fume hood at a boiling point of about 30\ to remove lactic acid and phenol, and wash it: then transfer the embryo to a newly prepared slightly overflowed glycerin, and then place it under a 16-25 times magnifying glass, with appropriate under-table lighting, to check for the golden brown mycelium unique to barley black secret disease, and repeat the inspection for 1000 embryos each time. To determine whether there are bacteria, fungi or viruses in the sample, dust-grown plants can be used for inspection. For inspection, seeds can be taken out from the sample for sowing, or inoculum can be obtained from the sample for infection test on healthy seedlings or part of the plant. Attention should be paid to the spread of infection by plants from other channels, and various conditions should be controlled.
10 Presentation and Report of Results
The results shall be expressed as the percentage of infected seeds or the number of pathogens in the sample for inspection. When reporting the results, the scientific name of the pathogen shall be filled in, and the determination method used, including the preventive measures used, and the number of samples or parts of the samples inspected shall be stated.
Part III Weight Measurement
11 Instruments and Equipment
A. Grain counter and several types of equipment used for germination test. b. Balance with a sensitivity of 0.1.0.01g.
12 Determination procedure
12.1 Test sample
GB/T 3543.7—1995
Mix all the clean seeds after purity analysis and separate a part as the test sample. 12.2 Determination method
Choose one of the following methods for determination.
Randomly select 8 replicates from the test products by hand or by several methods, with 100 seeds in each replicate. Weigh them separately (g) with the decimal places corresponding to those specified in GB/T 3543.3.
Calculate the average weight, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the 8 replicates according to formula (2) and (3): Standard deviation (S)
x ​​where X
weight of each replicate, range:
number of replicates,
n(EX2) - (EX)
n(n-1)
coefficient of variation -
where standard deviation·
x——average weight·g of 100 seeds. S
If the coefficient of variation of Gramineae seeds with broken shells [see Appendix B (supplement) of GB/T 3543. 3] does not exceed 6.0, or the coefficient of variation of seeds of other families does not exceed 4.0, the results of the measurement can be calculated. If the coefficient of variation exceeds the above limit, B replicates should be measured again, and the standard deviation of 16 replicates should be calculated. Any replicate that differs from the mean by more than two times the standard deviation shall be omitted. b. Dry grain method
Randomly select two replicates from the test sample by hand or with a grain counter, with 500 large seeds and 1000 medium and small seeds. Weigh each replicate (g), and the number of decimal places is the same as that specified in GB/T 3543. 3. The ratio of the difference between the two replicates to the mean should not exceed 5%. If it exceeds, a third replicate should be analyzed until the requirement is met.Take the two with the smallest difference to calculate the test results.
Put the whole test sample through the grain counter and record the number of seeds shown on the counter. After counting, weigh the test sample (g), and the number of decimal places is the same as that specified in GB/T3543.3.
13 Representation and Report of Results
If the whole weight method is used for determination, the weight of the whole test sample is converted into the weight of 1000 seeds. If the hundred-grain method is used for determination, the average weight (X) of 100 grains of each repetition of 8 or more than 8 times is converted into the average weight of 1000 seeds (i.e. 10×x).
According to the measured T-grain weight and the measured moisture content, the seed moisture content specified in the seed quality standards of GB44044409 and GB8079~8080 is converted into the thousand-grain weight with standard moisture content. The calculation method is as follows: thousand sticky weight (specified moisture, nominal) - measured grain weight (%) 1 - measured moisture (%) 1 - specified moisture (%)
The result is expressed according to the number of decimal places used in the measurement (see Chapter 12). Fill in the result in the column of other measurement items of the seed inspection result report of GB/T3543.1. (4)
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