GB 13057-2003 Strength of passenger car seats and their vehicle fixings
Some standard content:
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory. Preface
GB13057—2003
The technical contents of this standard are modified by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe ECER80 Regulation "Uniform Regulations for Certification of Large Passenger Vehicle Seats and Vehicle Certification Related to Seat Strength and Fixing Parts Strength" 1998 Edition. The contents related to certification are not adopted. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendices. The contents specified in 4.3 "Seat Installation Requirements" of this standard shall be implemented 18 months after the implementation date of this standard. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Automotive Standardization (CSBTS/TC 114). The drafting units of this standard are Jiangsu Transportation Science Research Institute, National Bus Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Yangzhou Asiastar Bus Co., Ltd. Seat Factory, and Shanghai Jiayi Industrial Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are Jin Mingxin, Xu Nianyuan, Wang Junhua, Li Tao, Gao Ruilong, Yan Xiang, and Zhou Zhengping. 1 Scope
Strength of passenger car seats and their vehicle fixings. This standard specifies the terms and definitions, requirements and test methods for passenger car seats and their vehicle fixings. G13057--2003
This standard applies to seats installed facing forward in M1 and M2 passenger cars. The vehicle shall have seat fixings for installing the above seats or other forms of seats that may be installed on these fixings. This standard does not apply to seats used in A-class and upper-class passenger cars in M2 and M3 passenger cars: The seats of M3 passenger cars may also be tested according to the technical requirements and test methods specified in CMVDR217 at the request of the manufacturer. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB11552—1999 Interior protrusions of passenger cars
GB/T11563 Procedure for determining the H-point of automobiles (VISO6549, 1980) GB14166—1993 Performance requirements and test methods for automobile safety belts GB14167--1993 Installation and fixing points of automobile safety belts QC244 Dynamic performance requirements and test methods for automobile safety belts CMVDR217 Design specifications for seats, seat fixing devices and headrests ISO6487 Road vehicle chain test and measurement technology. Inspection instruments 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Seat type
A class of seats that have no substantial differences in the following aspects that may affect their strength and damage: a) Structure, shape, size and material of the load-bearing parts h) Type and size of the seat back adjustment and mirror stop system; size, structure and material of the supporting parts (i.e. the legs). 3.2
adjustment system
A device that can adjust a seat or its parts to suit the passengers. 3.3
displacement system
A device that can move a seat or a part of it horizontally or vertically to facilitate the entry and exit of passengers without a fixed intermediate position.
locking Bystem
A device that ensures that a seat or its parts remain in its use position. GB 13057—2003
attachment fittings
Parts such as bolts used to mount a seat to a vehicle fixture. 3.6
trolles
Test equipment used to dynamically reproduce traffic accidents including frontal collisions. 3.7bzxz.net
Auxiliary seat
A seat for an auxiliary person installed behind the test seat on the trolley, representing the seat used in the vehicle behind the test seat. 3.8
reference plane
The plane passing through the contact points between the two heels of the mannequin and the floor, used to determine the H point and actual torso angle of the vehicle in the riding state according to the provisions of GB/T11563.
reference height
The height above the reference plane to the top of the seat. 3.10
Manikln
A mannequin that meets the requirements of HYBRID or HYBRID. 3. 11
reference zone
reference zone
The space between two longitudinal vertical planes symmetrical to the H point and each 400mm away from the H point, and as described in Appendix A of GB11552-1999, it is the range of the head shape device from vertical to horizontal position. This head-shaped device shall be placed in accordance with the provisions of GB 11552-1999, and the distance from its center to the centerline of the rotation axis can be adjusted continuously between 736mm and 840mm. 3.12
Seat spacing seatspaclng
The distance between the front raised part of the rear seat backrest and the rear raised part of the front seat backrest, measured horizontally at a height of 620mml above the base push plane,
4 Requirements
4.1 Seat characteristics requirements
4.1.1 General requirements
Each type of seat shall meet the static test specified in 4.1.2 and the energy absorption characteristics requirements of the rear seat backrest specified in 4.1.3 or the dynamic test requirements specified in 4.1.4. Each adjustment and displacement system provided shall be equipped with an automatic locking device. After the test, the adjustment and locking system of the seat shall not be required to be in full working condition. 4.1.2 Static Test Requirements
4.1.2.1 Test Determination
4.1.2.1.1 The seated passenger is properly restrained by the seat in front of him. If the maximum displacement of the center point of the upper template force does not exceed 400m for each test force applied in accordance with 5.1.2.1 (measured horizontally in the longitudinal center plane of the relevant seating position), it can be considered to meet the requirements [see Figure 1a]]. 4.1.2.1.2 The seated passenger is not seriously injured. The following conditions are met and the requirements are met:) According to each test force applied in 5.1.2.1, the maximum displacement of the force center point of the upper template is not less than 100mm (the measurement method is the same as 4.1.2.1.1> [see Figure 1h)]
GB 13057—2003
According to each test force applied in 5.1.2.2, the maximum displacement of the force center point of the lower template is not less than 50mm (the measurement method is the same as b)
4.1.2.1.1) [see Figure 1b)].
Y, =(1 000/H)N
White 0~205
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of static test
,*(1 000/H,)N
z(2000/>N
4.1.2.1. 3 The seat and its installation are sufficiently strong. The following conditions are met, which can be considered to meet the requirements: a) During the test, the seat parts, seat mountings and accessories are completely separated; during the test, even if one or more fixings are partially separated, the seat can still be firmly fixed and all locking systems remain locked. b)
Locked:
After the test, the structural parts of the seat or its accessories have no breaks or sharp corners or sharp edges that may cause human injury. c
4.1.2.2 All mountings or accessories that constitute the back of the seat should not cause any injury to the passenger's body in the event of a collision. If the radius of curvature of any part contacted by a sphere with a diameter of 165 mm is more than 5 mm, it can be considered to meet this requirement. 4.1.2.3 If any part of the mountings and accessories located on the rigid back is made of a material with a hardness of less than 50 Shore A, the requirements of 4.1.2.2 only apply to the rigid back. 4.1.2.4 Seat back parts, such as adjustment devices and accessories, are located below the horizontal plane 400mm above the reference plane, even if the passengers may touch them, the requirements of 4.1.2.1.3c> do not need to be met. 4.1.3 Energy absorption characteristics of the back of the seat back The energy absorption characteristics of the back of the seat back shall comply with the requirements specified in Appendix C of GB11552-1999. 4.1.4 Dynamic test requirements
4.1.4.1 Test determination
4.1.4.1.1 The passenger can be properly restrained by the seat in front of him and (or) the safety belt. This requirement can be considered to be met if any part of the dummy's torso and head does not move forward more than the lateral vertical plane located 1.6m in front of the auxiliary seat R point.
4.1.4.1.2 The passenger is not seriously injured. According to the allowable injury indicators determined in Appendix A and Appendix B,The following conditions shall be met: a) Head allowable index (HIC)
at 500:
less than 30g (except for total time less than 3ms) (g=9.81m/)h) Chest allowable index (ThAC)
c) Waist allowable index (FAC)
less than 10 kNt When the total time is greater than 20 m, it shall be less than 8 kN. 4.1.4.1.3 The seat and its installation shall be sufficiently strong and comply with the provisions of 4.1.2.1.3. 4.1.4.2 Other requirements for dynamic tests shall comply with the provisions of 4.1.2.2~4.1.2.4. 4.2 Requirements for seat fixings
4.2. 1 The seat fixings of the vehicle shall be able to withstand the test specified in 5.4. 4.2.2 After withstanding the specified test force for a specified time, permanent deformation of the fixing or its surrounding area is allowed, including partial fracture or damage. 4.2.3 If there are more than one type of fixings on a vehicle model, each type of fixing should be tested. 4.2.4 For M-type buses, if the seat belt anchorage points of the corresponding seat positions are directly fixed to the seats, and these seat belt anchorage points meet the requirements of GB 14167, the seat belt anchorages should be considered to meet the requirements of 4.2.1 and 4.2.2. 4.3 Seat Installation Requirements
4.3.1 All installed forward-facing seats shall meet the requirements of 4.1, 1 and comply with the following conditions: a) The seat shall have a reference height of at least 1, b) The height difference between the H point of the seat immediately behind it and the H point of the seat shall not exceed 72 mm; if it exceeds 72 mm, the seat in the installation position shall be tested.
4.3.2 The seat static test and the energy absorption characteristic test behind the seat backrest shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of 5.1 and 5.2. However, the following exceptions shall be made: a) If the back of the seat will not be hit by an unrestrained passenger (i.e. there is no forward-facing seat directly behind the test seat), the seat static test specified in 5.1 shall not be carried out.
If the following conditions are met, the energy absorption characteristic test behind the seat backrest specified in 5.2 may not be carried out: b) :
1) The back of the seat will not be hit by a restrained passenger! 2) The rear seats are equipped with three-point safety belts and fully comply with the provisions of GB14167 (not removed). 4.3.3 and 5.3 should be tested in test 1 and test 2. However, the following conditions are excluded: a) When the rear of the seat will not be hit by an uncharged passenger (i.e. there is no forward seat directly behind the test seat), test 1 can be omitted
b) In the following conditions, test 2 can be omitted: 1) The rear of the seat will not be hit by an uncharged passenger; 2) The rear seats are equipped with three-point safety belts and fully comply with the provisions of GB14167 (not removed) 13) The seat meets the energy absorption characteristics of the non-rear part of the seat specified in 4.1, 3, 5 Test method
5.1 Static test of seat condition
5. 1.1 Test device
i) The schematic diagram of the template is shown in Figure 2, and its radius of curvature is (82±3) mm. The width of the upper template is at least equal to the width of the test seat back of each seating position, and the width of the lower template is equal to 320+1°mmR82
Figure 2 Static test device
b) The hardness of the surface material in contact with the seat component should be not less than Shore AB0; a single grain is a set of meters
c) At least one force sensor should be installed on each cylindrical surface to measure the force specified in 5.1.2.1. 5.1.2 Test procedure
5.1.2.1 Use the test device specified in 5.1.1 to apply a test force of (1 000/H ± 50)N to the rear of the seat box of each seating position.
a) The direction of force application shall be in the vertical center plane of the corresponding seating position, horizontally, from the rear of the seat forward; GB13057-2003
b) The force application height H shall be between 0.70m and 0.80m above the reference plane, and the exact height shall be determined by the manufacturer. 5.1.2.2 A test force equal to (2000/H ± 100)N shall be applied simultaneously to the rear of the seat, corresponding to each seating position of the seat, in the vertical center plane of the position and horizontally forward, and the height H shall be between 0.45m and 0.55m above the reference plane. The test force shall be applied using the device of 5.1.1, and the exact height shall be determined by the manufacturer. 5.1.2.3 During the application of force according to 5.1.2.1 and 5.1.2.2, the test device shall be in contact with the rear of the seat as much as possible and be able to rotate in the horizontal plane.
5.1.2.4 Where a seat has more than one seating position, each seat shall be subjected to force simultaneously, so there shall be an equal number of upper and lower templates as the number of seats.
5.1.2.5 Use a force of at least 20N to bring the test device into contact with the seat and determine the initial position of each template at each seating position. 5.1.2.6 The forces specified in 5.1.2.1 and 5.1.2.2 shall be applied as quickly as possible and maintained at the specified values at the same time, regardless of any deformation, by at least 0.2.
5.1.2.7 If the test has been carried out with one or more forces, but not all of the forces are greater than the values specified in 5.1.2.1 and 5.1.2.2, and the seat conforms to the requirements, the test shall be deemed to have met the requirements. 5.2 Energy absorption test of the rear part of the seat backrest
The energy absorption test of the rear part of the seat backrest shall be carried out in accordance with the test method specified in Appendix C of GB11552-1999. During the test, all installed accessories shall be in use, except for the table which is in the stowed position. 5.3 Dynamic seat test
5.3.1 Preparation of test seat
5.3.1.1 The test seat shall be installed on a test platform representing the vehicle body, or on a rigid test platform. 5.3.1.2 The fixings of the test seat on the test platform shall be alternate with the vehicle fixings on which the seat is installed, or have the same characteristics. 5.3.1.3 The decorative parts and accessories of the test seat shall be complete. If a small table is provided, it shall be in the stowed position. 5.3.1.4 The seat shall be adjustable laterally and shall be in the maximum opening position. 5.3.1.5 If the seat backrest is adjustable, it shall be adjusted so that the inclination angle of the torso of the human model (used to determine the H point and the actual torso angle in the seating position in the vehicle) is as close as possible to the normal use value recommended by the manufacturer: if there is no specific recommended value by the manufacturer, it shall be tilted 25° behind the vertical line as much as possible.
5.3, 1.6 If the seat back is equipped with an adjustable headrest, the headrest shall be in the lowest position. 5.3.1.7 The safety belts installed on the auxiliary seat and the test seat shall comply with the provisions of GB14166 and QC244 and be assembled at the same fixed point in accordance with the provisions of GB14167.
5.3.2 Test 1
5.3.2.1 The test platform
shall be installed on a trolley.
5.3.2.2 Auxiliary seat
The auxiliary seat may be of the same type as the test seat and shall be placed directly behind the test seat. The two seats shall have the same height and the same adjustment status. The distance between the seats shall be 750mm.
5.3.2.3 Overview
53.2.3.1 The dummy shall be placed on the auxiliary seat without restraint so that its symmetry planes are consistent with the symmetry planes of the seating position described. 5.3.2.3.2 The dummy's hands should be placed on the thighs, with the elbows touching the backrest, the pelvis in the most extended position, parallel if possible, and the heels touching the floor.
5.3.2.3.3 Each dummy used should be placed on the seat according to the following procedures: a) Place the dummy on the seat as close to the required position as possible b) Place a 76mm×76mm rigid surface as low as possible in front of the dummy's torso: 5
CB 13057--2003
e) Press this plane against the torso with a horizontal force of 250N~350N, pull the dummy's shoulders, pull the torso forward to a vertical position, and then put it back on the backrest. Do this action twice. When the torso does not move, the head should be in a position that makes the platform supporting the measuring instrument inside the head horizontal, and keep the center plane of the head parallel to the symmetry plane of the vehicle; d) Carefully remove the rigid plane;
e) Move the dummy on the seat forward and repeat the above installation steps; f) If necessary, the position of the lower limbs should be adjusted: g) During a collision, the installed instruments should have no effect on the movement of the person: h) Before the test, the temperature of the traceability instrument system should be stable and kept within the range of 19℃~26℃ as much as possible. 5.3.2.4 Collision simulation
a) The collision speed of the trolley shall be 30 km/h~～32 km/ht\) During the collision test, unless the interval time is less than 3ms, the time history of the trolley deceleration shall remain between the limit curves shown in Figure 3;
c) The average deceleration shall be between 6.5g and 8.5g. Deceleration
5.3.3 Test 2
20406080100120
140160
Time/ms
Figure 3 Time history of deceleration
5.3.3.1 Repeat test 1 with a dummy sitting on the auxiliary seat. The dummy should be restrained by the safety belt and installed and adjusted according to the manufacturer's instructions.
5.3.3.2 If the dummy is restrained by a three-point safety belt during test 2 and the permissible injury index is not exceeded, the auxiliary seat should be considered to have met the requirements of the static test load and the requirements of GB14167 for the displacement of the fixed point on the safety belt. 5.4 Vehicle fixing test
5.4.1 Test equipment
5.4.1.1 Install a rigid structural member that is sufficient to represent the seat to be used in the vehicle to the fixing provided for the test using the connecting parts (bolts, screws, etc.) provided by the manufacturer. 5.4.1.2 If the distances between the front and rear foot ends of several types of seats are different, and they can all be installed on the same fixings, the test should be carried out on the seat with the shorter foot end distance. 5.4.2 Test procedure
5.4.2.1 Method of applying force F
a) At 750mm above the reference plane, force F acts on the vertical center line of the polygon composed of different fixing points as the points (or, if appropriate, including the fixings at the end of the seat), and is applied through the rigid structural member specified in 5.4.1.1. b) Force F is horizontal and points to the front of the vehicle: 6
The lag time is as short as possible and the force is at least 0.28. The value of force F is determined by the following formula
5. 4. 2. 2
F(5 000±50)xi
where +
F—unit is Newton (N);
f is the number of seat seating positions.
If the manufacturer requires, the test can be carried out according to the typical load measured during the dynamic test. GB 13057—2003
GB13057—2003
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Tests to be performed
A, 1 For all tests to be performed, the measuring system shall comply with the provisions of ISO 6487. A.2 Dynamic test
A.2.1 Measurements on the trolley
The evasive speed characteristics of the trolley shall be determined by measuring the deceleration of its rigid structural parts using the CFC60 measuring system. A.2.2 Measurements on the slow man
The readings of the measuring device shall be recorded using the following CFC independent data pass. A, 2.2. 1 Measurement of the dummy head
The three-dimensional combined deceleration (T) of the center of gravity shall be measured using CFC600. 2.2.3 Measurement of the dummy's chest
The combined deceleration of the center of gravity shall be measured by CFC180A. 2.2.3 Measurement of the dummy's legs
The axial pressure shall be measured by CFC600.
B,1 Head allowable index (HIC)
Appendix B
[Normative Appendix]
Determination of allowable injury index
This index should be calculated according to the three-dimensional combined deceleration measured in A.2.2.1 of Appendix A, and the formula is as follows: HIC - ( -)[,-, yde]
Y-y+y+y!
Where:
Any value of time during the test, t and are in seconds (s);
-Combined deceleration at the center of gravity of the head:
~—Longitudinal instantaneous deceleration;
3. Vertical instantaneous deceleration,
Lateral instantaneous deceleration.
B.2 Chest allowable index (ThAC)
GB13057—2003
This index is determined by the absolute value of the combined deceleration (g) and the deceleration duration (ms). The deceleration is measured in accordance with the provisions of A.2.2.2 in Appendix A.
B.3 Waist allowable index (FAC)
This index is determined by the axial pressure transmitted by each leg of the human model (measured in accordance with the provisions of A.2.2.3 in Appendix A, in kN) and the pressure wearing duration (ms).
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