GB/T 5206.4-1989 Vocabulary of paints and varnishes Part 4: Terms for the physical and chemical properties of coatings and coating films
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Paints and varnishes
Vocabulary Part 4
Paints and varnishes--Vocabulary--Part 4: Terminology relating to physilcal and chemical properties of coutings and films This standard refers to the international standard 1S04618/1-1984 Paints and varnishes--Vocabulary Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the terms and definitions (or explanations) of the physicochemical properties of paints and varnishes. GB 5206. 4-89
-Part 1: General terms".
This standard applies to the production, application, scientific research, teaching, publication and compilation of standards for coatings, and can also be used in relevant technical and business exchanges at home and abroad.
Each entry in this standard includes a term, the corresponding English name and its definition (or explanation). Synonymous terms are listed after the term. The first term is the preferred term, and the others are all expressed in bold. Bold words in square brackets can be omitted; bold words in square brackets can replace the previous term. The numbering of this term follows GB5206,3-86. Vocabulary of paints and varnishes Part 3 Pigment terms. 5 Terms for the physical and chemical properties of paints and coatings 5.1 Transparency The ability of a substance to transmit light. Transparency indicates whether varnishes, paints and thinners contain mechanical impurities and turbidity. 5.2 Colour of clear liquids The degree of colour depth of a clear liquid (clear oil, paint and thinner). Note: - Generally, the colour of the test solution is compared visually with the colour of a series of standard colour scale solutions. The colour number of the standard solution that is closest to the colour of the test sample (missing colour) is the colour of the standard solution that is closest to the colour of the test sample. 5.3 Density density
The mass per unit volume of an object at a specified temperature. Common units are kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m2) and grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm2). 5.4 Viscosity
The internal resistance of a liquid to flow. 5.5 Dynamic viscosity dynamicviscosity
The ratio of the shear stress applied to a liquid to the velocity gradient. Note: (D) The circular unit of dynamic viscosity is Pascal seconds (Pa-s), and the conventional unit is centimeters (cP), 1e P = 1 mPa*s. When the ratio of shear stress to velocity gradient does not change with time or velocity, the liquid is called a Newtonian liquid. When this ratio changes very little, the effect of mechanical disturbance (such as stirring) on viscosity can be ignored, and the liquid is called an approximately Newtonian liquid. Generally, clear and low-stickiness paints are such liquids. These two liquids can use a 100 outflow cup or a 4-cup to measure the outflow time (which can be converted into kinematic viscosity). When the viscosity changes with shear rate, the liquid is called a non-Newtonian plastic liquid (such as latex). They can be measured using a rotational viscometer. 5.6 Kinematic viscosity viscosity Approved by the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the People's Republic of China on March 1, 1989 and implemented on January 1, 1990
Ratio of dynamic viscosity to bulk density.
GB 5206.4—B9
The international unit of kinematic viscosity is square meter per second (m*/s), and the conventional unit is centistokes (cSt). 1cst=1mm/s. 5.7 Flow time
In the outflow cup filled with the test liquid, the time from the start of the test liquid flowing out of the outflow hole to the first interruption of the flow near the hole, generally expressed in seconds (s).
5.8 Rheological property
The properties of coating flow and deformation.
Note: Studying the rheological properties of coatings is necessary for the manufacture and application of coatings. Generally, the flow curve can be drawn by rotational viscometer test (shear rate is the vertical axis and shear stress is the horizontal axis) (see Figure 1). The flow curve of a high-frequency liquid is a straight line passing through the origin. The follow-up curve of latex paint bends toward the longitudinal axis, which is a plastic flow curve. The flow curve of a thick viscous suspension bends toward the horizontal axis, which is an expansion flow curve (finished paints rarely have such flow curves, but the grinding materials used in their manufacturing have such flow curves). Shear rate
5. 9 Thixotropy
Wetting type
Newtonian
Shear stress
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of flow curve
When the paint is stirred or shaken, the opening decreases and it flows in a liquid state, and when it is left to stand, it quickly returns to the original gel state. Note: Thixotropic materials can prevent the precipitation of the paint and can be applied to form a fairly thick paint film without causing flow violations. 5.10 Flash point
Under the specified test conditions, when the liquid is heated, vapor is generated, and a combustible mixture is formed with air, and an instantaneous internal fire occurs in the presence of flames.
Note: Flash point is usually calibrated to Celsius temperature (°C) at 101.3 kPa atmospheric pressure (corrected at a ratio of 1 kPa to 1 death. When the ambient pressure is high, add this correction value to the measured value, and subtract the correction value when the ambient pressure is low). 5.11 Acid valueacid valueacid value
The number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required to neutralize 1 g of free acid in the non-volatile matter of the product. 5.12 Hydroxyl valuehydroxyl value
The number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) equivalent to 1 g of hydroxyl (equivalent number) in the volatile matter of the product. 5.13 sapanifivation valuesapanifivation valueThe number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required to saponify 1 g of non-volatile matter of the product. 5.14 gelling numberlaequer thinner gclling numberthe ability of a diluent to dilute a solution of nitrocellulose (or peroxide resin, etc.). Note: Under specified conditions, in the nitrocellulose (or ethylene dichloride resin, etc.) solution prepared with diluent, add 200# oil to obtain quenching oil (or ethanol, etc.) until the solution becomes turbid (nitrocellulose or ethylene dichloride resin, etc. precipitates), and the number of milliliters (ml) of 20% paint solvent oil (or ethanol, etc.) consumed is expressed as KAOKAca-
GB 5206.4--89
5.15 Volatility (evaporation ratevolatility) The ratio of the evaporation rate of a volatile liquid to that of a specified standard liquid (generally ether) under the same conditions. 5.16 Fineness of grind A basic measure of the dispersion of the volatile and physical volatile materials in the coating. That is, under specified conditions, the reading obtained on the standard fineness meter, which indicates the depth of a groove at a certain point on the fineness meter, generally measured in micrometers (um). 5. 17 Non-volatile matter content solids Content The amount of non-volatile matter contained in the coating. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the mass of non-volatile matter, and can also be expressed as a percentage of volume. 5.18 Water content of coating The water content in the coating, usually expressed as a percentage. 5.19 Ash content of coating The content of the residue after the coating is burned and ashed, usually expressed as a percentage. 5.20 Freeze-thaw resistance The ability of water-based paint (latex paint, electrophoretic paint, etc.) to maintain its original performance after being frozen and subsequently thawed (cyclic test). condition in containel
5.21 Condition in container
The condition of the original paint in a newly opened container. Such as whether there is skinning, thickening, gumming, stratification, sedimentation, agglomeration, etc. and whether it can be remixed into a uniform state. 5.22 Storage stability stability refers to the degree to which a coating product resists changes in performance such as odor, consistency, crusting, coarsening, sedimentation, caking, reduced dryness, and increased acid value that may occur after storage under specified conditions.
5.23 Compatibility: miscibility (between products) compatibility (of products) refers to the ability of one product to be mixed with another product without causing adverse consequences (such as precipitation, aggregation, thickening, etc.). 5.24 Compatibility: compatibility (between product and substrate) Compatibility (a product with the substrate) - the ability of a product to be applied to a substrate without causing adverse consequences. 5.25 Hiding power; opacity The ability to eliminate color or color differences on a substrate. 5.26 Contrast ratio
The ratio of the reflectivity of the same paint film applied on black and white substrates of specified reflectivity. Contrast ratio...
Reflectivity of the paint film on a black substrate
Reflectivity of the paint film on a white substrate
5.27 Surface drying time Under specified drying conditions, the time required for a film of a certain thickness to change from liquid to solid on the surface but still in a state underneath. 5.28 Hard drying time Under specified drying conditions, the time required for a paint film of a certain thickness to form a solid film from an applied liquid film to a solid film. 5.29 Application property The degree of difficulty in applying the coating.
Note: Good coating application property generally refers to the coating being easy to apply thinly (chipping, spraying, dipping, etc.), having good leveling properties, no sagging, wrinkling, shrinking edges, color bleeding, or bottom biting, moderate drying, easy to polish, good recoatability, and low requirements for construction environment conditions. 5.30 Brushability
The degree of difficulty in applying the coating.
5.31 Leveling; flaw
The degree to which the wet paint film after application can flow to eliminate the coating marks, and a uniform and flat paint film can be obtained after drying. 5.32 Recoatability
GB 5206-4—89
The degree of difficulty and effect of applying multiple layers of the same coating. 5.33 Blush resistance The ability of nitro lacquer or other volatile paint to prevent the paint film from losing gloss and turning white during the drying process after application. Note: When the air is in the air, the volatile paint evaporates and releases heat during the drying process after spraying, causing the air temperature around the wet film to drop below the required temperature. Therefore, water enters the wet film to emulsify it. Finally, the water evaporates, forming fine air bubbles that make the paint film turn white. Adding a certain amount of slowly evaporating solvent to the paint can prevent the whitening phenomenon.
5.34 Film thickness
Measurement of the thickness of the paint film. Generally expressed in microns (um). 5.35 Aging: Aging
The process in which the performance of a paint or coating gradually changes under the influence of environmental conditions. 5.36 Gloss
An optical property of the surface, expressed by its ability to reflect light. Note: The gloss of the paint film can be divided into glossy, semi-gloss and especially glossy. Gloss is usually measured with a gloss meter at an angle of 60°. To improve resolution, a high-gloss dye film (gloss 70 units at 60°) can be measured at an angle of 20°; a low-gloss paint film (gloss 30 units at 60°) can be measured at an angle of 85°. 5.37 Matte gloss sheen
The gloss that appears when the surface is viewed at a certain angle of incidence (grazing angle). Note: Under normal observation, it appears to be a flat, matte surface, and is usually viewed at an angle of 5°. 5.38 Adhesion
The strength of the bond between the paint film and the coated surface (through physical and chemical reactions). The coated surface can be either a bare substrate or a painted substrate.
5.39 Cohesion
The force that makes the particles of a paint or varnish film adhere together to form a continuous, complete coating film. 5.40 Hardness
The ability of a paint film to resist mechanical forces such as collision, depression, scratches, etc. 5.41 Flexibility
The ability of a paint film to deform along with its substrate without being damaged. 5.42 Impact tesisanceThe ability of a paint film to deform rapidly under the impact of a heavy hammer without cracking or falling off the metal substrate. 5.43 Tensile strengthThe degree to which a paint film resists tensile forces. That is, the load applied to the paint film per unit cross-sectional area (before the test) when the free paint film breaks or deforms (yields) after a tensile test, usually expressed in megapascals (MPa). 5.44 Elongation
The percentage of increase in the length of a paint film under tension, that is, the percentage of the increase in the length of the free film from the beginning of the load to the break of the paint film during the tension test. 5.45 Abrasion resistance The ability of a paint film to resist friction. The commonly used method is to determine the weight loss of the paint film after a specified number of grinding cycles under a certain load, expressed in grams (moles). 5.46 Rubbingproperty
The ease with which a paint film or putty layer can produce a smooth and matte surface after being polished (dry or condensed) with materials such as pumice and sandpaper. 5.47 Polishing
The ability of a paint film to present gloss after being polished with polishing agent sand wax or polishing wax. 5.48 Water resistance
Water 5.50 Abrasion resistance The ability of a paint film to resist the action of a medium to prevent corrosion of the coated substrate. 5.51 Chemical resistance The ability of a paint film to resist acid, alkali, salt and other chemicals. 5.52 Acid resistance The ability of a paint film to resist acid erosion. 5.53 Alkali resistance The ability of a paint film to resist alkali erosion.
5. 54 Solvent tesistance The ability of a paint film to resist organic erosion. 5.55 Lubricating-oil tesistance The ability of a paint film to resist the action of lubricating oils.
5.56 Gasoline resistance The ability of a paint film to resist the action of gasoline. That is, the test is carried out under specified conditions to observe whether the paint film has discoloration, gloss loss, whitening, blistering, softening, shedding, etc., and the difficulty of restoring the original state. 5.57 Gas cheeking resistance The ability of a paint film to resist the action of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and other pollutants during the drying process without losing gloss, silk lines, reticulation or beryllium formation.
5. 58 Salt water resistance The ability of a paint film to resist salt water erosion.
5.59 Salt spray (fog) resistance The ability of a paint film to resist salt spray erosion.
5.60 Fungus [mold] resistance The ability of a paint film to resist the growth of fungi on it. Note: Fungus growth will negatively affect the paint film and even decompose the paint base, causing the paint film to be damaged and lose its protection. 5, 61 Resistance to beat and humidity The ability of a paint film to resist the effects of high temperature and high humidity. 5.62 Weathering resistance The ability of a paint film to resist the destructive effects of climatic conditions such as sunlight, rain, dew, wind, and frost (loss of gloss, discoloration, powdering, cracking, mildew, shedding, and corrosion of the substrate, etc.) and maintain its original performance.
5.63 Natural weathering The gradual performance changes that occur when a paint film is exposed to outdoor natural conditions. 5.64 Artificial weathering Weathering is the gradual performance change of the paint film when exposed to the artificial aging test machine. 5.65 Chalk resistance The ability of the paint film to resist chalking caused by ultraviolet rays, moisture, oxygen, etc. 5. 66 Light fastness Light resistance The ability of the paint film to maintain its original color and gloss after being exposed to sunlight (or artificial light). 5. 67 Gloss retention The ability of the paint film to maintain its original gloss. 5.68 Colout retention The ability of the paint film to maintain its original color, 5.69 Yellowing The tendency of the film to turn yellow during aging. 5.70 Heat stability GB 5206. 4—89 The ability of the paint film to maintain its original mechanical properties (such as impact strength, flexibility, etc.) and protective properties after being exposed to specified temperatures. 5.71cold resistance
The ability of a paint film to maintain its original organic properties (without cracking or other damage) after being subjected to low temperature. 5,72tempcrature change resistanceThe ability of a paint film to maintain its original properties after being subjected to alternating temperature changes between hot and cold. 5.73moisture resistanceThe ability of a paint film to resist the effects of a humid environment. 5.74humid-dtycyclingresistanceThe ability of a film to maintain its original properties after being subjected to alternating dry and wet conditions. 5.75water vapor permeabilitywatervapuurtransnissionThe ability of a film to pass water vapor.
5-76water vapor transmission ratewater vapour transmission rateThe rate at which a paint film passes water vapor, that is, the amount of water vapor that passes through a test piece of a specified surface area within a certain period of time when different constant relative humidity is applied to both sides of the test piece (free film, etc.), generally expressed in grams per cubic meter day (g/m2+). 5.77 Nitrocellulose lacquer resistance The ability of the primer film to withstand the effects of the nitrocellulose lacquer applied on it without softening, bleeding, biting or wrinkling. 5.78 Flame resistance The ability of the film to resist or delay combustion, that is, the film of fire retardant paint can quickly extinguish the flame or prevent the spread of flame. 5.79 Radiation resistance The ability of the film to resist nuclear radiation damage. 5.80 Anti-tadioactive contamination The difficulty of removing radioactive contaminants harmful to health from the surface of the paint film after it is contaminated by radioactive contaminants. 5.81 Strippability After the coating has completed the function of temporarily protecting the surface of the product (from scratches, rust or brain corrosion during processing, storage or transportation), the coating film is easy to peel off and restore the original appearance of the object without affecting the processing performance of the object. 5.82 Seawater resistance The ability of the paint film to resist the erosion of seawater. 5.83 Anti-foulin property The ability of the paint film to prevent staining due to the attachment and growth of marine organisms such as barnacles and sea lilies. 5.84 Leaching rate
The weight of the toxic material released from the unit area of the test plate coated with anti-fouling paint containing copper or other toxic materials and immersed in seawater within a certain period of time. It is generally expressed in micrograms per square centimeter 21 hours (ug/cm.24h). 5.85 Skid resistance
The ability of the film to prevent people or objects from sliding on its surface. 5.86 Washability
The ability of the paint film to maintain its original performance after washing to remove dust, dirt and surface spots. 5.87 Scrub resistance The ability of a film to remain undamaged when repeatedly rubbed with a washing medium under specified conditions. 5.88 Electrical insulation The ability of a paint film to block the passage of current. GB 5206.4 89 Electrical insulation mainly refers to the volume resistance, electrical strength, dielectric constant, etc. of the paint film. 5.89 Breakdown voltage The voltage value when the paint film is broken down under the action of a voltage applied in a specified manner. Generally expressed in kilovolts (kv). 5.90 Electrical dielectric strength strengthThe ratio of the breakdown electric repulsion value of the paint film to the average thickness of the paint film. Expressed in megavolts per meter (MV/m). 5.91Dielectric loss tangentDielectric loss tangent is a parameter that represents the energy consumption of the paint film under an AC electric field. It is the complementary tangent of the phase angle between the external stop voltage and the current passing through the sample.
5.92Surface resistanceSurface resistanceThe ratio of the DC voltage applied to the paint film to the surface conduction current between the electrodes. Expressed in ohms (2). 5.93Volume resistanceVolume TesistanceThe ratio of the DC voltage applied to the paint film to the volume conduction current between the electrodes. Expressed in ohms (0). 5.94Insulation resistanceInsulatianJesistanceThe ratio of the DC voltage applied to the paint film to the conduction current flowing through the electrodes, expressed in ohms (2). Insulation resistance depends on volume resistance and surface resistance.
5.95Surface resistivitySurface tesistivity is the ratio of the DC electric field strength along the current direction of the paint film surface to the surface conduction current per unit length. It is expressed in ohm (). 5.95 volume resistivity is the ratio of the DC electric field strength in the direction of the paint film volume flow to the current density at that location, expressed in ohm-meter (2+I). 5.97 water absorption rate is the degree of water absorption of the paint film under specified conditions. It is expressed in percentage. 5.98 arc resistance
the ability of the paint film to resist the action of arc. That is, under the condition of specified intermittent (or continuous) low-voltage current discharge, the insulating paint film is subjected to the action of arc until it is destroyed (shape or conductive path), expressed in seconds (s). 5.99 transformer oil resistance is the ability of the paint film to resist the action of transformer oil without causing loss of gloss, blistering, wrinkling, shedding, etc. 5.100 Anti-centtifugal splash The ability of the film to resist centrifugal force under heating and not to separate from the coated object. 5.101 Conductivity
The conductivity of the electrophoretic paint liquid when the electrode area is tcm\ and the electrode spacing is 1cm. Generally expressed in Siemens per meter (S/m), micro Siemens per centimeter (μs/cm),
5.102 (Electrodepositian welght Under specified conditions, the weight of the ten-coat film deposited per unit area of the electrophoretic paint on the coated test board. Usually expressed in grams per square meter (g/m\).
Coulombs' efficiency
5.103 Coulomb efficiency
A physical quantity that reflects the electrophoretic paint's electrical (deposition) efficiency. That is, under specified conditions, the coating consumes unit electricity and deposits the lower film flux on the test board. Usually expressed in milligrams per coulomb (mg/c). 5.104 Throwing power
The ability of electrophoretic paint to coat the cathode (or anode) area on the back of the coated object under the action of an electric field. It is generally expressed as the height of the electrophoretic paint on the test strip (cm).
Gloss retention-
Color retention
Surface resistance
Surface resistivity
Surface drying time
Non-volatile content·
Opacity-
Recoatability·
Storage stability
Thixotropy
Polishability
|()Deposition
Electrical conductivity
Electrical insulation·
Electrical [dielectric] strength
Dynamic viscosity
Contrast ratio
Yellowing·
Anti-whitening
Slippery
Moldiness
Antifouling·
Adhesion
Solid content….
Gloss·
GB 5206. 4—89
Appendix A
Index in alphabetical order of Chinese phonetic letters (references)
. 5.95
+*+.. 5.90
Volatilization ratebZxz.net
Miscibility (between products)
Breakdown voltage
Gel number
Dielectric loss angle cut
Insulation resistance·
Impact resistance·
Radiation pollution resistance
Anti-powdering resistance...
Radiation resistance·
Anti-swinging resistance
Anti-pollution gas resistance
Tensile strength Tensile strength
Shaveability
Washability
Energy efficiency
Aging·
Rheological properties
Flow out time
Leveling
Grinding (polishing) properties
Resistance to pressure oil
Scrub resistance
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Arc resistance
Freeze-thaw resistance
Corrosion resistance·
Dry-wet cycle resistance·
Light resistance
Seawater resistance
Cold resistance
Weather resistance·
Chemical resistance
Alkali resistance·
Abrasion resistance
Gasoline resistance
Flammability·
Lubricating oil resistance
Solvent resistance
Condensation heat resistance
Condensation resistance
Water resistance ….
Acid resistance
Resistance to temperature change
Resistance to detergent,
Resistance to nitro (lacquer)
Salt water resistance
Salt spray resistance
Cohesion…
Matt [rough] luster
Hydroxy (group) value
Paint film thickness
Thermal stability
Artificial aging…
State in the device
GB 5206.4—89
Flexibility
Flash point·
Elongation.
Toxic exudation rate.
Constructability…
Actual drying time
Adaptability (between product and substrate)
Brushability
Water vapor transmission rate
Water vapor transmission,
Acid value·
Volume resistance·
Volume resistivity
Natural aging…
Transparency
Color of transparent liquid| |tt||Paint ash content
Paint moisture
Water absorption
Compatibility (between product and substrate
Compatibility (between products),
Grinding fineness
Hardness…
Throwing power
Kinematic viscosity
Royalty value·
Hiding power
..5.35
abrasion fcsistance
acid resistance
acid value
adhesion
ageing
alkali tesistance .....
anti-centrifugal splash .
anti-fouling property
anti radioaclive contaminationapplication property
are fesistence
GB5206.4-89
Appendix B
Alphabetical index
(reference)
+t++t+tAt+t
artlficlal weathering
ash content of coating
blush tesistance
breakdown voltage
brushability
chalking resistance
chemical resistance | |tt | cuntainet
canductivity
h·hht
. 5.11
..5.38
... 5.80
... 5. 89
.. 5.51
+* 5, 39
A+AA++R
.++*++*. 5. 68
++++++++++++++++ 5. 24
1+++++.+++.
cantrast tatio ....*.
ETEITTEETEITTEETETTEPEEITT
IATETTTLETTI
corroslun resistance | |tt | weight
elongation
evaporation rate
film tbickness
fineness af gtind
flame tesistance
flashpoint
flexibility
flow time
.....
frcezc-thaw resistance
fungus resistance
GB 5206.489
IA+EE+P++PIIEE+P++++I++++.
gas checking resistance
gasoline resistance
gloss retention
hard drying time
hardncss
heat stability
hidingpowet
humid-dry cycling resistancehydroxyl value
Impact resistance
insulnting property
insulation tesistance
kincmatic viscosity
**+** 5. 5
++*+ 5. 36
lacguerthinner gellingnumberleaching rate
leveling .
light fastness ...
light resistance
lubricating-oll resistance
moisture fesistancc
mold resistance
natural weathering
nittocellulase lacquer tesistancenon-volatile tnattet contentopacity
polishability
radiation resistanec
recoatability
resisranceto hcat and humidityrheologie propcrty
rubbing property
salt fog resistance
satt spray fesistance | resistance
storagc stablllty
YKAOKAca-
. 5. 84
. 5.31
..5.66
. 5. 55
. 5.85
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