This standard specifies the classification, code, size, shape, weight, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality certificate of carbon steel and carbon manganese steel seamless steel pipes for ships. This standard is applicable to the manufacture of Class I pressure-resistant piping systems, Class II pressure-resistant piping systems, and carbon steel and carbon manganese steel seamless steel pipes for boilers and superheaters for ships. GB/T 5312-1999 Carbon steel and carbon manganese steel seamless steel pipes for ships GB/T5312-1999 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS.77. 140. 75
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 5312—1999
Carbon and carbon-manganese steel seamless steel tubesand pipes for ship.
Published on November 1, 1999
Implemented on August 1, 2000
Published by the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
W.GB/r 53121999
This standard adopts the Lloyd's Register of Shipping (TR>& Classification Rules) (1997 Edition) of the China Classification Society (CCS) Heavy Steel Sea-going Classification Construction Rules (1996 Edition) for steel pipes and makes adjustments to GR/5312-E985 seamless steel pipes for reinforcing bars.
This standard adds three strength grades of 360, 460, and 490 steel and carbon manganese steel than the original national standard. This standard includes the use of continuous casting and rolling ship This standard has revised the non-destructive testing methods for steel, etc., and cancelled the Appendix C and Appendix D (supplement) of the original national standard. It has revised the national standard GB/T5777-1996 Seamless Steel Arm Sonic Wave Deep Flaw Test Method, G13/T7735:1995% Steel Tube Eddy Current Flaw Test Method, G13/112606-1990 Steel Tube and Steel Bar Leakage Magnetic Flaw Detection Method. This standard has revised the size and allowable deviation of the national standard tube, and the supply length. This standard gradually adds A, Appendix F This standard is a supplement to the standard. This standard is a supplement to the appendix. This standard replaces GB/T 5312-1985 "Carbon steel seamless steel tubes and pipes for ship" from the date of implementation. 3. This standard was proposed by the Metallurgical Industry Bureau when it was issued.
The standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Steel Standardization. The drafting unit of this standard is: China National Offshore Pipe Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Zhang Qiaofei, Liu Cailing, Hanmin, Shouyi, Li Jian,
This standard was first issued in August 1085.
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Carhon and carkon-manganese steel seamless steel tubes and pipes for ship 1 Scope
GB/T 5312-1999
Replaces GB/T 5312 -1483
This standard specifies the classification, code, size, shape, weight, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality certificate of carbon steel and carbon manganese steel non-walled steel pipes for shipbuilding. This standard is applicable to the manufacture of Class 1 pressure-resistant piping systems, Class 1 pressure-resistant piping systems, carbon steel and carbon manganese steel non-walled steel pipes for boilers and superheaters for ships.
2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should discuss the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. CB/T 222—1984 Sampling method for chemical analysis of steel and allowable deviations for chemical analysis of finished products GH/T 223.5-1997
GB/T 223.12-1391
GB/T 223.24—1994
GB/T 223.27-1994
CB/T 223.53—1987
GB/T 223. 59—1987
Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloysDetermination of acid-soluble silicon content by reduced molybdenum-silicon saltsPhotometric determination of acid-soluble silicon content in wrought iron and alloys
Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloys
Methods for chemical analysis of wrought iron and alloys
Methods for chromium content in iron, steel and alloysPhotometric determination of chromium content by separation with sodium carbonate-diphenylcarbohydrazide extraction-T,2-dioneFat spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum content by extraction with ethyl butyl estersSpectrophotometric determination of molybdenum content in wrought iron and steel Chemical analysis methods for iron, steel and alloys
Determination of copper by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometryChemical analysis methods for gold content in iron, steel and alloys
GB/T 223. 63 -1988
CB/T 223. 681997
GB/T 223. 6H1997
GB/T 228—1987
GB/T 2321988
GB/T 241 1900
GB/T 242—1997
G13/T 245- 1997
CB/T 246—1997
Determination of phosphorus content by the photometric method using phosphorus blue
Chemical analysis methods for iron, steel and alloys
Determination of carbon content by the photometric method using sodium (potassium) periodate
Chemical analysis methods for iron, steel and alloys
Methods for tensile testing of metals
Methods for bending testing of metals
Methods for testing liquid level in metal tubes
Methods for testing the expansion of metal tubes
Methods for testing the curling of metal tubes
Methods for testing the braiding of metal tubes
Determination of carbon content by the potassium ion determination method after combustion in a tubular furnace G1/T 2102---1988
Acceptance, packaging, marking and quality certification of steel GB/T 4336---1984
CB/T 4338-1995
GB/T 5777-1996
GB/T 7735-1995
GB/T 12606-1999
GB/T 17395--1998
Photoelectric emission spectroscopic analysis method for carbon monoxide and low alloy steelsHigh temperature tensile test of metallic materials
Ultrasonic flaw detection method for seamless steel armsEddy current flaw detection method for steel tubes
Magnetic leakage flaw detection method for steel tubes
Dimensions, shape, bearing and tolerances of seamless steel tubesState Administration of Quality and Technical Supervisiont999-11-01 Approved for implementation on August 1, 2000
W3 Classification and code
3. Classification
3.1.1 Seamless pipes for ship resistant arm systems
GH/T 5312.-- 1995
Seamless steel pipes for ship resistant arm systems are divided into three grades according to design stress and design temperature, as shown in Table 1. Table 1 General system level
Design method
Flow and hot wine
Other media
Design flow
Design pressure
0.7~1.6
1.6~4.0
171300
50~150
200·~300
Design force
Design requirements
Not too much
When one of the design pressure, flow and design flow of the type system reaches the requirements of Table 1, it is 1 Oxygen system; when the system design and exhaust temperature both meet the requirements in the table, the system is determined to be a combination of the system. Other media are sugar air, water, lubricating oil and cancer pressure oil, etc. 3 And the pipe system is made of seamless steel pipes according to the medical standards approved by the ship inspection department. 3.1.2 Seamless steel pipes for boilers and process vessels
Seamless steel pipes for furnaces and superheaters The working temperature of the pipe wall does not exceed 450 3.2 Code
Grade 1 pressure pipes are made of magnetic steel and iodine-aluminum steel seamless steel pipes (hereinafter referred to as I-type pipes) with "" added after the steel grade. Grade 1 pressure pipes are made of phosphorus and carbon-manganese steel seamless steel pipes (hereinafter referred to as grade pipes) with "\1" added after the steel grade. Carbon steel and carbon-carbon bonded seamless steel pipes for boilers and superheaters (hereinafter referred to as furnaces and superheaters) are indicated by "G\" after the steel grade. 4 Size, shape and weight
4. 1 4.1.1 The outer diameter and wall thickness of steel pipes should preferably be the first group of steel pipe sizes in Table 1 of GR/T 17395--1998. The outer diameter of the steel pipe should preferably be the first group of steel pipe sizes in Table 1 of GR/T 17395--1998. The standard outer diameter should preferably refer to the first group of steel pipe sizes in Table 1 of GR/T 17395--1998. The standard outer diameter of the steel pipe ...5mm
%, minimum auxiliary
main 15%
W steel type
Steel pipe size
GB/T 5312-1999
Table 2 (complete)
±0. 30 mm
Allowable deviation
According to the requirements of the screen, after consultation between the two parties, it is indicated in the contract that the steel pipe with the allowable tolerance outside the provisions of Table 2 can be produced. 4.2 Length
The normal length, fixed length and multiple length of the lead pipe shall comply with the provisions of GB/T17395. 4.3 Curvature
The curvature of the steel tube shall not exceed the following provisions: nominal thickness ≤15mm1.5mm/m
nominal wall thickness>15mm..2.0mm/m.
outer diameter is not less than 351mm, and the curvature shall not exceed 3.0 mm/m. 4.4 End shape
The two ends of the sawn tube shall be perpendicular to the axis of the steel tube, and the burrs on the cut shall be removed. 4.5 The thickness and grinding thickness shall not be in accordance with the requirements. In the same way, the non-roundness and wall unevenness of the cross section shall not exceed 80% of the outer diameter tolerance and the outer diameter tolerance respectively.
4.6 Delivery weight
Steel shall be delivered by actual weight or theoretical weight. The theoretical weight per meter of steel pipe (the strength of steel is 7.85k/dm\) is calculated according to formula (1):
W-0. 0246 615(D--S)S
In the formula, W
the theoretical weight per meter of steel pipe: kheight/ml
the nominal outer diameter of steel arm, rim:
—nominal total thickness of steel pipe, m.
4.7 Marking example
Outer diameter 76mm, wall thickness mt made of steel grade 41: 410I heat pipe-7G×4-GB/T 5312-1999 Outer diameter 42mm, wall thickness 511u1. Cold drawn boiler and superheater with fixed length 6000rmm: 320C drawn pipe-42X5X6000-GB/T 5312-19995 Technical requirements
5.1 Steel grade and chemical composition
5. 1.1 Steel grade and chemical composition (melting analysis) shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Steel grade 40 is suitable for pressure piping. (1)
5.1.2 When the supplier requires analysis of the finished product, this should be stated in the contract. The chemical composition of the finished product shall comply with GB/T 222. ||tt| ... RO
0.40---1.20
0.80~1.40
0.80-~1.50
Steel should be killed steel smelted in electric furnace, oxygen converter or open hearth furnace, and can be made by die casting or continuous screening process: 5.2.2 Manufacturing method of steel pipe
Steel pipe can be manufactured by hot rolling (expansion, extrusion) seamless method or drawing (rolling) seamless method. 5.3 Delivery status
Residual element
Not more than
Steel pipe is usually delivered in normalized state or normalized and tempered state. If the steel is delivered in heat consumption state, the final rolling temperature of the steel pipe shall not be lower than Ara.
5.4 Mechanical properties
5. 4. 1 The room temperature mechanical properties of steel pipe shall comply with the provisions of Table 4. Table 4 Normal Wet Mechanical Properties of Steel Pipe
Control Strength
320~440
360~481
410~530
460~~580
490~511
Same Suction Point +MPa
Not less than
Elongation, cry
5.4.2 High temperature mechanical properties of seamless pressure pipes for design are shown in Appendix C (Reminder Appendix): When required by the ship inspection department, the supplier shall provide high performance data or conduct type tests. 5.5 Process Test
5.5.1 The steel pipe shall be subjected to the fan pressure test or bending test as follows. 5.5.1.1 Flattening test
When the wall thickness of the pipe is not more than 10 mm1, the flattening test shall be carried out. The distance between the plates after flattening shall be calculated according to formula (2): (+a)s
α+S/D
or: H—
distance between the plates after flattening, mmt
S nominal wall thickness of the steel pipe, mm;
D nominal outer diameter of the steel pipe, mm;
.GE/T 5312 -- 1999
4----Deformation coefficient of steel pipe flattening test. 0.10 for 320 and 360 steel grades, 0.08 for 410 steel grades, and 0.07 for 460 and 490 steel grades. After the flattening test, there shall be no cracks on the specimen. Microcracks on the edge of the specimen shall not be examined. When the wall thickness of the steel pipe is greater than 10 mm or S/D ≥ 0.125, a C-shaped specimen may be used for the flattening test. 5.5.1.2 Bending test
When the steel is subjected to the bending test, the diameter of the bending core shall be 4 times the nominal wall thickness of the steel, and the bending accuracy shall be 780°. After the bending test, the specimen shall be free of cracks and delamination, and the micro cracks on the edge of the specimen shall be examined. 5.5.2 Boiler reformer tubes with an outer diameter of 18~146 mm and an inner diameter less than 15 mm shall be subjected to the mouth guard test or differential test according to the following provisions.
The mouth guard rate of the mouth guard test and the contact rate of the edge curling test shall comply with the provisions of Table 5. Table 5 Mouth guard rate and contact rate of the mouth guard test of the boiler mouth guard test Mouth guard rate and edge curling test, %
After the mouth guard test, there shall be no cracks at the mouth of the specimen. After the edge curling test, there shall be no cracks at the edge curling of the specimen. 5.5.3 Wave pressure test
Inner diameter/outer diameter
≥0.6--0.R
The pipes shall be subjected to wave pressure test one by one. The pressure of hydraulic test shall be calculated by formula (3), and the maximum value shall be 14 MPa. 2SR
Formula: P
-test pressure, MPa:
-nominal wall thickness of steel pipe, mnt
Allowable stress, % of the minimum service point specified in Table 4 MPa: nominal outer diameter of steel pipe, mm.
During the test, the stabilization time shall not be less than [Os. Under the test pressure, the steel arm shall not leak. 0.8
After the ship inspection, non-destructive testing methods (eddy current flaw detection, magnetic flux leakage flaw detection or ultrasonic flaw detection) can be used instead of hydraulic testing.
5.6 Surface quality
During the test, cracks, overlaps, delamination, scars and roll folds are not allowed on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe. These defects should be completely removed, and the actual wall thickness of the cleared part should not be less than the minimum wall thickness allowed by the thickness deviation. The allowable depth of the inner and outer surfaces of the boiler tube is as follows: the drawing (rolling) steel pipe should not be greater than 4% of the nominal wall thickness, and the maximum depth is 0.20 mml. The hot shoe (extruded, expanded) steel pipe should not be greater than 5% of the nominal wall thickness, and the maximum depth is 0.50 mm. 5.7 Nondestructive testing
1-level tubes, boiler and superheater tubes shall be subjected to magnetic or ultrasonic nondestructive testing (the inspection method shall not be the same as the inspection method of alternative hydraulic test). The manual comparison specimen for magnetic nondestructive testing shall be (B/T126061900 N12.5 rectangular groove, the minimum value of the precision depth is 0.5mm, the maximum value is 1.5mm, the manual comparison specimen for ultrasonic nondestructive testing; cold-drawn tubes shall comply with the provisions of C5 in GL/T5777-1996, and hot-rolled tubes shall comply with the provisions of C8 in GB/T5777-1996. 5
W6 Test method
6.1 Size and shape inspection
GB/T5312
Use appropriate measuring tools to measure and inspect the size and shape of each tube. 6.2 Surface inspection
The quality of the inner and outer surfaces of the tubes shall be visually inspected one by one under sufficient lighting conditions. 6.3 Other inspections
The test methods for other inspections of tubes shall comply with the provisions of Table 6 for Class 1 tubes and boiler and superheater tubes; Class 2 tubes shall comply with the provisions of Table 6.
Table 61 Inspection items, test methods and quantity of Class 1 tubes and furnace and superheater tubes Inspection items
Chemical analysis
Tensile test
Pressure test or sound bending test
Expansion test or differential test
Pressure test
Sealing test
Weak enzyme test
Sonic wave test
Test methodsbzxz.net
IGB/T 222.GB/T 223,GB/T 4336 Annex A (Standard Annex) Appendix B (Standard Annex) Appendix 13 (Standard Digest) GBFr 241 GB/T7735 GB/T 12606 GB/T 5777 I) GB/T 229 Regulations on the determination of elemental images Table 7 Test items Chemical equipment test or inspection test flow test Flow test Close inspection City wave inspection Number of samples Sampling per furnace (wax) 1 2% of the steel pipes in each batch shall be selected and shall not be less than 2, and one sample shall be taken from each steel pipe. Inspection items, test methods and sampling quantity of grade pipes GB/T222.GJ3/T223.GB/T4336 Appendix A (Appendix of the standard) Appendix B (Appendix of the standard) GB/T 241 GB/T 7735 GB/T12606 GR/T 5777 1) GB/T 223 The relevant specified method is the type of inspection method 7
Inspection rules
Inspection and acceptance
Maximum number
1 sample per year
Select 1 steel pipe from each batch of exposed pipes and take 1 sample on the test piece
The quality inspection and acceptance of the system shall be carried out by the supplier's technical supervision department and approved by the inspection department. 7.2 Batch planning
The steel pipes shall be inspected and accepted in batches. Each batch of steel pipes shall consist of steel pipes of the same steel grade, the same melting point, the same specification and the same heat treatment procedure.
For grade 1 pipes, when the outer diameter is not greater than 325mm, the number of each batch shall not exceed 200 pieces, and when the outer diameter is greater than 32hmm, the number of each batch shall not exceed 100 pieces. Steel pipes on the same batch can be combined. G
W7.3
Version sample data
GB/T53121999
Steel pipe various inspection items sampling data display: [Grade kidney and boiler and superheater tubes shall comply with the provisions of Table 6, 1st grade promotion shall comply with the provisions of Table 7,
Re-inspection and judgment rules
The re-inspection and judgment rules of the remaining tubes shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 2102. Packaging, marking and quality certificate
The packaging of steel pipes shall comply with the provisions of (GB/T2[02). 8.1
In addition to complying with the provisions of GB/T2102, the marking of the steel pipes shall also bear the mark of the inspection department. 8.2
8.3Each batch of steel pipes shall be accompanied by a quality certificate in both Chinese and English. The content shall comply with the provisions of CB/T2102 and shall be signed by the surveyor (or inspection agent), or a marine product certificate issued by the ship inspection department shall be available. 41-General provisions
A1.1 Scope of application
GB/T 5312
Appendix A
(Appendix of the standard)
Mechanical properties test method for carbon steel and carbon manganese steel seamless steel pipes for shipbuilding This test method is applicable to the mechanical properties test of carbon steel and manganese steel seamless steel pipes for shipbuilding. Except for the provisions of this method, other requirements for mechanical properties test shall comply with the provisions of GB/T228 and GL/T4338. A1.2 Test preparation
A1. 2. 1 Test material is the material from a batch of steel pipes that is processed into specimens for various tests. It should be representative of the performance and quality of the batch of steel pipes. A1.2.2 The specimens should be cut by cold processing. If shearing or fire-baking cutting is used, the margin between the cutting line and the edge of the specimen should be sufficient to ensure that the influence of the cutting process on the performance of the steel pipe is completely eliminated on the specimen. The specimen shall not be overheated or have a large cold deformation when it is corrected or mechanically added. The specimen preparation should keep the original rolling surface or close to the original rolling surface as much as possible. A1.3 Test equipment All tests should be carried out by operators who are competent for the test work on test equipment of a model approved by the ship inspection department. The test equipment should be kept in good and accurate condition and should be calibrated once a year. Calibration should be carried out by a nationally recognized dialing organization or other standard measurement organization. All calibration records should be kept in the laboratory in full for inspection at any time. 41.4 Scrap of specimens A1.4. 1 If the test result is unqualified due to unexpected defects on the specimen, failure of the test equipment, or operating error, the specimen may be scrapped and a new specimen may be cut from the same steel pipe near the original specimen. A1.4.2 During the tensile test, if the distance between the fracture and the nearest gauge mark is less than 1/3 of the gauge length and the specified minimum elongation string is not reached, the specimen shall be scrapped and a new sample shall be taken for testing. A2 Normal temperature tensile test
A2. 1 Specimen shape and size
The specimen of the pipe can be a full section of appropriate length (both ends can be plugged). The gauge length of the specimen should be 5.65/A (4 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen (mm) or 50mm. The length between the torch or plug (whichever is smaller) shall not be less than the sum of the gauge length and the outer diameter D. The specimen can also be prepared from strips cut along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe and processed into the dimensions shown in Figures A1 and A2. The parallel length of the test piece should not be flattened, but the extended end can be flattened to facilitate operation on the testing machine. The transverse machine area of ​​the strip specimen is calculated by formula (A1): A=a·b
Formula: A—
Cross-sectional area of ​​the specimen, mm\:
Average radial thickness of the specimen, mm:
b—Average width of the specimen, mm.
If the pipe wall thickness is sufficient to allow the specimen to be processed into the dimensions shown in Figure A3, a circular section specimen with the axis at the center of the wall thickness can also be used. 8
W5.65~4
About 5.6 months + 26
A2.2 Definition of yield point
GB/T 5312--1999
L, s BS
Yield point refers to the yield point, which can be determined by one of the following methods: a) the instantaneous load before the lever of the testing machine drops; b) the load when the pointer of the testing machine stops when the load sense pointer stops: Nein
) the load at the beginning of the yield stage, plastic deformation or the peak load in the yield stage shown on the tensile diagram, regardless of whether the peak load is equal to or less than other peak loads that appear later. A2.3 Test
A2.3.1 The test temperature is room temperature (18~25). A2.3.2 When measuring the service point, the stress change rate shall not exceed 30 MPa per second. After reaching the load at the service point, when measuring the tensile strength, the stress change rate shall not exceed 40% of the original gauge length. A2.3.3 When the tensile test ladder breaks on or outside the gauge mark, the test can be considered invalid and it is allowed to re-cut the sample for testing. A2.4 Equivalent elongation When the actual gauge length of the tensile specimen is not 5.65 VA, the minimum equivalent elongation of the actual test specimen relative to the gauge length of 3.65 VA can be calculated according to formula (A2): 0e = 28, (
Where:
The minimum equivalent elongation of the actual specimen for the specimen with a gauge length of L = 5.65 /A, %; The minimum elongation of the specimen with a gauge length of L = 5.65 VA specified in this standard, % 1A——Original cross-sectional area of ​​the parallel section of the actual test specimen, mm mL——Actual gauge length of the specimen, mm. Standard 3 High-temperature tensile test (A2) A3.1 The gauge length (L) of the specimen used to determine the yield point or 0.2% specified non-proportional elongation stress at high temperature (50°C) shall not be less than 50 mmt, the cross-sectional area (A) shall not be less than 55 mm. If the product size or the test knife is limited, the sample size shall be the maximum size that can be actually obtained:
A3.2 The heating equipment shall ensure that the deviation between the sample temperature and the specified temperature during the test is not greater than ±5.43.3 When approaching the lower service point or 0.2% of the specified non-proportional stress, the strain rate shall be controlled within the range of 0.1%-~0.3% of the original standard length per minute.
W.GB/T 5312-1999
A3.4 The time interval for determining the virtual change rate from the measured strain meter shall not be less than 65. Appendix B
(Standard Appendix)
Technology test method for carbon steel and carbon manganese steel keyless steel pipes for ships B1 General provisions
B1.1 Applicable scope
This test method is applicable to the process tests of carbon steel and carbon manganese steel non-linkage joints for ships (including flattening, bending, and curling tests). Other test requirements not specified in this method shall comply with the provisions of GB/T24G, GB/T232, GB/T22, and GB/T245. B1.2 Preparation of test specimens, test equipment, and test specimen scrapping. Preparation of test specimens, test equipment, and test specimen length shall comply with the provisions of A1.2, A1.3, and A1.1 of Appendix A of this standard. B1.3 The test is carried out at a temperature of 18~25℃. 12 Compression test
F2.1 The compression test specimen shall be taken so that both sides are perpendicular to the axis of the steel pipe, and the length of the specimen shall be equal to 1.5 of the outer diameter. times, but not less than 10mm nor greater than 100mm:
B2.2 The distance between the pressure fans is perpendicular to the auxiliary line of the vehicle tube. During the B2.3 test, the sample is placed between two flat plates and pressurized evenly until the distance between the flat plates is not greater than the specified value H of (F) given by formula (2) in 5.5.1.1 of this standard. The size of the plate corresponds to the length and width of the sample after the warping method. B3 Expansion test
B3.1 The mouth guard test sample should be taken so that the two end faces are perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The length of the sample is equal to 1.5 times the outer diameter of the steel pipe: but not less than 50m. The test edge can be processed into an angle, R3.2 The test adopts a 45' or 60° taper: the core pressure A test companion is increased to make it evenly expanded to the table 5 in 5.5.2 of this standard. The expansion ratio is specified. During the test, the core and the tube should not rotate, and it is not allowed to apply lubricant to the core. 4 Bending test
R4.1 The bending test specimen should be a full-thickness strip with a circumferential cut width of not less than 40 mm on the pin tube. If the pipe wall limit is large, a mechanical increase of 20mm can be used to make the specimen suitable for the bending test. The edge of the specimen can be filled with a radius of 1.6mm.
4.2 During the test, the radius of the bending core shall be selected according to the provisions of 5.5.1.2 of this standard, and the test shall be carried out in the original bending direction. B5 Rolling test
B5.1 The rolling test specimen should be cut so that the two end faces are perpendicular to the axis of the tube. The specimen length should not be less than the outer diameter of the tube. The edge of the specimen can be filled with a radius of 1.6mm.
B5. 2 The test shall be carried out by symmetrically crimping one end of the steel pipe using a hardened steel pre-conical core. 5.3 The first step of the crimping test shall be to expand the pipe with a conical negative core (see Figure F1) with a core angle of about 90°, and then complete the crimping test with a two-way forming core as shown in Figure 132. The core shall be smooth. During the test, the steel and the core shall not rotate. The test shall be carried out until the expanded part is formed or the new edge is perpendicular to the axis of the test specimen. The outer diameter crimping rate of the end of the test specimen shall comply with the provisions of Table 5 in 5.5.2 of this standard. 13
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