Packaging and packaging waste - Part 1：General rules of disposal and utilization
Some standard content:
ICS55.020
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T16716.1--2008
Replaces GB/T16716-1996
Packaging and packaging waste
Part 1: General rules of disposal and utilization
Packaging and packaging wastePart 1: General rules of disposal and utilization2008-07-18Promulgated
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaStandardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Digital copy
2009-01-01Implementation
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Packaging and packaging waste
Part 1: General rules of disposal and utilization
GB/T 16716. 1—2008
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http://foodmate.netForeword
GB/T16716 Packaging and Packaging Waste" is divided into 7 parts: Part 1: General principles for treatment and utilization; Part 2: Assessment methods and procedures; Part 3: Preliminary reduction; Part 4: Reuse; Part 5: Material recycling! Part 6: Energy recovery; Part 7: Biodegradation and composting. This part is the first part of GB/T16716. GB/T 16716.12008
The main technical contents of this part refer to the EU Directive 94/62/EC on Packaging and Packaging Waste. The terms established in this part and the heavy metal content indicators specified are equivalent to those in 94/62/EC. The main technical differences between this part and 94/62/EC are as follows: the format and expression applicable to EU regulations are changed to the format and expression applicable to Chinese standards; the recycling rate and recovery of various types of packaging materials are not specified, and the incineration directive and landfill directive cited in the directive are changed to the corresponding mandatory standards in my country. This part replaces GB/T16716-1996 "General Rules for the Treatment and Utilization of Packaging Waste". Compared with GB/T16716-1996, the main changes of this part are as follows: Chapter 4 "Classification" of the original standard has been deleted. Chapter 5 "Basic Requirements" of the original standard has been changed to Chapter 4 "Requirements" of this part, including basic requirements, reuse, recycling and final treatment: Chapter 9 "Storage and Transportation" of the original standard has been deleted. This part was proposed by the Standardization Administration of China. This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Packaging Standardization. This part is drafted by the China Export Commodity Packaging Research Institute, and Shanghai Food and Drug Packaging Materials Testing Institute, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., and Beijing Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The main drafters of this part are: Mei Yongli, Wang Yuande, Xu Minfeng, Cai Gang, Tang Shutian, and Guo Zhenmei. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this part are: GB/T16716--1996.
GB/T16716.1-2008
GB/T167161996 "General Rules for Treatment and Utilization of Packaging Waste" has been promulgated and implemented for more than ten years, and has played an important guiding role in the sustainable development of my country's packaging industry.
With the global economic integration, countries around the world have increasingly higher requirements for commodity packaging. The European Union promulgated the 94/62/EC Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste in 1994, and promulgated a series of coordinated standards to support the directive in 2000, and revised most of them in 2004. Some of them have been recommended to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as International standard. In order to adapt to the industrial policy requirements of packaging reduction, reuse and resource utilization in my country and the development of the packaging industry, and to promote the advancement of packaging technology, it is necessary to revise GB/16716-
1996, so that the technology and standardization of packaging and packaging waste treatment and utilization can be in line with international standards, thereby effectively eliminating international trade barriers. The technical content of this part takes into account the differences between my country's current laws and regulations and the EU system, and at the same time adopts the technical views and measures elaborated in EU Directive 94/62/EC as the technical basis of the standard. The requirements of this part include the following contents. Scope
Packaging and packaging waste
Part 1: General principles for treatment and utilization
CB/T1671 6.1—2008
This part of GB/T 16716 specifies the requirements, methods, effect evaluation criteria and recycling marks for the treatment and utilization of packaging and packaging waste.
This part applies to the design, production, use, treatment and utilization of packaging. It is not applicable to industrial hazardous goods packaging. HIN
2 Normative referenced documents
The following documents
The following documents become clauses of this part through reference to this part of GB/
16716. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments or revisions excluding errata do not apply to this part. However, the parties to an agreement based on this part are encouraged to study whether to use the latest versions of these documents. For any undated reference The latest version of the document shall apply to this part. GB/T4122.1 GB16297 GB16889 Packaging terms Part 1: Basic COL Integrated emission standard for solid waste Control standard for landfill pollution control of solid waste Recycling mark GB18455 Control standard for pollution control of solid waste incineration CB18484 GB18485 GB18599 Pollution control standard for solid waste incineration Pollution control standard for industrial solid waste storage and disposal sites Environmental monitoring technology for landfills GB/T 18772
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms are applicable to the wood part of GB/T 16716 and the following terms are applicable to the wood part of GB/T 4122.1. 3.1
Packaging waste
packaghagwaste
Any packaging container, material or component that has lost or completed its intended use value or function and has become solid waste. 3.2
Reuse
Commercial operation in which packaging is expected or planned to complete a limited number of round trips or cycles within its life cycle. 3.3
Recycling
recovery
Under the conditions that do not endanger personal safety and do not pollute the environment, the recycled packaging or packaging waste is classified and treated in different ways, including materials recycling, energy recovery, biodegradation, biogas production and composting technologies and methods. 3.4
Recycling
The technology and method of recycling discarded packaging materials through purposeful production and processing, including the recycling of organic matter (excluding energy recovery).
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GB/T 16716.12008
Energy recovery
The technology and method of industrial energy recycling, which directly burns packaging waste and may add other wastes, based on the use of heat energy.
Biodegradation
The technology and method of causing significant changes in the chemical structure of packaging waste materials through the activity of microorganisms, especially enzymes. 3.7
Compost
The technology and method of obtaining organic soil (containing a certain amount of mineral components) through biodegradation of a mixture of packaging waste and different plant residues.
4 Requirements
4.1 Basic requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and use of packaging materials, containers and auxiliary materials should be conducive to recycling, classification and treatment after they become waste.
4.1.2 Packaging should reduce the amount of materials used while fully protecting the product, meeting safety, hygiene and environmental requirements, and meeting consumer demand, thereby effectively reducing the total amount of packaging waste. 4.1.3 The total content of heavy metals lead, thiourea, mercury and hexavalent chromium in packaging and packaging materials should not exceed 100 mg/kg. In the absence of alternatives, the use of hazardous chemicals should be operated under foreseeable conditions, and their use should be controlled to an appropriate level, thereby reducing the adverse impact of packaging waste on the environment during recycling or final treatment. 4.2 Reusability
Reusable packaging should meet the following requirements: The physical properties and technical characteristics of the packaging should enable it to be used back and forth or recycled several times under normal and foreseeable conditions of use: - Stable and reliable technical measures should be available to keep the used containers clean and hygienic to ensure the safety and health of the operator: - The container should be easy to unload or empty, and its volume or quantity should meet the expected requirements, and it can maintain its original function through operations such as washing and maintenance - When the packaging is no longer reused and becomes waste, it should meet the requirements for recycling. 4.3 Recycling
4.3. 1 Material Recycling
When packaging waste is easy to identify, separate and classify, effective technical measures can be taken in the production process to directly determine the content of the ingredients and regenerate them into products that meet the standard requirements or have use value, and they should be recycled in the form of material recycling. 4.3.2 Energy Recovery and Utilization
When the product residue in the packaging container is not easy to remove, or it is not easy to identify, separate or classify itself, and contains a certain amount of organic matter, that is, it has a minimum calorific value and can obtain effective heat through combustion, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of energy recovery. 4.3.3 Biodegradation
When the packaging waste is general domestic waste without any harmful substances, and its components contain plant fibers or degradable materials, it can produce organic compost through biodegradation in an aerobic environment, or it can produce biogas in an anaerobic environment and obtain organic compost at the same time, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of biodegradation. The organic compost should meet the requirements of arable soil. 4.4 Final Treatment
4.4.1 Landfill
When the packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and does not contain substances or components that may pollute groundwater sources, it should be landfilled and handled in accordance with the provisions of GB16889 and GB18772.
4.4.2 Incineration
GB/T 16716.1--2008
When packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and there are hazardous chemicals or other harmful microorganisms, it should be incinerated in accordance with the provisions of GB18484, GB18485 and GB16297. Note: Incineration and energy recovery described in 4.3.2 are both incineration in form, but the purpose and method are different. Incineration is to completely eliminate the harm of hazardous chemicals or harmful microorganisms to the environment, and different furnace temperatures are used in a targeted manner. 5 Methods
5.1 Paper packaging containers and materials
5.1.1 Paper boxes, cartons and other plant fiber products should be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When they are seriously contaminated, they should be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.1.2 In the absence of special requirements, the following measures can be taken to use water-soluble adhesives:
- Appropriate printing to reduce the amount of oil: Use oxidation method to bleach pulp products:
- Reduce or do not use metal nails, wax, lamination, etc. 5.1.3 Plant fiber waste of poor quality and unsuitable for recycled papermaking can be made into satin punching pads or molded products by pulping, blistering, and chemical molding.
5.2 Plastic packaging containers and materials
5.2.1 The recycling of plastic packaging shall be identified and classified according to the requirements of Chapter 7. 5.2.2 Plastic packaging shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1 and 4.3.2. Biodegradable plastics shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.3, and when contaminated, they shall be handled according to 4.4.2.
5.2.3 Plastic packaging materials can be decomposed into organic chemical products using special equipment. 5.3 Metal packaging containers and materials
5.3.1 Metal barrels, cans, boxes, hoses, spray cans and other packaging containers and materials shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.3.2 After recycling and sorting, metal scrap packaging containers and materials shall be properly cleaned to remove sulfur, phosphorus and other residues. 5.3.3 Sealed barrels, ends or similar packaging containers shall be disassembled, and metal packaging containers and materials with plated pots shall be pre-exhausted. 5.4 Glass packaging containers
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.4.2 The recycling and regeneration of glass packaging containers shall be pre-sorted by color to remove auxiliary materials or residues such as metals and their oxides. 5.5 Wooden packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wooden packaging shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When it is damaged by biological damage, it shall be handled in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.5.2 This packaging can be disassembled or crushed by electromagnetic separation to remove metal accessories or metal nails, and used as papermaking raw materials or artificial board materials.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite materials, composite hoses, and aluminum foil composite films shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.2. 5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials made of multiple materials, two or more materials can be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the packaging of composite materials is a specific product and its source is continuous and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain size and added to the resin as filler to make recycled materials or products of a certain specification. 5.6.4 Magnesium concrete packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after crushing. 6 Effect Evaluation Criteria
6.1 Comprehensive effect evaluation of packaging waste treatment and utilization should include the economic, social and environmental costs, that is, a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impacts of packaging on safety, hygiene and the environment during its life cycle: the costs of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain; consumer evaluation: the protective function and use effect of the packaging and the commercial value created thereby, etc. The specific contents shall include GB/T16716.1-2008
all costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
number of times of reuse, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
reduction of volume, quality and harmful substances of packaging waste; d
safety of cleaning, drying and reuse of packaging waste; reduction of resource and energy consumption during reprocessing of packaging waste; possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling of packaging waste; d
economic value of recycling packaging waste as materials; economic value of recycling packaging waste through energy; economic value of recycling packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer; i
) the impact of filtrate generated during the treatment of packaging waste on the environment; ) the impact of smoke and fly ash generated during the incineration of packaging waste on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators of packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
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Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:2 Reusability
Reusable packaging should meet the following requirements: The physical properties and technical characteristics of the packaging should enable it to be used back and forth or recycled several times under normal and foreseeable conditions of use: - Stable and reliable technical measures should be available to keep the used containers clean and hygienic to ensure the safety and health of the operator: - The container should be easy to unload or empty, and its volume or quantity should meet the expected requirements, and it can maintain its original function through operations such as washing and maintenance - When the packaging is no longer reused and is discarded, it should meet the requirements for recycling. 4.3 Recycling
4.3. 1 Material Recycling
When packaging waste is easy to identify, separate and classify, effective technical measures can be taken in the production process to directly regenerate the determined component content into products that meet standard requirements or have use value, and it should be recycled in the form of material recycling. 4.3.2 Energy Recovery and Utilization
When the product residue in the packaging container is not easy to remove, or it is not easy to identify, separate or classify itself, and contains a certain amount of organic matter, that is, it has a minimum calorific value and can obtain effective heat through combustion, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of energy recovery. 4.3.3 Biodegradation
When the packaging waste is general domestic waste without any harmful substances, and its components contain plant fibers or degradable materials, it can produce organic compost through biodegradation in an aerobic environment, or it can produce biogas in an anaerobic environment and obtain organic compost at the same time, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of biodegradation. The organic compost should meet the requirements of arable soil. 4.4 Final Treatment
4.4.1 Landfill
When the packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and does not contain substances or components that may pollute groundwater sources, it should be landfilled and handled in accordance with the provisions of GB16889 and GB18772.
4.4.2 Incineration
GB/T 16716.1--2008
When packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and there are hazardous chemicals or other harmful microorganisms, it should be incinerated in accordance with the provisions of GB18484, GB18485 and GB16297. Note: Incineration and energy recovery described in 4.3.2 are both incineration in form, but the purpose and method are different. Incineration is to completely eliminate the harm of hazardous chemicals or harmful microorganisms to the environment, and different furnace temperatures are used in a targeted manner. 5 Methods
5.1 Paper packaging containers and materials
5.1.1 Paper boxes, cartons and other plant fiber products should be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When they are seriously contaminated, they should be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.1.2 In the absence of special requirements, the following measures can be taken to use water-soluble adhesives:
- Appropriate printing to reduce the amount of oil: Use oxidation method to bleach pulp products:
- Reduce or do not use metal nails, wax, lamination, etc. 5.1.3 Plant fiber waste of poor quality and unsuitable for recycled papermaking can be made into satin punching pads or molded products by pulping, blistering, and chemical molding.
5.2 Plastic packaging containers and materials
5.2.1 The recycling of plastic packaging shall be identified and classified according to the requirements of Chapter 7. 5.2.2 Plastic packaging shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1 and 4.3.2. Biodegradable plastics shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.3, and when contaminated, they shall be handled according to 4.4.2.
5.2.3 Plastic packaging materials can be decomposed into organic chemical products using special equipment. 5.3 Metal packaging containers and materials
5.3.1 Metal barrels, cans, boxes, hoses, spray cans and other packaging containers and materials shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.3.2 After recycling and sorting, metal scrap packaging containers and materials shall be properly cleaned to remove sulfur, phosphorus and other residues. 5.3.3 Sealed barrels, ends or similar packaging containers shall be disassembled, and metal packaging containers and materials with plated pots shall be pre-exhausted. 5.4 Glass packaging containers
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.4.2 The recycling and regeneration of glass packaging containers shall be pre-sorted by color to remove auxiliary materials or residues such as metals and their oxides. 5.5 Wooden packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wooden packaging shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When it is damaged by biological damage, it shall be handled in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.5.2 This packaging can be disassembled or crushed by electromagnetic separation to remove metal accessories or metal nails, and used as papermaking raw materials or artificial board materials.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite materials, composite hoses, and aluminum foil composite films shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.2. 5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials made of multiple materials, two or more materials can be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the packaging of composite materials is a specific product and its source is continuous and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain size and added to the resin as filler to make recycled materials or products of a certain specification. 5.6.4 Magnesium concrete packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after crushing. 6 Effect Evaluation Criteria
6.1 Comprehensive effect evaluation of packaging waste treatment and utilization should include the economic, social and environmental costs, that is, a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impacts of packaging on safety, hygiene and the environment during its life cycle: the costs of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain; consumer evaluation: the protective function and use effect of the packaging and the commercial value created thereby, etc. The specific contents shall include GB/T16716.1-2008
all costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
number of times of reuse, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
reduction of volume, quality and harmful substances of packaging waste; d
safety of cleaning, drying and reuse of packaging waste; reduction of resource and energy consumption during reprocessing of packaging waste; possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling of packaging waste; d
economic value of recycling packaging waste as materials; economic value of recycling packaging waste through energy; economic value of recycling packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer; i
) the impact of filtrate generated during the treatment of packaging waste on the environment; ) the impact of smoke and fly ash generated during the incineration of packaging waste on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators of packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
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Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:2 Reusability
Reusable packaging should meet the following requirements: The physical properties and technical characteristics of the packaging should enable it to be used back and forth or recycled several times under normal and foreseeable conditions of use: - Stable and reliable technical measures should be available to keep the used containers clean and hygienic to ensure the safety and health of the operator: - The container should be easy to unload or empty, and its volume or quantity should meet the expected requirements, and it can maintain its original function through operations such as washing and maintenance - When the packaging is no longer reused and is discarded, it should meet the requirements for recycling. 4.3 Recycling
4.3. 1 Material Recycling
When packaging waste is easy to identify, separate and classify, effective technical measures can be taken in the production process to directly regenerate the determined component content into products that meet standard requirements or have use value, and it should be recycled in the form of material recycling. 4.3.2 Energy Recovery and Utilization
When the product residue in the packaging container is not easy to remove, or it is not easy to identify, separate or classify itself, and contains a certain amount of organic matter, that is, it has a minimum calorific value and can obtain effective heat through combustion, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of energy recovery. 4.3.3 Biodegradation
When the packaging waste is general domestic waste without any harmful substances, and its components contain plant fibers or degradable materials, it can produce organic compost through biodegradation in an aerobic environment, or it can produce biogas in an anaerobic environment and obtain organic compost at the same time, it should be recycled and utilized in the form of biodegradation. The organic compost should meet the requirements of arable soil. 4.4 Final Treatment
4.4.1 Landfill
When the packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and does not contain substances or components that may pollute groundwater sources, it should be landfilled and handled in accordance with the provisions of GB16889 and GB18772.
4.4.2 Incineration
GB/T 16716.1--2008
When packaging waste does not meet the requirements of 4.3 and there are hazardous chemicals or other harmful microorganisms, it should be incinerated in accordance with the provisions of GB18484, GB18485 and GB16297. Note: Incineration and energy recovery described in 4.3.2 are both incineration in form, but the purpose and method are different. Incineration is to completely eliminate the harm of hazardous chemicals or harmful microorganisms to the environment, and different furnace temperatures are used in a targeted manner. 5 Methods
5.1 Paper packaging containers and materials
5.1.1 Paper boxes, cartons and other plant fiber products should be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When they are seriously contaminated, they should be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.1.2 In the absence of special requirements, the following measures can be taken to use water-soluble adhesives:
- Appropriate printing to reduce the amount of oil: Use oxidation method to bleach pulp products:
- Reduce or do not use metal nails, wax, lamination, etc. 5.1.3 Plant fiber waste of poor quality and unsuitable for recycled papermaking can be made into satin punching pads or molded products by pulping, blistering, and chemical molding.
5.2 Plastic packaging containers and materials
5.2.1 The recycling of plastic packaging shall be identified and classified according to the requirements of Chapter 7. 5.2.2 Plastic packaging shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1 and 4.3.2. Biodegradable plastics shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.3, and when contaminated, they shall be handled according to 4.4.2. Www.bzxZ.net
5.2.3 Plastic packaging materials can be decomposed into organic chemical products using special equipment. 5.3 Metal packaging containers and materials
5.3.1 Metal barrels, cans, boxes, hoses, spray cans and other packaging containers and materials shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.3.2 After recycling and sorting, metal scrap packaging containers and materials shall be properly cleaned to remove sulfur, phosphorus and other residues. 5.3.3 Sealed barrels, ends or similar packaging containers shall be disassembled, and metal packaging containers and materials with plated pots shall be pre-exhausted. 5.4 Glass packaging containers
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.4.2 The recycling and regeneration of glass packaging containers shall be pre-sorted by color to remove auxiliary materials or residues such as metals and their oxides. 5.5 Wooden packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wooden packaging shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3. When it is damaged by biological damage, it shall be handled in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.5.2 This packaging can be disassembled or crushed by electromagnetic separation to remove metal accessories or metal nails, and used as papermaking raw materials or artificial board materials.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite materials, composite hoses, and aluminum foil composite films shall be handled in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.2. 5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials made of multiple materials, two or more materials can be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the packaging of composite materials is a specific product and its source is continuous and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain size and added to the resin as filler to make recycled materials or products of a certain specification. 5.6.4 Magnesium concrete packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after crushing. 6 Effect Evaluation Criteria
6.1 Comprehensive effect evaluation of packaging waste treatment and utilization should include the economic, social and environmental costs, that is, a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impacts of packaging on safety, hygiene and the environment during its life cycle: the costs of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain; consumer evaluation: the protective function and use effect of the packaging and the commercial value created thereby, etc. The specific contents shall include GB/T16716.1-2008
all costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
number of times of reuse, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
reduction of volume, quality and harmful substances of packaging waste; d
safety of cleaning, drying and reuse of packaging waste; reduction of resource and energy consumption during reprocessing of packaging waste; possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling of packaging waste; d
economic value of recycling packaging waste as materials; economic value of recycling packaging waste through energy; economic value of recycling packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer; i
) the impact of filtrate generated during the treatment of packaging waste on the environment; ) the impact of smoke and fly ash generated during the incineration of packaging waste on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators of packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
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Price:2 The energy recycling and utilization described above are all incineration in form, but the purpose and method are different. Incineration treatment uses different furnace temperatures in a targeted manner to completely remove the harm of hazardous chemicals or harmful microorganisms to the environment. 5 Methods
5.1 Paper packaging containers and materials
5.1.1 Paper boxes, cartons and other plant fiber products shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3, and when seriously contaminated, they shall be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.1.2 In the absence of special requirements, the following measures can be taken to use water-soluble adhesives:
- Appropriate printing to reduce the amount of oil: Use oxidation method to bleach pulp products:
- Reduce or do not use metal nails, wax, lamination, etc. 5.1.3 Plant fiber wastes of poor quality and not suitable for recycled papermaking can be made into satin punching pads or molded products by pulping, blistering, and chemical molding methods.
5.2 Plastic packaging containers and materials
5.2.1 The recycling of plastic packaging shall be identified and classified according to the requirements of Chapter 7. 5.2.2 Plastic packaging shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1 and 4.3.2. Biodegradable plastics shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.3, and when contaminated, they shall be handled according to 4.4.2.
5.2.3 Plastic packaging materials can be decomposed into organic chemical products using special equipment. 5.3 Metal packaging containers and materials
5.3.1 Metal barrels, cans, boxes, hoses, spray cans and other packaging containers and materials shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.3.2 After recycling and classification, metal packaging containers and materials shall be properly cleaned to remove sulfur, phosphorus and other residues. 5.3.3 Sealed barrels, cans or similar packaging containers shall be disassembled, and metal packaging containers and materials with plated pots shall be exhausted in advance. 5.4 Glass packaging containers
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.4.2 Recycling of glass packaging containers shall be pre-sorted by color, and auxiliary materials or residues such as metals and their oxides shall be removed. 5.5 Wooden packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wooden packaging shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3, and when it is attacked by biological damage, it shall be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.5.2 This packaging can be disassembled or electromagnetically separated after crushing to remove metal accessories or metal nails, and used as papermaking raw materials or artificial board materials.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite pulp, composite hose, aluminum foil composite film, etc. shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.2. 5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials composed of multiple materials, two or more materials can be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the composite material packaging is a specific product and its source is sustainable and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain size and added to the resin as filler to make recycled materials or products of a certain specification. 5.6.4 Magnesium concrete packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after crushing. 6 Effect evaluation criteria
6.1 The comprehensive effect evaluation of packaging waste treatment and utilization should include the economic, social and environmental costs paid for it, that is, a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impact of packaging on safety, health and the environment during its life cycle: the costs of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain; consumer evaluation: the protective function and use effect of the packaging and the commercial value created thereby, etc. The specific contents shall include GB/T16716.1-2008
all costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
number of times of reuse, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
reduction of volume, quality and harmful substances of packaging waste; d
safety of cleaning, drying and reuse of packaging waste; reduction of resource and energy consumption during reprocessing of packaging waste; possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling of packaging waste; d
economic value of recycling packaging waste as materials; economic value of recycling packaging waste through energy; economic value of recycling packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer; i
) the impact of filtrate generated during the treatment of packaging waste on the environment; ) the impact of smoke and fly ash generated during the incineration of packaging waste on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators of packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
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Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:2 The energy recycling and utilization described above are all incineration in form, but the purpose and method are different. Incineration treatment uses different furnace temperatures in a targeted manner to completely remove the harm of hazardous chemicals or harmful microorganisms to the environment. 5 Methods
5.1 Paper packaging containers and materials
5.1.1 Paper boxes, cartons and other plant fiber products shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3, and when seriously contaminated, they shall be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.1.2 In the absence of special requirements, the following measures can be taken to use water-soluble adhesives:
- Appropriate printing to reduce the amount of oil: Use oxidation method to bleach pulp products:
- Reduce or do not use metal nails, wax, lamination, etc. 5.1.3 Plant fiber wastes of poor quality and not suitable for recycled papermaking can be made into satin punching pads or molded products by pulping, blistering, and chemical molding methods.
5.2 Plastic packaging containers and materials
5.2.1 The recycling of plastic packaging shall be identified and classified according to the requirements of Chapter 7. 5.2.2 Plastic packaging shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1 and 4.3.2. Biodegradable plastics shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.3, and when contaminated, they shall be handled according to 4.4.2.
5.2.3 Plastic packaging materials can be decomposed into organic chemical products using special equipment. 5.3 Metal packaging containers and materials
5.3.1 Metal barrels, cans, boxes, hoses, spray cans and other packaging containers and materials shall be handled according to the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.3.2 After recycling and classification, metal packaging containers and materials shall be properly cleaned to remove sulfur, phosphorus and other residues. 5.3.3 Sealed barrels, cans or similar packaging containers shall be disassembled, and metal packaging containers and materials with plated pots shall be exhausted in advance. 5.4 Glass packaging containers
5.4.1 Glass packaging containers shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.4.2 Recycling of glass packaging containers shall be pre-sorted by color, and auxiliary materials or residues such as metals and their oxides shall be removed. 5.5 Wooden packaging containers and materials
5.5.1 Wooden packaging shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3, and when it is attacked by biological damage, it shall be treated in accordance with 4.4.2. 5.5.2 This packaging can be disassembled or electromagnetically separated after crushing to remove metal accessories or metal nails, and used as papermaking raw materials or artificial board materials.
5.6 Other packaging containers and materials
5.6.1 Composite materials such as composite pulp, composite hose, aluminum foil composite film, etc. shall be treated in accordance with the requirements of 4.3.2. 5.6.2 For packaging containers or materials composed of multiple materials, two or more materials can be separated by special equipment.
5.6.3 When the composite material packaging is a specific product and its source is sustainable and stable, it can be chopped into particles of a certain size and added to the resin as filler to make recycled materials or products of a certain specification. 5.6.4 Magnesium concrete packaging containers and materials can be landfilled after crushing. 6 Effect evaluation criteria
6.1 The comprehensive effect evaluation of packaging waste treatment and utilization should include the economic, social and environmental costs paid for it, that is, a comprehensive examination of the direct and potential impact of packaging on safety, health and the environment during its life cycle: the costs of all management departments and enterprises in the packaging chain; consumer evaluation: the protective function and use effect of the packaging and the commercial value created thereby, etc. The specific contents shall include GB/T16716.1-2008
all costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
number of times of reuse, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
reduction of volume, quality and harmful substances of packaging waste; d
safety of cleaning, drying and reuse of packaging waste; reduction of resource and energy consumption during reprocessing of packaging waste; possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling of packaging waste; d
economic value of recycling packaging waste as materials; economic value of recycling packaging waste through energy; economic value of recycling packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer; i
) the impact of filtrate generated during the treatment of packaging waste on the environment; ) the impact of smoke and fly ash generated during the incineration of packaging waste on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators of packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
h+t:
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Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:1-2008
All costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
The number of times of repeated use, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
The volume, quality and reduction of harmful substances in packaging waste; d
Safety of packaging waste cleaning, drying and reuse: Reduction of resource and energy consumption when packaging waste is reprocessed: Possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling packaging waste: D
The economic value of packaging waste as material recycling: The economic value of packaging waste through energy recovery: The economic value of packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer recovery; i
) The impact of filtrate generated during packaging waste treatment on the environment: ) The impact of smoke and fly ash generated during packaging waste incineration on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators for packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
h+t:
Copyright reserved
Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:1-2008
All costs of design, production, use, recycling, classification and recycling; a)
The number of times of repeated use, recycling rate and stability and reliability of operation in the circulation system; b
The volume, quality and reduction of harmful substances in packaging waste; d
Safety of packaging waste cleaning, drying and reuse: Reduction of resource and energy consumption when packaging waste is reprocessed: Possibility of secondary pollution caused by recycling packaging waste: D
The economic value of packaging waste as material recycling: The economic value of packaging waste through energy recovery: The economic value of packaging waste through biodegradation and fertilizer recovery; i
) The impact of filtrate generated during packaging waste treatment on the environment: ) The impact of smoke and fly ash generated during packaging waste incineration on the environment. 6.2 The environmental evaluation indicators for packaging waste treatment and utilization shall comply with the provisions of GB18599. 7 Packaging recycling mark
7.1 Packaging recycling mark shall comply with the provisions of GB18455. 7.2 Packaging material recycling mark shall be correct, clear and firm. 7.3 Plastics, metals and composite materials that are difficult to identify in packaging materials shall be marked with recycling marks in accordance with regulations. GB/T 16716.1-2008
h+t:
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Book number: 155066: 1-33945
Price:
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