Some standard content:
1CS35.040
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T23830—2009
Applied guide of logistics management information system Application development guide of logistics management information system?Issued on May 6, 2009
General Department of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
Implementation on November 1, 2009
GB/T23830—7009
Normative referenced documents
Terms and definitions
Logistics management information system
Technical architecture of logistics management information system·
Logistics management information system integration·
Application development method of logistics management information system References
This standard was proposed by the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport. Foreword
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Logistics Information Management Standardization Technical Committee GB/T23830-2009
The drafting units of this standard are: Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport, China Logistics Information Center, Chinasoft Crown Software Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Tianheng Zhiye Consulting Technology Co., Ltd., and Beijing Yapu Century Technology Development Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Jiang Zhiqiang, Yuan Zhineng, Han Zhongya, Zhenghui, Zhang Huaiqing, Cha Junfeng, Tang Hui1
1Scope
Guide to the application development of logistics management information system G8/T238302009
This standard provides the application principles, functions, technical architecture, system integration and development methods of logistics management information system. This standard is applicable to the planning, development and application of logistics management information system, and can be used as a reference for various types of logistics enterprises and information system suppliers.
2 Normative referenced documents
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errors) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties to an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether to use the latest versions of these documents. For undated references, the latest versions apply to this standard. GI3/T7027 Basic principles and methods for information classification and coding CB/T8567 Computer software documentation preparation standard GB17859 Computer information system security protection level classification criteria GA163 Computer information system security special product classification principles 3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Logistics
The physical flow of goods from the supply location to the receiving location. According to actual needs, the transport, storage, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, circulation, distribution, information processing and other functions are organically combined. LGB/T 18354-2006,2.2-
Logistics activitieslogislicsaclivily
The overall operation of the transport, storage, loading and unloading, handling, packaging, circulation processing, distribution and other functions in the logistics process. LGB/T 18354-2006,2.3
Logistics enterpriselogistics cnterprise is an economic organization engaged in the design and system operation of logistics business within the scope of logistics basic functions, with an information management system adapted to its own business, and implementing independent accounting and bearing civil liability: I GB/T 18354-2006,2.16
Logistics managementJogislicsmanagemen
To achieve the established goals, the whole process of logistics is planned, organized, coordinated and controlled. [GB/T 18334—2006,2. 4]
Logistics information is a general term for the knowledge, information, images, data and documents that reflect the content of logistics activities. GB/T 18354-2006,2.23
GB/T 23830—2009
Supply logistics
Logistics activities that occur when providing raw materials, parts or other materials. [G13/T183b4--2006,2.26
Production logisticsProduction logisticsLogistics activities involving raw materials, work-in-progress, semi-finished products, etc. in the production process of an enterprise[GB/T 18354—2006,2.27
Enterprise logisticsEnlernrisclogistics
Logistics activities in production and distribution enterprises related to business activities,[G3/T :8354 2006,2.25-
Social logistics
Social logistics
General term for logistics activities outside an enterprise.
Third party logisticsThird party logisticsIndependent of both the supply and demand sides, providing customers with special or comprehensive logistics system design or system operation logistics service models or. [G13/T 18354-2006,2.9]
Electronic data interchange
Using standardized formats, using computer networks to transmit and process business data. [GB/T _8354-2006,5.22]
Supply chain
In the production and distribution process, it involves the network structure formed by providing products or services to the final user. [G3/T 18351-2006,2.5]
Supply chain managementSupply chain managementPlan, organize, coordinate and control all activities involved in the supply chain. [G13/T 183542006,2. G]
4 Logistics Management Information System
4.1 Overview
Logistics management information system is the active use of information technology. Combined with management ideas and decision-making methods, it systematically collects, processes, transmits, stores and exchanges logistics information inside and outside the enterprise, so as to achieve effective management and control of business flow, material flow, information flow and capital flow. In a broad sense, the logistics management information system should include information systems in various fields (industries) related to logistics, computers, application software, graphic transmission, global positioning (GPS) and other high-tech communication equipment, connected through the global communication network to form an interwoven, three-dimensional and dynamic system.
In this article, the logistics management information system is the application of the management information system in the enterprise of logistics, that is, the system used by a certain enterprise (logistics enterprise or non-logistics enterprise) to manage logistics. 4.2 Application principles of logistics management information system
4.7.1 Availability
The logistics management information system should have easy and consistent information availability. 4.2.2 Accuracy
The logistics management information system should accurately reflect the current status and regular activities. 4.2.3 Timeliness
GB/T 23830—2009
The system should provide logistics management information in a timely manner. The timeliness of information data processing requires that the data recording, addition, storage and transmission be completed within the specified time, so that the information can be fully utilized within the effective time. 4.2. 4. Integrity
The system functions as a whole to meet the needs of logistics management involved. 4.7.5 Reliability
The system operates within the scope of design requirements and should ensure reliable output results. 4.2.6 Security
The system operates in a safe environment and can set the security protection level according to the needs. The security level setting refers to GB178594.2.7 Concurrency
Realize the integration of logistics enterprise management and resource sharing. The system should not only realize data integration and smooth flow within the enterprise, but also exchange data with each link of the supply chain outside the enterprise to achieve seamless connection. 4.2.8 Scalability
The logistics management information system should be flexibly upgraded and expanded synchronously with the continuous development and changes of the enterprise. 4.3 Strategy for the construction of logistics management information system
The application of logistics management information system is generally a construction process from single to complete, simple to complex, low-level to high-level, which can be divided into three stages
The first stage: logistics enterprises only solve the collection, transmission, processing and sharing of information. The system may not involve or involve less flow transformation and optimization, and the task of the information system is to provide timely and accurate information. In the first stage, the enterprise uses system theory and optimization technology for the process design and transformation of logistics, integrates new management system and implements it in the system. The information system not only solidifies the new process or new management system so that it can be implemented in a standardized manner, but also provides optimized operation solutions in the prescribed process.
The third stage: logistics management is promoted to the formation and management of the supply chain. The system should improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the entire supply chain of logistics enterprises, and improve the coordination and overall efficiency of the supply chain through information exchange with upstream and downstream enterprises. These three stages gradually develop from shallow to deep, and the latter stage takes the foundation of the former stage as the starting point. However, if the enterprise has the basic conditions for application, the system can be combined with the first two stages or all three stages when constructing the system. 4.4 Classification of logistics management information system
The design and application of logistics management information system follows the particularity of logistics types. This standard divides logistics management information system into three main types: manufacturing logistics, commercial logistics and first-party logistics from the perspective of enterprise logistics and information system service objects. 4.4.1 Manufacturing logistics management information system Manufacturing logistics management information system is suitable for logistics operation management of manufacturing enterprises. The system is divided into two categories according to the length of the supply chain involved in the enterprise: one is short-chain management mainly based on production and manufacturing, and the system functions cover raw material procurement, material storage, production and distribution, semi-finished and finished product storage, packaging, sales, etc.; the other includes the management of the entire process from production to sales. In addition to the short-chain management business, the system functions also include product sales, storage, transportation, tracking, customs declaration and other related business management. The characteristic of manufacturing industry logistics is that the final product is relatively small in variety, but the logistics management workload in the procurement and production process is large. 4.4.2 Logistics Management Information System for Commercial Industry
The logistics management information system for commercial industry is applicable to the logistics operation management of enterprises in the commercial industry. Its supply chain does not include the procurement of goods and raw materials, and manages the process from the procurement of goods (commodities or finished products) by the supplier to the sale. The main functions include commodity procurement. 3
G/T:23830—2009
storage, circulation processing, packaging, distribution, sales, etc. The typical enterprise of the commercial industry is the commercial retail group (shopping malls and supermarkets, pharmaceutical chain enterprises, etc.), which is characterized by a large variety of products and a large amount of logistics management workload.
4. 4.3 Third-party Logistics Management Information System Third-party logistics management is the main form of logistics management. The logistics service is provided by logistics enterprises other than the supplier, and the storage and delivery process of the supplier's goods is organized and coordinated. The system functions mainly include order, international and domestic transportation, warehousing, packaging circulation, distribution, export, logistics facilities and resource management. The characteristic of three-party logistics management is to emphasize the service of the whole process and the punctuality of goods delivery. 4.5 Logistics Management Information System Structural Model
The logistics management information system can assist enterprise managers to manage the logistics activities from one level, which can be divided into: operation level, management level and decision-making level in depth. Each layer is composed of functional modules. The structural model of the logistics management information system is shown in the circle. Decision-making layer
Management layer
4.5.1 Operation layer
's property
Figure 1 Structural model of the logistics management information system
Operation layerbzxZ.net
This layer is the most basic functional module layer of the management information system, which is composed of functional modules that complete basic logistics activities. It is the basic information resource of the management and decision-making layers.
4.5.2 Management layer
This layer manages the execution of each single functional module of the operation layer, manages the maintenance and update operations of the information system, and manages the business activities of the enterprise management layer.
4.5.3 Decision-making layer
According to the operation and management layers The information provided and the information collected independently are used to generate reference information for enterprise improvement operations through statistical and decision-making techniques.
4.5.4 Key points in the construction of logistics management information system When constructing a logistics management information system, the characteristics of logistics activities under specific applications, the relationship between logistics types and construction models should be considered, and the common businesses in logistics activities should be encapsulated in the underlying functional modules of the information system. Then, based on the classification characteristics of the logistics management information system, the planning, organization, coordination and control management of the entire logistics activities should be realized from the three levels of operation, management and decision-making. The following three points should be noted when participating in this project:
a) The above-mentioned logistics management information system construction model is a general logistics management information system construction model. The specific application design can refer to this structure. By making corresponding changes to the content, the three levels can be reduced to one level or expanded to more levels, or functional modules can be reduced or increased.
B/T23830—2009
b) The functional modules listed in this standard are the general business functions involved in general logistics activities. Their application design should be based on the strengths and weaknesses of each functional module. ) When different logistics types of enterprises build their own management information systems, they should highlight the characteristics and scope of use of each type of logistics management information system. For example, for the same transportation management module, in the information system of the trade industry and third-party logistics, the emphasis is on the accuracy and timeliness of transportation, while in the recycling logistics stage or system, the system emphasizes the cost reduction of logistics transportation. 4.6 Logistics Development characteristics of logistics management information system
In the process of developing logistics management information system, the characteristics related to logistics should be fully considered and integrated into relevant functional modules. The main characteristics are:
1) Standardization. Standardization is the basis for the best effect of supply chain management. It should be developed from the perspective of the system, and the standardization of the connection process between each subsystem and the system, and between the system and the external system should be fully considered. In particular, the information exchange between different systems should comply with the standards of information exchange such as FXML.
b) Automation. Automation reflects the various stages of logistics operations, such as transportation, packaging, sorting and other operations. Therefore, the management information subsystem should have automatic tracking, automatic sorting, automatic identification and measurement modules to manage the corresponding operation process. c) Optimization. Information system design should pursue the optimization of enterprise operation or supply chain as a whole, including optimal utilization of facilities, optimal configuration of goods, optimal business process, optimal transportation route and optimal supply chain as a whole. Therefore, these characteristics should be fully considered in the corresponding management function modules, such as enterprise resource management, goods distribution management, transportation scheduling management and content service management functions.
d) Timeliness, accurate and timely delivery of goods to downstream enterprises within the specified time is one of the main indicators of whether the distribution and transportation are reasonable. This emphasizes time, neither too early nor too late. Therefore, in terms of goods placement, transportation planning, accident remedy and customer service, there must be corresponding processing functions to meet the requirements of standardized logistics. In the development and design of the system, some other logistics management characteristics should also be considered, such as the agility requirements of meeting the enterprise's rapid response capabilities, the personalized requirements of adapting to various special services of enterprises, the channelization requirements of concentrating the enterprise's advantageous resources and the coordination requirements of complementary advantages and win-win cooperation among enterprises. These requirements are reflected in the management information system function. Based on the logistics management information system structure model, the design of the logistics management information system is described in three levels: operation, management and decision-making.
4.7 Operation layer structure
The operation layer is the basic layer of the logistics management information system structure, and the functional subsystems that can run independently are built on demand. Any logistics information system will include part of the following subsystems. 4.7.1 Procurement management
The procurement process includes procurement request, supplier selection, inquiry, purchase order issuance, order execution tracking, and the process of goods acceptance and payment confirmation.
The procurement management subsystem includes procurement plan management, supplier information management, supplier evaluation management, inquiry negotiation management, purchase order management, procurement execution management, procurement arrival inspection management, purchase return management and inquiry management. The procurement management subsystem is more used in the logistics management information system of manufacturing industry and trade industry. Generally speaking, the object of manufacturing industry logistics procurement is the supplier of raw materials, and the object of trade industry logistics procurement is the commodity production enterprise. For third-party logistics companies, the procurement subsystem is used to select and manage suppliers. 4.7.2 Warehouse Management
Warehouse management is to allocate warehouse resources appropriately, optimize the internal layout of the warehouse, improve the level of warehouse operations, and improve warehouse management decision-making. The operation flow of warehouse management gradually covers the process of goods entering the warehouse (accepting goods, recording and recording), inventory storage (allocating warehouse locations, stacking, maintenance, and inventory) and issuing goods (delivery inspection, accounting and inventory). The warehousing management subsystem mainly includes basic information management (consignor information, item information, warehouse period information, warehouse rent information, etc., total storage space times of floor and stereoscopic warehouses, pallet information, operating equipment information, warehouse entry rules definition, etc.), personnel and vehicle management (warehouse reservation and warehouse space arrangement, warehouse entry response, warehouse plan, warehouse space update and adjustment, etc.), personnel and vehicle management (warehouse receipt, tally, storage, warehouse graphic simulation), storage management (item transfer, item inventory, cargo owner change history, etc.), outbound management (pick-up, pick-up reconciliation management, etc.), settlement management (warehouse rent, film transfer fee, loan replacement fee, loading/simplification fee, transportation fee calculation, as well as order reconciliation, account aging analysis, etc.) and query module. The warehouse management system adopts logistics technologies such as barcodes, labels, and radio frequency identification to help managers obtain online information on items entering and leaving the warehouse, inventory retrieval, volume calculation, warehouse allocation, inventory report, lease alarm, and inventory calculation, etc., to achieve all-round management of the warehouse. In addition to the avoidance function of warehouse management, the warehouse management system also emphasizes the validity of warehouse items and the rationality of inventory quantity indicators. The third-party logistics system is more concerned with the intact storage of warehouse items and the effective use of storage capacity. The manufacturing logistics system pays more attention to the reasonable order of material needs, the status of parts suppliers, etc. Zero inventory is one of the characteristics and goals of logistics and warehousing management, which needs to be coordinated and arranged from various management links such as orders, procurement, production scheduling, warehousing and sales, and reflected in various management modules. 4.7.3 Transportation Management
Transportation management is the main means of real-time control and management of goods carried by different modes of transportation to customers. Its purpose is to optimize the allocation of transportation resources, reduce transportation costs, and improve service levels. The current operation flow of transportation management covers the process of making bills of lading and freight lists, tracking items, and making freight lists. The transportation management subsystem mainly includes the overall management of transportation tools (such as the status, type, and carrying capacity of existing and coordinated vehicles, ships, aircraft, and other transportation tools), transportation scheduling management (preparing scheduling plans, scheduling the use of vehicles, transportation tools, and implementing comprehensive scheduling on various transportation tools), transportation operation management (providing analysis of items, calculation of loading, and selection of the best transportation route), transportation cost management (cost control and single vehicle accounting, etc.), and transportation tracking management and query modules. For intermodal transportation, factors such as the connection and conversion capabilities of water, land, and air, and the connection and conversion capabilities of highways and railways in intermodal transportation, as well as the hub passing capacity, should also be considered. The transportation tracking management module is composed of the global positioning system (GS), geographic information system (GIS), wireless communication system and other information management systems, which realizes the real-time storage and control of vehicles, transportation tools and goods, and the query of in-transit information. The accuracy and timeliness of the tracking system positioning mainly depend on the working frequency of the communication system and the processing capacity of the total system. The working frequency is high and the communication is good. Its positioning is relatively fast and accurate, but the cost is high. Enterprises need to consider it comprehensively according to the actual situation. The orderly operation of transportation tools (such as vehicles, ships, aircraft, etc.) is obviously affected by uncontrollable factors such as weather and roads. Therefore, the accidental remedial measures caused by this should be fully considered when designing the process and module functions. 4.7.4 Freight Forwarding Management
The purpose of freight forwarding management is to effectively integrate various logistics resources, adopt multimodal transport for transportation between different routes (road, rail, air and water transport, etc.) and different regions (international and domestic), and realize door-to-door, ticket-to-the-end logistics services. The basic operation process of freight forwarding management covers the overall business process from placing a consignment order to booking, packing into the port, leaving the port, customs declaration, loading, and settlement. At the same time, due to the selection of different means of transportation, the specific operation process is also quite different. Freight forwarding management mainly includes basic information management! (transportation terms, currency, payment method, packaging type, fee code, cargo type, route and container information, etc.), quotation management (discount definition, quotation column maintenance, quotation sheet generation and query maintenance, etc.), business order management (freight entrustment letter, bill of lading, full container packing list, LCL packing list, customs declaration, customs bill, customer packing list, customer invoice, agent bill of lading, fee sheet, etc.), customs declaration and inspection, settlement management (financial accounting of the business: and handle the expense ledger, collection and payment operations and invoice management, etc.), customer management (customer information, contact information, lender information, lender information, notification letter, signature, etc.) and query module.
Freight forwarding management system is mostly used in the information system of first-party logistics type. It is to give full play to its advantages of wide layout of transportation and storage facilities and strong business coordination ability to complete multimodal transportation services for customers. 4.7.5 Distribution Management
The main purpose of distribution is to reduce the inventory of enterprises, to ensure the safety of customers and to improve the guarantee of supply: However, the distribution strategies for different types of logistics enterprises are different. For example, for manufacturing enterprises, the distribution of raw materials is mostly carried out according to the "zero inventory principle", while for commercial retail enterprises, small batches and multiple varieties of distribution are mostly carried out. Sometimes, considering the comprehensive benefits and other factors, a mixed strategy of scheduled distribution and expedited delivery can also be used. In general, distribution should comply with the principle of JIT (Just in Time) to support accurate, fast and efficient distribution between multiple suppliers and multiple buyers. GB/T238302009
The distribution process includes distribution plan formulation, selection, assembly, delivery (sometimes also includes processing, packaging, segmentation) and other operations, and deliver to the designated location on time and make a satisfactory return.
The distribution management subsystem mainly includes distribution plan entry (the distribution request sent by the customer through various means is recorded into the system after confirmation), distribution plan (the distribution plan is formulated according to the virtual environment, distribution requirements, the delivery location of the goods, the type of goods, volume, maintenance conditions, quantity, and the carrying capacity of the vehicle), selection and grouping (the selection plan is formulated according to the storage location of the goods, and the selected goods are grouped according to different attributes, customers, volumes, etc.), inspection and loading (inspection and loading of grouped goods), route preparation and delivery (according to the delivery location of the goods: determine the optimal transportation route, and deliver it to the delivery machine in the form of a delivery route bill), old order management (the customer signs for the old order after receiving the goods, and manages the old order) and query module.
The distribution management subsystem is applied to three types of logistics management information systems, but the characteristics are different. The number of items distributed by the commercial system is the largest, which is an obvious feature, but the distribution location and the type of items are relatively fixed, so the distribution system is relatively stable; the third-party logistics system has a large mobility of service objects, so the stability of the distributed items is weak; the distribution location and items of the manufacturing enterprise are relatively fixed, but the requirements for punctuality are very high. 4.7.6 Sales Management
Sales management is the most important part of the modern enterprise management system. It is the planning, organization and control of each link in the sales process, and is closely linked with inventory management, financial settlement, production plan management, etc., forming a complete system of modern enterprise management. The sales business process covers the formulation of sales plans and product quotations, processing and tracking of customer orders, and customer service management. The sales management system mainly includes sales plan management, sales quotation management (commodity sales quotation, price adjustment and promotion management), sales cooperation management, customer order management (customer order data, order reception, order scheduling management, order tracking and order inquiry management), sales return management (handling customer return services), sales partner inquiry management (sales and related documents), sales terminal management (POS system), customer management, call center data exchange (FII, XMI) modules. The sales management system is based on the manufacturing center logistics management information system. 4.7.7 Customs declaration and inspection management
The customs declaration and inspection management subsystem is an information management subsystem that integrates customs declaration, commodity inspection, health inspection, animal and plant quarantine and other functional management. It is closely linked to the customs, commodity inspection, health inspection, animal and plant quarantine systems: the customs declaration and inspection management system mainly includes import/export customs declaration/inspection management (management of import/export customs declaration entrustment information, customs declaration form and verification form, customs declaration type, operation status, use, etc.), customs declaration operation management (automatic pre-setting of guarantee deposit, execution of planned workflow for each business and commodity inspection/taxation, tax refund link, status monitoring, document proofreading, etc.), expense management, account management, document management, customer relationship management, data exchange (EDI, XML) and query modules. The customs declaration and inspection management system mainly includes three types of logistics management information systems for import and export qualifications. 4.7.8 Recycling logistics management
Recycling logistics starts from the receiving end of the customer's goods, and these goods need to be recycled due to various reasons. Whether to use the previous logistics system to complete the recycling of problem goods, or to establish a separate recycling logistics system, or both, depends on: 5. The terms and conditions for recycling goods in the contract signed with the client; the type, size, and number of the collected goods; the distance and density of the items recycled, and other factors. This involves labor, warehousing, transportation, maintenance, packaging, and other operations, as well as various costs incurred in the process. The total cost is the fundamental technical standard for measuring the quality of recycling logistics management.
Recycling logistics management involves multiple modules such as warehousing, transportation, packaging, finance, and inquiry. It can be composed of a subsystem separately or the relevant functions can be added to the corresponding modules to achieve it.
Recycling logistics management system is applicable to the logistics management information system of manufacturing, commerce and third-party logistics types. In particular, enterprises in the first two industries encounter more frequent requests for the collection of items. 4.7.9 Resource management
Resource management is to improve the effective monitoring and utilization of various internal and external resources (such as bases, warehouses, cargo yards, docks, vehicles, personnel, operating tools, etc.) of the enterprise GB/23830-2009
, so as to reduce the operating costs of enterprises, improve competitiveness, and optimize and adjust the idle resources of enterprises in a reasonable manner
Resource management includes basic information management (information indicators of logistics base, warehouse inventory, number of operating tools and sites, number of warehouse operators, number of platforms, number of transport tools, supplier information, etc.), logistics base use management (site use management, operation and other management, platform use management, data identification equipment use management), warehouse resource use management (warehouse storage space utilization management, personnel management, operating tool use management), vehicle resource use management (vehicle operating cost management, GPS equipment configuration management, etc.) and query module. Resource management focuses on optimizing and adjusting existing resources. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct regular analysis on the changes and use of basic resources. 1.8 Management layer structure The management layer is at the top of the logistics management information system structure model. The characteristics of this layer model are that it is used for enterprise management and that the management content involves the core information of the enterprise. Therefore, its importance and confidentiality protection requirements are the primary factors considered by information system designers.
Since all management systems at the management level are core modules for enterprise operations, they will apply all types of logistics management information systems including manufacturing, commerce and third-party logistics: 4.8.1 Contract Management
Contracts are the basis for business operations and cost settlement. Standardized contract management can reduce errors and improve efficiency. The contract management process includes contract negotiation, contract signing, contract execution supervision and statistics. The contract management system mainly includes contract information management (such as contract number, contract name, project name, customer information, start time, completion status, settlement method, amount and contract content information, etc.), contract execution (project information and progress, contract installment management and contract settlement, contract link event reminder, etc.), customer management (customer information related to the contract) and contract query module. For ease of operation, it should also support the smooth import and editing of contract documents in other commonly used formats (such as Wcrdl or .txt formats). 4.8.2 Customer Relationship Management
Customer relationship management is an important manifestation of after-sales service of logistics companies. Its purpose is to maintain existing customers, develop new customers, improve the service level for existing customers, expand the logistics business volume of existing customers, etc. The process of customer management contacts customers through various means, including project intention contact, project progress communication, customer flow special event reminders, and customer item purchase. The customer relationship management subsystem should include address book (customer ID, contact method, address, etc.), history record (input relevant information when conducting transactions or contacts for future reference), important information (can remind customers of important events, such as the arrival of important events), case status (including product production and sales status, customer operation status and customer purchase intention events, etc.), analysis [customer analysis and evaluation report, customer distribution, industry type, source, providing key information for decision-making, etc.) query and convenient operation (email group sending function, etc.).
4.8.3 Customer Service Management
The customer service management should strive to improve service quality, answer customer concerns and provide customers with relevant information inquiries. Customer service mainly provides website information inquiry, e-mail, online information interaction and commodity trading and other service functions. The customer service management subsystem includes modules such as solution consultation (providing appropriate logistics service solutions), order inquiry, cost generation (simulating the service cost generation), item inquiry (inquiry of warehouse status, in-transit status, item location, etc.), bill inquiry (inquiry of various service bills), and customer complaints and feedback. In an environment with website transaction services, a series of e-commerce functional modules such as online quotation, online ordering and online transaction should also be provided. If conditions permit, a general call center platform integrating voice, e-mail, computer network and database technology can be established to support traditional telephone, fax, voice mail, telephone and other access methods; provide customers with a variety of real-time communication methods such as manual and manual to inquire about information such as price, order status, etc.
4.8.4 Settlement Management
GB/23830—2009
Settlement management is the process of calculating and managing objects. The expenses incurred in each link of logistics services should provide a basis for financial accounting and reconciliation. The settlement management subsystem mainly includes rate management (setting and maintenance of various single service rates, such as rate management in purchasing and selling goods, rate management of logistics services, etc.), cost statistics and allocation (statistics and allocation of single-ticket service costs), cost calculation (single-ticket and multi-ticket customer costs include warehouse rental costs, transportation costs, loading costs, packaging and processing costs, distribution costs, freight forwarding costs, customs clearance costs, inspection and quarantine costs, administrative costs, office costs, etc., all costs incurred in each logistics activity) and query modules. The statistics and allocation of transportation costs must also take into account the situation of multiple customers (this situation is often encountered in the third-party logistics industry), that is, the logistics operation mode in which multiple customer orders are completed by multiple suppliers' fleets (or other means of transportation). Therefore, it is necessary to formulate principles and methods for the allocation of revenue and expenses and follow the standardized financial accounting requirements. Automatically generate settlement certificates. The settlement subsystem should consider the interface with standard financial accounting software to provide it with relevant financial vouchers. Standard financial accounting software should include domestically used financial software.
4.8.5 Statistical reports
Statistical reports are the most important means of information output in the logistics management information system, and are the basis for corporate leaders and customers to understand the business status: Statistical reports are listed separately in the technical specifications as a separate system extended from the logistics management information system. This system does not have independent functions. It is necessary to generate relevant business data based on the implementation of other business systems. The statistical report subsystem should include various statistical reports such as reported, weekly, monthly and annual reports involving related logistics business, covering the operational level, management level and decision-making level. Mainly include: procurement management (supplier inventory and sales report, purchase order review status report, daily/weekly/purchase order summary report, purchase order execution status feedback form , return supplier report, etc.), warehouse management (inventory profit and loss monthly report/quarterly report/annual report, specific inventory summary report, inventory details list, etc.), transportation management (freight bill weekly/monthly report, freight bill, etc.), freight agency management (customer packing list, agency fee list, etc.), distribution management (distribution waybill details list, distribution loading list, etc.), sales management (customer order statistics, sales return statistics, etc.), declaration and inspection management (customs declaration list, write-off list, etc.), recycling logistics management (recovery item details list, recycling cost calculation list, etc.), contract management (contract signing list monthly report/quarterly report/annual report, individual contract fulfillment amount and progress status list, etc.), customer relationship management (customer basic information summary list, customer historical transaction statistics, etc.), customer service management (customer complaint and feedback statistics, information inquiry record statistics, etc.), settlement management (cost classification statistics, rate setting list, etc.).
Statistical Reports The system should be able to provide both a variety of fixed statistical reports and dynamic statistical reports. 4.8.6 System Management
The system management platform is mainly used for the internal management of the logistics management information system by the system administrator of the logistics enterprise. It is the core of the logistics management information system and is related to the safety of the entire system operation. The system management system mainly includes initial settings (system environment settings, database initial table settings, application system initial operation settings, etc.), data compression maintenance, security management (such as customer login management! Data access authorization management), data backup and recovery modules, etc. For website services, it should also provide customer access statistics, advertising management, information release, download management and other functional modules: 4.9 Decision-making layer structure
4.9.1 Statistical analysis
According to the standards of the logistics industry, the statistical report of the enterprise and its own requirements, the enterprise conducts statistical analysis on the various links of logistics activities. The subsystem mainly includes:
The procurement analysis module conducts statistical analysis from both internal and external aspects. The internal functions include raw material demand, production planning and production control, sales planning and measurement, financial budget and control, and inventory analysis. External functions include supplier's supply capacity, quality, item price, supply accuracy, timely and efficient service capabilities, transportation costs and expenses, product development trend analysis, etc. Warehousing analysis module. Analyze from the perspective of the availability of storage facilities and whether the management is accurate, including storage utilization rate (storage capacity, shelves, etc.), item turnover rate (regardless of the frequency of items entering and leaving and the age of the warehouse, etc.), warehouse expenses (ordering fees, storage fees, out-of-stock fees, etc.), inventory growth rate, inventory structure description, inventory summary, inventory management, and storage facility maintenance statistics analysis! Transportation analysis module. Analyze from the perspective of transportation cost and transportation completion status. Transportation cost analysis includes transportation variable cost analysis.
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