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Construction Standards of the People's Republic of China
GB50162-92
Standards for Drawing of Road Engineering
Editorial Department: Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: May 1, 1993
(Information from the Internet, informal publications can only be used for reference) Construction Standards [1992] No. 664
Notice on the Release of the National Standard "Standards for Drawing of Road Engineering" According to the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. 30 [1989], the "Standards for Drawing of Road Engineering" jointly compiled by the Ministry of Communications and relevant departments has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Standards for Drawing of Road Engineering" GB50162-92 is now approved as a national standard and will be implemented from May 1, 1993. The Ministry of Communications is responsible for the management of this standard, and its specific interpretation is the responsibility of the Highway Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Communications. The publication and distribution is organized by the Standard and Quota Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
September 29, 1992
Preparation Instructions
This standard was prepared jointly by the Highway Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Communications and the Beijing Municipal Engineering Design Institute in accordance with the requirements of Document No. 30 of the State Planning Commission [1989]. During the preparation of this standard, the preparation team collected and consulted a large number of relevant domestic and foreign standards, and conducted key visits, discussions and correspondence on many occasions from the division of chapters to the specific contents of the standard provisions. The opinions of relevant units across the country were widely solicited, and the design and drawing experience of my country's high-grade highways, curved slope bridges and culverts and traffic engineering were carefully summarized. The relevant international standards were referred to. After repeated discussions and revisions, the standard was finally reviewed and finalized by our ministry in conjunction with relevant departments. In view of the fact that this standard is compiled for the first time, during the implementation process, it is hoped that all units will combine engineering practice, carefully summarize experience, and pay attention to accumulating data. If any modification or supplement is found, please send your opinions and relevant data to the Highway Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Communications (No. 33, Chaomian Hutong, Dongsiqian, Beijing, zip code 100010) for reference in future revisions. Ministry of Communications
January 1992
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to unify the drawing methods of road engineering in my country, ensure the quality of drawings, improve work efficiency, and facilitate technical exchanges. Article 1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the design, standard design and completion drawings of highways, urban roads, forest roads, and factory and mine roads. Article 1.0.3 In addition to complying with this standard, road engineering drawings should also comply with the provisions of relevant current national standards. Chapter 2
General Provisions
Section 1 Map Sheet and Drawing Frame
Article 2.1.1 The dimensions of the map sheet and drawing frame shall comply with the provisions of Table 2.1.1 (Figure 2.1.1). Map Sheet and Drawing Frame Dimensions (mm)
Map Sheet Code
Dimension Code
Due to Deda
Nengshujian
Due to Zhongbiaohui
Hejing Type
Group Bidding Table
841x1189
Due to Zhongdu City
Figure 2.1.1 Format
594 x841
Weekly Line
New Sub-Line
420x 594
297x420
210x297
Article 2.1.2 For drawings that need to be archived or reproduced after microfilming, the four sides of the drawing frame should have a centering mark located at the midpoint of the long and short sides of the drawing (Figure 2.1.1), and a 100mm long ruler should be drawn outside the lower frame line, with a grid of 10mm. The line width of the centering mark should be greater than or equal to 0.5mm, and the line width of the ruler line should be drawn with a solid line of 0.25mm (Figure 2.1.2).
耐眼坤
妞画栈
事际喜
韩R牌
Figure 2.1.2 Centering mark and ruler (unit: mm) Article 2.1.3 The short side of the drawing shall not be lengthened. The length of the extended long side, A0, A2, A4, should be an integer multiple of 150mm: A1, A3 should be an integer multiple of 210mm. Section 2 Icons and Signature Column
Article 2.2.1 Icons should be arranged in the lower right corner of the drawing frame (Figure 2.1.1). The width of the outer frame line of the icon should be 0.7mm: the width of the inner dividing line of the icon should be 0.25mm. Article 2.2.2 Icons should use one of the net width h
marks shown in Figure 2.2.2 (unit: mm)
Article 2.2.3 The signature column should be arranged in the lower left corner outside the drawing frame (Figure 2.1.1), and should be drawn according to Figure 2.2.3. The width of the outer frame line of the signature column should be 0.5mm: the width of the inner dividing line should be 0.25mm.
Internal inspection
Figure 2.23 Signature column (unit, mm)
External title line
Zhaoxiangzhan
Article 2.2.4 When a corner mark is required for a drawing, it should be placed in the upper right corner of the drawing frame, and the corner mark line width should be 0.25mm (Figure 2.2.4). Drawing energy
Line name account or victory number
Figure 22.4 Corner
Section 3 Font and writing method
Mark (unit imm)
Article 2.3.1 The words, numbers, letters, symbols, codes, etc. on the drawings should all have clear strokes, correct fonts, neat arrangement, and clear and correct punctuation marks. Article 2.3.2 The font height size series of the text is 2.5, 3.5, 5, 7, 10, 14, 20mm. When a larger font is used, the height of the font should be increased in a ratio of ~22.
Article 2.3.3 The Chinese characters in the drawings should be in long Fangsong font, and the height and width of the characters can be adopted according to the provisions of Table 2.3.3. Height and width of long Fangsong font Chinese characters (mm)
Note: When using a typewriter to print Chinese characters, it is advisable to use Fangsong font or a font with a height-to-width ratio of √2. Article 2.3.4 The fonts of the cover and headlines of the atlas should be easy to recognize, such as Fangsong font. 2.5
Article 2.3.5 The Chinese characters in the drawings should use the simplified Chinese characters announced by the state. Unless there are special requirements, traditional Chinese characters shall not be used.
Article 2.3.6 The stroke width of Arabic numerals, foreign letters, and Chinese phonetic letters in the drawings should be 1/10 of the height of the characters. Article 2.3.7 In the same volume of drawings, the fonts of numbers and letters can be straight or italic. The horizontal and vertical strokes of straight characters should be 90°: the head of italic characters should be tilted to the right and should be 75" from the horizontal line: letters should not be written in handwriting (2.3.7). 1234567890
1234567890
the pipe business on it
ABUDEFGHJKLMNOP
ABCDEFGHUKLMNOP.
the single true words of each car
abcdefahijklmnop
abcdefahjklmnop s
Figure 2.3.7 Character Examples
Article 2.3.8 The width of capital letters should be 2/3 of the character height. The height of lowercase letters should be based on b, f, h, p, and g, and the width should be 1/2 of the character height. The width of a, m, n, o, and c should be 2/3 of the height of the above lowercase letters. Article 2.3.9 When there are matters that need to be explained in the drawings, they should be described in the lower right corner of each drawing and above the icon. This part of the text should be marked with "Note", and the word "Note" should be written in the upper left corner of the narrated matter. The end of each note should be marked with a period ". ". When the matters need to be divided into levels, the first, second and third levels shall be marked with Arabic numerals, Arabic numerals in brackets and Arabic numerals in circles respectively. Article 2.3.10 Symbols should not be used instead of names in the text description of the drawings. When expressing quantities, Arabic numerals should be used. For example, 3,050 mm should be written as 3050 mm, and 32 hours should be written as 32h.
Fractions shall not be expressed by mixing numbers and Chinese characters. For example, one-fifth should be written as 1/5, not 1/5. For decimal numbers that are not integers, 0 should be added before the decimal point to position them. Article 2.3.11 When the drawings need to be reduced and reproduced, the height of Chinese characters in the A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4 sheets shall not be less than 10, 7, 5 and 3.5 mm respectively. Section drawing lines
Article 2.4.1 The width of the drawing lines (b) should be selected from 2.0, 1.4, 1.0, 0.7, 0.5, 0.35, 0.25, 0.18, and 0.13 mm. Article 2.4.2 The line widths on each drawing should not exceed 3 types. The basic line width (b) should be determined according to the proportion and complexity of the drawing. The line width combination should comply with the provisions of Table 2.4.2.
Line width combination
Line width category
Note: The numbers in brackets in the table are substitute line widths. Line width series (mm)
0.18(0.2)
Article 2.4.3 Commonly used line types and line widths in drawings should comply with the provisions of Table 2.4.3. Commonly used line types and line widths
0.13(0.15)
0.13(0.15)
Bold solid
Thick intersection line
Middle solid line
Thin intersection line
Middle Zu linewww.bzxz.net
Thin bottom line
Zu dot engraved line
Middle Zu dot engraved line
Thin dot engraved line
Zu double dot dash line
Middle Zu double dot engraved line
Thin double dot dash line
Break line
Rulang line
1.4 --2.0b
Article 2.4.4 The dotted line, long dotted line, dot dash line, double dot dash line and break line shall be drawn according to Figure 2.4.4. 1~1.53-
Long surface
National 0-5
Dot-dash frequency
New Juecheng
How to draw lines (unit, mm)
Figure 244
Article 2.4.5 The drawing of intersecting lines shall comply with the following provisions:-
1. When a dotted line intersects with a dotted line or a dotted line intersects with a solid line, no gap should be left (Figure 2.4.5a). 3. When the extension of a solid line is a dotted line, a gap should be left (Figure 2.4.5b). 3. When a dot-dash line intersects with a dot-dash line or a dot-dash line intersects with other lines, the intersection point should be set at the line segment (Figure 2.4.5c). Portuguese air purchase
No cut-off limit
Figure 2.4.5 Drawing method of line intersection
Article 2.4.6 The net distance between lines shall not be less than 0.7mm. Section 5 Coordinates
Article 2.5.1 The coordinate grid shall be drawn with thin solid lines. The axis code for the north-south direction shall be X: the axis code for the east-west direction shall be Y. The coordinate grid may also be replaced by a crosshair (Figure 2.5.1a).
The coordinate value shall be marked close to the marked point: the writing direction shall be parallel to the grid or on the extension line of the grid. The coordinate axis code shall be marked before the value. When there is no coordinate axis code, a north sign shall be drawn on the drawing (Figure 2.5.1b). zo
Figure 2.51 Coordinate grid and marking lines
Article 2.5.2 When the coordinate value has more digits, the same digits in front may be omitted, but it shall be explained in the drawing. The coordinate value may also be marked at intervals. Article 2.5.3 When there are not many control coordinate points to be marked, it is advisable to mark them in the form of lead lines. The codes and values of the X-axis and Y-axis should be marked on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal line respectively (Figure 2.5.3). When there are many control coordinate points to be marked, only the code of the point can be marked on the drawing, and the coordinate values can be listed in the appropriate position. The unit of measurement of the coordinate value should be meter, and it should be accurate to three decimal places. X# 0.405
X44,3
Y3-5-000
Figure 2.53 Marking of control point coordinates
Section 6 Proportion
Article 2.6.1 The scale of the drawing should be the ratio of the linear size of the figure to the actual size of the corresponding object. The scale size is the ratio size, such as 1:50 is greater than 1:100. Article 2.6.2 The selection of the drawing scale should be determined according to the principles of reasonable, symmetrical and beautiful layout of the drawing, and according to the size and complexity of the drawing. Article 2.6.3 The scale shall be indicated by Arabic numerals and shall be marked on the right or below the view name. The height of the characters may be 0.7 times the height of the view name (Figure 2.6.3a). When the scales in the same drawing are exactly the same, they may be indicated in the icon or marked with a ruler at an appropriate position in the drawing. When the scales in the vertical and horizontal directions are different, V may be used to indicate the vertical scale and H may be used to indicate the horizontal scale (Figure 2.6.3b). 44
Section 7 Dimensioning
Figure 263 Scale marking
Article 2.7.1 The dimensions shall be marked in a conspicuous position in the view. When measuring, the dimension numbers marked shall prevail, and the ruler shall not be used to measure directly from the drawing. The dimensions shall consist of dimension boundaries, dimension lines, dimension start and end symbols, and dimension numbers. Article 2.7.2 The dimension boundaries and dimension lines shall be thin solid lines. The dimension start and end symbols should be indicated by single-sided arrows. When the arrow is on the right side of the dimension boundary, it should be marked above the dimension line; otherwise, it should be marked below the dimension line. The size of the arrow can be determined according to the drawing scale. The dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by short oblique lines. Turn the dimension boundary 45" clockwise as the inclination direction of the oblique short line. In the small dimensions represented continuously, the dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by black dots at the same level of the dimension boundary. The dimension numbers should be marked in the middle above the dimension line. When the marking space is insufficient, a reverse arrow can be used. The outermost dimension numbers can be marked above the arrow outside the dimension boundary, and the adjacent dimension numbers in the middle can be staggered (Figure 2.7.2). t||Figure 2.7.2 Marking of dimension elements
Article 2.7.3 One end of the dimension boundary should be close to the outline of the marked figure, and the other end should exceed the dimension line by 1 to 3 mm. The outline of the figure and the center line can also be used as dimension boundaries. The dimension boundary should be perpendicular to the marked length: when marking is difficult, it is not necessary to be perpendicular, but the dimension boundaries should be parallel to each other (Figure 2.7.3). Figure 2.7.3
Marking of dimension boundaries
Article 2.7.4 The dimension line must be parallel to the marked length and should not exceed the dimension boundary. Any other drawing line shall not be used as a dimension line. In any case, the drawing line shall not pass through the dimension number. . Parallel dimension lines should be arranged from near to far from the outline of the marked figure, and the spacing between parallel dimension lines can be between 5 and 15 mm. The sub-dimension line should be close to the outline line, and the overall dimension line should be far from the outline line (Figure 2.7.4). Not due south
Give the people
ZER plan
Send #10
Figure 27.4 Dimension line marking
Article 2.7.5 The direction of dimension numbers and text writing should be marked according to Figure 2.7.5, Figure 27.5 Dimension numbers, text marking
Article 2.7.6 When a large-scale drawing is used to represent a small and complex figure, its enlargement range should be within the original In the figure, circles or relatively regular shapes are drawn with thin solid lines and marked with lead lines (Figure 2.7.6).
实宇卵
Figure 27.6 Marking of the scope of the large-scale drawing
大耀人
Article 2.7.7 The oblique lines and horizontal lines of the lead-out lines shall be drawn with thin solid lines, and their intersection angle a can be drawn as 90°, 120”, 135°, and 150”. When a view requires a text description, the text description can be marked on the horizontal line of the lead-out line (Figure 2.7.6). When there are more than one oblique lines, each oblique line should be parallel or intersect at one point (Figure 2.7.7)
Figure 27.7 Marking of the lead-out line3. When there are not many control coordinate points to be marked, it is advisable to mark them in the form of lead lines. The codes and values of the X-axis and Y-axis should be marked on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal line respectively (Figure 2.5.3). When there are many control coordinate points to be marked, only the code of the point can be marked on the drawing, and the coordinate values can be listed in the appropriate position. The unit of measurement of the coordinate value should be meter, and it should be accurate to three decimal places. X# 0.405
X44,3
Y3-5-000
Figure 2.53 Marking of control point coordinates
Section 6 Proportion
Article 2.6.1 The scale of the drawing should be the ratio of the linear size of the figure to the actual size of the corresponding object. The scale size is the ratio size, such as 1:50 is greater than 1:100. Article 2.6.2 The selection of the drawing scale should be determined according to the principles of reasonable, symmetrical and beautiful layout of the drawing, and according to the size and complexity of the drawing. Article 2.6.3 The scale shall be indicated by Arabic numerals and shall be marked on the right or below the view name. The height of the characters may be 0.7 times the height of the view name (Figure 2.6.3a). When the scales in the same drawing are exactly the same, they may be indicated in the icon or marked with a ruler at an appropriate position in the drawing. When the scales in the vertical and horizontal directions are different, V may be used to indicate the vertical scale and H may be used to indicate the horizontal scale (Figure 2.6.3b). 44
Section 7 Dimensioning
Figure 263 Scale marking
Article 2.7.1 The dimensions shall be marked in a conspicuous position in the view. When measuring, the dimension numbers marked shall prevail, and the ruler shall not be used to measure directly from the drawing. The dimensions shall consist of dimension boundaries, dimension lines, dimension start and end symbols, and dimension numbers. Article 2.7.2 The dimension boundaries and dimension lines shall be thin solid lines. The dimension start and end symbols should be indicated by single-sided arrows. When the arrow is on the right side of the dimension boundary, it should be marked above the dimension line; otherwise, it should be marked below the dimension line. The size of the arrow can be determined according to the drawing scale. The dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by short oblique lines. Turn the dimension boundary 45" clockwise as the inclination direction of the oblique short line. In the small dimensions represented continuously, the dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by black dots at the same level of the dimension boundary. The dimension numbers should be marked in the middle above the dimension line. When the marking space is insufficient, a reverse arrow can be used. The outermost dimension numbers can be marked above the arrow outside the dimension boundary, and the adjacent dimension numbers in the middle can be staggered (Figure 2.7.2). t||Figure 2.7.2 Marking of dimension elements
Article 2.7.3 One end of the dimension boundary should be close to the outline of the marked figure, and the other end should exceed the dimension line by 1 to 3 mm. The outline of the figure and the center line can also be used as dimension boundaries. The dimension boundary should be perpendicular to the marked length: when marking is difficult, it is not necessary to be perpendicular, but the dimension boundaries should be parallel to each other (Figure 2.7.3). Figure 2.7.3
Marking of dimension boundaries
Article 2.7.4 The dimension line must be parallel to the marked length and should not exceed the dimension boundary. Any other drawing line shall not be used as a dimension line. In any case, the drawing line shall not pass through the dimension number. . Parallel dimension lines should be arranged from near to far from the outline of the marked figure, and the spacing between parallel dimension lines can be between 5 and 15 mm. The sub-dimension line should be close to the outline line, and the overall dimension line should be far from the outline line (Figure 2.7.4). Not due south
Give the people
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Send #10
Figure 27.4 Dimension line marking
Article 2.7.5 The direction of dimension numbers and text writing should be marked according to Figure 2.7.5, Figure 27.5 Dimension numbers, text marking
Article 2.7.6 When a large-scale drawing is used to represent a small and complex figure, its enlargement range should be within the original In the figure, circles or relatively regular shapes are drawn with thin solid lines and marked with lead lines (Figure 2.7.6).
实宇卵
Figure 27.6 Marking of the scope of the large-scale drawing
大耀人
Article 2.7.7 The oblique lines and horizontal lines of the lead-out lines shall be drawn with thin solid lines, and their intersection angle a can be drawn as 90°, 120”, 135°, and 150”. When a view requires a text description, the text description can be marked on the horizontal line of the lead-out line (Figure 2.7.6). When there are more than one oblique lines, each oblique line should be parallel or intersect at one point (Figure 2.7.7)
Figure 27.7 Marking of the lead-out line3. When there are not many control coordinate points to be marked, it is advisable to mark them in the form of lead lines. The codes and values of the X-axis and Y-axis should be marked on the upper and lower sides of the horizontal line respectively (Figure 2.5.3). When there are many control coordinate points to be marked, only the code of the point can be marked on the drawing, and the coordinate values can be listed in the appropriate position. The unit of measurement of the coordinate value should be meter, and it should be accurate to three decimal places. X# 0.405
X44,3
Y3-5-000
Figure 2.53 Marking of control point coordinates
Section 6 Proportion
Article 2.6.1 The scale of the drawing should be the ratio of the linear size of the figure to the actual size of the corresponding object. The scale size is the ratio size, such as 1:50 is greater than 1:100. Article 2.6.2 The selection of the drawing scale should be determined according to the principles of reasonable, symmetrical and beautiful layout of the drawing, and according to the size and complexity of the drawing. Article 2.6.3 The scale shall be indicated by Arabic numerals and shall be marked on the right or below the view name. The height of the characters may be 0.7 times the height of the view name (Figure 2.6.3a). When the scales in the same drawing are exactly the same, they may be indicated in the icon or marked with a ruler at an appropriate position in the drawing. When the scales in the vertical and horizontal directions are different, V may be used to indicate the vertical scale and H may be used to indicate the horizontal scale (Figure 2.6.3b). 44
Section 7 Dimensioning
Figure 263 Scale marking
Article 2.7.1 The dimensions shall be marked in a conspicuous position in the view. When measuring, the dimension numbers marked shall prevail, and the ruler shall not be used to measure directly from the drawing. The dimensions shall consist of dimension boundaries, dimension lines, dimension start and end symbols, and dimension numbers. Article 2.7.2 The dimension boundaries and dimension lines shall be thin solid lines. The dimension start and end symbols should be indicated by single-sided arrows. When the arrow is on the right side of the dimension boundary, it should be marked above the dimension line; otherwise, it should be marked below the dimension line. The size of the arrow can be determined according to the drawing scale. The dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by short oblique lines. Turn the dimension boundary 45" clockwise as the inclination direction of the oblique short line. In the small dimensions represented continuously, the dimension start and end symbols can also be indicated by black dots at the same level of the dimension boundary. The dimension numbers should be marked in the middle above the dimension line. When the marking space is insufficient, a reverse arrow can be used. The outermost dimension numbers can be marked above the arrow outside the dimension boundary, and the adjacent dimension numbers in the middle can be staggered (Figure 2.7.2). t||Figure 2.7.2 Marking of dimension elements
Article 2.7.3 One end of the dimension boundary should be close to the outline of the marked figure, and the other end should exceed the dimension line by 1 to 3 mm. The outline of the figure and the center line can also be used as dimension boundaries. The dimension boundary should be perpendicular to the marked length: when marking is difficult, it is not necessary to be perpendicular, but the dimension boundaries should be parallel to each other (Figure 2.7.3). Figure 2.7.3
Marking of dimension boundaries
Article 2.7.4 The dimension line must be parallel to the marked length and should not exceed the dimension boundary. Any other drawing line shall not be used as a dimension line. In any case, the drawing line shall not pass through the dimension number. . Parallel dimension lines should be arranged from near to far from the outline of the marked figure, and the spacing between parallel dimension lines can be between 5 and 15 mm. The sub-dimension line should be close to the outline line, and the overall dimension line should be far from the outline line (Figure 2.7.4). Not due south
Give the people
ZER plan
Send #10
Figure 27.4 Dimension line marking
Article 2.7.5 The direction of dimension numbers and text writing should be marked according to Figure 2.7.5, Figure 27.5 Dimension numbers, text marking
Article 2.7.6 When a large-scale drawing is used to represent a small and complex figure, its enlargement range should be within the original In the figure, circles or relatively regular shapes are drawn with thin solid lines and marked with lead lines (Figure 2.7.6).
实宇卵
Figure 27.6 Marking of the scope of the large-scale drawing
大耀人
Article 2.7.7 The oblique lines and horizontal lines of the lead-out lines shall be drawn with thin solid lines, and their intersection angle a can be drawn as 90°, 120”, 135°, and 150”. When a view requires a text description, the text description can be marked on the horizontal line of the lead-out line (Figure 2.7.6). When there are more than one oblique lines, each oblique line should be parallel or intersect at one point (Figure 2.7.7)
Figure 27.7 Marking of the lead-out line6). When there are more than one oblique line, the oblique lines should be parallel or intersect at one point (Figure 2.7.7)
Figure 27.7 Leading line marking6). When there are more than one oblique line, the oblique lines should be parallel or intersect at one point (Figure 2.7.7)
Figure 27.7 Leading line marking
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