This standard specifies the common basic terms and definitions for wind turbines. This standard applies to wind turbines. The terminology in other standards should also be used as a reference. GB/T 2900.53-2001 Electrical Terminology Wind Turbines GB/T2900.53-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

ICS27.180
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T2900.532001
idtIEC60050-415:1999
Electrical terminology
Wind turbine generator systems
Electrotechnical terminology-Wind turbine generator systems2001-09-15Promulgated
Shandong People's Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2002-04-01Implementation
GB/T 2900. 53- 2001
IEC Foreword
Wind turbines and wind turbine generator sets
Design and safety parameters
Wind characteristics
Connection to the power grid
Power characteristics test technology
2.6 Noise test technology
Appendix A (suggestive appendix)
Appendix B (suggestive appendix)
Chinese index
English index
GB/T 2900. 532001
This standard is equivalent to TEC60050-415: 1999 International Electrotechnical Commission Part 415: Wind turbine generator sets. The writing format and rules of this standard conform to GB/T1.1-1993. The foreword and introduction of IEC60050-415 are retained, and the "foreword" of this standard is added.
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are suggestive appendices. This standard was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for Standardization of Wind Machinery and National Technical Committee for Standardization of Electrical Terms. The drafting unit of this standard is the Secretariat of National Technical Committee for Standardization of Wind Machinery. The main drafters of this standard are Tu Jianping, Li Xiurong, Sun Rulin and Qi Hesheng. GB/T2900.53—2001
IEC Foreword
1) IFC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a world standardization organization composed of national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The purpose of IEC is to promote comprehensive international cooperation in standardization work in the electrical and electronic fields. For this and other purposes, IFC publishes international standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any national committee interested in the subject may participate in its work. According to the agreement reached between IEC and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), there will be close cooperation between the two organizations. 2) The final resolution of IEC technical content expresses the consensus on the relevant issues as much as possible, because the technical committees represent all these national committees.
3) The resulting documents are provided for international use in the form of recommendations and are published as standards, technical reports or guidance documents, which are recognized in some way by the national standards committees. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, the IEC National Committees agree to use IEC International Standards in their countries and regions to the greatest extent possible. Any differences between TEC standards and relevant national and regional standards should be clearly stated in the latter. 5) IFC does not provide standard approvals and does not exercise responsibility for the declaration of conformity of any equipment with an IEC standard. 6) Attention should be paid to the possibility that some parts of this international standard are proprietary. IEL is not responsible for distinguishing them. International Standard IEC 60050-415 was prepared by IFC Technical Committee 1: Terminology and IEC Technical Committee 88: Wind Turbines. It forms Part 415 of the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV). This version of the standard was produced based on the following document: FDIS
1/1660/FDIS
The voting results of this standard can be found in the voting report specified above. Voting Notice
1/JG66/RVI)
GB/F 2900. 53--2001
This document includes the definitions of terms used in the current documents of IECTC88, and the content of the document is limited to certain concepts specific to wind turbines. Terms that already exist in TC88 documents and have been defined elsewhere by IEV, such as general use and related electrical technologies, are not included.
It may also happen that some terms defined by IEV have specific meanings in TC88, and the meanings are not exactly the same - even if they are slightly different. In this case, the term is followed by "(wind turbine)". Suggestions for changing existing definitions
+To be used by TC 88, it belongs to the category of wind turbines, has been defined by IEV, and is a concept that TC 88 finds unnecessary. TC 88 requires TC1 to take necessary measures to modify the definition of IEV.
Wind farm
A power station that converts wind energy into electrical energy.
TC88 recommends the definition:
Wind farm
A power station consisting of a group of wind turbines or wind turbines. 1 Scope National Standard of the People's Republic of China Electrotechnical terminology Wind lurbine generator systems This standard specifies the commonly used basic terms and definitions for wind turbines. This standard applies to wind turbines. The terminology in other standards should also be used for reference. 2 Definitions This standard adopts the following definitions. 2.1 Wind turbine and wind turbine generator system 2.1.1 Wind turbine Wind turbine A rotating machine that converts the kinetic energy of wind into another form of energy. CB/T 2900.53—2001
idt IEC 60050-415:1999
Wind turbine generator system; WTGs (ahhreviation)2.1.21
A system that converts the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. 2.1.3 Wind power station; wind farmA power station consisting of a group of wind turbines or wind turbine groups. 2.1.4 Horizontal axis wind turbineA wind turbine with a rotor axis substantially parallel to the wind direction. 2.1.5 Vertical axis wind turbineA wind turbine with a rotor axis vertical to the wind direction.
2.1.6 Hub (for wind turbines)A device that fixes the blades or blade groups to the shaft. 2.1.7 Nacelle
The component located at the top of a horizontal axis wind turbine that contains the motor, drive train and other devices. 2.1.8 Support structure (for wind turbines) The part of a wind turbine consisting of the tower and foundation. 2.1.9 Shutdown (for wind turbines) The transition state of a wind turbine from power generation to standstill or idling. 2.1.10 Normal shutdown (for wind turbines) The shutdown of a wind turbine that is entirely controlled by the control system. 2.1.11
Emergency shutdown (for wind turbines) The rapid shutdown of a wind turbine when the protective device system is triggered or when human intervention occurs. 2.1.12
Idling (for wind turbines) The state in which a wind turbine is slowly rotating but not generating power. 2. 1. 13
Locking (wind turbine) blocking (for wind turbines) Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on September 15, 2001 and implemented on April 1, 2002
GB/T2900.53—2001
Use mechanical pins or other devices, instead of the usual mechanical brake disc, to prevent the movement of the wind rotor shaft or yaw mechanism: 2.1.14 Parking
The state of a wind turbine after it is shut down.
2.1.15 Standstill
The stopped state of a wind turbine generator set.
2.1.16 Brake (for wind turbines) brake (for wind turbines) A ​​device that can reduce the speed of the wind rotor or stop the rotation of the wind rotor. 2.1.17 parking brake (for wind (urbines) brake that can prevent the rotor from rotating.
2.1.18 rotor speed (for wind turhines) the speed at which the rotor of a wind turbine rotates around its axis. 2.1.19 control system (for wind turbines) a system that receives wind turbine information and/or environmental information and adjusts the wind turbine to keep it within the required working range. 2.1.20 protection system (for WTGS) a system that ensures that the wind turbine operates within the designed range. Note: If a conflict arises, the protection system shall take precedence over the control system. 2.1.21 yawing
the rotation of the rotor shaft around the vertical axis (only applicable to horizontal axis wind turbines). 2.2 design and safety parameters
design conditions design situation
Various possible states of wind turbine operation, such as power generation, parking, etc. 2.2.2
Load case
The combination of design state and external conditions that cause component loads. External conditions (for wind turbines) 2.2.33
Factors that affect the operation of wind turbines, including wind conditions, other climatic factors (snow, ice, etc.), earthquakes and power grid conditions. 2.2.4 Design limits
The maximum or minimum value used in the design. 2.2.5 Limit state limitstate
A stress state of a component. If the force acting on its L exceeds this state, the component no longer meets the design requirements. 2.2.6 Serviceability limit state states Boundary conditions required for normal use.
Ultimate limit state ultimate limit state Limit state corresponding to the risk of damage and the dislocation or deformation that may cause damage. 2.2.8 Safe life safe life Expected service time before serious failure.
2.2.9 Catastrophic failure (for wind turbines) Serious damage to parts or components, resulting in loss of main functions and safety impairment. 2.2.10 Latent fault laleni fault; dormant failure Undiscovered fault in components or systems during normal operation. 2.3 Wind characteristics
2. 3. 1 Wind speed wind speed
The wind speed at a specific point in space is the moving speed of the gas particles around that point. Note: The wind speed is the value of the wind vector.
See: wind vector (2.3.2),
2.3.2 Wind velocity
GB/T 2900. 53—2001
A vector that indicates the direction of the gas mass movement around the studied point and whose value is equal to the velocity of the gas mass movement (i.e. the wind velocity at that point). Note: The wind velocity at any point in space is the time derivative of the gas mass passing through that point. 2.3.3 Rotationally sampled wind velocity The wind vector experienced by a fixed point on a rotating wind turbine. Note: The rotationally sampled wind velocity spectrum is significantly different from the normal end flow spectrum. When the wind turbine rotates, the blades cut into the airflow and the flow harmonics produce spatial changes. The final flow spectrum includes the flow spectrum changes under the rotational frequency and the harmonics generated thereby. 2.3.4 Rated wind speed (For wind turbines) The wind speed specified when the wind turbine reaches the rated power output. 2.3.5 Cut-in wind speedThe lowest wind speed at the hub height when the wind turbine starts generating electricity. 2.3.6 Cut-out wind speedThe highest wind speed at the hub height when the wind turbine reaches the design power. 2.3.7 Annual average
The average value of a group of measurements of sufficient number and duration. Used to estimate the expected value. Note: The averaging time interval should be a whole year in order to average out unstable factors such as seasonal changes. Annual average wind speed2.3.83
The average wind speed determined according to the definition of annual average. 2.3.9 Mean wind speedThe average value of the instantaneous wind speed within a given time, which can vary from a few seconds to several years. 2.3.10 Extreme wind speed The average maximum wind speed within t seconds, which is likely to occur once in a specific period (recurrence period) T years. Note: Refer to recurrence period T = 50 years and T = 1 year, average time t = 3 s and t = 10 5. Extreme wind speed is commonly known as "safety wind speed", safety wind speed (deprecated) survival wind speed (deprecated) 2.3.11
Common name for the maximum design wind speed that a structure can withstand. Note: This term is not used in the IEC61400 series of standards. Extreme wind speed can be used as a reference during design. See extreme wind speed (2.3.10).
2.3.12 Reference wind speed Reference wind speed Basic extreme wind speed parameters used to determine wind turbine class. Note
1 Other climate-related design parameters can be obtained from the reference wind speed and other basic class parameters. For the design of wind turbines corresponding to the reference wind speed level, the 10-minute average maximum wind speed that it withstands once in 50 years at the wheel offset should be less than or equal to the reference wind speed.
2. 3. 13 Wind speed distribution Wind speed distribution is used to describe the distribution function of the probability distribution of wind speed within a continuous time limit. Secretion: Frequently used external functions are Rayleigh and Weibull distribution functions. 2.3.14 Rayleigh distribution RayLeigh distribulion is often used for the probability distribution function of wind speed, and the distribution function depends on the distribution of two adjustment parameters.
2. 3.15 Weibull distribution
Weibull distribution
Scale parameter, which controls the average wind speed
is often used for the probability distribution function of wind speed, and the distribution function depends on two parameters, the shape parameter that controls the width of the distribution and the scale parameter that controls the average wind speed distribution.
Note: The difference between Rayleigh distribution and Weibull distribution lies in the shape parameter of Rayleigh distribution 2.3
2.3.16 Wind shear wind shear
GB/T 2900.53—2001
The change of wind speed in the plane perpendicular to the wind. 2.3.17 Wind profile; wind shear law wind profile; wind shear law The numerical expression of the change of wind speed with the height above the ground. Note: The commonly used profiles are logarithmic profiles and absolute profiles. 2.3.18 Wind shear exponent windshearcxponent The power law exponent usually used to describe the shape of the wind speed profile. See: wind profile: wind shear law (2.3.17). 2.3.19 Logarithmic wind shear law logarithmic wind shear law The mathematical expression that expresses the change of wind speed with the height above the ground in a logarithmic relationship. 2.3.20 Powerlawforwindshear The mathematical expression that expresses the change of wind speed with height above the ground in accordance with the relationship of wind shear law. 2.3.21 Downwind
Main wind direction.
2.3.22 Upwind
The opposite direction of the main wind direction.
Gust
A sudden and short-term change in wind speed exceeding the average wind speed. Jiang: Gusts can be expressed by rise-time, i.e. amplitude-duration. 2.3.24 Roughnesslength The height calculated when the average wind speed becomes 0 under the assumption that the vertical wind corridor changes with the height above the ground in a logarithmic relationship. 2.3.25 Turhulence intensity The ratio of the standard wind speed deviation to the average wind speed. Calculated using the same set of measurement data and the specified period, 2.3.26 Turbulencescaleparameter The longitudinal power spectrum density is equal to (.05 wavelength Note: Longitudinal power density is a non-linear number determined by Appendix B of B18451.1.--2C01% Safety requirements for wind turbines. 2.3.27 Incrtial sub-range Frequency range of wind speed inertia spectrum within which eddies are gradually broken up to homogeneity and energy losses are negligible. Note: At a typical wind speed of 10m/*, the frequency range of the inertial sub-range is approximately between C.02Hz and 2kHz. 2.4 Connection to the grid
2.4.1 Interconnection (wind turbines) Interconnection (rorWTGs) Electrical connection between a wind turbine and the grid, so that electrical energy can be transferred from the wind turbine to the grid and vice versa. 2.4.2 Output power (wind turbines) Output power (FurWTGs) Electrical power output by a wind turbine at any time. 2.4.3 Rated power (wind turbine) ratedpower (forwTGs) The maximum continuous output power that the wind turbine is designed to achieve under normal working conditions. 2.4.4 Maximum power (wind turbine) maximumpower (forWTGs) The highest net power output of the wind turbine under normal working conditions. 2.4.5 Grid connection point (wind turbine) nctworkconnectionpoint (forWTG) For a single wind turbine, it is the output cable terminal, and for a wind farm, it is the connection point with the power collection system bus. 2.4.6 Power collection system (wind turbine) powercollectionsystem (forwTGS) The power connection system that collects the electric energy of the wind turbine and transmits it to the grid step-up transformer or electric load. 2.4.7 Wind farm electrical equipment sitecleetricalfacilitics4
GB/T 2900.532001
All ladder-type electrical equipment between the wind turbine grid connection point and the grid. 2.5 Power performance test technology
2.5. 1 Power performance The expression of the power generation capacity of a wind turbine. 2.5. 2 Net electric power output The value of electric power delivered to the grid by a wind turbine. Power coefficient
The ratio of the net electric power output to the power obtained from the free stream on the swept surface of the wind rotor. 2.5. 4 Freestream wind speed Usually refers to the speed of the undisturbed natural air flow at the hub height. 2.5.5 Swept area
The projected area of ​​the circle generated by the movement of the blade tip when the wind rotor rotates on the vertical wind vector plane. 2.5.6 Hub height
The height from the ground to the center of the swept surface of the wind rotor, which is also the plane height for vertical wind turbines. 2.5.7
Measured power curveA graph or table depicting the net electrical power output of a wind turbine measured by the correct method and corrected or standardized. It is a function of the measured wind speed.
2.5.8Extrapolated power curveThe extension of the measured power curve from the maximum wind speed to the cut-out wind speed by an estimated method. 2.5.9Annual energy productionThe total electrical energy produced by a wind turbine in one year estimated by the power curve and the frequency distribution of different wind speeds at the hub height. The calculation assumes an availability of 10%: 2.5.10 Availability (wind turbine) Availability (forwTs)The ratio of the number of hours remaining after excluding the hours of technical work of the wind turbine during a period to the total hours during the period, expressed as a percentage.
2.5.11 Dataset (for power performance measurement) Dataset (for wind turbine generator set) Accuracy (for wTGS) Parameter value used to describe measurement error 2.5.13 Measurement error uncrtaint: Parameter in measurcmcnt related to the measurement result, characterizing the reasonable discreteness of the value caused by the measurement. 2.5.14 Grouping method a f bins
A method of processing the experimental data by grouping them according to wind speed intervals. Note: In each group, the number of samples and their sum are recorded, and the average parameter value in the group is calculated. 2.5.15 Measurement period measurement pcrind The period of time in which the basic data with statistical significance in the power characteristic test is collected. 2.5.16 Measurement sector measurementseclor The wind direction sector for obtaining the data required for measuring the power curve. 2.5.17bzxZ.net
Diurnal variations
Changes based on the gate.
2.5.18 Pitch angle pitchangle
The angle between the blade chord and the rotor rotation plane at a specified blade radial position (usually 100% blade half-light). 2.5.19
Distance constant distance constant
GB/T 2900.53—2001
Time response index of anemometer. In step-varying wind speed, when the anemometer's indication value reaches 63% of the stable value, the airflow travel length through the anemometer.
2.5.20 Test site
Test site of wind turbine generator and surrounding environmentFlow distortion
Changes in airflow caused by obstacles, terrain changes or other wind turbines, resulting in deviations from the free flow and a certain degree of wind speed measurement error.
Obstacles
Fixed objects adjacent to wind turbine generators that can cause airflow distortion, such as buildings and trees. 2.5.23
Complex terrain
Areas around the wind farm site with significant terrain changes or obstacles that can cause airflow distortion. 2.5.24
Wind break
Some rugged natural environments with a relative distance of less than 3 times the height. 2.6 Noise testing technology
2.6.1 Sound pressure level sound pressure Icvel The logarithm of the ratio of the sound pressure to the reference sound pressure multiplied by 20. Measured in decibels. Note: For wind turbines, the reference pressure is 20 μPa. 2.6.2 Sound level weighted sound pressure level; sound level The logarithm of the ratio of the known sound pressure to the 20 μPa reference sound pressure. The sound pressure is obtained at the standard weighting frequency and standard weighting index. Note: The unit of sound level is decibel, which is equal to 20 times the logarithm of the above ratio with 10 as the base. 2.6.3 Apparent sound power level apparentsoundpowerlevel The A-weighted sound power level of a point radiation source with a size of 1pW propagating downwind from the center of the wind turbine rotor under the sound measurement reference wind speed.
Note: The apparent sound power level is usually expressed in decibels. 2.6.4 Directivity (for WTGS) Directivity (for WTGS) The difference between the A-weighted sound pressure levels measured at different measurement positions equidistant from the rotor centre downwind of the wind turbine. Notes
1 Directivity is expressed in decibels.
2 The measurement position is determined by the relevant standards.
2.6.5 Tonality
The difference between a sound value and the masking noise level in the critical band close to that sound value. Note: The sound value is expressed in decibels.
2, 6.6 Acoustic reference wind speed Wind speed of 8 m/s under standard conditions (10 m height, roughness length equal to 0.05 m). It provides a unified basis for calculating the apparent sound power level of a wind turbine.
Note: The reference wind speed is expressed in m/s. 2.6.7 Standard wind speed standardizedwindspeed is the wind speed converted to the standard state (10m height, roughness length 0.05m) using the logarithmic wind profile. 2.6.8 Reference height Reference height is the agreed height used to convert wind speed to standard state. Note: Reference height is set at 10m
2.6.9 Reference roughness length Reference roughness length is the roughness length used to convert wind speed to standard state. Note: Reference roughness length is set at 0.05m.
2. 6.10 Reference distance
referece distance
GB/T2900.53-2001
The horizontal nominal distance from the center of the foundation of the wind turbine to the center of each designated microphone position. Note: The reference distance is expressed in meters.
Grazing angle Grazing angle
The angle between the microphone disk and the line connecting the microphone to the center of the wind wheel. Note
The term "grazing angle" is rejected.
2 The grazing angle is expressed in degrees.
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