NY/T 2398-2013 Technical regulations for summer direct-seeding peanut production
Some standard content:
ICS 67.200.20
Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
NY/T 2398—2013
Technical regulations for summer direct seeding cultivation ofpeanut
Issued on September 10, 2013
Implemented on January 1, 2014
Issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.12009. This standard was proposed and managed by the Crop Production Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture. The drafting units of this standard are: Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Shandong Agricultural University. NY/T2398—2013
The main drafters of this standard are: Li Shubo, Li Xiangdong, Guo Feng, Dong Jianjun, Jia Xi, Meng Jingjing, Liu Ping, Wang Caibin, Zhang Daipu, Chen Dianxu and Sun Xiushan.
1 Scope
Technical regulations for summer direct-seeding peanut production
This standard specifies the environmental requirements and management measures for summer direct-seeding peanut production. This standard is applicable to the production of summer direct-seeding peanuts in crops such as wheat, rapeseed, and garlic. 2 Normative references
NY/T 2398—2013
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For any dated referenced document, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to the following documents: CB4285 Pesticide Safety Use Standard
GB5084 Agricultural Irrigation Water Quality Standard
GB/T8321 (all parts) Pesticide Rational Use Guidelines NY/T496 Fertilizer Rational Use Guidelines General
NY/T855 Peanut Production Environment Technical Conditions
3 Production Environment
Select light loam or sandy loam, with a thick upper layer, flat terrain, and convenient drainage and irrigation, and the production environment meets the requirements of NY/I855. bzxz.net
4 Climate Conditions
In areas where the peanut growth period reaches more than 115 days and the active accumulated temperature reaches 2800% to 3000℃, it can be cultivated by direct seeding in the open field; in areas where the growth period is 110d to 115d and the accumulated temperature is 2500℃ to 2700%, it can be cultivated by mulching. 5. Pre-fertilization of peanuts in the previous crop
Fertilizer application should comply with the requirements of VY/T196
Summer direct-seeding peanuts should be fertilized according to the previous recommendation, based on the conventional base fertilizer of the previous crop (wheat, rapeseed, etc.) 1: Add all the organic fertilizers and 1/3 of the chemical fertilizers in the peanuts. The peanut fertilizer application rate is 1000kg~1500kg per 667m2 of high-quality decomposed chicken manure or other organic fertilizers with equivalent nutrient content. The application rate of chemical fertilizers: nitrogen (N) 3kg~4kg, phosphorus (P0.) 2kg~-3kg, potassium (Kz0) 3kg~4kg. 6. Seed treatment
.6.1 Variety selection
Choose medium-ripening or medium-early-ripening varieties with great yield potential and good comprehensive resistance, and pass provincial or national festival (identification, certification) or registration. 6.2 Shelling and seed selection
Shell within 10 days before sowing, and sun-dry seeds for 2d~-3d before shelling. Select large and full kernels for seeding. 6.3 Seed dressing
6.3.1 Soak the seeds in 0.02% to 0.05% phosphoric acid or borax aqueous solution for 3h to 5h, remove and dry the seed coat before sowing. 6.3.2 Add 0.2% to 0.4% ammonium vanadate or sodium vanadate to the weight of the seeds, make a 0.4% to 0.6% solution, spray it on the seeds with a sprayer, mix while spraying, dry the seed coat before sowing. 6.3.3 According to the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and underground pests, choose to mix the seeds with the agent that meets the requirements of GB1285 and GB/T8321 or carry out NY/T2398-2013 seed coating.
7 Sowing
7.1 Planting and picking
Watering and picking should be done after the previous crop is harvested to ensure that peanuts are picked and sown; after the previous crop is harvested, if the picking is suitable, it can be directly sown or tilled and sown after stubble removal. If the picking is not good, it should be planted and sown before sowing. 7.2 Applying sufficient basal fertilizer and fine land preparation
On the basis of the previous recommended pre-fertilization, before peanut sowing and land preparation: according to the requirements of the target yield, apply 6kg~8kg of nitrogen (N), 4kg~6kg of phosphorus (PO4), 6kg~8kg of potassium (K2O), and 6kg~8kg of calcium (CaO) per 667m2. If conditions permit, coated slow-release fertilizer should be applied for nitrogen fertilizer. Appropriately apply trace element fertilizers such as sulfur, boron, zinc, iron, and molybdenum. If stubble needs to be removed after fertilization, shallow ploughing and burning should be done first, and then rotary plowing and threshing should be done 1~2 times; if stubble does not need to be removed, rotary tillage, loosening, and fertilizer should be applied directly. Make sure the ground is level, fine, fertile and sufficient. 7.3 Early sowing and reasonable density planting
Summer direct-seeding peanuts should be sown early and the better. Open-field direct-seeding peanuts can be sown without tillage after the previous flowering crops are harvested, and topdressing should be applied from the emergence of peanuts to the beginning of flowering. The planting density of summer direct-seeding peanuts is 10,000 to 11,000 holes per 667m, with 2 seeds per hole. 7.4 Mechanical sowing and film covering
Use a peanut seeding machine with excellent agronomic performance to complete the peanut sowing, digging, spraying herbicides, film covering, and film pressing at one time, so as to achieve early sowing. The use of herbicides should comply with the requirements of GB4285 and G/T8321. If weed film is used, the process of spraying herbicides can be omitted. Use conventional polyethylene film with a width of about 90cm and a thickness of 0.0011mm to 0.006mm. The transparency is 280% and the spreadability is good.
8 Field management
8.1 Soil removal and seedling introduction
When peanut seedlings emerge, remove the film from the ridge ditch. The places with continuous missing holes should be replanted in time. The side branches under the film should be sorted out in time from the beginning to before flowering.
8.2 Water management
Summer direct-seeded peanuts are very sensitive to drought, especially during the flowering and fruiting stages. When the leaves of peanuts begin to wilt around noon, water them in a timely and appropriate manner. The irrigation water quality must meet the requirements of GB5084. During the fruiting stage (one month before harvest), water them in small amounts. If there is a lot of rain after fruiting, drain the water in time to prevent waterlogging. In case of serious waterlogging, break the film and disperse the water in time. 8.3 Intertillage and weeding
8.3.1 Intertillage
For peanuts that are planted without tillage, intertillage and weeding should be carried out after the emergence of peanut seedlings and the beginning of flowering. After intertillage, dig trenches on both sides of the peanut plants and apply fertilizer. After applying fertilizer, cover the soil and water.
8.3.2 Weeding
The application of herbicides shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T428 and GB/T8321. 8. 4 Disease and Pest Control
Pesticide application should be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB4285 and GB/T8321. 8.5 Timely Chemical Control
When the main seedling height reaches 30cm~35cm in the early stage of fruiting, timely spray the growth regulator that meets the requirements of GB4285 and GB/T8321. If the main seedling height exceeds 40cm after 10d~15d of application, spray once more. 8.6 Foliar Fertilization
Spray 2%~3% of the leaves on 667m2 in the middle and late stages of survival 10kg of urea aqueous solution or 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, spray twice, with an interval of 7-10 days. Other foliar fertilizers registered by the Ministry of Agriculture or provincial departments can also be sprayed. Harvest late at the right time
NY/T2398—2013
Summer direct-seeded peanuts should be harvested in early to mid-October. Dry the fruits in time after harvest to reduce the moisture content to below 10% as soon as possible. 10 Remove residual film
Remove residual film from the field in time after harvesting film-cured peanuts
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