Some standard content:
GB/T16868—1997
This standard refers to the GB/T19000-ISO9000 series of standards. It defines the quality management principles for the service industry with commodity management as the main focus. It is a guide for the application and practice of the GB/T19000-ISO9000 family of standards, especially GB/T19004.2—1994 (idlISQ9004.2:1991) in commodity management groups.
The "commodity" referred to in this standard is a physical product, not including "services" in the general sense. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Domestic Trade of the People's Republic of China. The drafting units of this standard are: the Science and Technology Quality Management Bureau of the Ministry of Domestic Trade, the former Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Commerce, and the former Shanghai No. 2 Bureau of Commerce. The main drafters of this standard are: Liu Youpei, Shao Dasen, Huang, Li Zhiqiang, Dan Junxian, and Zhang Huiming. GB/T16868
The main task of commodity management organizations is to provide more customers with satisfactory goods and services, and to create reasonable commercial profits through the provision of services. In order to maintain the provision of goods and services that satisfy customers, commodity management organizations must continuously improve their management quality. Practice has proved that it is not enough to improve management quality by simply controlling the commodity management process. Management organizations should also establish a sound management quality management system, procedures and methods to obtain customer (whether external or internal) satisfaction and establish a sense of responsibility, which is the key to the success of the organization. This specification follows the quality management principles of the GB/T19000-IS(9000 series of standards, and provides a series of methods and elements of commodity management quality management for organizations engaged in commodity management, so as to enable them to enhance their commodity quality assurance capabilities, provide customers with high-quality services, thereby gaining customer trust and improving economic benefits. 1 Fan Han
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Commodity Management Quality Management Specification
Commodity quality management specification GB/T 16868 1997
This standard specifies the principles, procedures, methods and operating elements for commodity management organizations to establish a management quality system. This standard applies to all types of commodity wholesale, storage, transportation, retail, distribution enterprises or organizations, and also applies to other commodity service enterprises or organizations.
Commodity management organizations of different types, sizes and natures may determine the management methods and means that are suitable for them and choose to use relevant elements based on the nature and types of the commodities they manage, on the basis of complying with the concepts and principles of quality management. 2 Reference standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T6583-94 Quality Management and Quality Assurance Terminology (iclISO8402.1994) GB/T 19000.1-94 Quality Management and Quality Assurance Standards Part 1: Selection and Use Guide idt ISO 9000-1:1994
GB/T19003-94 Quality system final inspection and test quality assurance model (idtIS09003:1994) GB/T19004.1-94 Quality management and quality system elements Part 1: Guide (idtISO9001-1:1994) GB/T19004.2-94 Quality management and quality system elements Part 2: Service Guide (idIS) 90042:1991)) 3 Definitions
This standard recommends the use of the definitions given in GB/T 6583-94 and the following definitions. 3.1 Organization
A company, group of companies, firm, enterprise, institution or association or part thereof with its own functions and administration, whether or not it is a joint-stock system, public or private.
3.2 Customer
The recipient of the product provided by the supplier.
3.3 Supplier
Organization that provides products to customers.
3.4 Sub-contractor
Organization that provides products to suppliers.
3.5 Service
The result of the activities between suppliers and customers and the internal activities of suppliers in order to meet the needs of customers. 3.6 Commodity
The product obtained for exchange. In this standard, it refers to the product provided by the management organization to the customer. 3.7 Service delivery Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on June 16, 1997 and implemented on January 1, 1998
The activities necessary for suppliers to provide services. 3.8 Commodity quality
CB/T 16868-1997
The sum of the characteristics and features that reflect the ability of commodities to meet the explicit or implicit needs of customers and commodity management organizations. 3.9 Commodity quality management Commodity quality management Commodity management organizations determine quality policies, standards and responsibilities and implement them in the quality system through such as quality planning, quality assurance and quality improvement. All activities of the overall management function. 3.10 Quality control quality control
Operational techniques and activities taken to achieve quality requirements. 3.11 Quality policy
The overall quality purpose and quality direction of the organization formally issued by the highest management of the organization. 4 Characteristics of commodity management
4.1 Overview
Commodity management generally involves both goods and services. Customers are not only interested in the goods provided by the supplier, but also in the service process provided. However, the core of commodity management is to provide customers with satisfactory goods. 4.2 Quality characteristics of commodity management
The quality of commodity management is reflected in the quality of goods and services provided to customers. The quality characteristics of management have both the commonality of general service quality and its own particularity, that is, they have the duality of service work quality and commodity quality. The requirements of goods and services provided by goods must be clearly defined based on the characteristics that can be observed and evaluated by customers. Both types of characteristics must be evaluated by the acceptance standards specified by the organization. The quality of goods and service can be evaluated qualitatively or quantitatively: For the quality of goods: · The quality of the goods can be directly priced by the customer itself, and · The quality of the service can be evaluated by the customer's satisfaction with the goods and the suitability. The quality of service involves timeliness, perfection, accuracy, and the friendly attitude or courtesy felt by the customer or beneficiary. Some characteristics can be directly measured without involving customers (such as timeliness and accuracy). Other characteristics can only be measured indirectly and must be evaluated by customers (such as satisfaction, friendly attitude, etc.)
4.3 Control of the quality characteristics of commodity management
Generally, the control of product quality can only be achieved by controlling the operation process. Therefore, "process measurement and control" is a requirement for achieving business quality. In principle, it is difficult to control service quality by final inspection. The same is true for product quality: Therefore, the quality of products and the quality of services provided should be based on the control of the business process (the process of providing products). 5 Management Responsibilities
5.1 Quality Policy
The top management of the organization shall take responsibility and make commitments for the quality policy and take necessary measures to ensure that the quality policy can be understood, implemented and maintained.
The quality policy should include:
-The image and credibility of the product management organization in terms of quality;-The various daily standards for product management quality;
-The measures taken in achieving quality standards;-The role of all personnel responsible for implementing the quality policy. 5.2 Quality Objectives
Organizational management should specify various quality objectives related to key factors such as the effectiveness, safety and reliability of product quality and services, including:
一 Clearly state customer requirements with appropriate quality standards: GB/T 16868--1997
一 Take preventive measures and control methods to avoid customer dissatisfaction; 一 Optimize quality results so that performance that meets requirements can be achieved; 一 Form a consensus within the organization on shared responsibility for quality; ... Continuously evaluate the requirements and performance of quality management to find opportunities to improve quality; 一 Prevent the organization from having adverse effects on society and the environment. 5.3 Quality System
5.3.1 The quality system is the organizational structure, responsibilities, authority, procedures and resources required to implement product management quality management. 5.3.2 Organizational managers should organize the establishment of a quality system and make it operate effectively to achieve the specified policies and objectives. 5.3.3 The organizational structure of the quality system should be adapted to the specific type of service business of the commodity operation and have the function of providing evidence that the system is clear and effective and that the goods provided can meet the customer's requirements. 5.3.4 The following are essential to a successful quality system: 1. Develop plans, procedures and instructions to explain how the organization works effectively; 2. Employees are united in quality and everyone is responsible for the effective operation of the quality system, which includes close contact and mutual trust between organizational personnel, subcontractors and customers; 3. Management should strive to eliminate the provision of unqualified goods and services; 4. Establish appropriate quality standards to verify and evaluate the quality of the goods provided. 5.6 Quality system elements
6-1 Figure 1 describes the main activities related to the quality of the organization's commodity operation. The quality system involves all stages of the commodity operation cycle, from the initial identification of market needs to the final satisfaction of requirements. 6.2 Quality system structure
6.2.1 Responsibilities and authorities
The basic rights and specific responsibilities of all personnel engaged in commodity operation activities should be clearly defined. And should define clear authority for quality system management. Responsibilities and authorities should be determined according to different levels and measurable scales. 6.2.2 Organizational structure
Working bodies that are compatible with the quality system should be established in all management work of the organization, and their responsibilities and relationships should be defined. 6-2.3 Human and material resources
Responsibility for implementing all activities related to product quality management. Management should plan to provide sufficient and appropriate resources to implement the quality policy and achieve the expected quality objectives. This should include new business processes and product quality factors related to market changes (including the application of new technologies).
6-2.3.1 Human resources
To ensure the work ability of various types of personnel, management should make provisions for the qualifications, experience and necessary training requirements of personnel. It is important that managers should regularly evaluate the factors that affect the enthusiasm of personnel. These factors can include personnel skills, leadership ability, responsibility, work initiative and work coordination between departments within the organization. 6.2.3.2 Material resources The material resources required for commodity operation refer to the following: - specified equipment and warehouses: - working environment and facilities: - quality assessment facilities, - software for calculating machine cost: - selected production and technical documents. - operation process analysis and collection [commodity standards] - commodity operation recommendation - product quality inspection (acceptance) [testing] - operation process [sales report] - operation results inspection (measurement) chart - operation process/operation process documents - operation results inspection (measurement) chart! Schematic diagram of key activities affecting product quality 6.3 Quality system documents
6.3.1 Overview
Product management organizations should clearly define the elements, requirements and regulations adopted by their quality system, form systematic documents, and write out policies, plans, procedures, instructions and records in an orderly manner. All documents should ensure a common understanding of the organization's quality policies, guidelines and targets.
6.3.2 Quality manual
The quality manual is the main document used in the recommendation and implementation of the quality system. The main purpose of the quality manual is to fully describe the quality system so that it can serve as a fixed basis for implementing and maintaining the system. 6.3.3 Quality plan
When necessary, for projects related to new products or service reduction processes of important products, a written quality plan consistent with all other requirements in the organization's quality system should be prepared, and managers should monitor the implementation process against the plan. 6.3.4 Procedures
The objectives and specifications of the activities carried out by the management organization to meet customer needs and how these activities are controlled and recorded shall be specified in writing.
6.3.5 Quality Records
CB/T16868-1997
Quality records and charts or related results of design, inspection, investigation, audit, review and complaint are important components of the parent quality system. 6.4 Internal Quality Audits
To verify the implementation and effectiveness of all elements, conditions and components used in the quality system, internal quality audits shall be carried out systematically. The quality audit shall be planned, documented and carried out regularly by qualified personnel in accordance with the procedures specified in the documents. Such personnel shall be independent of the specific activities or areas being audited. The audit results and corrective action recommendations shall be put forward in writing by the organization's leaders. The person responsible for the audit activities shall ensure that appropriate corrective actions are implemented.
6-5 Quality System Review
The organization's management shall arrange for an independent comprehensive evaluation of the continued adaptability and effectiveness of the parent system. The evaluation should be performed by appropriate members of the organization's management or by qualified independent personnel determined by the top management. The content includes: - the audit conclusions of each element of the quality system; - the conclusions of the effectiveness of the quality management system in achieving the various goals of specified product quality, and the quality review data; - the opinions, conclusions and suggestions on the results of the review and evaluation should be submitted to the management in the form of documents so that the quality acquisition plan can be formulated and necessary actions can be taken.
6.6 Contact with customers
The management should establish effective communication between customers and supply chain personnel. The personnel who contact customers are the main source of process information. The management should regularly review the methods used to improve contact with customers. Effective ways to contact customers include:
——Describe the performance, quality characteristics, usage and possible problems of the product during use; ... ...Describe the methods, time and content of after-sales service; ——Explain the relationship between the price and quality of the product; ——If a problem occurs, explain the impact and solution methods; ——Ensure that customers are aware of their efforts to ensure the quality of the products; Provide appropriate and easy-to-accept effective contact facilities and methods: ——Determine the relationship between the products provided and the clear requirements of the customer for product quality. 7 Quality system operation elements (implementation elements) The quality system operation elements described in this competition refer to the clear requirements for effective quality management of the product operation process. Figure 1 shows the main activities that affect the quality of product operation. The following will be explained in detail. 7.1 Market development
7. 1. 1 Market research and analysis
The main responsibility of market development is to determine the needs and requirements for products. The business organization should take measures to collect product quality information and process and transmit the information obtained. Factors related to the quality of market development include: 1) All customer requirements. An effective way to understand customer requirements is to conduct investigations to obtain information, including: 1) Customer requirements and expectations (such as customer preferences, levels of demand and reliability, unspecified expectations or tendencies); 2) Competitors' activities and performance.
h) Regulations (such as health, safety and environment, etc.) and relevant national, international standards and codes; c) Analyze and review customer requirements, collected data and contract information, and consult with relevant departments and personnel within the organization to confirm their obligations and capabilities to meet the requirements. 7.1.2 Supplier obligations (contractual responsibilities)
The obligations of suppliers to customers should be expressed in a clear or standardized manner between the operating organization and the customer. Clear supplier obligations and commitments should be fully incorporated into documents. Before the document is issued, it should be reviewed according to the obligations specified in the document. In order to be consistent with the following: relevant quality documents
Supplier capabilities:
There are legal and regulatory requirements.
GB/T 16868--1997
These obligations should be written in the business brief. When formalizing the obligations of suppliers, it is particularly important to effectively communicate with customers. 7.1.3 Business Brief
Once the decision to operate a certain (type) of product is made, the results of the market research and the approved obligations and responsibilities of suppliers should be included in the business brief. The brief describes the needs of customers and the capabilities of the management organization and serves as the basic document for forming a quality design. 7.1.4 Before operating a certain (type) of product, management should formulate policies, organizational and implementation procedures and final cancellation procedures when appropriate, ensure the necessary resources, facilities and technical support, and fulfill the planned timetable. Such responsibilities should be included in the planning, which ensures that the quality requirements of the product operation include clear safety measures, potential liabilities and appropriate methods to minimize risks to personnel, customers and the environment. 7.1.5 Quality of publicity
Any publicity of business and quality should reflect the norms of business and pay attention to the customer's feelings about the quality of the goods provided. The market development department should be aware of the risk of liability and economic disputes caused by exaggerated or unrealistic publicity of business and quality. 7.2 Design
7.2.1 Overview
The design of the commodity operation process includes converting the operation summary into the quality standards and inspection (acceptance) standards of the commodity and the commodity operation specifications: the company also reflects the choice of the management organization (such as purpose, policy and cost, etc.). The commodity quality standards stipulate the quality requirements of the commodity, and the commodity operation specifications stipulate the operation procedures and methods of the commodity and the stages of controlling its quality. The commodity inspection (acceptance) standards are the basis documents for the quality inspection (acceptance) of the commodity. The design of commodity quality standards, inspection (acceptance) standards and operation specifications is interdependent and mutually influential. 7.2.2 Design Responsibilities
Managers should define the responsibilities of product management design and ensure that all those who have a role in the design are aware of their responsibilities for product management quality:
Design responsibilities should include:
Development and confirmation of product quality standards and acceptance (inspection) standards, development and control of product management and quality control specifications: - Allocation of human and material resources required in the product management process: - Implementation of design review at each stage of the design; "- Verify whether the design process meets the requirements of business specifications; when necessary, revise business specifications, product quality standards, and quality control procedures based on external opinions: 7.2.3 Design review and modification
At the end of each design stage, the design results should be formally, systematically, and rigorously reviewed, and the review results should be documented. The design review should incorporate the quality of the reviewed stage. Representatives of relevant functional departments should participate in the design review. The design review should identify and predict problems and deficiencies, and take corrective measures to ensure that the final design and related data meet product quality and management requirements. Before operating a certain type (kind) of product for the first time, the following aspects should be reviewed to confirm: 1. The products provided are consistent with customer needs; the product provision process is complete; 2. Resources that meet business requirements are available; 3. Current and effective regulations and standards are met; 4. The information provided by customers during product use is useful. The quality system should clearly define the control procedures for the issuance, modification and use of design documents, as well as the review procedures required for design changes that may affect quality during the entire product operation process. The above procedures should specify various necessary approval procedures, the designated number of times to execute changes, and the verification of changes. 7.3 Product quality standards
GBT 168681997
7.3.1 The goods operated by commodity operators should have quality standards. These include explicit requirements and implicit requirements for commodity quality. Explicit requirements include product technical standards, such as variety, specification, technical performance, test (acceptance) methods, test (acceptance) rules, packaging, storage, etc., implicit requirements include taste, durability, psychological and marketability requirements. 7.3.2 The commodity quality standards can directly adopt the corresponding product technical standards, or they can use the enterprise standards formulated by the organization according to the contract requirements or the operating needs of different commodities.
The basis for formulating enterprise standards is
national laws, regulations and industry and regional The relevant provisions of the contract: - Technical specifications of the product:
... - Contract provisions:
- Explicit, specific and implicit requirements of customers (users): - Internal requirements of the organization.
Goods with the same or similar quality characteristics can be classified and commodity quality standards can be formulated. 7.4 Commodity inspection (acceptance) standards
Commodity management organizations should formulate commodity quality inspection (acceptance) standards to inspect and control the physical quality of commodities. At the same time, human and material resources suitable for the requirements of the standards should be allocated.
7.4.1 Commodity acceptance standards should include explicit and implicit requirements for commodities to accept the visible and invisible quality of commodities.
7.4.2 Principles and methods of formulation
- Directly adopt the relevant inspection (acceptance) requirements in the product quality standard: According to the characteristics of the product and the degree of quality requirements, the degree of difficulty in controlling quality is classified and the acceptance requirements are determined. The degree of classification should be adapted to the scale of operation:
- Determine the acceptance rules according to the characteristics of the product and the importance of the classification; - According to the history of inspection and operation of the product, the inspection standards or acceptance methods for key items and characteristics that meet the quality requirements can be formulated. 7.5 Product management specifications
7.5.1 Product management specifications describe the methods used in the product management process, including: - Description of the characteristics that directly affect the quality of the product; - Acceptable standards for each operating characteristic; - Resource requirements in terms of the type and quantity of equipment and facilities required to achieve the operating standards; - Requirements on the number and skills of personnel; The degree of reliability of subcontractors.
The operating specifications should take into account the objectives, policies and capabilities of the operating organization, as well as the requirements of laws and regulations such as health, safety, and the environment. 7.5.2 Product operation process
7.5.2.1 Overview
The design of the product operation process is divided into various work stages based on procedures. These procedures describe the activities included in each work stage. For example, the work stages of product sales include: 1. Product planning, providing customers with information about product sales; 2. Product preparation, including product preparation and sales service preparation; 3. Sales service, formulating various job specifications; 4. Feedback from customer opinions, and after-sales service. 7.5.2.2 Establishment of the operation process
The planning and establishment of the process should include the determination of necessary resources and equipment, facilities, personnel (including skill descriptions) and related work modes and liaison with external contractors.
GB/T168681997
The stages and methods for implementing adequate quality control of the operation process must be fully considered in the design of the operation process to ensure that the quality control of the entire process is effective and guaranteed. 7.6 Quality Control of Product Operation Process
7.6.1 Principles of Quality Control of Operation Process
Quality control of product operation process is an integral part of the operation process. Based on the business specifications, measuring and supervising the operation process can provide a basis for quality verification of operation projects and handling customer complaints. In order to ensure that the operation activities continue to meet the business specifications, it is required to use strict and systematic methods to evaluate the relevant parameters of the entire operation process, and then judge the changes in the operation process by feeding back the evaluation results to eliminate or reduce the factors that cause low quality. Process quality control activities are closely related to the obligations of subcontractors: the data obtained in process control can be used to evaluate subcontractors in addition to being the main basis for quality control of the operation process. 7.6.2 Quality Control Methods of Product Operation Process
7.6.2.1 Determine the person responsible for the process
The responsibilities of the heads of relevant fields or departments for the overall operation quality should be specified, so that the operation specifications can be implemented. 7.6.2.2 Define the process and confirm the internal requirements After the business process is established, a detailed process and information flow chart should be developed, and then the requirements for each activity should be developed according to the business specifications.
7.6.2.3 Establish evaluation points and control points
In the implementation of evaluation or verification, how to choose the characteristic value of the evaluation and the location of verification and the setting of control points depends on the type of goods being operated, the organizational structure, the quality standard, the importance of the characteristic and the difficulty of verification at this stage. By analyzing the activity flow chart related to the internal requirements, a set of more economical evaluation and control points can be obtained. When selecting the number and location of control points, the effort required to evaluate and control the internal process part and the cost caused by poor quality should be considered to balance the two aspects. The key point indicators of business quality should be clearly defined, and methods for measuring these indicators should be established. 7.6.2.4 Corrective Actions for Control Processes
During the validation period, if the confirmed process cannot meet the specified or expected business requirements, corrective actions should be taken, including immediate cessation of the business process until the cause is identified and corrective actions are taken or a pre-prepared corresponding countermeasure is immediately applied. When taking corrective actions, if customers are involved, the countermeasures should include adjustments based on customer reactions, explanations to customers, etc. 7.6.2.5 Measurement (Testing) Control
Adequate control should be maintained for all measurement (testing) systems. Confidence should be provided with data and decisions should be made based on it. This includes the use, calibration and maintenance of all inspection, testing and testing equipment, analysis of comparison samples, and documents or software used in verification. 7.6.3 Quality Control of Commodity Purchases
Commodity purchases are the central link in the control of commodity business processes. Marketable commodities within the business scope should be purchased according to the procurement plan. At the same time, the purchaser should establish close working relations and feedback systems with the subcontractors, and establish a continuous improvement quality plan to avoid or quickly resolve quality disputes.
7.6.3.1 Procurement plan (document)
The procurement plan (document) should be determined according to business needs, and its content should at least include: 一一Purchase order, whether it is a manual or specification (standard); 一Selection of subcontractors,
一Agreement on quality requirements and quality assurance requirements: 一Agreement on quality assurance and verification methods; 一Regulations on resolving quality disputes;
Control of purchased goods,
一Quality record of purchased goods.
7.6-3-2 Procurement contract
GB/T 168681997
The procurement of goods should be signed with the subcontractor to determine the name, specification, model, grade, quantity, quality requirements, delivery date, delivery location, method, etc. of the purchased goods. The terms of the contract must comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations. 7.6.3.3 Quality of purchased goods
The quality of purchased goods shall comply with the specified quality standards and national policies, laws, regulations and relevant provisions. 7.6.3.4 Selection of qualified subcontractors
The subcontractor's ability shall prove that the goods supplied can meet the requirements of the bid, drawings and contract. The methods for confirming this ability include one or more of the following: On-site assessment and evaluation of the subcontractor's ability and achievements and the quality system elements required for quality assurance: - Evaluation of subcontractor samples:
Comparison of the performance and product quality of the selected subcontractor with similar subcontractors; - Experience of other operators.
During the implementation of the contract, if the subcontractor verifies whether it meets the specified requirements, the corresponding quality records shall be kept to ensure that the historical situation and data of the assessment of the subcontractor's ability and quality-based tendency are available for reference. 7.6.3.5 Goods acceptance (certification)
Goods should be fully accepted (certified) in accordance with the quality standards or acceptance standards of goods, and a clear agreement should be reached with the subcontractor on the acceptance (certification) method, and carried out in accordance with the provisions of 7.7.3.2. Such as including variety, quantity, color, specification, grade, packaging and required accompanying documents, etc., and consistent with the contract and invoice.
After the goods are accepted (certified), detailed records should be made and clear marks should be made in time. 7.6.4 Goods transportation quality control
7.6.4.1 Goods management (transportation) organizations or enterprises should formulate goods transportation quality control documents and operating procedures to minimize or eliminate factors that cause changes in goods quality and ensure that goods are intact during transportation. 7.6.4.2 Goods transportation workers and equipment should have conditions such as sun protection, rain protection, and dust protection. Special requirements and measures should be taken for the transportation of special goods. 7.6.4.3 The operation procedures for product transportation should include the following: 1) When loading and unloading and carrying goods, they should be handled with care according to the nature of different types of goods, refer to the product signs and precautions, and wild loading and unloading is strictly prohibited to reduce human damage, for example: 1) Some goods cannot be tilted or placed, 2) Fragile goods should be handled with care; 3) Vibration-intolerant goods should be prevented from being hit; 4) Timely loading and unloading of fresh and fragile goods and preservation measures; 5) Dangerous goods should be classified separately and loaded and unloaded carefully. 6) Reasonable stacking and proper padding. Package: 7) Pay attention to the direction signs; 8) Do not exceed the width; 9) Avoid heavy items pressing light items and large items pressing small items to prevent damage during transportation; 10) Fixing measures to prevent collision, falling or loss; 11) Take measures to cover and pad to prevent the goods from being affected by changes in natural weather conditions. ) For special goods or goods with special requirements, as well as when the transportation span is large, the roads and climates are very different, special transportation tools should be used, or special protective measures should be adopted. d) If necessary, the goods can be repackaged to prevent vibration, impact, moisture, rust, etc. e) According to the nature, value, weight, quantity, volume, packaging and other conditions of the goods, the transportation method should be reasonably selected and the best solution should be adopted. For example: if it can be reached, no transfer, if it can be transported together, no segmentation, etc. 7.6.5 Goods storage quality controlwwW.bzxz.Net
Goods storage is the stay of goods in the circulation process. GB/T 16868—1997
Commodity management (transportation) organizations or enterprises should formulate a sound storage management and quality control scope, and determine appropriate storage conditions and maintenance measures according to the nature of the commodities and the impact of external factors on the commodities, so as to prevent the loss and quality reduction of the commodities, 7.6.5.1 The storage of commodities should have appropriate facilities, such as: - warehouses or places suitable for the nature of the stored commodities, - conditions and measures to maintain the quality of commodities; - equipment or facilities to ensure the safety of commodities, - clear signs and toilets! - the number of warehouse personnel should be suitable for the number and variety of the stored commodities, and they should have the necessary knowledge and skills. 7.6.5.2 A commodity protection and maintenance system should be established and effectively implemented. To avoid: deterioration or rusting of commodities due to factors and changes in temperature and humidity; product damage or pests caused by incomplete facilities or damage to equipment; harm caused by improper storage of flammable, explosive and volatile commodities; leakage and aging of commodities.
7.6.5.3 The organization should formulate internal management standards to ensure: - Strict entry and exit procedures, acceptance by warehouse personnel, review of exit, regular inventory, check-up, and consistency between accounts and goods; - Different types of goods are stored and managed by category, and goods with problems are stored separately with obvious signs; - Special goods or goods with special requirements are stored in special warehouses; - Mixing of goods that may cause pollution, toxicity or physical and chemical changes is prohibited; - Stacking and padding;
Goods are shipped out of the warehouse on a "first in, first out" basis, with "the one with the earliest expiration date first out"; - Dangerous goods are clearly marked and handled in accordance with relevant requirements for dangerous goods management. 7.6-5.4 Spot check
Spot checks should be carried out on goods after they enter the warehouse. Goods with problems should be removed in a timely manner, records should be kept, and reports should be made to relevant departments so as to quickly identify the causes and prevent the recurrence of the problems.
7.6.6 Goods distribution quality control
Goods distribution includes the distribution of goods from wholesalers to dealers, the distribution of goods within organizations, and the distribution of chain enterprises. 7.6.6.1 When distributing goods, the variety, specification, model, price, quantity, packaging and other items of the goods should be checked item by item according to the delivery note or bill of lading, and the delivery and handover procedures should be verified. 7.6.6.2 The short-distance transportation and loading and unloading of the distributed goods should comply with the requirements of 7.6.4. 7.6.6.3 The consignee should check or spot check the quality of the goods, and make detailed records of any problems found. Isolate the goods with problems, report to the relevant departments, and contact the shipping department or warehouse to solve them in time. 7.6, 7 Goods processing quality control
The business group will reprocess some goods according to the business situation. The enterprise manager can choose to use the relevant key points of the GB/T1900S standard according to the degree of processing and technical conditions of the goods to control the quality of the goods and the process. 7.6.8 Product sales quality control
7.6.8.1 Overview
Product sales is a service of providing products, which is the contact surface between product management organizations and customers. Product sales is not only a window for the management organization to reflect its management quality, but also a manifestation of its ability to make quality commitments to customers. Most customers also gradually build up their trust in the quality assurance ability of management organizations through contact, observation and experience when purchasing products. Whether it is products, or problems in the environment, facilities and service quality of staff, it may lead to customer dissatisfaction. It is not enough to rely solely on product quality control to control sales quality. 7.6.8.2 Job (counter) work procedures and specifications Product management organizations should be based on specific operational activities, and the system is the work procedures and specifications (operation instructions) of sales positions. Specific quantitative and qualitative criteria must be established for each step and stage of product provision.4. Selection of qualified subcontractors
The subcontractor shall demonstrate the ability to supply goods that meet the requirements of the bid, drawings and contract. The methods for confirming this ability include one or more of the following: On-site assessment and evaluation of the subcontractor's ability and achievements and the quality system elements required for quality assurance: - Evaluation of subcontractor's samples: - Comparison of the performance and product quality of the selected subcontractor with similar subcontractors; - Experience of other operators.
During the implementation of the contract, if the subcontractor verifies whether it meets the specified requirements, the corresponding quality records shall be kept to ensure that the historical situation and data of the assessment of the subcontractor's ability and quality-based tendency are available for reference. 7.6.3.5 Goods acceptance (certification)
The goods shall be fully accepted (certified) according to the product quality standards or acceptance standards, and a clear agreement shall be reached with the subcontractor on the acceptance (certification) method, and it shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 7.7.3.2. Such as including variety, quantity, color, specification, grade, packaging and required accompanying documents, etc., and consistent with the contract and invoice.
After the goods are inspected and accepted, detailed records shall be kept and clear marks shall be made in time. 7.6.4 Goods Transportation Quality Control
7.6.4.1 Goods management (transportation) organizations or enterprises shall formulate documents and operating procedures for goods transportation quality control, minimize or eliminate factors that cause changes in goods quality, and ensure that goods are intact during transportation. 7.6.4.2 Goods transportation tools and equipment shall be protected from sun, rain, dust, etc. Special requirements and measures shall be taken for the transportation of special goods. 7.6.4.3 The operation procedures for product transportation should include the following: 1) When loading and unloading and carrying goods, they should be handled with care according to the nature of different types of goods, refer to the product signs and precautions, and wild loading and unloading is strictly prohibited to reduce human damage, for example: 1) Some goods cannot be tilted or placed, 2) Fragile goods should be handled with care; 3) Vibration-intolerant goods should be prevented from being hit; 4) Timely loading and unloading of fresh and fragile goods and preservation measures; 5) Dangerous goods should be classified separately and loaded and unloaded carefully. 6) Reasonable stacking and proper padding. Package: 7) Pay attention to the direction signs; 8) Do not exceed the width; 9) Avoid heavy items pressing light items and large items pressing small items to prevent damage during transportation; 10) Fixing measures to prevent collision, falling or loss; 11) Take measures to cover and pad to prevent the goods from being affected by changes in natural weather conditions. ) For special goods or goods with special requirements, as well as when the transportation span is large, the roads and climates are very different, special transportation tools should be used, or special protective measures should be adopted. d) If necessary, the goods can be repackaged to prevent vibration, impact, moisture, rust, etc. e) According to the nature, value, weight, quantity, volume, packaging and other conditions of the goods, the transportation method should be reasonably selected and the best solution should be adopted. For example: if it can be reached, no transfer, if it can be transported together, no segmentation, etc. 7.6.5 Goods storage quality control
Goods storage is the stay of goods in the circulation process. GB/T 16868—1997
Commodity management (transportation) organizations or enterprises should formulate a sound storage management and quality control scope, and determine appropriate storage conditions and maintenance measures according to the nature of the commodities and the impact of external factors on the commodities, so as to prevent the loss and quality reduction of the commodities, 7.6.5.1 The storage of commodities should have appropriate facilities, such as: - warehouses or places suitable for the nature of the stored commodities, - conditions and measures to maintain the quality of commodities; - equipment or facilities to ensure the safety of commodities, - clear signs and toilets! - the number of warehouse personnel should be suitable for the number and variety of the stored commodities, and they should have the necessary knowledge and skills. 7.6.5.2 A commodity protection and maintenance system should be established and effectively implemented. To avoid: deterioration or rusting of commodities due to factors and changes in temperature and humidity; product damage or pests caused by incomplete facilities or damage to equipment; harm caused by improper storage of flammable, explosive and volatile commodities; leakage and aging of commodities.
7.6.5.3 The organization should formulate internal management standards to ensure: - Strict entry and exit procedures, acceptance by warehouse personnel, review of exit, regular inventory, check-up, and consistency between accounts and goods; - Different types of goods are stored and managed by category, and goods with problems are stored separately with obvious signs; - Special goods or goods with special requirements are stored in special warehouses; - Mixing of goods that may cause pollution, toxicity or physical and chemical changes is prohibited; - Stacking and padding;
Goods are shipped out of the warehouse on a "first in, first out" basis, with "the one with the earliest expiration date first out"; - Dangerous goods are clearly marked and handled in accordance with relevant requirements for dangerous goods management. 7.6-5.4 Spot check
Spot checks should be carried out on goods after they enter the warehouse. Goods with problems should be removed in a timely manner, records should be kept, and reports should be made to relevant departments so as to quickly identify the causes and prevent the recurrence of the problems.
7.6.6 Goods distribution quality control
Goods distribution includes the distribution of goods from wholesalers to dealers, the distribution of goods within organizations, and the distribution of chain enterprises. 7.6.6.1 When distributing goods, the variety, specification, model, price, quantity, packaging and other items of the goods should be checked item by item according to the delivery note or bill of lading, and the delivery and handover procedures should be verified. 7.6.6.2 The short-distance transportation and loading and unloading of the distributed goods should comply with the requirements of 7.6.4. 7.6.6.3 The consignee should check or spot check the quality of the goods, and make detailed records of any problems found. Isolate the goods with problems, report to the relevant departments, and contact the shipping department or warehouse to solve them in time. 7.6, 7 Goods processing quality control
The business group will reprocess some goods according to the business situation. The enterprise manager can choose to use the relevant key points of the GB/T1900S standard according to the degree of processing and technical conditions of the goods to control the quality of the goods and the process. 7.6.8 Product sales quality control
7.6.8.1 Overview
Product sales is a service of providing products, which is the contact surface between product management organizations and customers. Product sales is not only a window for the management organization to reflect its management quality, but also a manifestation of its ability to make quality commitments to customers. Most customers also gradually build up their trust in the quality assurance ability of management organizations through contact, observation and experience when purchasing products. Whether it is products, or problems in the environment, facilities and service quality of staff, it may lead to customer dissatisfaction. It is not enough to rely solely on product quality control to control sales quality. 7.6.8.2 Job (counter) work procedures and specifications Product management organizations should be based on specific operational activities, and the system is the work procedures and specifications (operation instructions) of sales positions. Specific quantitative and qualitative criteria must be established for each step and stage of product provision.4. Selection of qualified subcontractors
The subcontractor shall demonstrate the ability to supply goods that meet the requirements of the bid, drawings and contract. The methods for confirming this ability include one or more of the following: On-site assessment and evaluation of the subcontractor's ability and achievements and the quality system elements required for quality assurance: - Evaluation of subcontractor's samples: - Comparison of the performance and product quality of the selected subcontractor with similar subcontractors; - Experience of other operators.
During the implementation of the contract, if the subcontractor verifies whether it meets the specified requirements, the corresponding quality records shall be kept to ensure that the historical situation and data of the assessment of the subcontractor's ability and quality-based tendency are available for reference. 7.6.3.5 Goods acceptance (certification)
The goods shall be fully accepted (certified) according to the product quality standards or acceptance standards, and a clear agreement shall be reached with the subcontractor on the acceptance (certification) method, and it shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 7.7.3.2. Such as including variety, quantity, color, specification, grade, packaging and required accompanying documents, etc., and consistent with the contract and invoice.
After the goods are inspected and accepted, detailed records shall be kept and clear marks shall be made in time. 7.6.4 Goods Transportation Quality Control
7.6.4.1 Goods management (transportation) organizations or enterprises shall formulate documents and operating procedures for goods transportation quality control, minimize or eliminate factors that cause changes in goods quality, and ensure that goods are intact during transportation. 7.6.4.2 Goods transportation tools and equipment shall be protected from sun, rain, dust, etc. Special requirements and measures shall be taken for the transportation of special goods. 7.6.4.3 The operation procedures for product transportation should include the following: 1) When loading and unloading and carrying goods, they should be handled with care according to the nature of different types of goods, refer to the product signs and precautions, and wild loading and unloading is strictly prohibited to reduce human damage, for example: 1) Some goods cannot be tilted or placed, 2) Fragile goods should be handled with care; 3) Vibration-intolerant goods should be prevented from being hit; 4) Timely loading and unloading of fresh and fragile goods and preservation measures; 5) Dangerous goods should be classified separately and loaded and unloaded carefully. 6) Reasonable stacking and proper padding. Package: 7) Pay attention to the direction signs; 8) Do not exceed the width; 9) Avoid heavy items pressing light items and large items pressing small items to prevent damage during transportation; 10) Fixing measures to prevent collision, falling or loss; 11) Take measures to cover and pad to prevent the goods from being affected by changes in natural weather conditions. ) For special goods or goods with special requirements, as well as when the transportation span is large, the roads and climates are very different, special transportation tools should be used, or special protective measures should be adopted. d) If necessary, the goods can be repackaged to prevent vibration, impact, moisture, rust, etc. e) According to the nature, value, weight, quantity, volume, packaging and other conditions of the goods, the transportation method should be reasonably selected and the best solution should be adopted. For example: if it can be reached, no transfer, if it can be transported together, no segmentation, etc. 7.6.5 Goods storage quality control
Goods storage is the stay of goods in the circulation process. GB/T 16868—1997
Commodity management (transportation) organizations or enterprises should formulate a sound storage management and quality control scope, and determine appropriate storage conditions and maintenance measures according to the nature of the commodities and the impact of external factors on the commodities, so as to prevent the loss and quality reduction of the commodities, 7.6.5.1 The storage of commodities should have appropriate facilities, such as: - warehouses or places suitable for the nature of the stored commodities, - conditions and measures to maintain the quality of commodities; - equipment or facilities to ensure the safety of commodities, - clear signs and toilets! - the number of warehouse personnel should be suitable for the number and variety of the stored commodities, and they should have the necessary knowledge and skills. 7.6.5.2 A commodity protection and maintenance system should be established and effectively implemented. To avoid: deterioration or rusting of commodities due to factors and changes in temperature and humidity; product damage or pests caused by incomplete facilities or damage to equipment; harm caused by improper storage of flammable, explosive and volatile commodities; leakage and aging of commodities.
7.6.5.3 The organization should formulate internal management standards to ensure: - Strict entry and exit procedures, acceptance by warehouse personnel, review of exit, regular inventory, check-up, and consistency between accounts and goods; - Different types of goods are stored and managed by category, and goods with problems are stored separately with obvious signs; - Special goods or goods with special requirements are stored in special warehouses; - Mixing of goods that may cause pollution, toxicity or physical and chemical changes is prohibited; - Stacking and padding;
Goods are shipped out of the warehouse on a "first in, first out" basis, with "the one with the earliest expiration date first out"; - Dangerous goods are clearly marked and handled in accordance with relevant requirements for dangerous goods management. 7.6-5.4 Spot check
Spot checks should be carried out on goods after they enter the warehouse. Goods with problems should be removed in a timely manner, records should be kept, and reports should be made to relevant departments so as to quickly identify the causes and prevent the recurrence of the problems.
7.6.6 Goods distribution quality control
Goods distribution includes the distribution of goods from wholesalers to dealers, the distribution of goods within organizations, and the distribution of chain enterprises. 7.6.6.1 When distributing goods, the variety, specification, model, price, quantity, packaging and other items of the goods should be checked item by item according to the delivery note or bill of lading, and the delivery and handover procedures should be verified. 7.6.6.2 The short-distance transportation and loading and unloading of the distributed goods should comply with the requirements of 7.6.4. 7.6.6.3 The consignee should check or spot check the quality of the goods, and make detailed records of any problems found. Isolate the goods with problems, report to the relevant departments, and contact the shipping department or warehouse to solve them in time. 7.6, 7 Goods processing quality control
The business group will reprocess some goods according to the business situation. The enterprise manager can choose to use the relevant key points of the GB/T1900S standard according to the degree of processing and technical conditions of the goods to control the quality of the goods and the process. 7.6.8 Product sales quality control
7.6.8.1 Overview
Product sales is a service of providing products, which is the contact surface between product management organizations and customers. Product sales is not only a window for the management organization to reflect its management quality, but also a manifestation of its ability to make quality commitments to customers. Most customers also gradually build up their trust in the quality assurance ability of management organizations through contact, observation and experience when purchasing products. Whether it is products, or problems in the environment, facilities and service quality of staff, it may lead to customer dissatisfaction. It is not enough to rely solely on product quality control to control sales quality. 7.6.8.2 Job (counter) work procedures and specifications Product management organizations should be based on specific operational activities, and the system is the work procedures and specifications (operation instructions) of sales positions. Specific quantitative and qualitative criteria must be established for each step and stage of product provision.1. Balance, tt||-Fragile goods should be handled with care; 2. Avoid impact on vibration-resistant goods; 3. Timely loading and unloading of fresh and volatile goods and preservation measures; 4. Separate classification and careful loading and unloading of dangerous goods. 5. Reasonable stacking and proper padding. 6. Packaging: 7. Pay attention to the direction and mark 8. Do not overload or oversize; 9. Avoid heavy goods over light goods and large goods over small goods to prevent goods from being crushed during transportation; 10. Fix the goods to prevent collision, falling or loss; 11. Take measures to cover and pad the goods to prevent the goods from being affected by changes in natural climate conditions. 12. For special goods or goods with special requirements, as well as goods with large transportation spans, roads and climates, special transportation tools should be used, or special protective measures should be adopted. d) If necessary, the goods can be repackaged to prevent vibration, impact, moisture, rust, etc. e) According to the nature, value, weight, quantity, volume, packaging and other conditions of the goods, the transportation method should be reasonably selected and the best solution should be adopted. For example: if it can be reached, no transfer, if it can be transported by multiple means, no segmentation, etc. 7.6.5 Commodity storage quality control
Commodity storage is the stay of the goods in the circulation process. GB/T 16868—1997
Commodity management (transportation) organizations or enterprises should formulate the scope of storage management and quality control, and determine the appropriate storage conditions and maintenance measures according to the nature of the goods and the impact of external factors on the goods, so as to prevent the loss and quality reduction of the goods, 7.6.5.1 The storage of goods should have facilities that meet the requirements of the enterprise, such as: - a warehouse or place suitable for the nature of the goods to be stored; - conditions and measures to maintain the quality of the goods; - equipment or facilities to ensure the safety of the goods; - marked toilets! 1. The number of warehouse personnel should be in accordance with the number and variety of goods to be stored, and they should have the necessary knowledge and skills. 7.6.5.2 A commodity protection and maintenance system should be established and implemented effectively to avoid: deterioration or rust of goods due to factors and changes in humidity and temperature; product damage or rodent infestation caused by incomplete facilities or damaged equipment; harm caused by improper storage of flammable, explosive, and volatile goods; leakage and aging of goods.
7.6.5.3 The organization should formulate internal management standards to ensure: - Strict entry and exit procedures, acceptance by warehouse personnel, review of exit, regular inventory, check-up, and consistency between accounts and goods; - Different types of goods are stored and managed by category, and goods with problems are stored separately with obvious signs; - Special goods or goods with special requirements are stored in special warehouses; - Mixing of goods that may cause pollution, toxicity or physical and chemical changes is prohibited; - Stacking and padding;
Goods are shipped out of the warehouse on a "first in, first out" basis, with "the one with the earliest expiration date first out"; - Dangerous goods are clearly marked and handled in accordance with relevant requirements for dangerous goods management. 7.6-5.4 Spot check
Spot checks should be carried out on goods after they enter the warehouse. Goods with problems should be removed in a timely manner, records should be kept, and reports should be made to relevant departments so as to quickly identify the causes and prevent the recurrence of the problems.
7.6.6 Goods distribution quality control
Goods distribution includes the distribution of goods from wholesalers to dealers, the distribution of goods within organizations, and the distribution of chain enterprises. 7.6.6.1 When distributing goods, the variety, specification, model, price, quantity, packaging and other items of the goods should be checked item by item according to the delivery note or bill of lading, and the delivery and handover procedures should be verified. 7.6.6.2 The short-distance transportation and loading and unloading of the distributed goods should comply with the requirements of 7.6.4. 7.6.6.3 The consignee should check or spot check the quality of the goods, and make detailed records of any problems found. Isolate the goods with problems, report to the relevant departments, and contact the shipping department or warehouse to solve them in time. 7.6, 7 Goods processing quality control
The business group will reprocess some goods according to the business situation. The enterprise manager can choose to use the relevant key points of the GB/T1900S standard according to the degree of processing and technical conditions of the goods to control the quality of the goods and the process. 7.6.8 Product sales quality control
7.6.8.1 Overview
Product sales is a service of providing products, which is the contact surface between product management organizations and customers. Product sales is not only a window for the management organization to reflect its management quality, but also a manifestation of its ability to make quality commitments to customers. Most customers also gradually build up their trust in the quality assurance ability of management organizations through contact, observation and experience when purchasing products. Whether it is products, or problems in the environment, facilities and service quality of staff, it may lead to customer dissatisfaction. It is not enough to rely solely on product quality control to control sales quality. 7.6.8.2 Job (counter) work procedures and specifications Product management organizations
Tip: This standard content only shows part of the intercepted content of the complete standard. If you need the complete standard, please go to the top to download the complete standard document for free.