GB/T 15043-1994 Measurement methods for photoelectric parameters of incandescent lamps
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Methods for measuring electrical and luminous parameters of incandescent lamps
Methods for measuring electrical and luminous parameters of incandescent lamps1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15043--94
Replaces GBn15381
This standard specifies the measuring system and measuring methods for the electrical parameters and total luminous flux, luminous intensity, luminous intensity distribution curve, and color temperature (hereinafter referred to as luminous flux, luminous intensity, luminous intensity distribution curve, and color temperature) of incandescent lamps. This standard applies to incandescent lamps using tungsten as the luminous material. This standard does not apply to standard lamps and incandescent lamps with spectrally selective glass bulbs and spectrally selective reflectors. 2 Reference standards
GR7451 Terminology of electric light sources
3 Terms, symbols, codes
In addition to the terms used in this standard, the following shall be added: 3.1 Total luminous flux
The luminous flux emitted by the light source in a 4π space. The symbol is more, and the unit is lumen (Im). 3.2 Luminous intensity distribution
The luminous intensity of the light source at a series of specified directional angles. The symbol is t(,); the unit is candela (cd). 3.3 Color temperature standard lamp
It is a measuring instrument that stores and transmits the color temperature value. The light intensity standard lamp or other suitable incandescent lamp can be used as the color temperature standard lamp.
4 Measurement system
4.1 Power supply and electrical measurement system
The bulb can be powered by DC and AC power supply. The power supply and electrical measurement circuit are shown in Figure 1. The wiring of the voltmeter used must be directly led out from the lamp head. The DC and AC power supply systems are recommended to use the circuits provided in Appendix A (Supplement). Power supply
Through - Ammeter; - Voltmeter; - Light bulb
Approved by the National Technical Supervision Bureau on April 12, 1994 and implemented on December 1, 1994
4. 1.1 Power supply system
GB/T15043·--94
The power of the power supply should be twice the rated power of the bulb being tested: the power supply system should be able to smoothly adjust from low voltage to the rated power of the bulb, and can be adjusted roughly and finely in a wide range; b.
The instability of the power supply should be less than 0.2%!
d. The AC power supply should be a sine wave with a frequency of 50Hz; the ripple factor of the DC power supply should be less than 0.2%. e.
4.1.2 Electrical measuring instruments
The accuracy level of the selected instrument should not be lower than 0.5 level, and the measuring limit of the instrument should be selected appropriately. When using a pointer instrument, the reading should be guaranteed to exceed 2/3 of the full scale during measurement; when using a digital instrument, the number of effective digits of the measured value should not be less than three. 4.2 Photometric system
The level of the standard bulb used for testing light parameters should not be lower than level 3, and there should be no less than 3 lamps of each specification. The photometric standard bulb should be stored in a dry, non-corrosive gas and vibration-free environment, and should be protected from impact and overvoltage when used. 4.2.1 Luminous flux measurement system
The luminous flux measurement system is shown in Figure 2.
The total uncertainty of the measurement should not be greater than 2.5% (excluding the error of the photometric standard bulb). The verification method is shown in Appendix B (Supplement). a
1—Integrating sphere; 2—Frosted window glass 13-Neutral dimming glass: 4-Photoelectric receiver; 5—Indicator; 6--Positive filter glass; 7 Shutter: 8 Screen; 9·Bulb
4.2.1.1 Sphere
4.2.1.1. 1 Integrating sphere
a. The light tightness of the integrating sphere should be good, the radius of curvature of the sphere should be basically the same, the accessories inside the sphere should be as few as possible, and the inner surface and accessories of the sphere must be sprayed with a white coating with stable chemical properties, good diffuse reflection characteristics, and a spectral reflectivity close to neutral. For sphere coating and formula, please refer to Appendix C (reference):
b. The diameter of the integrating sphere measurement window 1 shall not exceed 50mm; c. The diameter of the integrating sphere selected for measuring the luminous flux of bulbs of different powers shall comply with the provisions of Table 1. Lamp power P
5≤P15
15≤P<200
200≤,P<1 500
1500≤P<10000
4. 2. 1. 1.2 Lamp holder
GB/T 1504394
Integrating sphere diameter D
The lamp holder of the standard photometric lamp should be positioned so that the lamp burns vertically with the lamp head at the top. The lamp holder cover of the lamp to be tested should make the lamp comply with the burning position and direction specified in the product standard, and the luminous centre of the lamp should be located as close as possible to the centre of the integrating sphere. 4.2.1.1.3 Screen
The center of the screen, the center of the measuring window and the center of the sphere should be on the same axis, and the plane of the screen and the plane of the measuring window should be perpendicular to the axis a.
The distance between the screen and the center of the sphere should be 1/2 to 1/3 of the radius of the integrating sphere; the size of the screen should be as small as possible, and the shape is not limited, but it must be ensured that no part of the bulb can be seen from the measuring window. 4.2.1.1.4 Window frosted glass
The window frosted glass should be connected to the inner surface of the integrating sphere. If single-sided frosted glass is used, the rough surface should face the center of the sphere a.
The transmittance of the window frosted glass in the visible light region should be close to neutral. b
4.2.1.2 Photometric measurement system
4.2.1.2.1 Photometric receiver
Use a photoelectric receiver with good stability. The harmonic sensitivity of the photoelectric receiver combined with the correction filter and the integrating sphere should strive to meet the spectral light efficiency V of the CIE standard photometric observer (see Appendix D). A shutter can be installed in front of the photoelectric receiver to improve the linearity of the photoelectric output. A 1V conversion output can be used after the photoelectric receiver. 4.2.1.2.2 Indicator
a. The grade of the indicator should not be lower than 0.5, and the effective number read during measurement should not be less than three. After being combined with the photoelectric receiver, it should have good linearity and repeatability within the measurement range, and the nonlinear error within the working range should not be greater than 0.5%, and the relative deviation between the single reading and the average value measured should not be greater than 0.7%. 4.2.1.2.3 Dimmer
Neutral gray corrugated glass (AB6 type is recommended), frosted corrugated glass or frosted opal glass can be used as dimmers. Their transmittance in the visible light region should be close to neutral.
4.2.1.3 Photometric standard bulb
The color temperature, light intensity distribution and total luminous flux value of the selected total luminous flux standard bulb should be similar to those of the bulb being tested. If the above characteristics of the bulb being tested and the standard bulb are far different, they must be corrected. 4.2.2 Light intensity measurement system
The light intensity measurement system is shown in Figure 3.
4.2.2.1 Light track
GB/T 15043--94
1 Black velvet 12---Block screen, 3-Bulb under test; 4--Light bar; 5 Photometric measurement system; 6-LightWww.bzxZ.net
The light track should be straight, with a length of not less than 3m, and the minimum scale of the light track ruler is 1mm! b.
The light stand should be able to be adjusted up, down, left, right, tilted, tilted, and rotated. There are two screens and several light bars. The size and arrangement of the light bar openings should not affect the normal photometric measurement; the black velvet curtain should cover the entire system in Figure 3; the surface of all components should be black to reduce stray light. 4.2.2.2 Photometric measurement system
Illuminance meter and other photometers can be used. The photometer must be calibrated with a light intensity standard lamp when measuring the scene. 4.2.2.3 The light intensity standard lamp should be used for photometry. 4.2.3 Light intensity distribution curve measurement system
The light intensity distribution curve measurement system is shown in Figure 4. The requirements for the light track and photometric measurement system are shown in 4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.2; b.
The minimum division of the indexing disk should not be less than 0.5°; the spindle speed of the rotating device should meet the requirements of the product standard.
1 Black velvet cloth; 2-screen, 3. Photometric measurement system; 4 Light bar: 5-Bulb under test; 6 Reducer 17--Light track
4.2.4 Color temperature measurement system
GB/T 15043—94
4.2.4.1 The system for measuring color temperature by photoelectric method is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5
1-black velvet cloth + 2 screens; 3-bulb to be measured; 4-light bar; 5-blue or red filter glass: 6-photoelectric receiver, 7-indicator 18 light rail. The requirements for light rail are shown in 4.2.2.1;
Use stable photocells or photoelectric tubes as photoelectric receivers. After they are combined with the indicating instrument, it should be ensured that there are more than three valid readings when adding blue or b.
red filter glass, and the repeatability is good; c.The blue filter glass is a combination of QB7 and BL6 glasses. The peak wavelength of the spectrum response of the combination with the photoelectric receiver is approximately 460 nm. For light with a wavelength less than 380 nm, it should drop to zero. The red filter glass is HB13. The peak wavelength of the spectrum response of the combination with the photoelectric receiver is approximately 660 nm. For light with a wavelength greater than 750 nm, it should drop to zero. The wavelength range of the transmitted light of the blue and red filter glasses should not overlap. d. The color temperature standard bulb should have a calibrated color temperature value and a burning point flow curve Tf(i). 4.2.4.2 The color temperature meter must be used in accordance with the conditions required by the product to directly measure the color temperature. 4.3 Inspection of the measurement system
The various measuring instruments and instruments used in the above measurement system must be calibrated by the relevant metering department and used within the validity period of the calibration. The standard lamp group must be inspected at the same time.
5 Measurement steps and calculation methods
Before measuring photoelectric parameters, a bulb with a power similar to that of the bulb to be measured must be ignited in the bulb for 10 to 15 minutes to bake the bulb wall and pre-illuminate the receiver so that its sensitivity is relatively stable during operation. 5.1 Electrical parameter measurement steps and calculation methods
5.1.1 Electrical parameter measurement should be carried out after the power supply is stable. 5.1.2 Connect the bulb to the electrical measurement system, adjust the power supply so that the voltage is close to the rated value, preheat the bulb to be measured appropriately, and adjust the power supply voltage to the rated value U of the bulb after the light emission is stable. Record the ammeter reading 1. 5.1.3 The current 1 of the bulb is calculated according to formula (1): II -U./R,
Where: R—-internal resistance of the voltmeter.
5.1.4 The power P of the bulb is calculated according to formula (2): P=U
5.2 Luminous flux measurement steps and calculation method
5.2.1 Luminous flux measurement steps
（1）
（2）
GB/T15043-94
5.2.1.1 Before and after the start of the test of the bulb, select two standard light measuring bulbs according to the requirements of 4.2.1.3, whose luminous flux are snow and respectively, put them into the integrating sphere, and read the readings of the digital instrument M1 and M2 after preheating. 5.2.1.2 Put the bulbs to be tested into the integrating sphere in sequence and burn them at the required rated voltage. Record the readings of the digital instruments of several bulbs to be tested in mm.
5.2.1.3 Calculation of average luminous flux constant: Calculate the luminous flux constant C, (i=2) of a single standard bulb: C, --Weight/M.
Then calculate the average luminous flux constant:
C=(GI+C)/2
Calculate the relative deviation of the luminous flux constant of each standard lamp from the average value: 18 = [AC/C/ = 1(C, - C)/C1≤ 1%. If it does not meet the requirements, the third standard lamp must be used to check and recalculate C. (3)
(4)
Only when the test system and standard lamps are stable can the luminous flux constant C of a single standard lamp be calculated instead of C. 5.2.1.4 Luminous flux of the lamp under test:
@,= mu·C
5.2.2 Luminous intensity measurement steps
The measurement is carried out in a dark room.
-（6)
5.2.2.1 Install the bulb to be tested on the lamp holder, adjust the luminous center of the bulb to be tested, the center of the light bar and the center of the receiver to make them on the same axis parallel to the light track, which is called the optical axis. The direction of measuring the light intensity of the bulb to be tested is consistent with the optical axis and perpendicular to the receiving surface of the receiver. 5.2.2.2 The position of the light bar should be arranged appropriately to ensure that the entire luminous surface of the bulb to be tested can be seen from any point on the surface of the photoelectric receiver.
Two screens are placed on the back of the bulb to be tested and the receiver respectively to ensure that the background is black. 5.2.2.3 Ignite the bulb to be tested at rated voltage, adjust the distance between the bulb and the receiver so that it is not less than the photometric limit distance specified in the product standard, and the photometer reading should be greater than half of the full scale or ensure that there are three significant digits. 5.2.2.4 The light intensity of the measured bulb in the measuring direction is calculated according to formula (7): I, = E
Wherein: I,--light intensity of the measured bulb, cd; l,--the distance from the luminous surface of the measured bulb to the receiving surface of the photoelectric receiver, m; E--illuminance value at a distance of 1, l. 5.2.3 Measurement steps and calculation method of light intensity distribution curve The measurement is carried out in a dark room.
5.2.3.1 Measurement steps are shown in 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.2.2. The moonlight axis coincides with the main axis of the rotating device. 7
5.2.3.2 Ignite the tested bulb at rated voltage and measure the illumination values E(,E()), (,0,),.E(o.) when the tested bulb rotates along its axis or in one or several selected angular directions and makes an angle of,,,,, with the optical axis according to the requirements of the product standard.
GB/T 15043-94
5.2.3.3 The light intensity in the direction of the angle of 6 between the axis of the tested bulb and the optical axis is calculated according to formula (8): I,(g,0,) = E(pure,0,) ·( 1,2,,n) where: I,(,8,)—light intensity in the direction of 8, angle with the optical axis when the axis of the measured bulb is at an angle of !, cd,l.—-the distance from the luminous center of the measured bulb to the receiving surface of the receiver, mE(g,8,)—illuminance value at a distance of 1 in the corresponding direction, after calculation according to the measured value, draw the I,(9,6,)-0 light intensity distribution curve. .(8)
Note: The light intensity distribution curve can also be measured by other types of distribution photometers. In the absence of an appropriate luminous flux standard lamp, the total luminous flux of the light source can also be calculated based on the light intensity distribution curve.
5.2.4 Color temperature measurement steps
The measurement is carried out in a dark room. || tt||5.2.4.1 Steps for measuring color temperature using the photoelectric method:
8. Install the color temperature standard bulb and the bulb to be measured on the lamp holder in sequence. The adjustment method is shown in 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.2.2; b. Adjust the distance between the color temperature standard bulb and the photoelectric receiver so that the measurement system has sufficient response. Keep the distance between the color temperature standard bulb and the receiving surface of the photoelectric receiver unchanged. According to the Tf(i) characteristic, adjust the current at the corresponding color temperature value. After the light emission of the lamp is stable, alternately use the blue and red filter glasses and record the readings of each group at the corresponding color temperature on the digital meter. i1itbi2i3, im Note: n ≥ 3.
c. Calculate the blue-red ratio of the n color temperature standard bulbs: (b/ r),=is/in(b/r)2=iz/in,(b/),=3/irg,*\,(b/),=im/id． Draw the color temperature value and blue-red ratio curve of the photoelectric receiver, that is, T.-(b/t) curve e. Light the bulb under test at rated voltage, adjust the distance between the bulb under test and the photoelectric receiving surface, so that the scene measurement system has enough response, keep the distance between the bulb under test and the photoelectric receiver receiving surface unchanged, alternately use blue and red filter glasses, and record the respective readings on the indicating instrument and
f. Calculate the blue-red ratio of the bulb under test (6/r); g. Find the blue-red ratio of the bulb under test on the T-(b/t) curve of the photoelectric receiver as (b/ r) The color temperature value corresponding to it. 5.2.4.2 A color temperature meter can be used for general measurement, and the spectral radiometry method can be used for precise measurement. GB/T15043-94
Appendix A
Power supply and electrical measurement circuit diagram
(Supplement)
Electrical measurement circuit of power supply system
DC power supply system
Figure A3 Low-voltage bulb power supply system
T,-voltage regulating transformer (regulation); T—voltage regulating transformer (fine adjustment); T;-step-down transformer (220V/6.3V～24V) T,--transformer for low-voltage lamps (the step-down ratio is selected according to the rated voltage of the bulb to be measured) B1 calculation method
GB/T 15043—94
Appendix B
Recommended method for verification of measurement system uncertainty (supplement)
When the standard bulb and the bulb under test have similar color temperature and similar light distribution, the uncertainty of the system is verified by the following items. B1.1 Use the method in 5.2.1.3 of this standard to compare the average luminous flux constant of each bulb in the standard lamp group, and then calculate the average of each standard push lamp and its lamp group and <
B1.2 Determine that the nonlinear error of the measurement system is 0.5%. B1.3 The relative deviation of a single reading to the average value is 0.7%. B1.4 Calculation of measurement uncertainty:
U = 1% + 0.5% + 0.7% = 2.2% When considering the differences in color temperature and light distribution, the uncertainty is relaxed to 2.5% B2 Experimental method
Select 3 bulbs with stable light emission, measure their luminous flux according to the method specified in this standard, and then send them to the relevant departments or quality inspection agencies to measure their luminous flux under the same conditions. The relative deviation between the two is less than 2.5%. Appendix C
Recommended coatings and formulations for integrating sphere
(reference)
Weight-to-basis ratio
Barium sulfate (chemically pure)
Polyvinyl alcohol
Distilled water
Wavelength, nm
GB/T 15043-94
Appendix D
Spectral light efficiency V of CIE standard photometric observer (reference)
Spectral light efficiency V
Wavelength, nm
Spectral light efficiency V
Additional notes
This standard was proposed by China Light Industry General Association.
GB/T 15043-94
This standard was drafted by the National Center for Standardization of Electric Light Sources. This standard was drafted by Shanghai Yaming Light Bulb Factory. The main drafters of this standard were Wang Wenqie and Zhang Chaoan. The first revisions of this standard were Wang Wenming and Su Yaokang
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