GB 12664-1990 Technical conditions for portable X-ray safety inspection equipment
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Portable radiation safety inspection equipment
Technical conditions
Specification for portable
X-Ray security inspect equipment1 Subject content and scope of application||tt| |GB12664—90
This standard specifies the technical requirements and test methods for portable X-ray safety inspection equipment. It is the basis for the design and manufacture of portable X-ray safety inspection equipment and the formulation of technical conditions for various types of portable X-ray safety inspection equipment. in accordance with. This standard applies to all types of portable X-ray safety inspection equipment with working voltages of 30 to 150kV used in on-site explosion-proof safety inspections.
2 Reference Standards
GB2828 Batch-by-batch inspection and counting sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to inspections of continuous batches) GB2829 Periodic inspection and counting sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to inspections of production process stability) GB5080.7 Equipment reliability test, verification test plan for failure rate and mean time between failures under the assumption of constant failure rate GB191 Packaging, storage and transportation pictorial mark
3 terms
Portable X-ray safety inspection equipment PortableX-Raysecurityinspectequipment refers to X-ray security inspection equipment weighing less than 40kg. It is generally composed of X-ray generator, X-ray image conversion device and other components.
4 Technical Requirements
4.1 General Requirements
The design and manufacture of portable In a single fault state, it should not cause harm to the user and the surrounding environment. The design and manufacture of the equipment should be easy to carry, and necessary personal protection measures should be taken.
The performance of accessories used with X-ray safety inspection equipment should meet the relevant requirements stipulated in product standards 4.2 Appearance and structural requirements| |tt||4.2.1 Appearance
The overall dimensions of the whole machine should be consistent with the drawings, the appearance should be neat and beautiful, and the surface should be smooth and smooth, with uniform color and no obvious scratches. The control mechanism is flexible and the signs are clear and eye-catching.
4.2.2 Structure
The mechanical structure of portable X-ray safety inspection equipment must meet the following requirements: non-detachable parts should be strong and reliable, and detachable parts should be simple, flexible, durable, and have anti-loosening measures; Portable equipment should have one or more properly positioned handles. The handles shall not be detached from the equipment or shall be approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on December 28, 1990 and implemented on October 01, 1991
GB12664-90|| tt||Permanent deformation occurs; the AC power supply lead should be able to withstand a tensile force of 19.6N for 60 seconds without damage; the connector of the connecting cable should be reasonably designed to facilitate connection and removal.
4.2.2.1 The X-ray tube should be firmly fixed and have adequate anti-seismic measures. 4.2.2.2 The sealing parts of the X-ray generator should maintain good sealing performance and be free of leakage. 4.2.2.3 The protection level of the shell should be able to prevent tools and metal wires with a thickness (or diameter) greater than 2.5mm from touching live parts or moving parts in the shell. The casing should have sufficient mechanical strength and rigidity, and its assembly should ensure that the functions of the sealing structure and internal components are not affected by vibrations that may occur under specified conditions.
4.3 Performance Requirements
4.3.1 Functions
X-ray safety inspection equipment should complete various items specified in product standards under normal working conditions and when operating normally according to the product instructions. Function.
4.3.2 Allowable error range of tube voltage
The error of the working tube voltage of the X-ray generator should not exceed ±7%. 4.3.3 Allowable error range of tube current
The tube current error of the X-ray generator should not exceed ±10%. 4.3.4 Penetration capability
The penetration capability of the X-ray generator should not be lower than the value specified by the corresponding operating voltage as shown in Figure 1. Light removal amount
mA·min
100
8
60
50
40
30||tt| |25
20
2
Note: Film, ear-shaped industrial X-ray film
Performance:
Sensitivity 25~40||tt| |Contrast coefficient 3.5~4.5
Grey fog<0.10
Intensifying screen, Pb0.03mm
60kv
80kv
100ky
120kv | : 600mm
Film blackness: 2.0
Development, 20±5℃, 5min.
4.3.5 Comprehensive spatial resolution
GB12664-90
The comprehensive spatial resolution of the X-ray generator should not be less than 1.6LP/mm. 4.3.6 Transillumination sensitivity
The transillumination sensitivity of the X-ray generator should not be less than 2%. 4.3.7 Power supply voltage adaptability range
a AC power supply: single-phase 220V, 50Hz sine wave, the adaptability range of the power supply voltage value is ±10% of the rated value; b. The DC power supply is a rechargeable battery, and its voltage is limited It is ±10% of the rated value. The battery capacity should ensure that the product can work continuously for 2 hours under the condition of high voltage on-off time of 1:1.
4.4 Safety requirements
4.4.1 Insulation performance
4.4.1.1 The insulation resistance of the low-voltage circuit should not be less than 10M2, and the insulation resistance of the low-voltage circuit should not be less than 2M under hot and humid conditions. 4.4.1.2·The electrical strength of the low-voltage circuit should be energized for 1 minute under a 50Hz sine wave of 1.5kV. There should be no breakdown or flying phenomenon. 4.4.1.3 The voltage resistance requirements of the high-voltage circuit should comply with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1 High-voltage circuit withstand voltage requirements
Test conditions
Without X-ray tube
With X-ray tube
4.4.1.4 Leakage current
Loading voltage
1.10X rated voltage
1.07×rated voltage
Loading time
min
1
1
The allowable value of the leakage current of the generator to the ground in the normal state is 0.5mA, and the allowable value of the leakage current of the shell is 0.1mA; the allowable value of the leakage current of the generator in the single fault state is 1.0mA, and the allowable value of the leakage current of the shell is 0.5mA. 4.4.2 Protection performance requirements
4.4.2.1 The X-ray tube head assembly should have a protective layer with sufficient lead equivalent so that the air exposure rate of leakage rays at a distance of 1m from the focus is not greater than 2.58×10-5c/ kg·h, equivalent to 8.73×10=4Gy/h. 4.4.2.2 An aluminum filter plate should be installed at the X-ray window so that the aluminum equivalent of inherent filtration is not less than the value specified in Table 2. Table 2 X-ray window intrinsic filter aluminum equivalent
Tube voltage (kVp)bZxz.net
E<50
50E70
70≤100
100≤||tt ||Aluminum base (mm)
0. 5
1.5
2.0
2.5
4.4.2.3 The X-ray tube head must be equipped with restrictions A light set or light interpretation of the direction and range of a useful ray beam. The protective shielding of the light concentrator or light detector shall be the same as the lead equivalent thickness standard of the tube assembly. 4.4.2.4 For the integral structure X-ray generator, the length of the cable connected to the exposure switch shall not be shorter than 2m. 4.4.2.5. For portable X-ray safety inspection equipment with transparent gauges and fluorescent screen display, the lead glass of the fluorescent screen should have sufficient lead equivalent, and effective shielding protection and other protective measures should be set up around the screen to prevent the operator from The ambient air exposure rate is not greater than 3.87×10-c/kg·h, which is equivalent to 1.31×10-4Gy/h. GB12664-90
4.4.2.6 The product manual should indicate the protective performance of relevant components of the equipment and provide test results of the protective performance. 4.5 Protection device requirements
4.5.1 The perspective exposure switch should be a normally-off button switch, otherwise a perspective time-limiting device should be added. 4.5.2 The controller must be equipped with a display device to indicate the power-on status of the X-ray tube. 4.5.3 The X-ray generator should have a temperature overheating control device. Its setting value is 60±5℃. 4.5.4. There should be overvoltage protection devices when X-rays are generated. Its setting value should be 103~106% of the rated tube voltage. 4.5.5X-ray generators should have overcurrent protection devices. Its setting value should be 110~130% of the rated tube current (if there is no filament transformer, this requirement is not required).
4.5.6 Connection of controller and high-voltage generator 4.5.6.1 Certain measures must be taken to ensure that when the insulation of the high-voltage circuit fails, high voltage will not appear in the low-voltage circuit of the X-ray generator.
4.5.6.2 On the measuring terminals of the controller or other tube currents, the risk of open circuit of the measurement loop must be considered. Where high voltage may occur, voltage protection components should be installed.
4.6 Reliability requirements
The mean time between failures (MTBF) of portable X-ray safety inspection equipment under normal atmospheric conditions is not less than 500h. 4.7 Environmental adaptability requirements
4.7.1 Working environment conditions
Working environment conditions of portable x-ray safety inspection equipment: a. The ambient temperature is -10~40℃;
b. The relative humidity is not greater than 85%;
c, and the atmospheric pressure is 86~106kPa.
4.7.2 Climate environment adaptability requirements
After the portable X-ray safety inspection equipment has been tested in the climate environment under the conditions specified in Table 3, it shall be inspected according to the requirements of Article 4.3.1.
Table 3
Test items
High temperature
Low temperature
Constant humidity and heat
Low temperature storage
4.7.3 Machinery Environmental adaptability test requirements
4.7.3.1 Sinusoidal vibration
a. Frequency range: 10~55Hz;
Test parameters
Temperature
Degree|| tt||duration
temperature
degree
duration
relative humidity
temperature
degree
duration
Degree
Temperature
Duration
Test conditions
45±2℃
2h
-10±2 ℃
2h
93%
40±2℃
24h
40±2℃
16h
b .Amplitude: 0.35mm;
GB12664--90
Duration: If there is a resonance frequency, vibrate at this frequency for 10min, if there is no resonance frequency, vibrate at 35Hz for 10min; c.||tt ||d.
Vibration directions: X, Y, Z directions.
4.7.3.2 Impact
Acceleration: 147m/s*;
a.
b.
Duration: 11ms;
c
Number of impacts: three times each in the X, Y, and Z directions. 4.7.3.3 Transportation (or simulated transportation)
a.
Test mileage 200km;
Highway level: third-class highway (gravel road); b.
Travel Speed: 20~40km/h.
c.
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, generally all tests should be conducted under the following specified conditions: Temperature: 15 ~35℃
Relative humidity: not more than 85%
Atmospheric pressure: 86~106kPa
The fluctuation range of the power supply voltage does not exceed 5% of the rated value. 5.2 Main instruments, meters and tools used for testing 5.2.1 Voltmeter and ammeter, with an accuracy of not less than level 1.0. 5.2.2 The measurement error of ball gap arrester or electrostatic voltmeter shall not exceed ±3%. 5.2.3500V megger.
5.2.4 X-ray protection monitor (used to monitor stray X-rays), the main performance should be as follows: Minimum range: 0~1mR/h; equivalent to 0~~8.73×10-Gy/ h; a
b.
Energy response: 10~60keV±40%;
Reading response time: less than 15s.
c
5.2.5 Semiconductor point thermometer, black meter.
5.2.6. Linear penetrameter.
5.2.7 Penetration ability ladder test card, resolution test card. 5.2.8. Lead intensifying screen (0.03mm) and type III industrial X-ray film. 5.3 Appearance structural inspection
5.3.1 Use measuring tools to inspect the overall dimensions of the product according to the drawings, and conduct visual inspection. It shall comply with the requirements of Articles 4.2.1, 4.2.2.1 and 4.2.2.3.
5.3.2 The X-ray generator is placed at -15±2℃ for 4 hours, then placed at room temperature for 8 hours, and then placed in a thermostat at 65±2℃ (temperature rise gradient of the thermostat is 1C/min) Keep warm for 4 hours, take it out and cool naturally for 8 hours. Visual inspection should meet the requirements of Article 4.2.2.2. 5.4 Functional inspection
Under normal working conditions, operate according to the product instructions and shall meet the requirements of Article 4.3.1. 5.5 Tube voltage measurement (gas-insulated X-ray machines are exempt from the test) According to the high-voltage electrical appliance test method, use the ball gap method or electrostatic voltmeter to measure the X-ray tube voltage. The difference between the actual measured value and the indicated value of the dry voltmeter should comply with 4.3.2 Article requirements.
5.6 Tube current measurement
The tube current measurement of the X-ray generating device shall be measured with a milliammeter and shall comply with the requirements of Article 4.3.3. 5.7 Penetration ability measurement
GB12664-90
Use the penetration ability test card (Appendix A), focal length 600mm, and use type III industrial X-ray film (performance: sensitivity 25 ~ 40. Contrast coefficient 3.5～4.5, fog aversion <0.10) and 0.03mm lead intensifying screen, exposed at rated tube voltage and rated tube current, developed at 20±2°C for 5 minutes, film blackness 2.0, maximum penetration ability should comply with 4.3.4 Article requirements. 5.8 Comprehensive spatial resolution inspection
adopts Appendix B of the resolution test card, and determines directly by visual inspection from the monitor screen or fluorescent screen of the product. 5.9 Transillumination sensitivity measurement
The X-ray generator transillumination sensitivity measurement adopts the test conditions 5.7, using the same linear penetrometer as the material being tested, and placing three penetrometers in the edge area of ??the stepped test block. With the line facing outward and toward the side of the X-ray machine, take the flat value. 5.10 Insulation performance test
5.10.1 Insulation resistance test
Place all switches in the primary circuit in a closed-circuit state, and measure with a 500V megohmmeter between the power terminal and the ground. It should comply with 4.4.1.1 Article requirements.
5.10.2 Electrical strength test
Use voltage test equipment with a power supply of not less than 0.5kVA. The test voltage is applied between each circuit terminal and the ground. It shall not exceed half of the test voltage, and then rise to the specified test voltage value within 10$ and maintain it for 1 minute. It shall comply with the requirements of Article 4.4.1.2.
5.10.3 High-voltage circuit withstand voltage test
When the room temperature is 20 ± 5C, it should be carried out according to the requirements of Article 4.4.1.3. There should be no insulation breakdown. 5.10.4 Leakage current test
Leakage current test: First insulate the x-ray generator from the ground, and connect a 1ks non-inductive resistor and a 0.15μF capacitor in parallel between the two parts where the leakage current is measured. circuit (as shown in Figure 2), then adjust the device power supply voltage to 110% of the rated voltage of the device, measure the voltage value at both ends of the device with an AC millivolt meter, and then use Ohm's law to convert the current value. When measuring, change the polarity of the power supply, repeat the measurement once, and take the largest number as the leakage current value. Leakage current shall comply with the requirements of Article 4.4.1.4. Current direction
0.15μF*5%
HH
1002±1%
Figure 2 Leakage current measurement wiring diagram
Note: Millivolt meter requirements : Reading accuracy: ±5%; Input impedance: >150k2. 5.11 Test of protective performance
5.11.1 Determination of leaked x-rays
Measurement of resistance
X-ray tube head assembly The outlet should be shielded with lead not less than 4mm thick. Under the conditions of the highest working tube voltage and the maximum continuous working current corresponding to this voltage, the measurement using an X-ray protection monitor on a spherical surface 1m away from the focus of the X-ray tube should comply with 4.4. The requirements of Article 2.1. For X-ray generators operating in the pulse state, the cumulative exposure measured under the condition of the maximum number of pulses operating for 1 hour according to the rated capacity of the device shall comply with the requirements of Article 4.4.2.1. 5.11.2. The air exposure rate in the transmission protection area is tested under the conditions of the highest working voltage and the maximum continuous working current corresponding to the voltage, or under the rated working conditions specified in the product manual, using an X-ray protection monitor at the operator's actual working position. For testing, the air exposure rate should comply with the requirements of Article 4.4.2.5.
5.12 Test of temperature overheating control and protection device GB12664-90
Should comply with the requirements of Article 4.5.3.
5.13 Overvoltage protection device test
The tube current is increased to more than 50% of the rated value, and the tube voltage exceeds 3 to 6% of the rated value. When the high-voltage switch of the X-ray generator is turned on, there should be no X-rays occur.
5.14 Overcurrent protection device test
The tube voltage is allowed to reach 80% of the rated value, and the tube current exceeds 10~30% of the rated value. When the high-voltage switch of the X-ray generator is turned on, there should be no X-rays occur.
5.15 High-voltage circuit insulation failure detection method (to be determined) 5.16 Environmental adaptability test
5.16.1 High temperature test
a Test the complete machine under normal environment and usage conditions, according to 4.3 .1 requires inspection. b. According to the requirements of 4.7.2, put the complete test machine into the high temperature box and energize it, so that the temperature rises to the specified value. After the constant temperature reaches the specified duration, check according to the requirements of 4.3.1. Take the test sample out of the high temperature box, restore it to normal atmospheric conditions for 2 hours, and then inspect it according to the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.16.2 Constant humidity and heat test
Turn off the power of the test sample and put it into the humidity and heat box, and conduct the test according to the requirements of 4.7.2. After reaching the specified duration, take it out and immediately follow 4.4.1.1, 4.4.1.2, Section 4.3.1 requires inspection. After 24 hours of recovery under normal atmospheric conditions, check again according to the requirements of Article 4.3.1. 5.16.3 Low temperature test
Put the prototype that has passed the constant temperature and humidity test into the low temperature box and conduct the test according to the requirements of Article 4.7.2. After the temperature drops to the specified value and reaches the specified duration, turn on the power and press Section 4.3.1 requires inspection. Take the test sample out of the cryogenic box, restore it to normal atmospheric conditions for 2 hours, and then inspect it according to the requirements of 4.3.1. 5.16.4 Low-temperature storage test
Put the test prototype into the low-temperature box and conduct the test according to the requirements of 4.7.2. The temperature is reduced to the specified value and reaches the specified duration. The test prototype is restored to the normal temperature in the low-temperature box. Take it out at room temperature, restore it to normal atmospheric conditions for 2 hours, and then inspect it according to the requirements of Section 4.3.1. 5.16.5 Vibration test
Firmly fix the prototype on the vibration table in normal working condition; a.
Conduct vibration response inspection according to the requirements of 4.7.3.1; b.
Vibrate in the three axes of X, Y and Z for 10 minutes each; c.
The prototype should be able to work normally after passing the vibration test, and there should be no loosening, displacement or damage of components. d.
5.16.6 Impact test (excluding X-ray head and camera tube) a.
Fix the prototype firmly on the impact test bench in normal working condition; b.|| tt||Carry out the impact test according to the requirements of Article 4.7.3.2; c
Impact three times in each of the three axis directions of X, Y and Z: d.
After the impact test, the prototype should not have any For obvious damage and deformation, inspect the appearance, structure and normal working performance according to product standards. 5.16.7 Transportation test
Pack the prototype according to the specified requirements and fix it on the rear of the truck or on the simulated transport platform according to the "up" position of the mark. a.
During the test, the The load capacity should be 1/3 of the rated load capacity: b. Carry out the test according to the requirements of Article 4.7.3.3; c. After the test, the prototype should be tested. The prototype should be able to work normally, and there should be no loose components, displacement and damage. 5.17 Inspection of power supply adaptability
GB12664-90
Turn on the power and conduct normal working performance inspection; then adjust the power supply voltage to 198V and 242VAC respectively, and monitor with a voltmeter with an accuracy of not less than 1.0; At the same time, normal working performance inspection is carried out. 5.18 Reliability test
5.18.1 Test conditions
Conduct reliability test under normal atmospheric conditions and within the rated power supply voltage range applied to the test sample. 5.18.2 Test plan
The reliability test shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB5080.7, that is, the reliability qualification test shall be carried out according to the sequential test plan 4:6, and the reliability handover test shall be carried out according to the sequential test plan 4:7 conduct. 5.18.3 Test requirements
During the entire test process, high voltage is applied 4 times every 1 hour, each time lasting 10 seconds, and the sample under test is in the energized state during the rest of the time. The test time should be extended until a judgment of whether it is qualified or not can be made. The test time of each tested sample should not be less than half of the average test time of each sample. When K failures occur during the test, the cumulative relevant test time T is calculated according to the following formula: Th | The corresponding time reading of the third sample in the product. The cumulative relevant test time T until the judgment point without any failure is calculated according to the following formula: T= nt
where: - the total number of samples tested;
t reaches the judgment one by one The corresponding test time of the tested sample at the point. 6 Inspection Rules
6.1 Inspection Classification
6.1.1 Appraisal Inspection
Appraisal inspection should be carried out during design finalization and production finalization. Appraisal inspections should also be carried out when the main design, process, materials and components are changed or when production is resumed.
6.1.2 Quality consistency inspection is divided into four inspection groups: Group A inspection (batch-by-batch): When delivering products, all inspections (small batches). Group B inspection (batch by batch); sampling inspection when delivering products. Group C inspection (period): For continuously produced products, it is conducted every six months. The test samples are randomly selected from the batches that pass the delivery inspection. Group D inspection (cycle): Inspection is conducted during product evaluation. 6.1.3 Test items and sequence
The test items, test sequence, technical requirements, test methods and unqualified classification of various tests are specified in Table 4. Serial number
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
10| |tt||11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18||tt ||19
20
21
22
23
Project
Appearance
Shell protection level||tt ||Functional check
Tube voltage
Tube current
Penetration ability
Resolution
Sensitivity
Insulation resistance||tt| |Low voltage withstand
High voltage withstand
Leakage current
Protection
Protection device
High temperature test
Planting damp heat||tt ||Low temperature test
Low temperature storage
Vibration test
Impact test
Transportation test
Power adaptability
Reliability test|| tt||Technical requirements
4.2.1
4.2.2. 3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4. 3.3||tt ||4.3. 4
4.3. 5
4.3. 6
4. 4.1.1
4. 4.1.2
4. 4. 1. 3
4. 4. 1. 4
4. 4.2
4.5
4. 7. 2
4. 7.2||tt ||4.7.2
4.7.2
4.7.3.1
4.7.3. 2
4.7.3.3
4.3.7||tt ||4.6
Note: Those with "\" in the table indicate projects being carried out. 6.2 Sampling and batching rules
6.2.1 Batch rules
GB12664-90||tt| |Table 4
Test method
5.3
5. 4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8|| tt||5.9
5.10.1
5.10. 2
5.10.3
5.10.4
5.11
5,12
5.13
5. 14
5. 16.1
5.16.2
5.16.3
5.16.4
5.16.5
5.16. 6
5.16.7
5.17
5.18
The batch delivered for inspection shall consist of products from the same production batch 6.2.2 Sampling rules
6.2. 2.1 The number of test samples for identification and inspection should not be less than 3. Unqualified classification
c
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
A
B
B
B| |tt||8
B
B
B
B
Authentication and inspection
V
V|| tt||V
V
V
V
V
V
v
V||tt| |V
V
V
A
Group
V
V
V
V
V
Quality consistency inspection
B
Group
V
V
V
V
V
c
group
V
V
V
V
V| |tt||V
V
V
V
V
V
D
group||tt ||V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
6:2.2.2 In the quality consistency inspection, Group A inspection is a full number inspection. The number of samples for Group B inspection is randomly selected according to the regulations in GB2828 (Table C1 in Appendix C). The number of samples for group C and group D inspection shall be randomly selected according to the provisions of the one-time sampling plan for discrimination level I of GB2829 (Table D1 in Appendix D).
6.2.3 Determination Rules
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