CJJ 13-1987 Water supply hydrogeological drilling and well sinking operation procedures
Some standard content:
Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China Ministerial Standard Operating Procedures for Hydrogeological Drilling and Well Drilling for Water Supply CJ 13-87 Editing Unit: China Municipal Engineering Central South Design Institute Approving Unit: Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: November 1, 1987 219-1 Notice on Issuing the "Operation Procedures for Hydrogeological Drilling and Well Drilling for Water Supply" (87) Cheng Ke Zi No. 247 In accordance with the requirements of the former State Administration of Urban Construction's (81) Cheng Ke Zi No. 15 document, the "Operation Procedures for Hydrogeological Drilling and Well Drilling for Water Supply" compiled by China Municipal Engineering Central South Design Institute has been reviewed by our ministry and is now approved as a ministerial standard with the number CJJ13-87, to be implemented on October 1, 1987. If you have any questions or comments during the implementation process, please inform the standard management unit, China Municipal Engineering Central South Design Institute, by letter. Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection
April 25, 1987
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
General Provisions
Construction Preparation·
2—19-5
.. 2—19—5
2~19—5
Section--
... 2-195
Site Preparation and Equipment Selection
Chapter 4
Section 1
Loading, Unloading and Transportation of Machinery and Equipment
.. 2-19—5
Installation and Disassembly of Drilling Equipment
...... 2-19-6
Construction of Drilling Site and Installation of Base
..*.. 2-19--6
Installation and disassembly of drilling tower 2-1.·
Section 2
General requirements
(I) Pole drilling tower
(III) "A"-shaped drilling tower
(IV) Three-legged drilling tower
(V) Four-legged drilling tower
Section 3
Section 4
Chapter 5
Section 1
Section 2bzxz.net
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
2—19-6
2--19—6
2-19—6
2—19--7
2—19—7
Installation and disassembly of mechanical equipment
..... 2-19-7
Installation and disassembly of auxiliary equipment
Drilling construction
Preparation and drilling
Flushing medium
General process and regulations
Percussion drilling
(1) Key points of operation·
(II) Drilling with drill bit:
(III) Drilling with pull rod.
Section 6 Rotary drilling…·
(I) Key points of operation.
(I) Full crushing and coreless drilling
(IⅡI) Annular crushing and coring drilling
(III,) Carbide drilling
(II,) Drill grain drilling
........
(II3) Mixed drilling of alloy and drill grain
. 2—19--7
|… 2-19-8
... 2--19—8
2—19—8
2-19--9
2—199
2—19—10
2--19--10
2—19—10
: 2—19—10
2-19-10
2—19—10
…2—19—11
·. 2---19-11
..2—19—11
.. 2--19-12
2--19--13
(V) Other drilling methods
(V,) Full-eye drilling
(V2) Reverse circulation drilling
(V) Hole expansion drilling
Section 7
Section 8
Chapter 6
Water and soil drilling
Sampling and geological logging of rock (soil) samples and cores
Well completion technology
.. 2—19—13
.... 2—19—13
... 2-19---14
.. 2—19—14
2—19—14
triitar
...- 2--19--15
2--19—16
Section 1
Pipe lowering and pipe removal….
(I) Pipe lowering
(II) Pipe removal
Gravel filling, water stopping and sealing
Section 2
(I) Gravel filling
(II) Water stopping
(III) Sealing
Section 3
Well washing·
(1) General requirements and method selection
(I) Live-tight well washing
(II) Compressed air well washing:
(IV) Pumping or pressurized water well washing…||tt ||(V) Well flushing with liquid carbon dioxide.
(V) Liquid carbon dioxide combined with hydrochloric acid injection
(I) Well flushing with sodium pyrophosphate
Chapter VII
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 5
Chapter VIII
Section 2
Pumping test
General requirements
Flow measurement·
Water level measurement··
Water temperature and air temperature observation·
Water sampling·
.. 2—19-16
2--19—16
· 2-19--17
． 2—19—17
2—19—17
. 2—19—17
.. 2—19—18
. 2—19—18
2—19-18
219—18
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2--19---20
2—19—20
—19—20
Use and maintenance of electromechanical equipment
General requirements·
Drilling rig,
(I) Inspection and maintenance before starting
(I) Operation and maintenance during operation…
Section 1
Section 4
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
Section 9
Diesel engine·
Air compressor·
Mud pump·
Horizontal centrifugal pump
Deep well pump·|| tt||Submersible pump
Electrical equipment
(I) Key points for safe operation
(II) Electric motor
(III) Generator..
(IV) Switch and starting equipment
(V) Electric welding equipment
() Gas welding equipment
219—21
2—19—21
2—19—21
2~-19--21
2—19—21
2—19—21
2--19—22
2—19—22
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：2—19—22
. 2—19-22
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：2—19—22
... 2—19-23
2—19—23
.... 2---19-23
2—19--23
2—19—3
Chapter IX Prevention and Treatment of Wellbore Accidents
Section 1 General Prevention and Treatment of Accidents
...................
Section 2
Handling of borehole accidents
2—19—24
2-19—24
2-19--24
(I) Borehole collapse accident....
2--19--24
(II) Drill stuck accident…
(IIIII) Drill buried accident-
(IV) Drill tool breakage or fall-off accident
2 -19— 4
. 2—19—24
.. 2—19—24
2~-19—24
(V) Borehole bending accident·
2-19—24
(I) Well pipe accident
.... 2—1925
（）Wire rope breakage accident. 219—2
Chapter 10
Wellbore blasting
Section 1
General safety rules.
Section 2 Design and manufacture of blasting devices
Section 3
. 2-19--25
2—19—25
-.. 2-19—25
Blassing methods and procedures 219--26
.2—1926
Explanation of terms used in this regulation
Section 1,0,1 Article
General
This regulation applies to water supply hydrogeological drilling and well sinking. Article 1.0.2 When conducting water supply hydrogeological drilling and well sinking, in addition to the implementation of this regulation, it shall also comply with the relevant requirements of the current national standards and departmental standards and shall refer to the current relevant local regulations. Article 1.0.3 This regulation is mainly applicable to the drilling equipment commonly used in water supply hydrogeological drilling and well sinking projects. Generally, only the principle provisions are made for the operation methods. In the implementation, each unit may formulate supplementary provisions or implementation details according to the needs and specific circumstances, and report them to the competent department for filing. General Provisions
Chapter II
Article 2.0.1 Personnel engaged in water supply hydrogeological drilling and well sinking must study and strictly implement this regulation. Article 2.0.2 New workers or apprentices must receive technical training and be equipped with basic knowledge of production safety before they are allowed to participate in the work. When learning to operate, you must be under the guidance and supervision of skilled technicians.
Article 2.0,3 When working, you must stay at your post and not violate your duties. You should concentrate on your work and take safety production seriously. Article 2,0,4 When working, you must wear safety gear, work clothes, work shoes, protective gloves and other protective equipment as required. However, gloves must not be worn when drilling, hanging belts or working near rotating parts. Article 2.0.5 When carrying large equipment, installing and disassembling drilling rigs, drilling holes, laying pipes, blasting, handling accidents and other important work, the person in charge of the machine must be in unified command and the division of labor must be clear.
Before using various machines and equipment, the staff should be familiar with their instructions for use, and can only use them after mastering their technical performance and basic operating methods. And they should be operated and maintained according to the requirements of the instructions for use. Article 2.0.7 Work sheds should be set up at the drilling site. Measures such as flood prevention, flood prevention, cold prevention, strong wind prevention, gas poisoning prevention and fire prevention should also be taken according to specific circumstances. Article 2.0.. When setting up work or heating stoves on site, attention should be paid to fire prevention. Inflammable and explosive items should be kept away from fire sources. Heating stoves should be equipped with smoke diagrams, and oil should not be used to ignite the stove.
Article 2.0.9 The drilling site should be kept clean. Materials and machinery should be placed in appropriate locations and aisles should be kept unobstructed. Dangerous items such as explosive equipment, compressed gas cylinders, stocks, alkalis, flammable oils, etc. should be kept by special personnel in strict accordance with relevant regulations and should not be stored casually.
Article 2.0.10 High-altitude operations should be stopped when there is a strong wind of level 6 or above. When the strong wind and thunderstorm weather hinder the work, the drilling tools should be lifted to the safe hole section, the slurry filter should be made, and the work should be suspended after the hole is protected, and the power supply should be cut off. Article 2.0.11 Safety belts or safety ropes must be fastened when working at height. Tools and parts should be placed in tool bags, and objects should not be thrown down from the rig. Article 2.0.12 When there is insufficient light at night or during construction or drilling, lighting must be done.
Article 2.0.13 When the temperature is below 0 ℃ and various machines and equipment stop running, the water inside should be released. When the temperature is lower than the freezing point of the oil, the oil needs to be released. Article 2.0.14 The installation and maintenance of electrical equipment must be performed by electricians with qualification certificates. The installation, use and maintenance of electrical equipment must be carried out in strict accordance with relevant electrical safety regulations.
Article 2.0.15 A distribution box (panel) should be set up on site. Work on the line and electrical equipment should be carried out with the power off. It is strictly forbidden to connect, repair and move electrical equipment with power on. Article 2.0.18 When power is off or work is stopped, all kinds of power equipment should be pulled immediately. When the switch is pulled, the branch barrier should be opened first, and then the main barrier. The order of power supply or work is the opposite. When operating the switch, you should stand on an insulating platform or insulating pad. Article 2.0.17 When starting mechanical equipment, all clutches must be in the neutral position. No one is allowed to work or place tools or objects on the rotating and transmission parts and other equipment driven by them.
Article 2.0.18. The quality, size and wear of the tools lowered into the combined hole must be checked in detail and recorded in the prescribed record form. Article 2.0.18 When working at the combined hole mouth, tools and objects must be prevented from falling into the combined hole.
Article 2.0.20
When digging wells and pits, wall protection safety measures should be considered. Article 2.0.21
New or repaired mechanical equipment must be technically inspected and tested, and can only be used after being confirmed to be qualified. When the machine is found to be operating abnormally, it must be stopped for inspection and repair immediately.
Article 2.0.22
There must be someone on duty.
When stopping work, the machine and pipes should be properly placed. The work pile must be third
Construction preparation
Section 1 Site preparation and equipment selection
Article 3.1. Before starting work, the site should be surveyed. Find out the exact location of the drilling site and nearby overhead transmission lines, telephone lines, underground power lines, pipelines, structures and other facilities. When determining and drilling the hole, the following regulations should be observed: 1. The minimum horizontal distance between the center of the wellbore and the side conductor of the overhead transmission line close to the wellbore should meet the requirements of Table 3.1.1. Minimum horizontal weight
All electric types
1 or less
Minimum horizontal height
Drilling heightDrilling height
Table 3.1.1
Drilling heightStation height
2. The 220V and 380V air-to-ground transmission lines used in the drilling site model are not subject to the restrictions of Table 3.1.1, but it is not recommended to use control wires. 3. The wellbore center should be at least 10m away from the edge of the telephone line, at least 5m away from the buried power line and the edge of the old wellbore in the pine layer (bedrock drilling is not subject to this restriction), and at least 2m away from the edge of the underground communication cable, structure, pipeline and other underground facilities.
4. The wellbore center should maintain a sufficient safety distance from tall and important buildings on the ground.
V. In areas with shallow karst development and prone to ground subsidence, the height of the above-mentioned 1st to 3rd paragraphs should be appropriately increased according to the properties of the wellbore and wall layer. Article 3.1.2 Drilling, pumping and electrical equipment should be selected mainly based on factors such as geological conditions, drilling methods, combined hole depth, combined hole structure, water level depth and output volume, and natural conditions on site, combined with the existing equipment. It should be equipped and sold in a complete set, with specifications and quality that best meet the requirements and can be used normally. Article 8,1.8 Before construction, the following "three roads and one leveling" preparations should be done:
1. Repair the roads and bridges leading to the construction site according to the avoidance width and slope requirements.
2. Connect the power supply to the site or prepare temporary power facilities according to the voltage and power required by the drilling equipment.
3. Connect the water source according to the construction water consumption requirements.
4. Level the construction site according to the site specifications specified in the instruction manual of the drilling equipment used.
Article 3,1,4
Before starting construction, pipes, gravel, clay and other materials should be prepared according to the quantity and specifications required by the project.
Section 2 Installation and transportation of machinery and equipment
The loading and unloading and transportation of machinery and equipment shall comply with Articles 3,2,1 Article 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 1 ...Article 2
When transporting a drilling rig over a long distance, the decision on whether to remove the rig should be made based on the distance, the quality of the road surface, the weight of the rig and the stability of the installation. All mobile drilling equipment should be equipped with brakes. A protective wire rope should be tied to the traction connection. Before transportation, check whether the traction connection is firm, whether the wheel hub screws are loose, whether the wheel amine air pressure is appropriate, and whether the brakes are working properly. Article 3.2. When moving a drilling rig over a short distance, when the car is hung on the side of the drilling rig without traction due to working conditions, it should be prevented from swinging and injuring people. Article 3.2.4 During transportation, small tools and damaged items should be packed, and protective measures should be taken for the threaded parts of drilling tools and pipe fittings. When transporting drill rods and pipes by car, the relevant regulations of the transportation department should be followed. Article 3.2.6 Loading, unloading and handling should be carried out under the guidance of a dedicated person. Large equipment is generally installed by crane. If there is no crane, a tripod can also be used. The loading and unloading methods include setting up a loading and unloading platform or digging a pit.
Article 8,2,8 When using a platform for loading and unloading, it is advisable to use a springboard. The platform must be strong enough, and its slope must not exceed 30°. The lower part should be equipped with an anti-skid device, and the equipment to be loaded and unloaded should be protected by a rope.
Calculation 3,2,7 New
Machinery and equipment should be loaded with a blanket and a narrow belt. During transportation, there must be a special person to escort and inspect the vehicle, and no people are allowed to load it together. When towing mobile drilling equipment, the speed of the vehicle must not exceed the provisions of the drilling equipment manual. Section 4
Installation and disassembly of drilling equipment
Section 1 Construction of the site and foundation installation Article 4,1,1
The foundation for installing the drilling equipment must be flat, solid, and uniform in hardness and softness. The soft foundation should be treated with a map. When constructing under a steep slope, measures should be taken to prevent rocks from sliding and causing accidents.
Article 4.1,2
Article 4.1.8 The base must be level, straight and stable to ensure the stability of the drilling rig during operation. The specifications, quality and installation form of the base wood and steel used should comply with the requirements of the drilling rig instruction manual. Section 2 Installation and dismantling of the drilling tower
(I) General requirements
Before installing or dismantling the drilling tower, the power system, lifting system, and all parts of the drilling tower and related auxiliary tools must be carefully checked. Article 4.2,2 When installing or dismantling the drilling tower, no one shall pass or stay in the tower lifting circle. When installing multiple drilling towers, the upper and lower floors shall not be operated simultaneously. The bridge unloading of the drilling tower should be carried out layer by layer from top to bottom. Article 4.2.3 When raising and lowering the rig, the operation must be smooth and accurate. The rig or winch should rotate at a low speed to keep the rig and lower it smoothly to prevent the rig from tilting suddenly or being damaged. Article 4.2.4 The rig legs should be padded with blocks or placed on the base to maintain stability. The anchors should be evenly positioned and fixed firmly, and tied with tight ropes. The angle between the anchor and the ground is generally not more than 45° (i.e. the horizontal distance between the anchor and the center of the rig should not be less than the height from the rig anchor point to the ground). For drilling rigs that use hydraulic lifting to raise and lower the rig, after the rig is properly installed, the hydraulic operating handles used to raise the rig should be fixed or removed, and should not be moved during drilling.
Stable pole tower
Article 4, 2, 7
1. Before erecting the pole, the adjusting wire should be put on, the bolt should be fastened, and the upper pull rod should be put on.
2—19 6
2. For CZ*22 and CZ-30 drilling rigs, the lifting and lowering device must use a safety pin when raising and lowering the pole. When replacing the original safety pin, if it is processed by yourself, the material used must meet the original design requirements.
3. Use the winch to erect the first section of the pole. When the pole is raised to an angle of 85" with the ground, a dedicated person should pull the protective brake to ensure that the pole is erected smoothly. The second section of the pole should be raised slowly. Before the cam is locked in the first section of the pole, the staff shall not work on the pole:
4. When dropping the seeds, before removing the pole support shaft pin and the middle thread of the connecting frame, an iron rod must be inserted at the bottom of the second section of the pole to prevent the pole from suddenly falling and injuring people. Before dropping the first section of the pole, the fixing screws of the first and second sections of the pole must be tightened. Section 4.2.8 When installing an integral mast-type drilling tower on a lifting vehicle, the following regulations should be observed; 1. For Red Star 400 drilling rig,
1. Before lifting the tower, the two U-shaped screws that lock the frame should be removed first, then the 45' bracket should be pulled back to the working state, and the large and small pins should be inserted. 2. When the drilling tower is raised to about 10cm, it should be stopped to check whether the balance is normal and effective.
3. The oil pump should be operated to supply oil evenly, and it is strictly forbidden to stop and supply oil suddenly. After the drilling tower is raised to the vertical position, the large screws added to the bottom of the drilling tower should be immediately inserted. 4. When laying down the drilling tower, you must pay attention to first remove the two fixing screws of the drilling tower, and then remove the two fixing screws on the support frame after the drilling tower is dissolved into the rear bracket. After that, the wire bursts. 2. SPC-300H drilling rig:
1. Before erecting the tower, you should first move the multi-way switch threshold operating handle to loosen the clamping mechanism of the pressure pull to avoid breaking the pressure wire rope. 2. When raising the tower, pay attention to whether the wire rope between the crown pulley and the winch is long enough. If it is not long enough, the winch brake should be released in time to prevent the traveling pulley from hitting the crown crane. 3. When erecting the drilling tower, pay attention to the position of the eccentric block in the support. When rotary drilling, the small end of the eccentric block should face forward, and when impact drilling, the large end of the eccentric block should face outward to ensure that the same hole center is reached during rotary and impact drilling. 4. When lowering the drilling tower, pay attention to the position of the wire rope and other accessories. Working state, avoid collision with other parts.
3. DPP-100 automobile drilling rig
1. The tower should be lifted in low gear. After the drilling tower is erected, the two-foot screw cups of the drilling tower must be adjusted immediately to align the center of the wall rope with the center of the special plate, and the tower is locked with a lock. 2. When lowering the tower, the locking pin should be taken out first, and the bottom of the drilling tower should be moved backward a little to loosen the lock, and then slowly lowered. (Asia)\A-shaped drilling tower
Article 4.2.8 When raising and lowering the SPI-300 station drilling tower, the following regulations should be observed; 1. Before raising the tower, the base of the hole mouth should be firmly installed, and the tower legs should be connected in order on the ground, and the ceiling should be installed. 1. The tower leg feet should be firmly pinned to the horse shoe seat. The two towers should be laid flat and the supporting wood should be padded firmly. 2. The tower should be erected slowly, and the two tower legs should be allowed to slide in the slideway. After the tower is erected, if the center of the tower is not consistent with the center of the hole, the bottom can be moved as a whole, or a gasket can be added between the horse shoe and the base to adjust the support rod and shrink the environment.
After the adjustment is completed, it should be used immediately.
3. Before the tower support screws and tower base screws are tightened and the thin ropes are not installed, it is strictly forbidden to work on the tower.
4. When dismantling the tower, the tower support should be removed first, the tower base screws should be loosened, and then the two thin ropes at the back should be loosened to make the tower tilt forward. Slowly loosen the handlebars and slowly lower them. After falling down, disassemble them in a timely manner.
5. The brackets used to lift the tower must be tied and tightened. 4.2.10 The following provisions shall be observed for the lifting and lowering of the "A"-shaped portable drilling tower:
1. Before lifting the tower, the tower legs shall be firmly connected, placed on the ground, and the tower base shall be connected with bracket pins. The upper end of the support row shall be connected with the tower magnetic crossbar with screws. 2. The tower head shall be lifted and slowly raised. After positioning, the support and tie rod shall be connected immediately to make it firm.
3. Before the support and tie rod connection screws are firmly fixed, no work shall be done on the tower frame. 4. When lowering the tower, the order shall be reversed from that of lifting the tower. (I) Three-legged drilling tower
When lifting and lowering the Red Star-300 drilling rig drilling tower, the following provisions shall be observed.
1. Before raising the drilling tower, the upper and lower flanges of the two legs shall be connected with screws, and the tightness shall be consistent. And one end of each leg shall be inserted into the middle leg trolley shaft, and the trolley shaft screws must be inserted with safety pins.
2. When standing up, the side legs must be moved synchronously and evenly, and attention should be paid to whether the legs on both sides are tilted during sliding. As the derrick rises, the hoisting wire rope should be tightened at any time. And care should be taken to prevent the reducer from winding and entangled with the rope. 3. After the lower section of the middle leg is raised, the purple anchor screw should be screwed, and then the large pin of the middle leg should be pulled out, and then the upper section of the middle magnet should be lifted.
4. After the upper section of the middle leg is raised, the teeth and pins must be fully engaged, and the center of the derrick should be adjusted to be consistent with the center of the wellbore, and then the upper pull bar should be locked. 5. Before lowering the derrick, the pull bar should be removed, the middle leg should be slightly raised, the pin shaft should be removed, and the teeth should be opened. When lowering the side legs, there should be dedicated personnel on both sides to ensure that the legs on both sides are moved and lowered synchronously and evenly.
Section 4.2,12 Articles
Observe the following provisions:
When installing and disassembling ordinary metal or wooden tripod drilling towers, the tower legs should be placed on the ground, and the holes at the upper ends of the tower legs and the U-shaped hanging rings should be connected with nails before lifting the tower. The crane should be hung on and the pins should be inserted. The steel wire rope sleeve should be tied at the lower end of the rear leg and hung on the car.
Second, when lifting the tower, the top end should be raised to a certain height according to the requirements of the steel front leg moment. The bottom ends of the two front legs should be fixed with a crossbar, the winch should be installed in the middle of the crossbar, and the steel wire rope on the car should be strung into the rear pulley, and the rope head should be lifted on the front pull rod of the winch. The two front legs should be placed in a non-slip shallow pit.
Third, when lifting the tower, the winch should be used to pull the rear legs, so that the rear legs will move along the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the landing points of the two front legs, and slowly stand up. When standing up, a special person should also hold the rope.
4. When lowering the tower, first remove the tower top suspension facilities, move the items under the tower frame, then pull the hind legs and slowly land.
(V) Four-legged Drilling Tower
Article 4.2.18 When using the integral method to raise and lower, the following regulations should be observed: 1. First, install the entire drilling tower on the ground, and align the tower base with the corresponding tower base position of the base. Install a herringbone-shaped lifting rod near the bottom of the tower and fix it with a rope. Set up wooden stakes at the bottom of the tower to prevent the drilling tower from sliding.
2. Pass the power wire rope through the lifting rod to the pulley and tie it to a quarter of the tower height from the top of the tower. The side of the drilling tower close to the ground needs to be reinforced with auxiliary square wood to prevent the drilling tower from being bent due to excessive force when it is erected.
3. Use a winch to raise the drilling tower with other power, and observe the violent rising trend at any time. 4. The order of lowering the drilling tower is opposite to that of raising the drilling tower. The power wire rope should be tightened at first, and then the auxiliary wire rope should be pulled in the direction of falling. At this time, the power wire rope should be slightly loosened to make the derrick tilt to a certain angle, and then the power wire rope should be slowly loosened to make the derrick fall smoothly.
Article 4.2.14 When the derrick is raised and lowered by the segmented construction method, the following regulations should be observed: 1. First, fix the base of the derrick on the base, and then install the components in the required order for the first layer.
2. Set up a temporary movable table at the horizontal tie rod, install a pulley pry bar at the appropriate position of the movable table, and install the next layer.
3. All screws can be tightened only after all the components of each layer are installed. 4. Build the derrick in sections according to the above method until the overhead crane is installed. 5. When dismantling the tower, it should be dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom. Section 3 Installation and Disassembly of Mechanical Equipment
When installing drilling rigs, power machines, mud pumps, mixers, mud purification machinery and other equipment, they should be arranged reasonably to facilitate operation. Article 4,8,2
The center of the drilling rig crane (or the cutting point of the front edge), the center of the turntable (or the vertical shaft) and the center of the drilling hole must be on the same center line. Article 4.3. The installation of new mechanical equipment must be stable, the corresponding transmission wheels must be aligned, and the machine base and the base should be firmly connected with screws. Article 4.3.4 When installing mechanical transmission belts, the following should be achieved: the pulleys are aligned and connected, the belts are loose and appropriate, and the joints are firm. Article 4,8,5 When installing mobile mechanical equipment, the tires should be off the ground, but they must not run idly. Article 4.8,6 After the mechanical equipment is installed, it should be fully inspected and can only be used after normal test operation. Article 4,8.7 When disassembling mechanical equipment, the parts must not be covered or disassembled randomly. The parts and instruments removed from the machine should be properly kept, and the exposed holes must be sealed. Connecting screws, screws, shaft seats, pins and other individual parts should be put back to their original places after removal. Section 4 Installation and Removal of Related Equipment
Article 4.4.1 During the thunderstorm season, in areas prone to lightning strikes, lightning protection devices must be installed on the drilling tower in accordance with the following regulations
1. The lightning protection device consists of three parts: lightning rod, down conductor and grounding device. Each part should meet the following requirements:
1. Lightning rod: It should be more than 1.5m above the top of the tower. It is better to use steel. The diameter of the steel rod can also be made of steel or steel pipe. The diameter of the round steel is ≥25mm and the diameter of the steel pipe is ≥20mm, t
≥38mm. It must be well insulated from the drilling tower and firmly connected during installation. 2. Down conductor: round steel or bare metal stranded wire should be used, with round diameter ≥8mm and bare stranded wire cross section, steel ≥25mm, aluminum ≥35mm. It must be well insulated from the derrick during installation.
3. Grounding equipment: It is generally composed of a grounding body and a grounding wire. Each part should meet the following requirements:
(1) Grounding body: When conditions permit, metal pipes and metal well pipes that are directly in contact with the earth and meet the requirements should be fully utilized as natural grounding bodies. When conditions do not permit, vertical artificial grounding bodies can be set up. Generally, angle steel or steel pipe is suitable as the material. The thickness of the angle steel should not be less than 4mm, the side length should not be less than 40mm, the wall thickness of the steel should not be less than 3.5mm, and the diameter should not be less than 25mm. The number should not be less than 2, and the length of each should not be less than 2m. The pole spacing height is generally twice the length. The top end should be 0.5~0.8m from the ground, and it can also be partially exposed, but the length of the underground part should not be less than 2㎡. If the soil resistivity is high and cannot meet the grounding resistance requirements, salt, charcoal and water can be placed near the grounding body to reduce the soil resistivity.
(2) The grounding wire should meet the following requirements: ① In the neutral point direct grounding system, the grounding wire and the neutral wire should not be less than half of the phase line cross section.
② The grounding wire is made of steel, and the cross section of the fan steel used is not less than 48mm, and the diameter of the round steel is not less than 8mm. Use a wire with a cut surface of not less than 4mm, and use an insulated wire with a cross section of not less than 1.5mm.
: The lightning protection load is generally directly connected to the grounding body with a down conductor, and the starting wire does not need to be replaced. (3) The connection between the grounding load and the grounding body should generally be connected. The lap welding length is 2 times the width of the steel or 6 times the true diameter of the steel. If screws are used for connection, anti-loosening caps or anti-loosening washers should be added.
2. The lightning protection pin, down conductor and grounding body should be tightly connected. Welding is preferred. If metal plates are connected by screws, the contact area of the metal plates shall not be less than 10cm. The grounding resistance shall not exceed 158.
Article 4,4,2
The metal casing of electric welding machines, motors and their starting devices and the metal frame of distribution boards must be equipped with grounding or zeroing protection in accordance with relevant regulations. When grounding protection is adopted, the grounding device shall comply with the relevant provisions of Article 4.4.1, and the grounding resistance shall not exceed 42. When zeroing protection is adopted, repeated grounding shall be considered, and the repeated grounding resistance shall not exceed 100.
The grounding of each electrical equipment shall be connected to the grounding body or grounding trunk line with a separate grounding wire, and several equipment that need to be grounded shall not be connected in series with one grounding wire. In the power grid powered by the same generator, transformer or the same section of busbar, one part of the equipment shall not be grounded and the other part of the equipment shall not be zeroed. Article 4.4.# The control and protection equipment of the motor shall be installed vertically on the ground and shall be adjusted correctly to ensure flexible and reliable operation. Article 4,4,4 When installing a movable workbench on a drilling tower, there should be safety devices such as brakes and guards. A guardrail should be installed within the range of the balance hammer of the movable workbench. Article 4.4.5 The transmission system and operating protruding parts of mechanical equipment must be equipped with protective covers or guardrails. Article 4,4,8 According to the adopted drilling method and process requirements, a flushing liquid circulation, purification and discharge system shall be set up. The water pressure pit and mud pit shall have sufficient volume. The circulation groove shall have sufficient length and cross-sectional dimensions. The slope of the circulation groove is generally 1/100~1/80, and baffles shall be installed every 1.5~2 m. Waste mud shall not be discharged anywhere and shall be properly handled. Avoid polluting the environment.
Drilling Construction
Section 1 Preparation and Drilling
Article 5.1.1 Before drilling, the drilling method and drilling tools should be determined based on the lithology, technical requirements, equipment and working conditions. Generally, it can be considered comprehensively in accordance with Article 5.1.1.
Article 5.1.2. The construction site should be equipped with inclinometers and mud performance testers. Drilling should be done by experienced technicians and must be done in parallel with the hole.3
Silicon crushing and flushing
Rock rock medium
Method form "Type
2 - 19 --- 8
Cutting edge
Repair welding-shaped drill bit, cross-shaped drill bit with auxiliary edge, rib-shaped drill bit, cross-shaped drill bit, engineering drill bit, peripheral drill bit
Positive circulation
Reverse banana ring
Crown drill bit, three-wing sweet power,
Sticky head, tooth cobalt head
God back drill bit, center water
hole-like positive circulation Drilling
three-wing scraper head, four-wing
positive circulation scraper head, tooth wheel head,
full carbide head
reverse circulation
positive circulation head with enlarged center water-avoiding hole
carbide head, alloy
kidney-invigorating head, particle-assisted bone rotating head
screw-assisted bone sticking head
, Western blue secret
hard neck alloy head, The opening section of the grain sticking head,
roller core drill bit, grain bone assist drill bit
station grain drill bit, carbon gold-bearing drill bit,
roller core drill bit
carbide drill bit
should be kept round, straight and stable. Article 5.1.4 When drilling with impact drill, the drill tool should be aligned, and the well pit should be excavated after finding the center of the wellbore. After drilling for several meters, the mouth guard should be lowered or driven in according to the formation, and the drilling rope should be accurate and appropriate to ensure that the drilling tool is aligned with the center of the wellbore. Maintain vertical impact. Before the drill bit is fully entered into the protection pipe, a small stroke can be used for a single impact to prevent the drill bit from swinging and causing the hole to tilt or injure people.
Article 5.1.5 When drilling with a rotary drill, it is advisable to use a special short drill bit. The hose on the drill pipe faucet must be pulled with a rope, or a guide device must be added to the upper end of the active drill pipe. Use slow speed and light drilling pressure to drill to prevent the active drill pipe from shaking and causing the hole to tilt. Section 2 Protection
Article 5.2.1
Generally, mud, water pressure or casing are used for wall protection. It should be reasonably selected according to the formation conditions, water source conditions and technical requirements. Article 5.2.2 1. When using mud wall protection, the mud surface in the hole should not be lower than 0.5m from the ground, whether in drilling or stopping drilling. If the drill fails, it should be quickly lifted to the safe hole section, the cause should be found out in time, and drilling can be continued after treatment. 2. When using water pressure protection, there must be sufficient water. If the static water level is shallow, measures should be taken to make the pressure water not less than 3m away from the static water level. Method
Clay, sub-clay, light sub-clay, silty sub-clay, muddy silt sand, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, gravel sand , nose ball, gravel, shale, block, stone, sandstone, scale, marl, limestone, dolomite, marble, coal and other sedimentary shale, slate. Dry rock, schist and other metamorphic rocks, snake rock, pure olive, volcanic limestone, weathered hornstone, rough surface and other nitrided pyroclastic clay, sub-clay, light sub-clay, argillaceous sub-clay, muddy silt, fine silica, medium sand, coarse sand, crisp sand breccia, carbon, ping stone, shrimp stone, block, stone roll, sandstone, ball rock, mud spot Limestone, dolomite, marble, quartz and other sedimentary rocks
Sensitively weathered or strongly weathered rock, slate, slate, gneiss and other metamorphic rocks
Slightly weathered into strongly weathered and coarse-grained or fine-grained granite, syenite, diorite, basalt, trachyte, gabbro, basalt, andesite and other igneous rocks
Clay, sub-clay, modified sub-clay, modified sub-clay, silt sand, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, crisp sand, gravel, crushed stone, pebbles, boulders , shale, sandstone, conglomerate, marl, limestone, dolomite, marble, fill and other sedimentary rocks
slightly weathered or porphyry weathered rock, slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss and other metamorphic rocks
intensely weathered or strongly weathered and coarse or fine-grained granite, syenite, diorite, porphyry, volcanic rock, trachyte, gabbro, basalt, andesite and other igneous rocks
large gold-type sugar-type damage, see technical poison, Baihui, calcified poison
Article 5.2. 4
When mud or water pressure is used to protect the wall in loose strata, a mouth guard pipe should be installed in the hole. Its outer diameter should generally be 50-100mm larger than the diameter of the hole drill bit, and the depth of entry should generally be about 1 m below the water table. When the diving level is deep, it can be determined according to the specific conditions of the stratum and water level. But it shall not be less than 3㎡. The mouth guard shall be fixed on the ground, and the pipe body shall be kept straight, with the center consistent with the drilling tool hanging center. The gap between the outer guard and the well wall shall be filled with clay or other materials. Article 5, 2.5: For loose strata that are ineffective for mud and water pressure wall protection, casing can be used for protection. When the casing needs to be pulled out, the length of the connection between each layer of casing and the rock formation can refer to Table 5.2.5.
Contact length of each waist sleeve with the body (unit, blood) Pig layer Silk
Plastic, medium sand
Fine, powder sand
Sub-clay
Light sub-clay
First layer
40 ~45
40 ~ 45
Article 5.2.B
Second layer
Third layer
30~ 46
30 ~ 40
Table 5.2.5
Fourth layer
20 ~ 30
30 ~40
30 ~40
30 ~40
The wall protection in the pressure-bearing artesian aquifer can refer to the following methods:
1. It is advisable to use large-scale mud pressure spraying to protect the wall. According to the height of the groundwater head above the ground and the buried depth of the aquifer top plate, calculate and use the appropriate mud density so that the pressure of the mud column in the hole is greater than the groundwater head pressure. The mud density should generally not be lower than 1.5g/cm'.
2. Set up a mud pool with a sufficiently narrow plate, and remove the rock cuttings and sediments in the pool in time during drilling.
3. When the mud density in the hole does not meet the requirements and the spare qualified mud does not reach a sufficient amount, it is not advisable to drill through the top plate of the aquifer.
Article 5.2.7 When drilling in the bedrock covered by the loose layer, the upper cover layer should be casing. For the lower layer that is prone to collapse, casing or mud wall protection should be used according to the specific situation. The casing of the overburden layer should be lowered after drilling through the overburden layer, entering the complete foundation 0.5 to 2 m, and obtaining a complete core. The casing should be fixed on the ground, and the pipe body should be straight, with the center consistent with the drilling tool hanging center. The bottom of each set of casing should be placed on the step where the wellbore changes diameter, and the space between the casing and the well should be filled with cement slurry or other materials.
Article 5, 2, 8
The bottom of the casing can be sealed with cement slurry, which can generally be carried out by pre-filling and injection.
1. Pre-filling: Use a mud pump or a special pump with a sugar-assisted pull rope control valve to send cement slurry to the bottom of the well to reach the required sealing height. Before the cement slurry solidifies, the casing is inserted into the cement slurry, and the two become one after solidification. 2. Pressure injection method: After the casing is lowered to the predetermined depth, a grouting pipe is lowered outside the casing, and the permanent mud is pumped from the grouting pipe into the filling part. After reaching the required height, it is allowed to solidify. Section 3 Flushing medium 5.8.1 Flushing medium should be reasonably selected according to factors such as formation characteristics and construction conditions. Generally, the following provisions can be considered: 1. For structurally stable clay soil and other loose soils, use clean water or mud. 2. For ground-breaking and water-sensitive formations, use mud. 3. For water-blocking areas and irrigated formations, use air or gasified flushing liquid (including water mist, foam, aerated mud, and aerated mud). 5,8,2 When using mud as a flushing medium, the viscosity, density, sand content, and water loss of the mud produced and the mud in the wellbore should be measured in a timely manner according to needs. According to the conditions such as the lithology, stability, cementation degree and water head pressure of the drilling layer, the mud index in the hole can be selected according to Table 5.3.2. Note: The mud sample in the hole is taken from the middle of the hole. When moving back, the sample can be taken near the water absorption reading of the ticket.
Article 5, 3, 5
When using mud as flushing fluid, the mud discharged from the hole should be purified. Generally, the following methods can be used to show the common micro-properties of different sites. Rock properties Non-aquifers (claystone) Powder, fine, medium-sized sand and gravel Rock, rock layer Confined artesian water-bearing rock layer Water-swelling rock layer, block rock layer - general bedrock layer Fracture, karst cave bedrock layer More than 25 22~~28 18~ 20 22 ~ 28 (g/cm2) 1,08~1.,1
1.1 ~1.15
Second content
Small hand 4
Small hand 4
Less than 4
Less than 4
Less than 4
Less than 4
Lost ice crab
(cml/30min）
Less than 20
Less than 15
Little 15
Less than 15
Less than 23
Small hand 15
1. Dilute the mud discharged from the wellbore to accelerate the sedimentation and removal of sand particles in the mud. 2. Dig reasonable and sufficient circulation troughs and sedimentation resistances to give full play to their sedimentation effect.
3. Use artificial purification equipment such as vibrating mud screens and cyclone desanders for purification. Article 5.3.4 The clay used for preparing mud shall be selected according to the following quality requirements; 1. Field setting: less sand content, dense and fine, strong plasticity, easy to disperse in water, and expand when absorbing water.
2. Indoor test and identification, various clay samples are prepared into mud, and the viscosity and sand content are measured at different densities (1.05, 1.1, 1.2g/cm2). It is required to have a higher viscosity and a lower sand content at a lower density. When the density is 1.1g/cm', the sand content does not exceed 6%, and the viscosity is 16~18s, it can be used, but it should be considered in combination with the requirements of Article 5.3.2 and Article 5.3.6.
Article 6.3.5 The clay used for preparing mud should be crushed in advance, soaked in water and then stirred. It can also be prepared with clay powder. Clay blocks shall not be directly thrown into the hole. Article 5.3. When the mud index cannot meet the requirements, mud treatment agent can be added as needed. The commonly used treatment methods and proportions are as follows: 1. Soda ash (Na2CO3) treatment: It can increase viscosity, reduce sand content and water loss. The amount of alkali can be determined by experiment. Generally, 0.5~1% of the weight of clay used to prepare the mud can be added.
2. Weighting agent treatment: It can increase density. The commonly used weighting agent is heavy stone powder (BaSo3). Its dosage can be calculated according to formula (5.3.8): Pt(rr)
Where P
-the weight of weighting agent required to prepare 1m\ mud (t)-density of weighting agent (g/cm3),
r3-mud density after addition (g/cm3) (5.3.6)
Syrup density before weighting (g/cm3). 3. Tannin alkali solution (NaT) treatment: It can reduce water loss, static shear force and viscosity. Use tannic acid and caustic soda (commonly used weight ratio is 2:1, 1:1 or 1:2) to prepare tannin alkali solution (with a concentration of 1/10 or 1/5), and then add it to the mud. The amount added is preferably 2 to 5% of the slurry volume.
4. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) treatment can increase viscosity and colloid rate, reduce water loss, and make the surface thinner. The amount added is preferably 4% of the mud volume. 5. Polypropylene diamine (PHP) treatment can increase coagulation, reduce water loss and increase viscosity. PHP addition amount: For sandy formations, 5 to 12 kg of 1% PHP solution can be added to 1m' of mud; for pebble formations, 30 to 50 kg of 1% PHP sugar solution can be added to 1m' of mud. Article 8.7: Mud mixing machine is generally used for preparing excavation slurry, which is managed by a dedicated person, and the mud index is tested and adjusted in time to meet the needs of drilling and wall protection. Article 8. In the circulation mud, rainwater and ground water should be prevented from mixing, and clean water should not be added at will.
Chapter 5.4.1
And the following are as follows:
1. Process and regulations
Unqualified drilling tools shall not be used. Drilling tool quality inspection method 1. Appearance inspection, mainly based on the drilling tool and related measuring tools and tools. Inspection 2-19-9
Standards shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Ministry of Metallurgy (YB235-70), (YB528-65), (YB691--70).
Internal damage inspection shall be carried out by ultrasonic or electromagnetic flaw detection. Article 5.4.2 When handing over the shift, the hole and the equipment and other conditions must be handed over and cleared.
Article 5.4.3 In case of sudden power failure or other power outage, the drill bit should be lifted from the bottom of the hole by standby power or manual method. When stopping work, the mud cracks in the hole should be regularly circulated or stirred according to the type of drilling rig used, and replenished in time. Article 5.4.4 During the drilling process, when the following conditions are encountered, the maximum hole bending (inclination) should be measured in time.
, every 25m within a hole depth of 100 meters, every 50m after the hole depth exceeds 100m, and after the hole is completed.
2. When the rock formation changes or the hole is found to be inclined. 3. After the wellbore is changed in diameter, the drilling is 3 to 5 meters or the expansion is completed. Article 5.4.5 The standard for the allowable bending of the wellbore is as follows: 1. The azimuth of the wellbore shall not change suddenly.
2. The change of the top angle of the wellbore shall not be greater than 1.5° per 100m. For the exploration and production and water supply pipe and pump section, it shall not be greater than 1° per 100m. Article 5.4.6 The bending of the wellbore shall be measured by an inclinometer. The ball chain inclinometer method can also be used for measurement. During impact drilling, the displacement of the wellbore mouth wire can also be measured and calculated.
Section 5 Impact Drilling
(I) Key points of operation
Article 5.5.! The connection and welding of the drill bit shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions! 1. The drill bit must be connected and fixed, and the total weight shall not exceed the weight specified in the drilling rig manual.
2. The wire rope shall not be overloaded. When the number of broken wires in the length of the wire rope reaches 5% of the total number, the wire rope section shall be removed. 3. When the live ring wire rope is connected, the wire rope guide must be used. The number of wire rope clips shall not be less than 3, and the adjacent clips shall be clipped. 4. When connecting with an open live wire rope joint, it must be ensured that the connection is solid, the live core is flexible, and the axis of the wire rope and the live ring should be close to the same. 5. When connecting the drilling tool with a flange, the convex planes on the drill bit and the drill rod (plus stacking rod) should match. There should be a certain distance between the flanges, and the connecting screws should use double nuts, and their axis should be close to the axis of the drilling tool.
6. When welding a rib-type bundled drill bit, it must be ensured that the ribs are equidistant, the bottom shoe is flat, the valve is flexible, and it is tightly closed. When welding a drill bit with a secondary blade, it must be ensured that the blade corner points are on a circle.
Article 5,5,2
When drilling, the drill bit should be hoisted and stabilized first, and then guided into the parallel hole. After entering the parallel hole, the measuring vehicle shall not be completely loosened and lowered at high speed. When lifting the drill, it should be slow at the beginning, and after lifting it several meters away from the bottom of the hole without resistance, it should be lifted at normal speed. If resistance is found, the drill bit should be lowered, and the station head should be turned before lifting it. It is not allowed to lift it. Article 5,5.8 After the drill bit enters the parallel hole, the well plate should be hidden, the wire rope should be measured in the rope hole in the middle of the parallel cover plate, and fixed stakes or marks should be set on the ground so that the displacement of the wire rope can be measured by the intersection method during drilling. The environment should not be easily changed during drilling.
Article B,5.4 When lifting the drill, attention should be paid to observe or measure the displacement of the inserted wire rope. If it exceeds the requirements of Article 5.4.5, the cause should be found out and corrected in time. Article 5,5,5 Before drilling, the outer diameter of the drill bit and the wear of the blade and the balance ribs, as well as the tightness of the drill tool connection threads and flange connection threads should be checked. If there is excessive wear, they should be replaced in time, and if the threads are loose, they should be loosened in time. Article 5,5.B During drilling, if wall holes, diseased holes, and inclined holes are found, they should be dealt with in time. When shrinkage holes are found, the drill tool should be lifted frequently to expand the holes. The impact time of each time should not be too long to prevent the drill from getting stuck.
(II) Drilling
Article B,5,7
The number of advance decays should be determined based on the source. The harder the formation, the greater the weight required per unit length of the bottom blade of the drill bit, the higher the stroke required, and the higher the stroke, the fewer the number of impacts required. Drilling parameters can generally be selected within the following range: Drilling tool weight, 15 ~ 25kg/cm
Unit of bottom blade length of drilling head
Second, stroke, 750 ~ 1000min
Third, impact times: 40 ~ 50 times/min
5th, 8th,B. The following matters should be noted during operation; 1. The mud rope should be removed in time with the drilling to remove the rock chips, so that the bottom depth of the mud rope reaches the penetration depth of the drill bit.
2. The loosening of the wire rope should be appropriate, and the rope should be loosened frequently and less, so that the drill bit is always in a vertical state, so that the full impact force acts on the bottom of the hole. When the wire rope in the hole swings too much, the impact should be stopped, and the drilling can be continued after the wire rope is adjusted. 3. When drilling in the clay layer, the method of careful penetration and frequent hole repair should be adopted to prevent the drill from being stuck due to the reduction of the diameter or the hole wall being not round. 4. When drilling in pebbles, boulders, and weathered rock formations, attention should be paid to the flatness of the bottom of the hole. If the impact wire rope swings abnormally, the impact of the drill bit is light or heavy, and the sound is uneven, the wall and bottom should be repaired immediately. The impact time for each time should not be too long, and the drill should be checked frequently to prevent the drill from falling.
5. When drilling in bedrock formations, the drill should be lifted frequently and the slag should be removed frequently to reduce repeated crushing.
6. When encountering probe stones in the hole, it is advisable to use the method of filling stones to impact or blast.
(Ⅱ) Drilling
Article 5, 5.9 The drilling parameters should be selected within the following ranges: 1. Drilling tool weight: 1000~2000kg
2. Stroke, 500~750mm for clay and sand formations. 750~1000mm for gravel, pebble and boulders. 3. Number of impacts: 40~45 times/min
Article 5.5.10 The following matters should be noted during operation: 1. When drilling in clay layers, it is advisable to use a diamond-shaped or trapezoidal rib drill with a bottom blade. It is advisable to adopt a slow drilling method, frequent drilling and frequent lifting, and the drilling depth per time should not exceed 0.5m.
2. When drilling in sand, gravel and pebble formations, the wire rope should be frequently loosened and less loosened, and the drilling depth per time should not exceed one-third of the length of the draw rod. 3. When drilling in special stone, pebble and boulder formations, the working condition of the draw rod valve should be checked, and the impact time per time should not be too long. 4. When the diameter of pebbles and boulders is larger than the inner diameter of the valve, it is advisable to crush them with the drill bit first, and then use the draw rod to fish them out.
Section 6 Rotary Drilling
(I) Key points of operation
Article 5.6.1 Before drilling, the drilling tools should be selected according to the combined hole diameter, lithology and depth. The specifications can be selected according to Table 5.6.1-1 and Table 5.6.1-2. Article 5.8.2 The total length of the rough diameter drilling tool should generally not be less than 6m. When drilling in complex formations such as gravel, broken rock, and soft and hard interlayers, the effective height of the rig should be appropriately extended if it allows.
Drilling chains are generally used for pressure application, and indicator gauges are installed. The selection of drill chains should comply with the standards set by the Ministry of Water Resources (YB691-70). Article 5. Before lowering the drill bit each time, the drill bit should be checked. If desoldering, cracks, severe wear, etc. are found, they should be repaired or replaced in time. The connection between the faucet and the high-pressure hose must be clamped with a splint and a safety rope must be tied. Article 5.6.5
When drilling, high-pressure hoses must be pulled, and no one is allowed to stand below.
Stick rod specifications
Annual hole diameter
Stand support diameter
(China)
Seed stone properties
3~6 levels
6~9 levels
Fees 5.6.1-1
89~127146~168]219~273273~323/325~377377~42642~50/50~60
[42~50 50~60 | 73~89
Specifications (mm)
Physical alloy drill,
True diameter
The lower part is the circumference
Thread length
Joint length
85~120
450~600
120~180
1/3~1/4
3000~-6000
10～12
300~400
1 10～13
500~1000
Table 5.8.1-2
150 (two water inlets)~200 (one water inlet)426
15~25 (two water inlets)~30~50 (one water inlet)1/61/8
100~120
8~~9
The upper part of the drill head should have a 1:100 dimension. The material of the core drilling tool should be DZ40~DZ.55 steel. Before each drilling, the drilling tool should be lifted off the bottom of the hole, the mud pump should be started, and the flow reduction pump should be flushed, and then slowly rotated to the bottom of the hole, and then normal drilling should be started.
Article 5.8.7 The drill pipe shackle can be unscrewed by a wrench or automatically unscrewed by the drilling rig turntable. When using a drill to unscrew the buckle, the clutch should be engaged slowly and the rotation speed should not be too fast. When using a wrench to unscrew, care should be taken to prevent the wrench from hitting people. Article 5. When raising and lowering the drill, the drilling platform staff shall not aim their feet on the turntable, and tools and accessories shall not be placed on the turntable. Article 5. When the drill changes diameter, the guide weight must be added to the drill pipe. Stand to a certain depth and then remove it. Article 5.8.10 During the drilling process, if abnormal phenomena such as increased rotation resistance of the drill tool, increased load, insufficient pressure of the mud pump, etc. are found, the drilling should be stopped immediately and the cause should be checked. Article 5.8.11 When the drill is stuck during drilling, the main clutch must be withdrawn immediately, the turntable should be stopped, and the situation should be handled after investigation. (I) Comprehensive crushing without core drilling Article 5.8.12 The following regulations should be observed when drilling in loose layers! 1. Before drilling, you must first open a small pump to punch holes. When the drill tool rotates and starts to advance, open a large pump to punch holes to prevent the hole from tilting due to warping. 2. When using a fish drill bit, a three-wing scraper drill bit or a four-wing scraper drill bit, the drill bit cutting edge must be connected to the circle, and each blade corner point should be on a circle, and its center of the circle and the center of the drill bit joint are on the same axis. 3. When drilling in a clay layer, if you find shrinkage, drilling, cracking, etc., you can increase the drilling pressure and pump volume appropriately, and
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