GB/T 2422-2012 Guidelines for the preparation of environmental test methods Terms and definitions GB/T2422-2012 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard gives the terms and definitions used in environmental testing of electrical and electronic products, such as: components, subassemblies, assemblies and devices. Environmental conditions include: shock, vibration, climate (temperature, humidity and air pressure), sealing (preventing solid, liquid, gas from penetrating or maintaining pressure difference), welding heat (including thermal shock caused by welding). This standard does not involve the relevant terms of fire hazard testing, and its related terms are listed in GB/T5169 standard. The following conditions are not considered: solar radiation, mildew growth, corrosion, terminal strength, durability of marking, dust, sand and precipitation, nuclear radiation, sound vibration. Note 1: Chapter 2 of IEC60068-1:1988 describes the scope of environmental testing. In other standards for environmental testing, Chapter 1 describes the purpose and field of application. Note 2: This guideline mainly introduces the terms and definitions listed in the environmental test based on the classification of environmental conditions. These environmental conditions are different from the conditions in the environmental condition classification and grading standards, but they better meet the requirements of environmental test methods. Note 3: Some special vocabulary not found in environmental testing are introduced, such as vocabulary from ISO2041 and IEC60721-1:1981 standards, and the relationship between vocabulary and other source vocabulary is given.
class="f14" style="padding-top:10px; padding-left:12px; padding-bottom:10px;"> This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T2422-1995 "Terms of environmental testing for electrical and electronic products". Compared with GB/T2422-1995, the main changes are as follows:
——— Two chapters, Chapter 2 "Normative references" and Chapter 3 "Terms of environmental testing", are added, and the subsequent chapter numbers are changed accordingly;
——— "Initial test" and "Final test" are deleted from Chapter 4 "General terms", and "Environmental conditions" and "Environmental parameters" are added;
——— "Vibration period, vibration frequency, angular frequency, displacement amplitude, velocity amplitude, acceleration amplitude, composite vibration, mean square acceleration, root mean square acceleration, thrust, maximum acceleration at no load, maximum acceleration at full load, uniformity of table displacement amplitude, uniformity of table acceleration amplitude, lateral vibration, piezoelectric acceleration sensor, sensor voltage sensitivity and sensor charge sensitivity" are deleted from Chapter 5 "Shock, vibration and steady-state acceleration";
--- Added Appendix NA (Informative Appendix).
This standard adopts the translation method equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC60068-5-2:1990 (First Edition) "Environmental testing Part 5: Guide to the preparation of test methods, terms and definitions". This standard has made the following editorial changes:
———"This part of IEC60068-5-2" is changed to "this standard";
———The foreword and introduction of IEC60068-5-2:1990 are deleted;
———The foreword of the national standard is added;
———The national standards that have a corresponding relationship with the international standards are cited;
———The note under Chapter 4 "General Terms" is changed to a footnote;
———The Chinese index is added, and the Appendix A (English index) of IEC60068-5-2:1990 is changed to the English index;
———Appendix NA (informative appendix) is added;
——Added references.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Environmental Conditions and Environmental Tests for Electrical and Electronic Products (SAC/TC8).
The drafting units of this standard are: China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Electronic Industry Standardization Institute of the Ministry of Information Industry, and the Fifth Electronic Research Institute of the Ministry of Information Industry.
The main drafters of this standard are: Hu Lifen, Li Zheng, Ji Chunyang, Chen Xinxin.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are:
——GB2422-1981, GB/T2422-1995.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
IEC60068 (all parts) Environmental testing
IEC60068-1:1988 Environmental testing—Part 1: General and guidance
IEC60721-1:1981 Classification of environmental conditions—Part 1: Environmental parameters and their severities
ISO/IEC Guide 2 General terms and their definitions concerning standardisation and related activities
ISO2041 Vibration and shock—Vocabulary
Foreword I
1 Scope and purpose 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Environmental test terms1
4 General terms2
5 Shock, vibration and steady-state acceleration3
6 Climate test5
7 Sealing test7
8 Solderability test8
Appendix NA (Informative Appendix) Correspondence between China's national standards and IEC standards10
References14
Index15

ICS19.020
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
CB/T 2422-2012/1IEC: 60068-5-2:1990GB/T2422—1995
Environmental testing
Test method preparation
Terms and definitions
Environmental testing-Guide to drafting of test methods-.Terms and definitions
(1Ec 60068 5 2:1990,Environmental testing—Part 5:Guide lo drafting of testmethods-Terms and Definitions, IDT) 2012-11-05 Issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
2013-02-01 Implementation
GB/T 2422—2012/1EC60068-5-2:1990 Foreword
1 Specifications and references
2 Normative references
3 Environmental test terms
4 Common terms
5 Shock, vibration and steady-state test
6 Gas test
7 Sealing test
8 Weldability test
Appendix VA (Informative Appendix) Correspondence between Chinese national standards and IEC standards Reference missing
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GF/T 1. "2 [D. GR/T 2422-2G12/IEC.6C068-5-2.1990 This standard replaces GB/T2422-1995. There are many terms in environmental testing for electric and electronic products. Compared with GB/T2422-1995, the main changes are as follows:
Added two chapters, "Chapter 2 "Normative Reference Documents" and Chapter 3 Environmental Testing Terms", and the subsequent chapter numbers were changed accordingly; "Initial Test" and "Final Test" were deleted from Chapter 4 "General Terms", and "Environmental Conditions" were added. ” and “Environmental parameters”, in Chapter “Shock, vibration and steady-state acceleration”, “vibration amplitude, vibration rate, angular frequency, displacement amplitude, velocity amplitude, acceleration amplitude, compound dynamics, mean square acceleration, mean square acceleration, thrust, maximum acceleration without load, maximum speed with full load, uniformity of table displacement value, mean square acceleration value, axial vibration, electrical acceleration sensor, sensor voltage sensitivity and sensor charge sensitivity” were deleted: Appendix NA (material appendix) was added.
This standard uses the translation method equivalent to the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC60058-5-2:1590 (Edition 1) (Environmental testing Part 5: Test method general guidance terms and definitions). This standard has made unauthorized editorial changes: "This part of IEC60068-5-2\ is changed to "this standard"; in addition to the foreword and introduction of IEC60068-5-2:1990: a foreword with the purpose of the purpose is added;
International standards that have a corresponding relationship with international standards are cited: the notes under Chapter 4 "General terms" are changed to footnotes, Chinese indexes are added, and the English index of IECG0068-5-2:1990 is changed to English index. In order to modify the index, add the index NA (informative appendix), add references, this standard is proposed by the National Technical Committee for Environmental Testing of Electrical and Electronic Products (SAC/TC8) and is under the jurisdiction of: the drafting units of this standard, China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., the Institute of Electronics Standardization of the Ministry of Information Industry. The Fifth Institute of Electronics of the Ministry of Information Industry, the main drafters of this standard are Hu Lifen, Li Zheng, Ji Chunqi, Chen Xinxin. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are: GB2422-1981, G/T2422-1995. 1
1 Model and purpose
GB/T 2422-2012/1EC 60068-5-2:199C Test Method Writing
Environmental Testing
Guidelines for Terms and Definitions
The technical standard gives the terms and common definitions used in environmental testing of electrical and electronic products, such as components, subassemblies, assemblies and devices, environmental conditions include: shock, vibration, climate (temperature, humidity and air pressure), sealing (to prevent the penetration of substances, pathogens, gases or maintain mismatch): welding heat (including thermal shock caused by welding). This standard contains relevant terms related to fire hazard testing, and the relevant terms are listed in the GB/T5169 standard. There are no test points for the following conditions: solar radiation, long-term toxicity, corrosion, induction strength, durability of marking, individual, sand and precipitation, nuclear radiation, and acoustic detection. Note 1: Chapter 2 of 1EC50068-1,1986 describes environmental testing. Scope of the test. In other standards for environmental testing, Chapter 1 talks about the application and environment.
2: This guideline introduces the terms and definitions listed according to the environmental conditions in environmental testing. These environmental conditions are different from the conditions in the environmental conditions classification and grading standards, but they meet the requirements of the test methods. Chapter 3: Introduces the special vocabulary used in standard environmental testing, such as the vocabulary in [SO2C41 and [EC60721:1%1 standards, and gives the relationship between the vocabulary and other source vocabulary. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all references with dates, the versions with the dates are applicable to this document. For all references without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) are applicable to this document. 1 FC60068 (all parts) Environmental testing IEC60068:1955 Environmental testing - Part 1: General and European Guide IEC60721-1, 1081 Classification of environmental conditions - Part 1, Environmental parameters and their severity [ISO/IEC Guide] 2 General terms and definitions of standardization and related activities ISO2041 Vibration and shock vocabulary 3 Environmental testing terms The terms and definitions are allocated according to the main purpose of each chapter below. General terms Shock, vibration and accidental acceleration Climate test Sealing test Solderability test Identification letters (referenced from 1.3 of GB/T2421.1-2008) E, FG A, 3, C, D, MN GB/T2422--2012/IEC60058-5-2:19904 General terms 1 Test A complete environmental test operation sequence, usually including, if necessary: ​​a) pretreatment + initial inspection: c) condition test; d) recovery; e) final test Note: Intermediate inspection may be required between condition test and (or) retest. 4.2
testing/conditioning
Testing
Expose the test sample to a test environment to determine the effect of the environmental conditions on the test sample. 4.3
Environmental conditionscnviranmentalennrlitionsExternal physical, chemical and biological conditions to which the product is subjected for a specific period of time. NOTE Environmental conditions generally include natural environmental conditions and environmental conditions generated by the product itself or by external sources. [IEC, 4721-1:1981.3, 1]
Environmental parametersenvironmental parameters describe one or more physical, chemical or biological characteristics of environmental factors (e.g. temperature, humidity, acceleration). For example, most "vibration" is characterized by parameters such as vibration type (vibration, i.e., vibration), velocity and frequency. IEC SG721-1:1981,3.3]
Test sample
specimen
Sample of the designated product for environmental testing according to [FC6O68]. Note: "Test details\: The term includes auxiliary components and essential parts that are required to complete the function of the product, such as cooling, heating and mechanical or vibrating devices, etc. 4.6
Pre-conditioning
The treatment done to the test product during the conditional test to eliminate or partially offset the various effects that the test sample has experienced. 4.7
recovery
The treatment done to stabilize the performance of the test product after the conditional test and before testing 4.8
Relevant specification
relevantspecification
|A set of technical requirements that a product or material must meet and the test methods used to determine whether these requirements are met. 4.9
Severity level
A set of parameter values ​​used for testing a product. 1) The term "conditional test" mentioned in the 1300G8-2 standard is replaced by "test" in 150/IEC 60068-5-2. In this standard, the term "conditional test" is used to define this test method. 3
Combined test
A test in which two or more test environments act on the test sample at the same time. 4.11
Combined test compositetest
GB/T2422-2912/1EC60068-5-2.1990 A test in which the test sample is exposed to two or more test environments in sequence. Note 1: The time interval between each exposure may have a significant effect on the test sample and should be precisely specified. Note 2: The information is generally not pre-tested, recovered and stabilized between exposures. Note 3: Testing is carried out after the first exposure and after the last exposure. 4.12
sequence of testing
test sequence
the order in which the test sample is exposed to two or more test environments in sequence. Note 1: The time interval between each exposure usually has no significant effect on the test sample. Note 2: Pre-treatment and recovery are usually required between each exposure. Note 3: Testing is carried out before and after each exposure. The last test of the previous exposure is the test of the next exposure. 4.13
relevant atmosphere
the atmospheric value measured under any conditions is calculated and corrected for the atmosphere after the last exposure. 4. 14
referee measurements
Referee measurements
Repeated measurements made under closely controlled atmospheric conditions when the correction factors used to adjust parameters sensitive to atmospheric conditions to the standard reference atmosphere and when measurements made within a range of recommended ambient atmospheric conditions do not give satisfactory results. 5Shock, vibration and steady-state acceleration
acceleratiou of gravity
Gravitational acceleration
Standard acceleration due to the gravitational pull of a spherical object, the signal of which varies with altitude and the Earth's latitude. In environmental tests, its value is set to 10m/s, 5.2
critical frequencies
the frequency at which the test sample is dysfunctional and/or degraded due to vibration, or mechanical vibration and/or other response effects such as eye strain are generated,
crossoverfrequcncy
crossover frequency
the rate at which the vibration characteristics change from one relationship to another, Note: The test data or root mean square value (, 5,) is the rate at which the relationship between displacement-intensity rate function and constant acceleration-rate function relationship changes. 『ISO2911]
damping
A common term to describe the mechanism of large energy dissipation in a system. In practice, the value depends on many factors, such as the structural system, vibration mode, strain, force, speed, material and connection slip, etc. Note: The meaning is the same as that of ISO2041
GB/I2422—2012/IEC60058-5-2:19905.4.1
criticaldampiog
The minimum viscous damping that allows a displacement system to return to its starting position without swinging. 5.4.2
dampingratio
The ratio of actual damping to critical damping in a viscous system. 5.5
Distortion
d=(a-at)t
Where,
The root mean square value of the acceleration at the driving frequency
The total root mean square value of the external acceleration (including the value of 1).
Fixing point
The part of the test sample that is in direct contact with the mounting, wrench or impact table, at which the sample is fixed, Note: If a part of the mounting structure is used as a tool, the fixed point will be regarded as a part of the mounting structure rather than a part of the test sample. 5.7
Measuring point
A specific point at which the test data can be obtained. It is divided into two types: check point and reference point. Note: In order to evaluate the performance of the test sample, measurements can be made at certain points of the test sample, but these points are not necessarily regarded as sufficient measurement points. 5.7.1
checkpoint
the point of measurement located on the fixture, shaker, impactor or test specimen nearest to the fixed point. In either case, the checkpoint is in permanent contact with the fixture, shaker or test specimen.
referencepoint
the point selected as the primary checkpoint and whose signal is used to control the test to meet the requirements of the standard. 5.8
preferred lesting
preferred test axes
the three mutually perpendicular axes corresponding to the weakest points of the test specimen. 5.9
sincbeat
a single frequency continuous sine wave modulated by a low frequency sine wave. One period of the sine beat frequency is one period of the modulating frequency. 5.10
Modulation frequency inodnlatingfrequency The frequency of the modulated test frequency,
Test frequency test ErequencyWww.bzxZ.net
The frequency at which the test sample is excited during the test. There are two types of test frequencies as defined below: 5.11.1
Predetermined test frequency pruleterminedlestfreyuency The vibration frequency specified in the relevant specification.
Investigated test frequency investigatedtest frequencyneney The frequency room to be tested on the test product obtained by investigating the dynamic characteristics, 5.12
Sweep frequency cycle sweep frequency
GB/T2422--2012/IEC60068-5-2.1990 The frequency range specified in each direction once, such as 1Hz-35Hz-1Hz. 5. t3
time-history
recording of acceleration, velocity or displacement as a function of time. 5.14
synthesized imt-histury
synthesized time-history
time slices of a response spectrum produced artificially and whose response spectrum envelope is required. 5.15
strangpart or thc time-historythe portion of the time history from the time when the curve first reached the maximum value of 25% to the time when the curve last dropped to 25%. 5.16
vibrator
single-degree-of-freedom system used to produce or maintain mechanical motion. 5.17
response spectrum (different from the definition in ISO 2041)responsespeetrumaset of maximum response curves of a single-degree-of-freedom virtual system with a specified damping ratio under a given input stimulus. 5.18
Test response spectrum
test response spertrm
The response spectrum obtained from the actual motion of the vibration table surface by analytical method or spectrum analysis device. 5.19
Zero period acceleration
zero perilol acceleration
The frequency asymptotic value of the acceleration of the response spectrum. This is the total value of the acceleration energy represented by the ten-period acceleration, added to a time history, because it has practical significance, 5.20
High stress cyclesHigh stress cyclesResponse cycle that causes the test specimen to produce fatigue stress values. 5.21
Test quantity
test value
The maximum peak value of the test limb.
6 Climatic test
Free air conditionfreeairconditionConditions in an infinite space, in which the movement of air is only affected by the heat of the test specimen itself, and the energy radiated by the test specimen is completely absorbed by the surrounding air.
Note: In theory, this definition cannot be used for test samples heated by direct radiation, but in practice it can also be used for test samples heated by direct radiation. 5.2
Dissipating specimens hcat-dissipatingspccimen Test specimens for which the difference between the hottest temperature on the surface and the ambient temperature measured after the temperature stabilizes under the atmospheric pressure (86 kPa~106 kPs) specified by the free air conditions and the standard atmospheric conditions for the test is greater than 5°C. 6.3
Non-heat-dissipating specimens non-heat-dissipatingspecimen Test specimens for which the difference between the hottest temperature on the surface and the ambient temperature measured after the temperature stabilizes under the atmospheric pressure (BF kPa~106 kPs) specified by the free air conditions and the long-circulating atmospheric conditions for the test is less than 5°C. 6.4
Ambient temperature amhientfemperature
Air temperature defined according to the following two situations. Note: When applying these definitions, please refer to GB/T242-.1--230516. 4. 1
ambient temperature of non-heat-dissipating specimensambient temperature of non-heat-dissipating specimensThe humidity of the air surrounding non-heat-dissipating specimens. 6. 4.2
ambient temperature of heat-dissipating specimensUsed under free air conditions, the humidity of the air surrounding the heat-dissipating specimens can be understood. Note: In practice, the ambient temperature is the average value of the temperature at 1m from the test product on a horizontal plane 0mm to 50m below the test sample or at half the distance between the test product and the inner wall of the test chamber (the smaller of the two shall prevail) as the ambient temperature. 6.5
Surface temperature (shell temperature) Surlelement temperature (cuse temperature) The temperature measured at a specified point (or points) on the surface of the test product. 6.6
Test chamber (chamber) chamber
A part of the test chamber (chamber) that can achieve the specified test conditions. 6.7
Warning space
Working space
The part of the test chamber (chamber) that can maintain the specified test conditions within the specified tolerance range. 6.8
Temperature stability
temperature stability
The state when the difference between the temperature of each part of the test sample and its final temperature is within 3℃ (or other values ​​specified in relevant specifications). Note 1: The final temperature of the non-heating test sample is the average temperature of the test chamber when the test sample is placed. The final humidity of the heat test sample needs to be repeatedly measured to determine the relative humidity change of 3 (or other values ​​specified in relevant specifications). When the ratio of the time intervals of adjacent required periods is greater than 1.7, it is considered to have reached the following stable state. Note 2: When the number of heat time sections of the test sample is less than the longest duration in a given temperature, it is not necessary to measure. When the heat time constant of the test sample is the same as the duration of the difference, it should be checked to ensure stability: a) Whether the non-heating test sample is within the stable temperature range of the effective test sample: b) For the heat test sample, repeat the required time interval of the temperature change of 3 (or other values ​​specified in relevant specifications) to determine whether the ratio of the time intervals of the two parts is greater than 1.?
Note 3: In practice, when it may not be possible to directly measure the internal humidity of the test sample, some other material effect with a known numerical relationship with temperature may be measured for inspection.
Condensation
GR/T2422—2012/EC60068-5-2:1990 The phenomenon of water vapor precipitating on the surface of the test sample when the surface temperature is lower than the dew point temperature of the surrounding air, that is, the water changes from the vapor state to the aggregated liquid state.
edsorptian
The phenomenon of water vapor molecules adhering to the surface of the test sample when the surface temperature of the test sample is higher than the dew point temperature of the air. 6.11
Absorption
The aggregation of water molecules in the material.
Diffasion
The phenomenon of water molecules migrating through the material due to the difference in force. Note: Expansion leads to partial pressure balance, and the stagnant flow or laminar flow formed when water molecules pass through a large enough channel eventually leads to total pressure balance. 6.13
breathing
The exchange phenomenon between the air in the cavity and the air outside the cavity due to the change of the diameter. 7 Sealing test
leak rate
When the pressure difference on both sides of the leakage point is known, the leakage amount of dry gas with known temperature per unit time. Note: The basic inter-regional unit of full rate is "Fa·m/3\. In fact, the use of its output units \bar·cm\/s\ and \Pa·em\/a\ is more consistent with the magnitude commonly used in industry. The conversion relationship is:! Pa·r/s=:nPa-sr/s—10belc/s.7.2
Standard leak ratestandard leak rate
The rate at standard temperature and standard pressure. Note: For environmental testers, the standard temperature is 25℃ and the standard three-dimensional difference is 105Pa (1bar).7.3
Measured leak rate
measured leak rale
The leak rate of a given test article measured with a specified test gas under specified conditions. Method 1: Determine the measured leak rate at 25°C and a pressure difference of 10 Pa (1 bar) using hydrogen as the test gas. Note 2: In order to compare with the rates determined by other test methods, the measured leak rate must be calculated as an equivalent standard leak rate. 7.4
Equivalent standard leak rate
eguivalent standard leak rate||tt ||When air is used as the test gas, the standard rate of a given test sample. 7.5
time constant (of leakage)
(leakage) time constant
Assuming that the initial rate of change of the pressure difference remains unchanged, the time required for the pressure difference on both sides of the leak to reach equilibrium. Note 1: For environmental tests, the time constant is equivalent to the angle between the volume of the test sample and the equivalent standard leak rate. Note 2, see the note to 7.1.
GR/T 2422—2012/IEC:60068-5-2,19907. 6
grorsleak
equivalent standard rate greater than 1Pa·cm\/s(io“har·m/)7.7
fine leakTineleak
equivalent standard leak rate less than 1Pa·cm/s(10-bar, cm/s).7. 8
virtual leakvirtual icak
The phenomenon similar to leakage caused by the slow release of gas absorbed or trapped by the test product. B Solderability test
colophouy
The residue after extracting turpentine from the oleoresin of pine trees is mainly composed of rosin acid and similar resin drums, and also includes a small amount of resin acid resins.
Note: The synonym of rosin after tree is the same. Since it is not clear with the commonly used chemical term "iron grease", it is not recorded here. 8.2
Contact anglecnntartangle
usually refers to the angle between the section of the solid surface and the section of the liquid/solid interface at the intersection of the liquid surface and the solid surface (Figure 1. Yuan refers to the contact angle when the liquid silver contacts the solid metal surface. Iron contact angle
Select contact angle diagram
Wetting
Forming a solder adhesive layer on the surface.
Note: A small contact angle is a sign of good contact, 8.4
Non-wetting
Non-wetting
No solder adhesive layer can be formed on the surface
Note: In this case, the contact angle is much greater than 90°8
Weak wetting
GB/T 2422~-2012/[EC 6006B-5-2.1990 The molten solder retracts on the solid surface area that was initially wetted (in some cases, a very thin film may still remain). Note: Solder shrinkage, increase in contact angle,
soldercrability
solderability
The characteristic of a surface that is easily wetted by molten solder. Soldering time
solderingtime
The time required to wet a specified surface under specified conditions. Resistance to soldering heat
resistanecto solderingheat
The ability of a test sample to withstand the thermal stress generated by soldering. 9
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