Some standard content:
ICS 25.200
Standard of the Machinery Industry of the People's Republic of China
JB9198—1999
Salt Bath Sulphonitrocarburizing
Salt Bath Sulphonitrocarburizing1999-06-24 Issued
National Bureau of Machinery Industry
2000-01-01 Implementation
JB/T9198-1999
This standard is a revision of ZB/TJ36018—90 "Salt Bath Sulphonitrocarburizing". During the revision, this standard has the following changes from the original standard: the sulphurization process has been modified according to the use requirements and materials; the requirements for the appearance of hydrogenated workpieces have been added; Chapter A4 of Appendix A is supplemented. Treatment methods and discharge requirements for wastewater after oxidation cleaning. This standard replaces ZB/T J3601—90 from the date of implementation. Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard.
Appendix B of this standard is a prompt appendix.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Heat Treatment. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Wuhan Institute of Material Protection. The responsible drafters of this standard: Yuan Puchun, Hu Yizheng, Lin Feng. This standard was first issued on April 19, 1990. 1 Scope
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Salt Bath Sulpho Nitrocarburizing
Salt Bath Sulpho NitrocarburizingJB/T 9198-t999
Generation ZB/TJ36018—90
This standard specifies the salt bath sulpho nitrocarburizing process, equipment and quality inspection method of the carburized layer. It is applicable to parts, cutting tools and molds made of carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, die steel, high-speed steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant steel and cast iron. This standard does not apply to T-pieces with a tempering temperature lower than 510℃ (lower limit of co-penetration): 2 Reference standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest version of the following standards. GB89781996 Comprehensive sewage discharge standard
3 Definitions
This standard recommends the following definitions.
3.1 Salt bath sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-penetration
A chemical heat treatment process that allows sulfur, nitrogen and carbon to penetrate into the surface of the workpiece in a salt bath at a certain temperature. 3.2 Pollution-free operation
The chemical treatment operation of salt bath that meets the following conditions is called pollution-free operationa) The raw materials of salt bath do not contain oxides and other toxic substances; b) The CN (cyanide) in the salt bath under working condition is not more than 1%; c) Salt slag and cleaning wastewater only need to add a small amount of chemical agents to meet the emission standards (CN- is less than 0.5mL); d) The gas escaping from the salt surface under working condition meets the emission standards. 3.3 Sulfur-nitrogen-ammonia-carbon co-penetration base salt
A mixed salt that can provide active sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon atoms and act as a heating medium. 3.4 Regeneration salt
An additive that adjusts the composition of the salt bath and restores the activity of the aged co-penetration salt bath. 3.5 Oxidation
A salt bath that can oxidize the trace CN in the residual salt adhering to the co-penetration workpiece into CO. Sulfur-ammonia-carbon co-penetration
The co-penetration layer formed on the surface of steel is a region with chemical composition different from that of the matrix. The co-penetration layer includes a compound layer and a diffusion layer (dispersed phase precipitation layer and transition layer)
3.7 Sulfur-nitrogen-carbon compound layer
National Machinery Industry Bureau 1999-06-24 Approved 2000-01-01 Practice
JE/T9198—1999
It is mainly composed of e phase [Fe3-, (N, C) or (Fe, M) 3- (N, C)] (M is an alloying element), and contains FeS, Fe, O, and other phase components. The outer side of the compound layer is a loose area, and the inner side is a dense area. 3.8 Dispersed phase precipitation layer
The sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-penetrating sample is cooled to room temperature and tempered at [300±10]℃ for 1h to prepare the sample. After corrosion, there are nitrogen and carbon-rich areas where carbon and nitrogen compounds such as (Fe, N), alloy nitrides (MxN,) and Mx (C.N) are dispersed and precipitated under the compound layer. 3.9 Transition layer [α (N) layer]
There is no dispersion precipitation between the main layer and the matrix, but the nitrogen content is higher than the solid solution strengthening zone of the matrix. Indicated by N). 4 Equipment
4.1 Salt bath sulfur-ammonia-carbon co-penetrating furnace
4.1.1 A stainless steel pit-type electric furnace is used.
4.1.2 The temperature fluctuation range in the effective heating zone of the salt bath shall not exceed ±10%℃. 4.1.3 The sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-penetrating furnace shall be equipped with an exhaust device. When adding regeneration salt, the exhaust fan should be started, and the gas containing ammonia should be pumped to the exhaust effect 5m above the ground level.
4.2 Salt bath aeration device
The aeration device consists of compressed air (or oxygen cylinder), dryer, flow meter, stainless steel pipes connected to the camp and inserted into the salt bath. 4.3 Preheating furnace
A well-type tempering furnace or other electric furnace with a fan is used. 4.4 Oil bath furnace
An electric furnace that can heat the oil to 120~200℃ is used. 5 Preheat treatment
5.1 When structural steel parts require quenching and tempering treatment, their tempering temperature shall not be lower than the infiltration temperature. 5.7 Cutting tools and molds should be quenched and tempered, and the tempering temperature shall not be lower than the infiltration temperature. 5.3 Gray cast iron, spheroidal wall cast iron and structural parts with low requirements for matrix performance can be treated by normalizing or annealing. 5.4 Different types of stainless steel workpieces can be treated by solution treatment, aging treatment, braiding and tempering, and the aging or tempering temperature shall not be lower than the infiltration temperature.
5.5 Before fine grinding of complex-shaped parts and precision parts, stress relief annealing must be carried out, and the temperature shall not be lower than the infiltration temperature. 6 Salt bath sulfur-ammonia magnetic infiltration process
The recommended infiltration process is the salt bath sulfur-ammonia carbon infiltration process that can achieve pollution-free operation. 6.1 Before infiltration, the workpiece should be degreased and derusted, preheated at (350+20) for 15-30min or dried before being transferred to the base salt (infiltration salt bath).
6,2 Workpieces that require wear resistance should be immersed at 520℃ for 60~120min. The recommended CNO- concentration is (32 ±2)%, and S* is usually ≤10× 10-.
6. 3 Cast iron T-pieces should be heated at (565 ± 10) ℃ for 120-180 min. The recommended CNO-concentration is (34 ± 2)%, S-usually ≤20 × [0*6.4 High-speed steel cutting tools should be heated at 520~560℃ for 5~30 min. The recommended CNO-concentration is (32±2)%, S*usually ≤20×10-6.5 Stainless steel and workpieces requiring higher wear resistance and anti-bite performance should be heated at (570±10)℃ for 90-180 min. The recommended CNO-concentration is (37±2)% S~ (20~40) × [0-6, JB/T 9198--1999
6.6 After heating, the workpieces should be cooled by air, water, oil or graded in an oxidation bath according to the technical requirements. 6.7 Oxidation process: Workpieces requiring high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and commercial appearance should be oxidized in an oxidation bath at 350-380℃ after co-penetration. fo~20mine
6.8 The temperature of the co-penetration salt bath should not exceed 600%, and it should be checked in time. Under the above premise, the salt bath can be used for a long time. 6.9 During the sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-penetration process, the compressed air passing through the molten salt is calculated according to formula (1). 0-(0.10~0.15)G2/3
Where: Q flow, Limin
G The weight of the salt bath, kg:
6, 10 The composition of the salt bath for routine analysis is CNO-, and CN-, S- and CO are extracted when necessary. Under the condition that the weight of the salt bath and the amount of the furnace are basically fixed, the CNO-reduction rate is measured and analyzed once a week. 6.11 The waste water for cleaning the workpieces adhered to the sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-penetrating salt bath and the salt slag removed from the co-penetrating salt bath should be treated with chemical agents that can eliminate cyanide, and can only be discharged after meeting the requirements of GB8978 [see Appendix A (Appendix to the standard) 1.6,12 The T-pieces after co-penetration are graded and cooled in the oxidation bath before cleaning. The cleaning waste water does not contain cyanide and acid radicals. Only acid-base neutralization treatment is performed. It should be discharged after meeting the requirements of GB8978. 7 Quality requirements and inspection methods
7.1 Appearance
7.1.1 The workpiece after co-penetration is uniformly black or black-gray, and the high-speed steel cutting tool is gray. 7. [. Residual salt shall not be retained in the self-hole, narrow chain, thread, etc. 7.1.3 Bumps and scratches are not allowed on key parts such as working surfaces or cutting edges. 7.1.4 After oxidation, the 1. piece is uniformly black, blue-black or brown-black. 7.2 Hardness
7. 2.1 Surface hardness can be tested (HV10, HV5 or HV1J; microhardness test HV0.I or HVQ.05. 7.2.2. Important parts should be tested for surface hardness piece by piece or 10%→20% of the parts loaded in each furnace should be randomly sampled. For general parts, at least one piece should be sampled per furnace or per shift. Microhardness should be sampled only when the hardness gradient of the infiltration layer is determined and the quality of the judgment is qualified or not. 7.2.3 The infiltration layer hardness of all commonly used materials is shown in Table 1. 7.3 Depth of infiltration layer
7.3.1 The measurement of compound layer and diffusion depth shall adopt the etchant and measurement method recommended by the relevant standards. 7.3.2 For sulfur-nitrogen-carbon infiltration parts of general steel grades, it is usually only necessary to measure the depth of compound layer and dispersed phase precipitation layer. The sum of the depths of these two layers is roughly the same as the distance measured vertically from the surface of the sample to the point where the microhardness value is 30~50HV higher than that of the matrix. Stainless steel and heat-resistant steel usually only measure the depth of compound layer, and high-speed steel tools only measure the depth of dispersed phase precipitation layer. 7.3.3 When measuring the total depth of infiltration layer, the microhardness method is used. Load 100g or more, measure the microhardness along the universal direction perpendicular to the specimen surface, and take the first point where the hardness is lower than the matrix as the end point of the transition layer. 7.3. 4 The depth and hardness of the co-infiltration layer of several commonly used materials are shown in Table 1. Material
35CrMoy
QT600-3
WI8Cr4V
3Cr2w8y
Heat treatment method
Ze quenching. Intermediate quenching
Sulfur-ammonia-carbon co-infiltration process
565 ±10
550 ±10
565±10
550 ±10
570 ±10
120-180
90~120
90~150
90~180
Table 1 Common layer detection depth and hardness of several commonly used materials Sulfur, nitrogen and carbon Its hysteresis layer detection 1
Cooling method after common
Air cooling, water cooling
Or oxidizing salt grading
Air cooling or oxidizing
Salt grading cooling
Compound layer
Dispersed phase precipitation layer
300~420||tt| |[70~240
70~120
Total depth of co-carburization layer
650-900
300-430
Solidification treatment
1Cr18Ni9Ti
120-180
) The co-carburization layer is fully measured after air cooling and corrosion with 3% HNOC, H, OH, 2) The hardness of the co-carburization layer refers to the depth of, 1: the maximum microscopic impact hardness (HV0.05_) within the time limit is lower than the surface hardness (HVI0 or IIV5.1, HV1). HV0.05mr
Hardness of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-coating
JB/T 9198 -1999
7.4 Microstructure of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon compound layer
JB/T9198-1999
The control indexes of the loose area depth () of the compound layer, the dense area depth (.) and the total depth (,) of the compound layer vary according to the different performance requirements of the workpiece service conditions [for specific requirements and representative microstructures, see Appendix B (Suggestive Appendix]]. 7.5 Straightening of parts with excessive deformation
Workpieces with excessive deformation can be straightened by pressurization, and the heating temperature should be lower than the co-infiltration temperature. After straightening, hang vertically in the furnace and keep warm at (400±10) for 2~4 h.
JET 9198--1999bzxz.net
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Treatment Methods for Cleaning Wastewater and Salt Slag
A1 Use alkali waste liquid containing sodium hypofluorite [NaOCl] to remove chloride radicals. Every 6.7g of NaOCl can eliminate 1 CN. If the waste liquid for making NaOH contains 5% NaOCl, the NaOCl base is 58.7g/L. It should be able to eliminate 8.76g CN. For the sake of easy memory and safety and reliability, the amount of waste liquid can be calculated based on the elimination of 1g CN- for every 10g of NaOCl. If calculated according to the effective chlorine concentration standard, when [CI] is 3%, the waste liquid contains 74g/L NaOCI, and the rest is analogous. A2 Use ferrous sulfate and algae powder to eliminate cyanide. For every 1gCN eliminated, more than 10 FesO4, 3gCa (oCI), 4H,O (industrial bleaching powder) should be added. For example, after cleaning 1 tT of parts with 1t of cleaning water, CN is not more than 40 g/t, add 400 FeSO, 120 g Ca (OCI), 4H,O, stir for 3-5 min, let it stand for 5~10min and then discharge.
A3 The slag removed from the co-osmosis salt bath contains less than 0.1% CN-. Add about 20kg water for every !kg of slag. After boiling, add 10gFesO. and 3Ca (OC1), 4H2O or add the waste liquid of caustic soda equivalent to 10gNaOCl, stir for 3--5min, let stand for 5-10min, the egg can be discharged,
The above three treatment methods can all reach the discharge standard of CN-less than 0.5 m. A4 Oxidized cleaning wastewater. When pH>9, it is necessary to use industrial waste acid for acid-base neutralization treatment to reach the discharge standard of pH≤9. JB/T 9198-1999
Radiation Record B
(Appendix of Prompt)
Sulfur, oxygen and phosphorus compounds contain pressure characteristics and the microstructure with degradation is mainly to improve wear resistance and improve general corrosion resistance, and improve fatigue resistance and friction reduction as auxiliary, B1
When it is required to improve wear resistance, reduction rate and fatigue resistance, 6≥8. When the main purpose is to improve the reduction rate, anti-scratch and anti-seizure performance, and the improvement of other properties is supplementary, the microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer is shown in Figures B1~B5, and the corrosive agent is 3% nitric acid alcohol. Figure No.
35CrMoy
ICrI8Ni9TE
WISCr4y
Pre-heat treatment process
Solution treatment
Annealing and tempering
Characteristics of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer
Mainly dense area, 8#>8.
Dense area is wide, 6>」6.
Loose area is wide,.
Mainly loose area,. .
No compound layer
, and 5 μma
To solve the problem of seizure, the loose area can be as wide as (23-3/4) 8
High-speed steel tools require the release phase precipitation layer as the main layer, and the allowable compound layer depth is 0-3μm Figure B1
JB/T 9198-1999
Microstructure of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compound layer (500×) Figure B54 The depth and hardness of the co-carburizing layer of several commonly used materials are shown in Table 1. Material
35CrMoy
QT600-3
WI8Cr4V
3Cr2w8y
Heat treatment method
Ze fire. Intermediate fire
Sulfur-ammonia-carburizing process
565 ±10
550 ±10
565±10
550 ±10
570 ±10
120-180
90~120
90~150
90~180
Table 1 Common layer detection depth and hardness of several commonly used materials Sulfur, nitrogen and carbon Its hysteresis layer detection 1
Cooling method after common
Air cooling, water cooling
Or oxidizing salt grading
Air cooling or oxidizing
Salt grading cooling
Compound layer
Dispersed phase precipitation layer
300~420||tt| |[70~240
70~120
Total depth of co-carburization layer
650-900
300-430
Solidification treatment
1Cr18Ni9Ti
120-180
) The co-carburization layer is fully measured after air cooling and corrosion with 3% HNOC, H, OH, 2) The hardness of the co-carburization layer refers to the depth of, 1: the maximum microscopic impact hardness (HV0.05_) within the time limit is lower than the surface hardness (HVI0 or IIV5.1, HV1). HV0.05mr
Hardness of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-coating
JB/T 9198 -1999
7.4 Microstructure of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon compound layer
JB/T9198-1999
The control indexes of the loose area depth () of the compound layer, the dense area depth (.) and the total depth (,) of the compound layer vary according to the different performance requirements of the workpiece service conditions [for specific requirements and representative microstructures, see Appendix B (Suggestive Appendix]]. 7.5 Straightening of parts with excessive deformation
Workpieces with excessive deformation can be straightened by pressurization, and the heating temperature should be lower than the co-infiltration temperature. After straightening, hang vertically in the furnace and keep warm at (400±10) for 2~4 h.
JET 9198--1999
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Treatment Methods for Cleaning Wastewater and Salt Slag
A1 Use alkali waste liquid containing sodium hypofluorite [NaOCl] to remove chloride radicals. Every 6.7g of NaOCl can eliminate 1 CN. If the waste liquid for making NaOH contains 5% NaOCl, the NaOCl base is 58.7g/L. It should be able to eliminate 8.76g CN. For the sake of easy memory and safety and reliability, the amount of waste liquid can be calculated based on the elimination of 1g CN- for every 10g of NaOCl. If calculated according to the effective chlorine concentration standard, when [CI] is 3%, the waste liquid contains 74g/L NaOCI, and the rest is analogous. A2 Use ferrous sulfate and algae powder to eliminate cyanide. For every 1gCN eliminated, more than 10 FesO4, 3gCa (oCI), 4H,O (industrial bleaching powder) should be added. For example, after cleaning 1 tT of parts with 1t of cleaning water, CN is not more than 40 g/t, add 400 FeSO, 120 g Ca (OCI), 4H,O, stir for 3-5 min, let it stand for 5~10min and then discharge.
A3 The slag removed from the co-osmosis salt bath contains less than 0.1% CN-. Add about 20kg water for every !kg of slag. After boiling, add 10gFesO. and 3Ca (OC1), 4H2O or add the waste liquid of caustic soda equivalent to 10gNaOCl, stir for 3--5min, let stand for 5-10min, the egg can be discharged,
The above three treatment methods can all reach the discharge standard of CN-less than 0.5 m. A4 Oxidized cleaning wastewater. When pH>9, it is necessary to use industrial waste acid for acid-base neutralization treatment to reach the discharge standard of pH≤9. JB/T 9198-1999
Radiation Record B
(Appendix of Prompt)
Sulfur, oxygen and phosphorus compounds contain pressure characteristics and the microstructure with degradation is mainly to improve wear resistance and improve general corrosion resistance, and improve fatigue resistance and friction reduction as auxiliary, B1
When it is required to improve wear resistance, reduction rate and fatigue resistance, 6≥8. When the main purpose is to improve the reduction rate, anti-scratch and anti-seizure performance, and the improvement of other properties is supplementary, the microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer is shown in Figures B1~B5, and the corrosive agent is 3% nitric acid alcohol. Figure No.
35CrMoy
ICrI8Ni9TE
WISCr4y
Pre-heat treatment process
Solution treatment
Annealing and tempering
Characteristics of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer
Mainly dense area, 8#>8.
Dense area is wide, 6>」6.
Loose area is wide,.
Mainly loose area,. .
No compound layer
, and 5 μma
To solve the problem of seizure, the loose area can be as wide as (23-3/4) 8
High-speed steel tools require the release phase precipitation layer as the main layer, and the allowable compound layer depth is 0-3μm Figure B1
JB/T 9198-1999
Microstructure of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compound layer (500×) Figure B54 The depth and hardness of the co-carburizing layer of several commonly used materials are shown in Table 1. Material
35CrMoy
QT600-3
WI8Cr4V
3Cr2w8y
Heat treatment method
Ze fire. Intermediate fire
Sulfur-ammonia-carburizing process
565 ±10
550 ±10
565±10
550 ±10
570 ±10
120-180
90~120
90~150
90~180
Table 1 Common layer detection depth and hardness of several commonly used materials Sulfur, nitrogen and carbon Its hysteresis layer detection 1
Cooling method after common
Air cooling, water cooling
Or oxidizing salt grading
Air cooling or oxidizing
Salt grading cooling
Compound layer
Dispersed phase precipitation layer
300~420||tt| |[70~240
70~120
Total depth of co-carburization layer
650-900
300-430
Solidification treatment
1Cr18Ni9Ti
120-180
) The co-carburization layer is fully measured after air cooling and corrosion with 3% HNOC, H, OH, 2) The hardness of the co-carburization layer refers to the depth of, 1: the maximum microscopic impact hardness (HV0.05_) within the time limit is lower than the surface hardness (HVI0 or IIV5.1, HV1). HV0.05mr
Hardness of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon co-coating
JB/T 9198 -1999
7.4 Microstructure of sulfur-nitrogen-carbon compound layer
JB/T9198-1999
The control indexes of the loose area depth () of the compound layer, the dense area depth (.) and the total depth (,) of the compound layer vary according to the different performance requirements of the workpiece service conditions [for specific requirements and representative microstructures, see Appendix B (Suggestive Appendix]]. 7.5 Straightening of parts with excessive deformation
Workpieces with excessive deformation can be straightened by pressurization, and the heating temperature should be lower than the co-infiltration temperature. After straightening, hang vertically in the furnace and keep warm at (400±10) for 2~4 h.
JET 9198--1999
Appendix A
(Standard Appendix)
Treatment Methods for Cleaning Wastewater and Salt Slag
A1 Use alkali waste liquid containing sodium hypofluorite [NaOCl] to remove chloride radicals. Every 6.7g of NaOCl can eliminate 1 CN. If the waste liquid for making NaOH contains 5% NaOCl, the NaOCl base is 58.7g/L. It should be able to eliminate 8.76g CN. For the sake of easy memory and safety and reliability, the amount of waste liquid can be calculated based on the elimination of 1g CN- for every 10g of NaOCl. If calculated according to the effective chlorine concentration standard, when [CI] is 3%, the waste liquid contains 74g/L NaOCI, and the rest is analogous. A2 Use ferrous sulfate and algae powder to eliminate cyanide. For every 1gCN eliminated, more than 10 FesO4, 3gCa (oCI), 4H,O (industrial bleaching powder) should be added. For example, after cleaning 1 tT of parts with 1t of cleaning water, CN is not more than 40 g/t, add 400 FeSO, 120 g Ca (OCI), 4H,O, stir for 3-5 min, let it stand for 5~10min and then discharge.
A3 The slag removed from the co-osmosis salt bath contains less than 0.1% CN-. Add about 20kg water for every !kg of slag. After boiling, add 10gFesO. and 3Ca (OC1), 4H2O or add the waste liquid of caustic soda equivalent to 10gNaOCl, stir for 3--5min, let stand for 5-10min, the egg can be discharged,
The above three treatment methods can all reach the discharge standard of CN-less than 0.5 m. A4 Oxidized cleaning wastewater. When pH>9, it is necessary to use industrial waste acid for acid-base neutralization treatment to reach the discharge standard of pH≤9. JB/T 9198-1999
Radiation Record B
(Appendix of Prompt)
Sulfur, oxygen and phosphorus compounds contain pressure characteristics and the microstructure with degradation is mainly to improve wear resistance and improve general corrosion resistance, and improve fatigue resistance and friction reduction as auxiliary, B1
When it is required to improve wear resistance, reduction rate and fatigue resistance, 6≥8. When the main purpose is to improve the reduction rate, anti-scratch and anti-seizure performance, and the improvement of other properties is supplementary, the microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer is shown in Figures B1~B5, and the corrosive agent is 3% nitric acid alcohol. Figure No.
35CrMoy
ICrI8Ni9TE
WISCr4y
Pre-heat treatment process
Solution treatment
Annealing and tempering
Characteristics of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer
Mainly dense area, 8#>8.
Dense area is wide, 6>」6.
Loose area is wide,.
Mainly loose area,. .
No compound layer
, and 5 μma
To solve the problem of seizure, the loose area can be as wide as (23-3/4) 8
High-speed steel tools require the release phase precipitation layer as the main layer, and the allowable compound layer depth is 0-3μm Figure B1
JB/T 9198-1999
Microstructure of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compound layer (500×) Figure B55 m discharge standard. A4 Oxidized cleaning wastewater. When pH>9, it is necessary to use industrial waste acid for acid-base neutralization treatment to achieve the discharge efficiency standard of pH≤9. JB/T 9198—1999
Radiation Record B
(Appendix of Prompt)
Characteristics of sulfur-oxygen-phosphorus compound pressure and the microstructure with degradation characteristics. To improve wear resistance and improve general corrosion resistance, improve fatigue resistance and reduce friction as a supplement, B1
Requires to improve wear resistance, reduction rate, and fatigue resistance, 6≥two 8. To improve reduction rate, anti-scratch, anti-seizure performance as a supplement, improve other properties as a supplement, the microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer is shown in Figure B1~B5, and the corrosive agent is 3% nitric acid alcohol. Figure No.
35CrMoy
ICrI8Ni9TE
WISCr4y
Preheat treatment process
Solution treatment
Annealing and tempering
Characteristics of sulfur-carbon compound layer
Mainly dense area, 8#>8.
Dense area is wide, 6>」6.
Loose area is wide, 6>」6.
Mainly loose area, 6>」6.
No compound layer
, and 5 μma
To solve the problem of seizure, the loose area can be as wide as (23-3/4) 8
High-speed steel tools require the release phase precipitation layer as the main layer, and the allowable compound layer depth is 0-3μm Figure B1
JB/T 9198-1999
Microstructure of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compound layer (500×) Figure B55 m discharge standard. A4 Oxidized cleaning wastewater. When pH>9, it is necessary to use industrial waste acid for acid-base neutralization treatment to achieve the discharge efficiency standard of pH≤9. JB/T 9198—1999
Radiation Record B
(Appendix of Prompt)
Characteristics of sulfur-oxygen-phosphorus compound pressure and the microstructure with degradation characteristics. To improve wear resistance and improve general corrosion resistance, improve fatigue resistance and reduce friction as a supplement, B1
Requires to improve wear resistance, reduction rate, and fatigue resistance, 6≥two 8. To improve reduction rate, anti-scratch, anti-seizure performance as a supplement, improve other properties as a supplement, the microstructure of the nitrogen-carbon compound layer is shown in Figure B1~B5, and the corrosive agent is 3% nitric acid alcohol. Figure No.
35CrMoy
ICrI8Ni9TE
WISCr4y
Preheat treatment process
Solution treatment
Annealing and tempering
Characteristics of sulfur-carbon compound layer
Mainly dense area, 8#>8.
Dense area is wide, 6>」6.
Loose area is wide, 6>」6.
Mainly loose area, 6>」6.
No compound layer
, and 5 μma
To solve the problem of seizure, the loose area can be as wide as (23-3/4) 8
High-speed steel tools require the release phase precipitation layer as the main layer, and the allowable compound layer depth is 0-3μm Figure B1
JB/T 9198-1999
Microstructure of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compound layer (500×) Figure B5
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