GB 16910-1997 Basic technical conditions for labor hygiene in small industrial enterprises
Some standard content:
GB16910—1997
This standard is a national standard proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Dust and Poison Prevention Engineering in May 1995 and approved by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision.
This standard specifies the requirements for building hygiene, production process layout and labor health protection to ensure the basic technical conditions for labor health in small industrial enterprises.
Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix. This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Dust and Poison Prevention Engineering. The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Institute of Environmental Health and Sanitary Engineering, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine. Participating drafting units of this standard: Occupational Safety and Health and Boiler and Pressure Vessel Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Labor, Department of Safety Engineering of Capital University of Economics and Business, Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control of Zhejiang Provincial Health and Epidemic Prevention Station, Zhejiang Haining Dust Removal Equipment Industrial Corporation. The main drafters of this standard: Shao Qiang, Chen Bainian, Guo Jianzhong, Qian Yisong, Hong Lianrong, Gao Yanling, Shi Jin. 438
1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Elementary technological conditions of Tabour health for constructing small industrial enterprises This standard specifies the requirements for the basic technological conditions of Tabour health for constructing small industrial enterprises. This standard applies to all newly built, rebuilt, expanded and technologically transformed small industrial enterprises. This standard does not apply to mine construction.
2 Referenced standards
GB 16910-1997
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB4792—84 Basic standard for radiation health protection Classification of occupational exposure to toxic substances
GB 5044--85
GB8702-88 Provisions for electromagnetic radiation protection
GB 10434—89
GB 10435--89
GB 10436—89
GB 10437--89
GB 50033—91
GB 50034--92
GB 50187—93
GB J19--87
GB J87—87
Health standard for local vibration in the workplace
Health standard for laser radiation in the workplace
Health standard for microwave radiation in the workplace
Health standard for ultra-high frequency radiation in the workplace
Lighting design standard for industrial enterprises
Lighting design standard for industrial enterprises
General layout design specification for industrial enterprises
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning design specification
Noise control design specification for industrial enterprises
Protection rules for industrial X-ray flaw detectors below 5500 kV ZB Y315---85
TJ36—79 Design health standard for industrial enterprises Jingqi (1988) No. 240 Standard for the classification of large, medium and small industrial enterprises Guojingmaoqi (1992) No. 176 Standard for the classification of large, medium and small industrial enterprises (supplementary standard) 3 Definitions
This standard adopts the following definitions.
3. 1 Small industrial enterprises are classified according to the Classification Standards for Large, Medium and Small Industrial Enterprises (No. 240, 1988) and the Classification Standards for Large, Medium and Small Industrial Enterprises (Supplementary Standards) (No. 176, 1992).
3. 2 Elementary technological conditions of labour healthApproved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on July 7, 1997 and implemented on January 1, 1998
GB16910—1997
Includes building hygiene requirements and basic technical conditions for protection against dust, poison, noise, vibration, high temperature, low temperature, cold water, radiation, etc., in order to control occupational hazards and protect the health of employees. 4 Building hygiene requirements
4.1 Factory buildings must be separated from residential areas and must not be mixed. The layout should comply with the requirements of GB50187. 4.2 Factory buildings that emit a large amount of heat should be single-story buildings. When a hot workshop must be set up in a multi-story building, the hot workshop should be located on the top floor of the building. ||tt| |4.3 If a single-span plant has a workshop that produces dust and toxic and harmful gases, it should be isolated from other functional buildings. 4.4 When arranging process equipment in a multi-span plant, the cold and hot spans should be arranged at intervals. The plan layout of a heat processing plant should be "L" type, "H" type or "Mountain" type. The opening part is located on the windward side of the dominant wind direction in summer, and the longitudinal axis of each wing of the surface forms an angle of 0 to 45° with the dominant wind direction. The distance between the wings of a "H" type or "Mountain" type building is generally not less than half of the sum of the heights of the two adjacent wings (from the ground to the roof), and should not be less than 15m. If a large amount of harmful substances are not produced in the building, the distance shall not be less than the height of the higher building of the two buildings (from the ground to the eaves).||tt ||4.5 The lowest floor height of the factory building should not be lower than 3.0m. For factories where the building volume occupied by each worker is less than 20m2, the amount of fresh air per person per hour should be guaranteed to be no less than 30m2. If the occupied volume is 20~40m, the amount of fresh air per person per hour should be guaranteed to be no less than 20m. When the occupied volume exceeds 40m, ventilation can be achieved by air infiltrating through doors and windows. 4.6 For workshops that produce mercury and other toxic substances, the surfaces of the enclosing structures such as walls, sheds and floors should be made of materials that do not absorb toxic substances, and a protective layer should be added to facilitate cleaning. The intersection of the wall and the floor should be rounded. 4.7 Workshops that produce toxic substances or highly corrosive media should have facilities for washing the floor and walls. The workshop floor should be flat and smooth , easy to clean. The ground where liquids are often present should be impermeable and free of water accumulation, and a slope should be set up for the drainage system. A water seal should be set up for drainage, and wastewater should be included in the industrial wastewater treatment system. 4.8 The ground of the workshop that produces dust should be flat and smooth and easy to clean. When flushing with water, the ground should be impermeable and free of water accumulation, and a slope should be set up for drainage system. A water seal should be set up for drainage, and wastewater should be included in the industrial wastewater treatment system. 4.9 For workshops that are mainly ventilated by nature, the design of the skylight in the workshop should meet the hygienic requirements: small resistance coefficient, large ventilation volume, easy to open, and adapt to seasonal adjustment. The area of the skylight exhaust port should be slightly larger than the sum of the areas of the air inlet and the air inlet door. The heat treatment workshop should be equipped with a skylight windshield, and the lower edge of the side window of the workshop should not be higher than 1.2m from the ground. 4.10 When designing a centralized heating workshop, the winter air temperature of the work place in the workshop should meet the requirements of the relevant provisions of TJ36. In areas where the outdoor calculated temperature for winter heating is below -20℃, the door lobby and outer room should be set according to the specific situation. 4.11 Workshops that use a lot of water or produce high humidity should take necessary drainage and moisture-proof facilities. 4.12 The enclosure structure of the workshop (excluding doors and windows) should prevent rainwater and snow water from penetrating. The inner surface of the national enclosure structure of the heating workshop should prevent condensation of water vapor (except for workshops that are particularly humid and allow condensation of water vapor on the wall). 4.13 The standard value of the daylight coefficient on the working surface of the production workshop should meet the requirements of GB50033. The side windows should be evenly distributed in all directions of the workshop, and the width of the wall between the windows should not be greater than twice the width of the window. The upper edge of the window should be close to the ceiling, and the lower edge of the window should not be higher than 1.2m from the ground. 4.14 The working surface should have sufficient illumination, and its standard value should meet the requirements of GB50034. 5 Requirements for production process layout
5.1 Basic principles
5.1.1 In addition to meeting the requirements of the production process, the relationship between the arrangement of each workshop must also take into account the harmful factors that may be generated in some workshop sections and affect the air cleanliness, quietness, ventilation, and lighting of other workshops. 5.1.2 Workshops that generate dust, smoke and toxic substances during the production process should be located on the upwind side of the lowest frequency wind direction in the entire factory area throughout the year. 5.1.3 The longitudinal axis of the high-temperature workshop should be perpendicular to the dominant wind direction in the hot season, and the angle between the longitudinal axis and the dominant wind direction should not be less than 45°. 5.1.4 Workshops that generate noise should be far away from other workshops, administrative areas and living areas. 5.2 Arrangement of sources of occupational hazards
5.2.1 When production processes that emit different harmful substances are arranged in the same building, those with greater toxicity and those with less toxicity should be separated; when production equipment that emits heat and 440
GB 16910—1997
harmful gases is arranged in a multi-story building, it should be reasonably arranged vertically according to the nature of the heat source and toxic substances, and protective measures should be strengthened. 5.2.2 Equipment that allows remote control in terms of process and has greater noise and vibration should be centrally operated in a soundproof room to separate the noise source from the operator.
5.2.3 When natural ventilation is mainly through-the-hall wind, the heat source should be stacked on the upwind side of the wind direction with the lowest frequency in summer. When natural ventilation is mainly based on heat pressure, the heat source should be arranged below the skylight as much as possible. 6 Labor Health Protection
6.1 Dust, Toxic Substances
6.1.1 For operations that produce dust and toxic hazards, closed, negative pressure operation or isolation measures should be taken. 6.1.2 For production processes that cannot be closed and separated, local ventilation, full ventilation and mixed ventilation measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the process and the characteristics of harmful substances, so that the dust and toxic concentration in the workshop air meets the national health standards. 6.1.3 The design of ventilation, dust removal, detoxification and purification systems and air conditioning systems should comply with the requirements of GBJ19 and the corresponding dust and toxicity technical specifications and regulations.
6.1.4 The local mechanical ventilation system should include exhaust hoods, ventilation ducts, fans and purification devices and other equipment. The layout of ventilation ducts should be reasonable. For ducts that are prone to condensation of steam and accumulation of dust, and for ventilation ducts where several substances are mixed and can cause explosions, combustion to form more harmful mixtures and compounds, independent explosion-proof ventilation systems should be installed. 6.1.5 Workshops or places where acids, alkalis or other corrosive substances are used or produced should be equipped with water supply facilities for flushing skin or eyes. 6. 2 High temperature, low temperature, cold water
6.2.1 The high temperature heat source outside the workshop should be placed on the windward side of the local minimum frequency wind direction in summer outside the workshop. The high temperature heat source inside the workshop should be placed under the skylight or near the side window of the outer wall on the leeward side of the workshop. 6.2.2 The heat protection and cooling measures for high temperature operation workshops should be implemented in accordance with TJ36 and corresponding specifications. 6.2.3 The technical measures for low temperature and cold water control in the workshop should be implemented in accordance with TJ36. 6.3 Noise and vibration
6.3.1 Low-noise processes and equipment should be selected. If they cannot meet the requirements, noise elimination, sound absorption and comprehensive control measures should be taken to make them comply with the provisions of GBJ87.
6.3.2 Workshops that produce strong vibrations should take measures to prevent vibration transmission, and the walls of the workshops should be thickened. 6.3.3 Production equipment with large noise and vibration should be installed on the ground floor of a single-story factory building or a multi-story building; vibration isolation foundations should be designed for equipment with large vibration amplitude and high power.
6.4 Radiation
6.4.1 The radiation health protection requirements for units and places engaged in radioactive isotope work and operating instruments and meters with radioactive substances or equipment or devices that produce ionizing radiation should be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB4792 and relevant standards. 6.4.2 The radiation health protection requirements for units and places engaged in industrial radiation devices should be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of ZBY315. 6.4.3 Equipment that generates non-ionizing radiation such as high frequency and microwaves should be connected to the ground wire metal shield. For the electromagnetic radiation protection of the workshop, it should be implemented in accordance with GB8702, GB10437, GB10436, GB10435 and other regulations. 6.4.4 Workplaces that generate ionizing radiation should be located in a separate building or at the end of the building, and there should be sufficient building area. The building, doors and windows should meet the radiation protection requirements, and there should be ventilation facilities indoors. 6.5 Auxiliary rooms
6.5.1 Enterprises should set up living and sanitary rooms according to production characteristics and actual needs, including bathrooms, dressing rooms, women's health rooms, medical rooms, lounges (including drinking water facilities), canteens, toilets, etc. Living and sanitary rooms should be separated from workshops that generate toxic and harmful substances and high temperatures and radiation. 6.5.2 Disinfection, dust removal rooms and drying rooms should be set up for special places with biological hazards and high humidity. 44t | | tt | 8779—88
GB 8780-88
GB10328—89
GB10329—89
GB 10330—89
GB 10331—89
GB 10332—89
GB 10333--89
GB 10439—89
GB1151689
GB11517—89
GB 11518—89
GB 11519-89
GB11520-—89
GB11521—89
GB 11522—89bzxz.net
GB11524—89
GB 11525—89
GB11526—89
GB 11527——89
GB 11528—89
GB 11529—89
GB11530—89
GB 16910-1997
Appendix A
Recommended Appendix)
Related national standards
Standard name
Health standard for methyl acrylate in workshop airHealth standard for acrylate and its compounds in workshop airHealth standard for fluoropropylene in workshop air
Health standard for methyl methacrylate in workshop airHealth standard for sulfur hexafluoride in workshop air
Health standard for phosphamide in workshop air
Health standard for lithium hydride in workshop air
Health standard for dimethylacetamide in workshop airHealth standard for graphite dust in workshop air
Health standard for fur dust in workshop air
Health standard for light morning dust in workshop air
Health standard for perlite dust in workshop airHealth standard for mica dust in workshop air
Health standard for Hygienic standard for activated carbon dust in workshop airHygienic standard for fluorite mixed dust in workshop airHygienic standard for phosphorus trifluoride in workshop air
Hygienic standard for ethylenediamine in workshop air
Hygienic standard for liquefied petroleum gas in workshop airHygienic standard for intermediate benzophenone in workshop air
Hygienic standard for methacrylic acid epoxyacetone in workshop airHygienic standard for vermiculite dust in workshop air
Hygienic standard for titanium dioxide dust in workshop airHygienic standard for fluoroacetate in workshop air
Hygienic standard for acrylamide in workshop air
Hygienic standard for thiocarbide in workshop airHygienic standard for grinding wheel dust in workshop air
Hygienic standard for diamond and its oxide in workshop airHygienic standard for trimethyl phosphate in workshop airMaximum allowable concentration
(or standard value), mg /m3
0.02(Pi)
10(Pi)
2(Pi)
0.3(Pi)
0.3 (skin)
Standard number
GB 11531--89
GB11532—89
GB 11719-89
GB 11720-—89
GB 11721—89
GB 11722—89
GB 11723--89
GB 11724—89
GB 11725—89
GB 11726—89
GB 16182--1996
GB 16183—1996
GB 16184—1996
GB 16185—1996
GB 16186—1996
GB 16187—1996
GB 16188—1996
GB 16189---1996
GB 16190—1996
GB 16191—1996
GB 16192---1996
GB 16193--1996
GB 16194-1996
GB 16195--1996
GB 16196--1996
GB 16197--1996
GB 16198-—1996
GB 16199—1996
GB 16200-1996
GB16910—1997
Table A1 (continued)
Standard Name
Hygiene standard for copper dust (smoke) in workshop air
Hygiene standard for raffinate oil (50~220℃) in workshop airHygiene standard for free-flowing gasoline in workshop air
Hygiene standard for trichlorfon in workshop air
Hygiene standard for ethylene oxide in workshop air
Hygiene standard for vanadium and its compounds in workshop air Hygienic standards for 1.2-dichloroethane in airHygienic standards for workshop air containing 50% to 80% free silicon difluoride dustHygienic standards for workshop air containing more than 80% free silicon dioxide dustHygienic standards for aluminum, aluminum oxide, and aluminum alloy dust in workshop airHygienic standards for acetyl ether in workshop air
Hygienic standards for thallium in workshop air
Hygienic standards for sulfamide in workshop air
Hygienic standards for tantalum in workshop air
Hygienic standards for fluthrin in workshop air
Hygienic standards for flumethrin in workshop air
Hygienic standards for hydrazoic acid and sodium azide in the airHygienic standards for oxydemeton-methyl in workshop air
Hygienic standards for isocyanate in workshop air
Hygienic standards for ethylene glycol in workshop air
Hygienic standards for trifluoromethyl hypofluorite in workshop airHygienic standards for fluoromethane in workshop air
Hygienic standards for toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in workshop airHygienic standards for electric welding fumes in workshop air
Hygienic standards for magnesium oxide (smoke) in workshop airLectin dioxide in workshop air Hygienic standard for silicon dust Hygienic standard for wood dust in workshop air
Hygienic standard for cotton dust in workshop air
Hygienic standard for dibutyl laurate in workshop air Hygienic standard for cypermethrin in workshop air
Maximum allowable concentration
(or standard value), mg/m
Copper dust 1.0
Copper smoke 0.2
Metals Vanadium, ferrovanadium alloy, vanadium carbide 1.0
Nonano compound dust 0.1
Vanadium compound smoke 0. 02
Molybdenum, aluminum alloy dust 4
Aluminum oxide dust 6
0.01(skin)
Azoic acid 0. 2
Sodium azide 0. 3
0.3(skin)
1.0(skin)
Free SO, <10% 8
Free SO, <10%
0.2(skin)
0.05(skin)
Standard No.
GB16201—1996
GB 16202---1996
GB16203—1996
GB 16204—1996
GB16205--1996
GB 16206--1996
GB 16207—1996
GB 16208-1996
GB 16209-1996
GB16210-1996
GB 16211—1996
GB 16212--1996
GB 16213—1996
GB 16214—1996
GB 16215—1996
GB 16216—1996
GB 16217—1996
GB 16218—1996
GB 16219-1996
GB 16220—1996
GB 16221--1996
GB 16222--1996
GB16223—1996
GB16224--1996
GB 16225—1996
GB 16226—1996
GB 16227—1996
GB 16228-1996
GB 16229—1996
GB 16910-1997
Table A1 (continued)
Standard name
Health standard for carbon dioxide in workshop air
Health standard for chloroprene in workshop air
Health standard for power frequency electric field in workplace
Health standard for tetrafluoroethylene in workshop air
Health standard for styrene in workshop air
Health standard for diatomite dust in workshop airHealth standard for marble dust in workshop airHealth standard for ethylene in workshop air
Health standard for polypropylene in workshop air
Health standard for inlay and its inorganic compounds in workshop airHealth standard for long-term phosphorus in workshop air
Health standard for nitroglycerin in workshop air
Health standard for acrylic acid in workshop air
Health standard for ethylamine in workshop air
Phenylbenzene in workshop air Hygienic standard for diformic anhydrideHygienic standard for tin dioxide in workshop air
Hygienic standard for selenium in workshop air
Hygienic standard for difluoromethane in workshop air
Hygienic standard for trifluoromethane in workshop air
Hygienic standard for Beauveria bassiana spores in workshop airHygienic standard for hydrazine in workshop air
Hygienic standard for methylhydrazine in workshop air
Hygienic standard for unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in workshop airHygienic standard for dolomite dust in workshop airHygienic standard for respirable silica dust in workshop airHygienic standard for limestone dust in workshop airHygienic standard for mercury in workshop air
Hygienic standard for fluoride in workshop air
Hygienic standard for tungsten in workshop air
Maximum allowable concentration
(or standard value), mg/m2
4 (skin)
1 (skin)
Free SiO2 >10% 2
Free SiO2 <10% 10
Gold inlay and insoluble compounds
(in terms of Ni)1
Soluble nickel compound (in terms of Ni) 0. 50.01(skin)
6(skin)
2(in terms of Sn)
6×107 spores/m2
0.13(skin)
0.08(skin)
0.5(skin)
Free SiO, 10% ~50% 1
Free SiO, 50% ~80% 0. 5
Free SiO, >80% 0. 3
1.0 (in F)
Standard number
GB16230—1996
GB 162311996
GB 16232--1996
GB16233—1996
GB 16234—1996
GB 16235-1996
GB 16236—1996
GB 16237—1996
GB 16238--1996
GB 16239-1996
GB 16240--1996
GB 16241
GB 16242-1996
GB 16243--1996
GB 16244--1996
GB 16245—1996
GB 16246—1996
GB 16247—1996
GB 16248--1996
GB 16249--1996
GB 16250—1996
GB16910—1997
Table A1 (end)
Standard name
Sanitary standard for isopropyl alcohol in workshop air
Sanitary standard for tetrahydrocannabinol in workshop air
Sanitary standard for gypsum dust in workshop air
Sanitary standard for acetic acid in workshop air
Sanitary standard for isophorone diisocyanate in workshop airSanitary standard for chlorpyrifos in workshop air
Sanitary standard for trimethyltrinitramine (RXT) in workshop airSanitary standard for grain dust in workshop air
Sanitary standard for respirable cement dust in workshop airSanitary standard for mulberry silk dust in workshop air||tt| |Sanitary standard for rare earth dust in workshop air
Sanitary standard for asbestos fiber in workshop air
Sanitary standard for p-nitroaniline in workshop airSanitary standard for dibutyl phthalate in workshop airSanitary standard for hemp dust (flax, jute and stem hemp) in workshop airSanitary standard for oxalic acid in workshop air
Sanitary standard for dimethyl sulfate in workshop airSanitary standard for zinc chloride (smoke) in workshop airSanitary standard for respirable coal dust in workplaces
Sanitary standard for cresol in workshop air
Sanitary standard for pine in workshop air
Maximum allowable concentration
(or standard value), mg/m
0.1(skin)
Yougao SiO, <10% 8
Free SiO2 <10% 5
3(leather）
Free SiO, <10% flax 3
Free SiO2 ≤10% jute 4
Free SiO2<10% blue hemp 6
Free SiOz <10%
10(leather)
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