GB/T 39293-2020.Terminology and classification for industry cleaning.
1 Scope
GB/T 39293 defines the terms and definitions of commonly used industrial cleaning foundations, equipment, chemicals, dirt and effects, and classifies industrial cleaning according to principles and processes.
GB/T 39293 applies to the terms and classifications in the field of industrial cleaning.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Basic terms
2.1.1
Industrial cleaning
In industrial production and service activities, the use of special equipment, tools or media to remove dirt from the internal and external surfaces of the cleaned object to meet certain cleanliness requirements.
2.1.2
Cleaned object
The general term for objects that need to be cleaned.
Note: Including but not limited to equipment, facilities, containers, tools, products and their parts used or produced in production and service activities.
2.1.3
dirt
The general term for substances that adhere to the inner and outer surfaces of the object being cleaned and need to be removed.
2.1.4
cleaning principle
The law of the cleaning force required to remove dirt from the surface of the object being cleaned.
2.1.5
cleaning medium
The general term for substances that are in direct contact with the object being cleaned and the dirt, and transmit or enhance the dirt removal force.
2.1.6
cleaning equipment
cleaning machine
The general term for equipment or machinery that makes the cleaning medium effectively contact with the object being cleaned and directly or indirectly promotes the cleaning force between the cleaning medium and the dirt.
2.1.7
Cleaning process
The process or measure of controlling the temperature, pressure, flow rate, flow rate, humidity and other performance indicators or states of the cleaning medium by certain means to promote the removal and transfer of dirt from the cleaned object.
2.1.8
Cleaning chemicals
Chemicals or preparations that can clean dirt, or can dissolve in the cleaning medium, help improve the ability of the cleaning medium to remove dirt, or control the effect of chemical cleaning.
2.1.9
Cleaning effect
Comparison or evaluation of the cleaned object and its attached dirt with the situation before cleaning after cleaning.
This standard defines the terms and definitions of commonly used industrial cleaning foundations, equipment, chemicals, dirt and effects, and classifies industrial cleaning according to principles and processes. This standard applies to the terms and classifications in the field of industrial cleaning.

ICS03.080.10
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T39293—2020
Terminology and classification for industry cleaning2020-11-19 Issued
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
Issued
2021-10-01Implementation
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1—2009. This standard was proposed by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation. GB/T39293—2020
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Chemical Standardization (SAC/TC63) and the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Surfactants and Detergents (SAC/TC272).
The drafting units of this standard are: China Industrial Cleaning Association, China Detergent Industry Association, Beijing Bluestar Cleaning Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Renhe Cleaning Co., Ltd., Huizhou General Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., Fujian Xunda Petrochemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Xingrui (Shandong) Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Norman Environmental Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Dongguan Tianjun Water Treatment Electromechanical Engineering Co., Ltd., Hengzhou Wannengda Cleaning Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Yuexin Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Baijian Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Tailun Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Huizhidaqing Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Xingzhixing Robot Technology Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are Zhao Zhike, Zhou Xinchao, Gong Tuo, Li Defu, Gai Donghai, Wang Lijie, Quan Wuwei, Zhang Li, Wang Quansheng, Tian Minge, Wu Aiping, Zhou Cuifang, Xu Yisheng, Guo Dahai, Wu Bin, Zhang Xuefeng, Zhao Minghai, Li Qihua, Li Bin, Sun Xinli, Jiao Yang, Ren Liangang, Jiang Guojie, 1
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1Scope
Industrial cleaning terms and classification
GB/T39293-—2020
This standard defines the terms and definitions of commonly used industrial cleaning basics, equipment, chemicals, dirt and effects, and classifies industrial cleaning according to principles and processes.
This standard applies to the terms and classifications in the field of industrial cleaning. 2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Basic terms
2.1.1
Industrial cleaningindustrycleaning
In industrial production and service activities, the use of special equipment, tools or media to remove dirt from the internal and external surfaces of the cleaned object to achieve a certain cleanliness requirement.
2.1.2
Cleaned object
The general term for objects that need to be cleaned.
Note: Including but not limited to equipment, facilities, containers, tools, products and their parts used or produced in production and service activities. 2.1.3
Dirt
The general term for substances attached to the internal and external surfaces of the cleaned object that need to be removed. 2.1.4
Cleansing principle
The law of the cleaning force required to remove dirt from the surface of the cleaned object. 2.1.5
Cleaning medium
A general term for substances that are in direct contact with the object being cleaned and the dirt, and transmit or enhance the dirt removal force. 2.1.6
Cleaning equipment
Cleaning machine
A general term for equipment or machinery that effectively contacts the cleaning medium with the object being cleaned, and directly or indirectly promotes the cleaning force between the cleaning medium and the dirt.
2.1.7
Cleaning process
A process or measure that promotes the removal and transfer of dirt from the object being cleaned by controlling the temperature, pressure, flow rate, flow rate, humidity and other performance indicators or states of the cleaning medium through certain means. 2.1.8
Cleaning chemicals
Chemicals or preparations that can clean dirt, or can dissolve in the cleaning medium, help improve the cleaning medium's ability to remove dirt, or control the side effects of chemical cleaning. 2.1.9
Cleaning effect
After cleaning, the comparison or evaluation of the cleaned objects and their attached dirt with the situation before cleaning. 2 Industrial cleaning equipment terms
2.2.1
High pressure water jet cleaning equipment high pressure water jet cleaning machine high pressure water jet cleaning machine Equipment or machinery that can produce high pressure water jets is a fluid energy release system composed of a nozzle, a pipeline, and finally converts the pressure energy of the fluid water into velocity energy through the nozzle to form a water jet that can be used for cleaning work. Note that by adding equipment components to the water, solid particles or chemicals can be added to heat the water. 2.2.2
Adjustable cleaning equipment
adjustable cleaning equipmentpdustable cleaning machine
Adjustable cleaning machine
Equipment or machinery that can control the cleaning medium to remove dirt from the surface of an object by adjusting the working pressure and level. 2.2.3
Hot water cleaning equipment
Hot water cleaning machine
hot water cleaning equipment
hot water cleaning machine
Cleaning equipment with special liquid cleaning medium heating function
2.2.4
ultrasonic cleaning equipment
ultrasonic cleaning machineultrasonic cleaning machine
acclean
Equipment or machinery that can generate ultrasonic waves and use ultrasonic waves to generate cavitation and perturbation in other liquid cleaning media to promote the cleaning effect between the cleaning medium and the dirt
2.2.5
chemical cleaning equipment
chemical cleaning equipment
Equipment or machinery that makes liquid chemical cleaning medium effectively contact with the object to be cleaned, and directly or indirectly promotes the cleaning effect between the chemical cleaning medium and the active scale.
2.2.6
tank mechanical cleaning equipment
Equipment or machinery that is specially used to remove dirt from storage (storage of stone paving or other liquids) and can transfer the cleaned dirt to the outside of the storage tank.
Note: Tank mechanical cleaning equipment is usually composed of modules with different functions such as cleaning system, oil-water separation system and recovery system. 2.2.7
Vacuum suction equipment
vacuum equipment
Vacuum suction machinevacuummachine
Equipment or machinery that can suck gas, produce a certain air pressure difference in the whole or part of the object to be cleaned, and use the air pressure difference to extract, adsorb, peel off the dirt, so as to remove the dirt from the object to be cleaned. 2.2.8
Water-gas pulse cleaning equipmentwatergaspulsecleaningequipmentwatergaspulsecleaningmachinewatergaspulsecleaningmachineIt is an equipment or machine that can mix compressed air into water or other liquid cleaning medium at a certain rate, so that the cleaning medium forms a 2
water-gas mixed pulse flow that changes at a certain frequency, so as to remove dirt from the object being cleaned. 2.2.9
Steam cleaning equipmentsteamcleaningequipmentsteamcleaningmachinesteamcleaningmachinechincGB/T39293—2020
It is an equipment or machine that can generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, spray or transmit the water vapor to the surface of the object being cleaned, so as to remove dirt from the object being cleaned.
2.2.10
Dry ice cleaning equipment dry ice cleaning equipment dry ice cleaning machine dry ice cleaning machine can use compressed gas as power or body to spray dry ice particles onto the surface of the object to be cleaned, so as to remove dirt from the object to be cleaned.
2.2.11
Laser cleaning equipment laser cleaning equipment laser cleaning machine laser cleaning machine can emit a pulsed laser beam of a certain power density to the surface of the object to be cleaned, and use the pulsed laser beam directly or in combination with other chemicals to remove dirt from the object to be cleaned. 2.2.12
Industrial cleaning robotindustrycleaningrobotA cleaning device or machine that is programmable, controllable, and can automatically perform industrial cleaning operations.Terms for industrial cleaning chemicals
2.3.1
Cleaning agentcleaning agent
In industrial production and service activities, chemicals or preparations used to remove dirt (including scale, grease, paint, ink, colloid, carbon deposits, dust, etc.) on the surface of devices, equipment, facilities, and products by using the principles of chemical dissolution, complexation, emulsification, wetting, penetration, dispersion, solubilization, and stripping.
［GB385082020, definition 3.1]
2.3.2
water-based cleaning agent
Water-based cleaning agent
Cleaning chemicals composed of water, surfactants, and additives. [GB38508—2020, definition 3.5
2.3.3
semi-water-based cleaning agent
semi-water-based cleaning agent is a stable or metastable cleaning chemical composed of water, surfactants, organic solvents and additives. GB38508—2020, definition 3.6
2.3.4
organic solvent cleaning agent is a cleaning chemical composed of one or more organic solvents. LGB38508-2020, definition 3.7
2.3.5
Acidic cleaner of scale Cleaning chemicals with acidic aqueous solution used to remove scale Note: Rewrite HG/T5533-2019, definition 3.2. 3
GB/T39293-2020
2.3.6
Degrease agent
Debinding agent
Cleaning chemicals used to dissolve or remove oil or grease. 2.3.7
Heavy oil stained cleaning agent
Cleaning chemicals used to remove heavy oil or tarry scale 2.3.8
Rust remover
Cleaning chemicals used to remove oxides and rust from metal surfaces. 2.3.9
passivatingagent
An oxidizing agent is a cleaning chemical used to form a dense oxide protective layer on the metal surface after cleaning. Note: passivating agent can make all kinds of substances inactive, i.e. passive state. 2.3.10 Bactericidal algaecide Cleaning chemicals used to kill fungi and algae in water or control their growth. 2.3.11 Slime stripper Slime stripper is composed of bactericide, surfactant, strong penetrant, stabilizer, etc. It can quickly penetrate into the slime group, oxidize and decompose to release bubbles, and combine with bactericide and active agent to make the slime fall off and be discharged with water flow, so as to achieve the purpose of separation and cleaning, clean the surface, and prevent corrosion. 2.3.12 Prefilming agent 2.3.14
Corrosion Inmitor
Inhibitor
Cleaning chemical used in the pretreatment process of water treatment equipment to form a protective film on the metal surface. 2.3.15
Scale Inhibitor
Cleaning chemical with the function of preventing scale-forming salts in water from depositing on the metal surface. Note: In some industrial fields, scale inhibitor is also called antifouling agent. 2.3.16
Paint Remover
Cleaning chemical that can dissolve or swell polymer paint film, causing the paint film to fall off or become easily separated from the object being cleaned. 2.3.17
Biological enzyme cleaning agent
enzyme inhibitor
A preparation containing biological enzymes or microorganisms with enzyme properties that can decompose dirt and convert it into easily removable substances. 2.4 Terminology of industrial cleaning dirt
Note: Since industrial cleaning dirt involves many categories, this standard includes common cleaning dirt. Industrial cleaning dirt not listed can refer to the naming rules of various industries in industrial production for adoption and use. Scale
GB/T39293—2020
A mixture of compounds and impurities precipitated after water is heated, composed of inorganic salts that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water, attached to the surface of the scaling material container, reducing its heat exchange capacity and reaction efficiency. 2.4.2
Grease scale
The viscous or dispersed oily dirt composed of oils and fats of different compositions and dust, salt particles, water and other hydrophobic impurities deposited in the environment and the products of surface quality change of objects.
2.4.3
Rust scale
Metal oxide scale
The insoluble product formed on the surface of metals under the chemical or electrochemical action of environmental media. 2.4.4
Microbial sludge
Biological contaminantsThe viscous substance secreted by microorganisms during reproduction, which binds together small inorganic salts, sand and dust, corrosion products, mud, oil and other environmental dirt to form a viscous sediment.
2.4.5
Glue and polymer scaleThe high-molecular compound scale formed by the polymerization of old rubber, paint film, plastic and organic matter in the production process. 2.4.6
Carbon deposition scale Carbon deposition scale The product or decomposition product of fuel combustion forms a carbon-based precipitate on the surface of equipment. 2.4.7
Grime
The fine granular material formed by suspended matter in the air adhering to the surface of the object being cleaned, or the layered material formed by long-term deposition on the surface of the object being cleaned.
2.4.8
Carbonate scale Calcium carbonate scale On the surface of objects in contact with water or steam, due to the evaporation and concentration of water or steam, the metal ions such as Ca+ and Mg in the water or steam combine with the CO- ions in the water, and finally form a carbonate-based scale on the surface of the object. 2.4.9
Sulfate scale Sulfate scale On the surface of objects in contact with water or steam, due to the evaporation and concentration of water or steam, the metal ions such as Ca+ in the water or steam combine with the SO- ions in the water, and finally form a sulfate-based scale on the surface of the object. 2.4.10
Silicate scale
Due to the evaporation and concentration of water or steam, the scale containing silicon, oxygen and other chemical elements (mainly aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, etc.) mainly silicates is formed on the surface of objects in contact with water or steam. 2.4.11
Calcium oxalate scaleCalcium oxalate scale is the combination of residual oxalate ions and calcium in pulp, forming dirt on the towers and screens of pulp washers used in papermaking and other industries. 5
GB/T39293—2020
2.4.12
Aluminum scaleAluminum scale
It comes from aluminum sulfate or aluminum, which precipitates in water as the temperature rises and absorbs hydrogel-like microfibers, fillers, lumps and sizing agents to form dirt.
2.4.13
Sweet stains
Sugar scalesweet scale
Stains or dirt containing sugar, salt, and starch remaining on the surface of an object. 2.4.14
tannic acid stains
tannic acid scale
stains or dirt from plants remaining on the surface of an object. 2.4.15
protein stains
protein stains
protein scale
stains or dirt formed by animal fat or protein remaining on the surface of an object. 2.4.16
mildew stains
mildew scale
stains or dirt formed by the growth of microorganisms on the surface of an object. 2.4.17
seal cinder
film-like scale (layer) formed on the metal surface after oxidation. 2.4.18
Sludge scale
Mixed dirt composed of mud, sand, water and other impurities produced in industrial production. 2.4.19
Milk stains
Milk scale
Stains or dirt formed on the surface of an object after milk loses its water content. 2.5 Terms for industrial cleaning effects
2.5.1
Descaling rate
Detergency
The mass of dirt removed after cleaning accounts for the mass of the original dirt before cleaning (%). 2.5.2
Corrosion rate
Corrosion rate
The relative rate at which metal is corroded when chemical agents come into contact with the metal of the equipment, pipelines and components being cleaned. The corrosion rate can be expressed by the mass of metal corrosion per unit area per unit time, and the unit is g/(m, h)1. [GB/T25146—2010. Definition 3.2]
2.5.3
Total corrosion amountGB/T39293-—2020
The mass of metal corroded per unit area when the chemical agent contacts the metal of the equipment or pipeline being cleaned during chemical cleaning. The unit is g/m\.
[GB/T25116—2010, Definition 3.4]
2.5.4
Corrosion inhibition rateCorrosion inhibition rateA parameter for evaluating the corrosion inhibition efficiency of corrosion inhibitors.
Metal corrosion rate without corrosion inhibitor added-metal corrosion rate with corrosion inhibitor added×100%. Metal corrosion rate without adding corrosion inhibitor
［GB/T25146—2010, definition 3.3]
2.5.5
Detergence rate
After cleaning, the surface area of ??the object being cleaned is the percentage of the surface area covered by dirt before cleaning (%). Note: Rewrite GB/T25116—2010+ definition 3.6. 2.5.6
Cleaning efficiency
A specific quantitative indicator to measure the area, volume, length, number of pieces, etc. completed in a specified unit time. 2.5.7
Visually cleanbZxz.net
After cleaning, there is no visible dirt on the surface of the object being cleaned within the visible visual range. 【GB/T25146—2010. Definition 3.10]
3 Industrial cleaning classification
3.1 General
Industrial cleaning can be classified according to the cleaning principle and cleaning process. 3.2 Classification by cleaning principle
Note: Since the cleaning principle involves many disciplines, this standard includes the cleaning principles used in common cleaning technologies. Cleaning principles not listed can be adopted and used with reference to the naming rules of each discipline.
3.2.1
Chemical cleaning
Methods of removing dirt from the object to be cleaned by using the principles of dissolution, emulsification, complexation, dispersion, adsorption, etc. of chemicals or preparations. 3.2.1.1
Esolvent cleaning
Solvent cleaning
Methods of removing dirt from the surface of an object by using the dissolution effect of organic solvents on dirt. 3.2.1.2
Surfactant cleaning
A method of removing oil and dirt from the surface of an object by using the special molecular structure and characteristics of surfactants. 3.2.1.3
Acid cleaning
A method of using inorganic or organic acids to react chemically with dirt to transform, detach and dissolve the dirt from the surface being cleaned. 7
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3.2.1.4
Alkaline cleaning
A method of removing dirt from the surface of the object being cleaned by using aqueous solutions of alkali and strong alkali and weak acid salts. 3.2.2
Physical cleaning
A method of removing dirt from the object being cleaned by using physical principles such as mechanics, acoustics, heat, optics, and electricity to generate forces for removing dirt, such as friction, crushing, scouring, vibration, heat, cold shrinkage, evaporation, and vaporization. 3.2.2.1
Jet-flow cleaning
A method of removing dirt by making water or other liquid cleaning media form a jet beam with a certain speed and using the kinetic energy of the jet beam to crush and peel off the dirt.
3.2.2.2
Ultrasonic cleaning ... 3.2.2.3
Dry ice cleaning
Use dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) as the cleaning medium, use compressed gas as the power or carrier, spray dry ice through the equipment onto the surface of the object to be cleaned, and use the momentum change and sublimation of the high-speed moving dry ice particles to quickly freeze, solidify, and embrittle the dirt, and remove it from the object to be cleaned with the air flow. 3.2.2.4
Pipeline cleaning
Use gas, liquid or pipeline transport material as the cleaning medium to push the pipe cleaner forward in the pipeline, and use the scraping, sweeping, vibration, crushing and annular jet flushing produced by the pipe cleaners with different functions to remove dirt from the inner wall of the pipeline. Note 1: According to the English name, pipe cleaner cleaning is often referred to as PIG cleaning. Note 2: The pipe cleaning curtain can carry the electromagnetic transmitter and the ground receiving instrument to form an electronic tracking system, and can also be equipped with other supporting accessories to complete various complex pipeline operations such as detection and coating. 3.2.2.5
Sandblasting cleaning uses compressed air as the power to make hard sand or metal particles (or a mixture with water) form a high-speed sandblasting flow, which is sprayed onto the surface of the object to be cleaned. The high-speed sand flow has the effect of impact, vibration, peeling, etc. on the surface of the object to be cleaned, so as to remove dirt from the object to be cleaned. 3.2.2.6
sodiumbicarbonatecrystal jetcleaning Sodium bicarbonate crystal jet cleaning
Using compressed air or high-pressure water as the power, through a specially designed jetting device, the sodium bicarbonate crystals are mixed with compressed air (or water) to form a medium flow, which is then sprayed onto the surface of the object to be cleaned. The medium flow is used to produce impact, friction, blasting, peeling, etc. on the surface of the object to be cleaned, so that the dirt is removed from the object to be cleaned. 3.2.2.7
Steam cleaning
Using water vapor as the cleaning medium, spraying water vapor onto the object to be cleaned, and using the impact, dissolution, vaporization, etc. of steam on the dirt to remove the dirt from the object to be cleaned. 3.2.2.8
Gas purge cleaning
Gas purge cleaning
Using gas (air, inert gas, etc.) as the cleaning medium, spraying air flow onto the object to be cleaned, and using the air flow to produce dirt.
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