Directives for the work of standardization--Unit 1:Drafting and presentation of standards--Part 6:Preparation and layout for terminology standards
Some standard content:
GB/T 1.6—1997
This standard not only adopts the international standard ISO10241:1992 "Development and arrangement of international terminology standards" but also revises GB1.6--88 "Standardization work guide terminology standard writing regulations". It is equivalent to the international standard in terms of technical content. In some provisions and examples, necessary changes are made according to my country's standard management system and the characteristics and habits of Chinese, Chinese characters and the languages and writings of my country's ethnic minorities:
In order to coordinate with the GB/T1 series, the name of this standard is redefined. ~According to the requirements of GB/T1.1, the contents that are not covered by this standard in ISO10241:1992\Scope" are moved to this "Foreword".
International standards that have not yet been formulated into national standards in the "Referenced standards" are not cited. The contents that must be cited are directly written in the text; some national standards that need to be cited are also added, and the principle provisions and guiding instructions for the use of different languages are added in Chapter 6. —Necessary modifications have been made to Chapter 6 of ISO10241:1992, such as adding some explanations, notes and Chinese examples, and retaining most of the content of GB1.6-88 in this chapter. Appendix B "Inquiry on Information about International Standards" has been added. In order to make the compilation rules and format of my country's terminology standards consistent with international standards as much as possible, and to facilitate the recommendation of terminology standards with Chinese characteristics as international standards or translation into English, French, Russian and other languages, this standard includes the Chinese translation of ISO10241:1992 as Appendix A and adds a paragraph of explanation.
Most of the examples in this standard are taken from the currently valid national standards, and the format has been appropriately modified in accordance with the requirements of this standard. In order to avoid confusion with the main text, some examples are separated from the main text by boxes, and the numbers and contents are the same as the original standard. This standard does not specify the general principles and methods for establishing terminology that have been established in GB10112. This standard does not involve the changes necessary when translating a terminology standard into different language versions. This standard is Part 6 of "Unit 1: Drafting and Expression Rules of Standards Guidelines for Standardization". Appendix A of this standard is the appendix of the standard, and Appendix B is the appendix of the suggestion. This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Terminology Standardization. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification and Coding. The drafting units of this standard are: China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification and Coding, National Standard Technical Review Department, National Ethnic Affairs Commission Cultural Publicity Department National Language and Literature Office, Chinese Dictionary Publishing House. The main drafters of this standard are: Jin Wanping, Su Wubin, Zhou Siyuan, Wang Zheng, Jia Jiehua, Ruan Jinrong, Yu Xinli, Luo Hong. The first publication date of this standard is December 1, 1988. 12
GB/T 1.6—1997
ISO/IEC Foreword
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide alliance of national standardization bodies (ISO member bodies). The development of international standards is usually carried out through ISO technical committees. Member bodies interested in a professional field for which a technical committee has been established have the right to participate in the committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in the field of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the committee are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as International Standards requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 10241 was prepared by ISO/TC37/SC2, Technical Committee ISO/TC37/SC2, Subcommittee 2, Terminology (Principles and Harmonization), Subcommittee 2, Vocabulary.
As a technical revision of ISO/R 919 (1969) and ISO/R 1149 (1969), this standard annuls and replaces both recommendations.
This standard also constitutes a revision of certain aspects of International Standard ISO 1951 (1973). All differences from ISO 1951 (1973) in the provisions of this standard should be considered to prevail over that standard. A new version of ISO 1951 with a narrower scope of application is under preparation, which will exclude these differences.
GB/T 1. 6-- 1997
The standardization of terminology is the basis of all standardization activities. Unified principles and methods must be applied to terminology work. Unified methods can
a) organize terminology work in a practical and effective way; b) ensure the consistency and logical unification of terminology within a certain discipline, profession or application field and between related fields; c) help coordinate the concept system and the coordination of terminology in different languages; d) promote the effective application of information technology in terminology work. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Guidelines for the work of standardization
Unit 1: Drafting and presentation of standards-Part 6: Preparation and layout for terminology standards
Directives for the work of standardization-Unit 1: Drafting and presentation of standards-Part 6: Preparation and layout for terminology standards This standard specifies the general technical procedures and writing requirements for the formulation of terminology standards. GB/T1.6-1997
neq Is0 10241:1992
Replaces GB1.6—88
This standard is applicable to the preparation of terminology standards. The terminology part and other terminology work in the preparation of standards can also be used as a reference. 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and the parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB/T1.1—1993 Guidelines for standardization work Unit 1: Drafting and expression of standards Part 1: Basic provisions for standard writing
GB/T1.22—1993 Guidelines for standardization work Unit 2: Methods for determining the content of standards Part 22: Provisions for referenced standards
GB/T2659—1994 Codes for the names of countries and regions in the world (neqISO3166:1988) GB3101~3102—93 Quantities and units (eqvISO31:1992) GB/T 4880-91 Language name code (neqISO639:1988) GB10112-88 General principles and methods for establishing terminology (neqISO704:1987) GB/T13418--92 General sorting rules for text entries GB/T15237-1994 Basic vocabulary of terminology (neqISO1087:1990) GB/T16785-1997 Terminology work Concepts and coordination of terms (eqvISO860:1996) GB/T16786-1997 Computer application of terminology: Data categories (eqvISO/DIS12620:1996) 3 Definitions
This standard uses the definitions in GB/T15237. 4 Standardization of terms
One of the purposes of establishing terminology standards is to coordinate concepts, conceptual systems and terms in different languages. The ultimate goal of this standardization process is to obtain a standardized terminology set in which concepts and terms correspond one to one to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding. Therefore, in the work of terminology standardization, a) a corresponding concept system should be established for each standard; Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 23, 1997, and implemented on December 1, 1997, GB/T 1. 6--1997 b) The definition of a concept should be able to replace the term corresponding to the concept in a certain context (substitution principle); c) The definition of a concept should be expressed in Chinese or the minority language specified by the state; d) Definitions expressed in different languages should be equivalent in content and use similar structures as much as possible; e) The differences between the concept system of international standards and the concept system of national standards and the concept system of different ethnic languages should be pointed out. If a standard has restrictions or regulations for a certain language, such restrictions should be pointed out. 5 Formulation of terminology standards 5.1 Preparatory work 5.1.1 Demand analysis When communication in a certain field encounters difficulties, the need for terminology standardization arises. These difficulties are usually caused by unclear concepts or terms and should be resolved by developing a terminology standard or by setting up a chapter on "Definitions" in a standard. 5.1.2 Objective Definition
The objective of the standard should be clearly defined, and its nature will affect a) the definition of the field or subfield to be studied; b) the type and number of concepts included;
c) the choice of language;
d) the expression of definitions;
e) the number of synonyms and the tags used to describe these synonyms; f) the type and number of examples.
5.1.3 Definition of the professional field
5.1.3.1 A careful definition of the professional field is conducive to a) the collection, evaluation and use of literature;
b) the division of subfields,
c) clear division of labor and work schedule, which is especially important when several groups are involved in the work at the same time; d) structuring the concepts at the initial stage;
e) coordination with terminology working groups in related fields. 5.1.3.2 The definition procedure of professional fields is as follows: a) The scope should be determined by considering
1) the scope of work of the technical committee or standardization organization, such as "China Terminology Standardization Technical Committee" "ISO/TC6, Paper, Paperboard and Pulp";
2) general classification, such as China Standard Document Classification, GB/T13745 "Subject Classification and Code"; 3) professional classification, such as GB/T6866 "Classification and Nomenclature of Gardening Tools" and ISO2148 "Nomenclature of Continuous Loading and Unloading Equipment";
4) general literature in the professional field, including standards, manuals, textbooks, dictionaries, catalogs and reports; 5) terminology vocabulary and thesaurus.
b) The sub-fields included should be selected according to the purpose of the standard and the determined goals; c) The boundaries between the sub-fields and possible sub-categories should be clarified. 5.1.4 Collection of data
For each language in the standard, sufficient original data should be collected and the terminology usage in the field should be analyzed. 5.1.4.1 Types of data
The main types of collected data include
a) Authoritative documents such as laws, regulations, standards and normative documents; b) Textbooks, scientific papers, scientific journals and other documents generally recognized by scientific groups; c) Brochures, instructions for use, parts (components) catalogs, reports and other popular but not necessarily generally recognized materials; 16
GB/T 1.6--1997
d) Oral or written materials provided by working group members and other experts; e) Terminology database;
f) Terminology vocabulary, dictionary, encyclopedia, thesaurus. Any relevant data in the field should be carefully studied, and useful examples, diagrams, concept systems (complete or partial), terminology, etc. can be found in various documents.
5.1.4.2 Evaluation of Materials
All materials should be carefully evaluated, taking into account the following points: a) Due to the outdated nature of the literature, the terms and definitions may not be completely accurate or appropriate; b) The authors should be recognized authorities in the field; c) The terms in the literature should not only reflect the views of a particular school; d) The referenced or cited vocabulary should comply with the recognized principles and methods of terminology work stipulated in the relevant national standards; e) The original version of the materials should be directly referenced, and translated materials should only be used in special cases. If translated materials are used, the reliability of the translation should be evaluated.
A list of all references and the bibliographic data required to retrieve these materials should be compiled. For the convenience of literature management, a code list can be established and used for these original materials. 5.1.5 Number of Concepts
The working group should carefully study the limit on the number of concepts for the following two reasons: a) Too many concepts can easily lead to inconsistencies and omissions; b) For terminology standards, large projects that take too long to fully reflect the latest developments in the professional field are difficult. Note: International experience shows that if the number of concepts exceeds 200, it is necessary to divide the project into several sub-projects. 5.1.6 Language selection
5.1.6.1 When developing a multilingual terminology standard, it is most effective to develop a terminology standard in all languages at the same time and in parallel. 5.1.6.2 When deciding whether to use a certain language, the following points should be considered: a) whether sufficient and reliable literature in the language can be obtained; b) whether effective assistance can be obtained from experts who are native speakers of the language. Native speakers should participate in the preparation of definitions, examples, notes and the review of the standard text.
5.1.7 Schedule preparation
A detailed work schedule should be prepared, including: a) a list of project stages;
b) the arrangement of work time for each stage;
c) the responsibilities of the working group or individuals involved in the project. 5.2 Work procedures
The order of the project stages is based on the principles of terminology work and cannot be reversed. If necessary, the field of the standard should be divided into several sub-fields at the beginning of the project.
The working group should involve experts with knowledge of terminology standardization and relevant language knowledge or consult relevant experts. 5.2.1 Collection of terminology data
The concepts belonging to the field should be identified by analyzing the original data (see 5.1.4), and the corresponding glossary should be established in the language used. In the initial stage, the glossary should include the description of any term or concept related to the field, even if it may be confirmed to belong to another different field later.
When a concept has only a definition but no term, it should be annotated. Five small dots "" indicate that there is no term or the term has not been found.
When consulting the original literature, all information in the literature (terms, synonyms, antonyms, definitions, context, etc.) should be extracted at once. 5.2.2 Recording of terminology data
GB/T 1.6—1997
The information in each language should be expressed in a unified way. Each term should be recorded separately from its concept identifier; synonyms in the same language and corresponding terms in different languages should also be recorded separately and use the same concept identifier. In each language, the following data categories can be included: a) Data related to the term, including
1) term (basic form)
synonyms;
nearbywords (to facilitate comparison and distinction);
variants (such as spelling variants, morphological variants and syntactic variants); abbreviations;
full form;
symbol,
corresponding words in other languages (including indications of the degree of correspondence); 2) adoption level (i.e. preferred term, permitted term, rejected term, obsolete term, abandoned term); 3) grammatical information;
4) notes on the term;
5) antonyms.
When collecting data, "non-standardized terms, new words, registered trademarks, sub-languages, technical jargons, internal terms and regional terms" can also be classified as terms and should be recorded, but they are not necessarily included in the final standard. If included, they should also be indicated.
b) Data related to concepts, including
1) definition;
2) context;
3) other expressions of concepts (e.g., formulas, etc.);
5) examples;
6) notes.
If information about the concept system (superordinate concepts, subordinate concepts, parallel concepts, etc.) is available, it should also be recorded. c) Administrative data, including
1) concept identifier;
2) language symbol;
3) recording date;
4) recorder identifier;
5) source.
In order to ensure the consistency of working methods, a code list of data categories (such as recording date, recorder identifier, source document) should be established before recording terminology information.
5.2.3 Establishment of term list
5.2.3.1 The term list can include terms to express the following concepts: a) special concepts;
b) general concepts;
c) borrowed concepts;
d) common (in language) concepts.
The general classification of the field can be used as a guide to determine whether a concept belongs to the field. 5.2.3.2 The final standard should include
a) concepts that are special to this field;
GB/T 1.6—1997
b) a small number of borrowed concepts and concepts that are common to several fields. The inclusion of trademarks, protected business names and colloquialisms should be avoided. 5.2.4 Establishment of concept domains and concept systems5.2.4.1 After the glossary is established, the relevant concepts should be arranged according to concept domains (collections of related concepts). The criteria for grouping concepts in each language should be the same. The relationship between concept domains should be established. Then, the concepts in each domain should be structured into subsystems of concepts so that each concept has a definite position in the concept system.
The concept system should be established in accordance with GB10112.
A concept system should be established for each language. If possible, factors such as different languages, different organizations and different schools should be considered. After the system is established, it should be checked
a) whether the position of each concept is correct,
b) whether any concept is omitted.
5.2.4.2 The concept systems of each language used in this project should be compared to a) determine the degree of compatibility between the concept systems; b) coordinate the concept systems in accordance with GB/T16785-1997. 5.2.4.3 If a concept system that is common to all languages cannot be obtained, the following three methods can be used: a) Try to establish a Chinese concept system that is different from the international standard or the concept system of minority languages in some aspects, as a national standard and can be cited, but it must be explained in the standard; b) Only standardize the parts that have reached consensus. In this case, it is necessary to redefine the research field (see 5.1.3); Note: This method is not recommended because it may lead to a non-systematic set of concepts in the standard. c) If none of the above methods are suitable, a research report can be written and the standard can be formulated when conditions are ripe. 5.2.5 Expression of definitions
The basic principles and methods of expression of definitions are shown in GB10112. Standardized definitions should be cited and non-standardized definitions should be avoided. When directly adopting existing definitions, special attention should be paid to avoid errors and inconsistencies.
The drafting of definitions should follow the following basic principles: a) Definitions should have the same grammatical form as terms. For example, in English, when defining a verb, a verb phrase should be used; when defining a singular noun, the singular should be used.
07.09.09 Link link; linkage
"In computer programming, the part of a program that passes control and parameters between independent parts of a computer program. In some cases, this part is just an instruction (07.01.09) or an address (07.01.11). 07.09. 10 Link to link
In computer programming, it provides links (07.09.09). b) The preferred structure of a definition is that one basic part describes the class to which the concept belongs, and the other part lists the distinguishing features of the concept from other concepts in the class (genus and type differences).
GB/T 1.6-1997
3.1.2 Superordinate concept In a hierarchical system, a concept that can be divided into several subordinate concepts (3.1). 3.1.3 Subordinate concept In the concept hierarchy system, it can be listed with one or more concepts (3.1) to form the concept of the upper level. c) Definitions should not start with the explanatory form of "terms are used to describe..." or "terms represent"; terms do not need to be repeated in definitions, and should not be in the form of "[term] is" or "[term] means...", but should directly describe the concept. Example: In the above example, the form of "superordinate concept is..." or "superordinate concept means..." is not used, but the definition is given directly. d) Definitions should generally not start with specific words, such as "this", "the", "one", etc.; English definitions should not start with articles unless the concept being defined is a specific concept corresponding to a proper name, such as the earth, the sun, or a thing, event, organization, etc. e) The expression of the definition of quantity should comply with Article 2.2 of GB3101-93. This means that a derived quantity can only be defined by several other basic quantities. Units cannot be used in the definition of quantity. Note: a) c) and d) can be derived from the substitution principle (Chapter 4 b)). If necessary, graphics can be used for illustration, but they cannot replace word definitions. 5.2.6 Establishment and selection of terms
Terms must be established on the basis of clear definitions of concepts. When selecting or creating new terms, the provisions of GB10112 shall apply. If there are synonyms, it is recommended to select only one as the priority term. If it is unavoidable to select more than one term, these non-priority terms should be specifically indicated: permitted, rejected, obsolete or abandoned. The terms used should comply with recognized word formation principles. 6 Terminology compilation
This chapter mainly applies to Chinese terminology standards. Terminology standards in other languages or translated versions of Chinese terminology standards should comply with the expression habits of the language and characters of the language, and should be handled according to the following principles: a) If the format of this chapter can be adopted, the format of this chapter should be adopted; b) If the format of this chapter is not suitable, but the format of Appendix A can be adopted, the format of Appendix A should be adopted; c) If both a) and b) are not applicable, a special arrangement format can also be specified and explained in the introduction of the standard. However, the same language should adopt a unified format.
Multilingual terminology standards that use multiple languages to express terms, definitions, notes and other contents should be arranged in multiple columns, and the corresponding entries in each language should be clearly corresponded by using blank spaces, line spaces or lines. The corresponding entries in each language should be technically equivalent or equivalent and structurally consistent.
6.1 Basic requirements
6.1.1 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with relevant national laws, regulations and policies, and comply with national language and writing regulations. 6.1.2 The preparation of terminology standards should comply with the relevant provisions of GB10112, GB/T16785 and GB/T1.1. When submitting my country's terminology standards to the International Organization for Standardization as draft international standards or translating my country's terminology standards into English, French or Russian, they should also comply with the relevant provisions of Appendix A.
6.1.3 The preparation of terminology standards should implement the principle of coordination and consistency. It should be coordinated with the published national standards and industry standards, coordinated with the terms published by the National Natural Science Terminology Examination Committee, and consistent with the concept system and concept definitions of the corresponding international standards as much as possible; the definition of the same concept and the terminology used should be consistent.
6.1.4 The textual expressions and symbols should conform to the usage habits of the language used, and should also be convenient for computer processing. 6.1.5 The Chinese terminology standards should generally include English equivalents, and French, Russian and other language equivalents can be included when necessary; the minority language terminology standards should generally include Chinese and English equivalents, and other language equivalents can also be included when necessary. The basis and priority for adopting foreign language equivalents are:
GB/T 1.6—1997
a) Directly adopt foreign language terms in international standards such as ISO) or IEC; b) Based on internationally recognized authoritative publications, such as ISO, IEC documents or influential associations and societies standards, foreign advanced standards, dictionaries, manuals, etc.
6.2 Terminology data categories
6.2.1 An entry should at least include
a) an entry number;
b) a preferred term for expressing a concept;
c) Chinese terminology standards should have English equivalents, and minority language terminology standards should have Chinese and English equivalents; d) the definition of the concept.
6.2.2 The following additional information may be added as needed: a) phonetic notation (e.g. Chinese Pinyin, International Phonetic Alphabet); b) abbreviation (when the preferred term is the full form); c) full form (when the preferred term is the abbreviation); d) symbol;
e) grammatical information;
f) professional field;
g) references;
h) non-preferred terms and their regulatory status identification (permitted, rejected, obsolete or replaced); i) other expressions of concepts (e.g. formulas, diagrams); j) referenced related items;
k) examples of terminology usage;
1) notes;
m) corresponding terms in other languages.
6.3 Overall arrangement of terminology standards
6.3.1 The overall arrangement of terminology standards shall comply with the relevant provisions of Chapter 4 of GB/T1.1-1993. 6.3.1.1 The names of terminology standards shall comply with GB/T1.1-1993 Section 4.3.In addition to the provisions of Article 1, the following requirements shall also be met: a) The name of the terminology standard must indicate the field to which the standard belongs, and should be written as "××× term" or "××× vocabulary". Example: Anthropometric terminology
b) The name of the terminology standard in a series of standards shall be expressed in the following manner: the leading element indicates the field to which the standard belongs, the main element indicates the subject and type of the standard ("××× term" or "××× vocabulary"), and is arranged with one space after the leading element or on a new line and centered.
Example!:
Terminology for natural fibers of textiles
Example 2:
Continuous handling equipment
Terminology for aerial ropeways
c) The name of a certain standard in a series of terminology standards shall be expressed in the following manner: the main element indicates the field to which the standard belongs and the type of standard ("××× term" or "××× vocabulary"), the supplementary element is used to distinguish and identify the various parts, and is arranged with one space after the main element or on a new line and centered.
Example 1:
Example 2:
GB/T 1. 6--1997
Data processing vocabulary Part 20: System development Data processing vocabulary
Part 21: Interfaces between processes Computer systems and technical processes 6.3.1.2 The technical elements of a terminology standard are a collection of terms and specific terminology entries (see 6.4) divided into chapters according to certain rules (e.g., concept system or word order) (see 6.5). The index of the terminology collection is an informative appendix. 6.3.2 Where necessary, general information about the way terminology data is expressed should be indicated in the introduction, such as: a) the structure of the entries and the typographical conventions followed; b) the order of the entries;
c) methods for checking terms, such as
1) how to find a specified term in a standard that is organized in a systematic way; 2) how to obtain the concept system of the field in a standard that is organized in alphabetical order; 3) how to find the corresponding words of a term in other languages in a multilingual standard. 6.3.3 If necessary, the "Reference List" can be listed as an appendix to the prompt. 6.4 Structure of the entry
Terminology standards expressed in Chinese should be arranged horizontally from left to right, and the data items in the entry should be arranged in the unified format and order specified in this standard; terminology standards expressed in other languages should be arranged horizontally or vertically (for example, Mongolian), from left to right or from right to left (for example, Uyghur) according to their respective writing habits, but each language should adopt a unified format. If only a single language is used to express definitions, they should be arranged in a full column; when bilingual or multilingual comparisons (including comparisons of definitions) are used, double or multi-column corresponding arrangement should be used, and columns should be separated by lines or spaces, and different languages of the same entry should be aligned. 6.4.1 Entry number
Position: Start of the entry.
Printing convention: bold.
Supplementary explanation: If there is no need to express the relationship between concepts, the entry number should be a simple ordinal number. When indicating the relationship between concepts, each item number should consist of two or more groups of numbers, of which the last group is a simple ordinal number, and the other groups of numbers can reflect the hierarchy of concepts and the relationship between concepts. In this case, the item number also serves as a mark to indicate the position of the concept in the concept system. 6.4.2 Priority term
Position: The position following the item number with one blank. Typographic convention: bold.
Supplementary explanation: It is recommended to select only one term as the priority term. Parentheses are used for annotations or supplementary explanations; square brackets are used for the omitted part of the term when the omitted term is cited in the technical document without causing misunderstanding, but only the complete term can be used in definitions, examples and notes. Parentheses and square brackets should not be used to indicate optional terms. Example 1: Normalization (for floating point representation) Truncation (about strings)
Truncation (about calculations)
Example 2: Ring network [network]
Floating point representation [system]
Floating point representation [method]
In the same field, if a term refers to multiple concepts, each concept should be a separate entry, especially in multilingual terminology standards.
Example 1:
07.09. 05
Example 2:
07. 09. 12
to call
to return
to return
GB/T 1.6—1997
If multiple preferred terms are selected, each one is in bold and occupies a separate line. Example:
02.03.01 natural number natural number nonnegative integer
nonnegative integer
If a certain concept does not have a term or the term cannot be found, five small dots "………" should be used instead. When the priority term is also the chapter title, the term needs to be repeated in its proper position before being defined. Example 1:
3 concept
Example 2:
concept
a thinking unit abstracted from the characteristics of a general object (2.1). 5 term
5. 3. 1. 2 term term
the reference (5.3.1) of a defined concept (3.1) expressed by a language symbol in a specialized language (2.3). 6.4.3 Corresponding words
Position: For other language terms (corresponding words) without definition, they shall be arranged according to the following provisions: a) When only English corresponding words are listed, they shall be arranged after Chinese with one blank. Example: standard
b) When two or more corresponding words are listed, each corresponding word shall occupy a separate line. The order of corresponding words for Chinese terminology standards is English, French, Russian, and then other languages; the order of corresponding words for minority language terminology standards is Chinese, English, French, Russian, and then other languages.
Printing convention: The language code specified in GB/T4880 shall be added before the corresponding word, and the code shall be printed in white font, and the corresponding word shall be printed with one blank. The priority corresponding word shall be in bold font.
Example: standard
en standard
fr norme
CTaHIapT
Supplementary explanation: The correspondence between terms in different languages has the following possibilities: a) Correspondence, arranged according to the above method.
b) When there are multiple equivalents in a language, the equivalents are separated by semicolons. Preferred equivalents are in boldface; permitted equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) (see Example 1 in 6.4.4); rejected, obsolete, and superseded equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) and their standardization status is indicated in parentheses (see 5.2.6, 6.4.7, and Appendix A, Section A6.2.8). 231 Item number
Position: Start of item.
Typographic convention: Bold.
Supplementary note: If there is no need to indicate the relationship between concepts, the item number should be a simple ordinal number. When indicating the relationship between concepts, each item number should consist of two or more groups of numbers, of which the last group is a simple ordinal number, and the other groups of numbers can reflect the hierarchy of concepts and the relationship between concepts. In this case, the item number also serves as a mark to indicate the position of the concept in the concept system. 6.4.2 Preferred term
Position: One space after the item number. Typographic convention: Bold.
Supplementary note: It is recommended to select only one term as the preferred term. Parentheses are used for annotations or supplementary notes; square brackets are used for the part of the term that can be omitted when the omitted term is cited in the technical document without causing misunderstanding, but only the complete term can be used in definitions, examples and notes. Parentheses and square brackets should not be used to indicate optional terms. Example 1: Normalization (for floating point representation) Truncation (about strings)
Truncation (about calculations)
Example 2: Ring network [network]
Floating point representation [system]
Floating point representation [method]
In the same field, if a term refers to multiple concepts, each concept should be a separate entry, especially in multilingual terminology standards.
Example 1:
07.09. 05
Example 2:
07. 09. 12
to callwww.bzxz.net
to return
to return
GB/T 1.6—1997
If multiple preferred terms are selected, each one is in bold and occupies a separate line. Example:
02.03.01 natural number natural number nonnegative integer
nonnegative integer
If a certain concept does not have a term or the term cannot be found, five small dots "………" should be used instead. When the priority term is also the chapter title, the term needs to be repeated in its proper position before being defined. Example 1:
3 concept
Example 2:
concept
a thinking unit abstracted from the characteristics of a general object (2.1). 5 term
5. 3. 1. 2 term term
the reference (5.3.1) of a defined concept (3.1) expressed by a language symbol in a specialized language (2.3). 6.4.3 Corresponding words
Position: For other language terms (corresponding words) without definition, they shall be arranged according to the following provisions: a) When only English corresponding words are listed, they shall be arranged after Chinese with one blank. Example: standard
b) When two or more corresponding words are listed, each corresponding word shall occupy a separate line. The order of corresponding words for Chinese terminology standards is English, French, Russian, and then other languages; the order of corresponding words for minority language terminology standards is Chinese, English, French, Russian, and then other languages.
Printing convention: The language code specified in GB/T4880 shall be added before the corresponding word, and the code shall be printed in white font, and the corresponding word shall be printed with one blank. The priority corresponding word shall be in bold font.
Example: standard
en standard
fr norme
CTaHIapT
Supplementary explanation: The correspondence between terms in different languages has the following possibilities: a) Correspondence, arranged according to the above method.
b) When there are multiple equivalents in a language, the equivalents are separated by semicolons. Preferred equivalents are in boldface; permitted equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) (see Example 1 in 6.4.4); rejected, obsolete, and superseded equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) and their standardization status is indicated in parentheses (see 5.2.6, 6.4.7, and Appendix A, Section A6.2.8). 231 Item number
Position: Start of item.
Typographic convention: Bold.
Supplementary note: If there is no need to indicate the relationship between concepts, the item number should be a simple ordinal number. When indicating the relationship between concepts, each item number should consist of two or more groups of numbers, of which the last group is a simple ordinal number, and the other groups of numbers can reflect the hierarchy of concepts and the relationship between concepts. In this case, the item number also serves as a mark to indicate the position of the concept in the concept system. 6.4.2 Preferred term
Position: One space after the item number. Typographic convention: Bold.
Supplementary note: It is recommended to select only one term as the preferred term. Parentheses are used for annotations or supplementary notes; square brackets are used for the part of the term that can be omitted when the omitted term is cited in the technical document without causing misunderstanding, but only the complete term can be used in definitions, examples and notes. Parentheses and square brackets should not be used to indicate optional terms. Example 1: Normalization (for floating point representation) Truncation (about strings)
Truncation (about calculations)
Example 2: Ring network [network]
Floating point representation [system]
Floating point representation [method]
In the same field, if a term refers to multiple concepts, each concept should be a separate entry, especially in multilingual terminology standards.
Example 1:
07.09. 05
Example 2:
07. 09. 12
to call
to return
to return
GB/T 1.6—1997
If multiple preferred terms are selected, each one is in bold and occupies a separate line. Example:
02.03.01 natural number natural number nonnegative integer
nonnegative integer
If a certain concept does not have a term or the term cannot be found, five small dots "………" should be used instead. When the priority term is also the chapter title, the term needs to be repeated in its proper position before being defined. Example 1:
3 concept
Example 2:
concept
a thinking unit abstracted from the characteristics of a general object (2.1). 5 term
5. 3. 1. 2 term term
the reference (5.3.1) of a defined concept (3.1) expressed by a language symbol in a specialized language (2.3). 6.4.3 Corresponding words
Position: For other language terms (corresponding words) without definition, they shall be arranged according to the following provisions: a) When only English corresponding words are listed, they shall be arranged after Chinese with one blank. Example: standard
b) When two or more corresponding words are listed, each corresponding word shall occupy a separate line. The order of corresponding words for Chinese terminology standards is English, French, Russian, and then other languages; the order of corresponding words for minority language terminology standards is Chinese, English, French, Russian, and then other languages.
Printing convention: The language code specified in GB/T4880 shall be added before the corresponding word, and the code shall be printed in white font, and the corresponding word shall be printed with one blank. The priority corresponding word shall be in bold font.
Example: standard
en standard
fr norme
CTaHIapT
Supplementary explanation: The correspondence between terms in different languages has the following possibilities: a) Correspondence, arranged according to the above method.
b) When there are multiple equivalents in a language, the equivalents are separated by semicolons. Preferred equivalents are in boldface; permitted equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) (see Example 1 in 6.4.4); rejected, obsolete, and superseded equivalents are in whiteface (Songface for Chinese) and their standardization status is indicated in parentheses (see 5.2.6, 6.4.7, and Appendix A, Section A6.2.8). 23
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