This standard specifies guidelines for the classification and grading of radioactive waste. This standard applies to all radioactive waste generated during the production, research and use of radioactive materials as well as processing, maintenance, decommissioning and other processes. This standard does not apply to waste generated from the mining and metallurgy processes of uranium, thorium and their associated minerals. The environmental management of such wastes can be implemented with reference. GB 9133-1995 Classification of Radioactive Waste GB9133-1995 Standard download and decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standards of the People's Republic of China | Scope
This standard specifies the classification and grading guidelines for radioactive waste. Class
GB91331995
Replaces GB9133-88
This standard applies to all radioactive waste generated during the production, research and use of radioactive materials, as well as the processing, maintenance, decommissioning, etc. This standard does not apply For wastes generated from the mining and metallurgy processes of uranium, needles and their associated minerals, the environmental management of such wastes can be implemented as a reference. 2 Terms
2.1 Radioactive waste
radioactive waste
For the purpose of supervision and management, radioactive waste contains radionuclides or is contaminated by radionuclides, and its concentration or activity is greater than the national audit Substances that meet the cleaning clearance levels specified by regulatory authorities and are not expected to be used again. Radioactive airborne waste radioactivegaseouswaste2.2
Gaseous waste containing radioactive gases and aerosols whose radioactive concentration exceeds the emission limit specified by the national regulatory authorities. 2.3
Radioactive liquid waste radioactive liquid waste contains radionuclides and its radioactivity concentration exceeds the discharge limit specified by the national regulatory authorities. radioactivesolid waste
Radioactive solid waste
2.4
matter.
2.5
Solid waste exempted waste containing radionuclides whose radioactive specific activity or pollution level exceeds the clean clearance level stipulated by the national regulatory authorities
exemptwaste||tt| |Waste that contains radioactive substances and whose radioactive concentration, radioactive specific activity or contamination level does not exceed the cleaning and control levels stipulated by the national regulatory authorities.
2.6 Clearance level is specified by the national regulatory department and is a set of values ??expressed in radioactive concentration, radioactive specific activity and/or total activity. When the radiation source is equal to or lower than these values, Audit control can be lifted. 3 Framework of radioactive waste classification
3.1 Waste is divided into exempt waste, low-level radioactive waste, medium-level radioactive waste or high-level radioactive waste according to its radioactive activity level, as shown in Figure 1.
3.2 Radioactive waste is divided into three categories: airborne waste, liquid waste and solid waste according to its physical properties. 3.3 Radioactive airborne waste is divided into different levels according to its radioactivity concentration level. Radioactivity concentration is expressed in Bl/m. 3.4
Radioactive liquid waste is divided into different levels according to its radioactivity concentration level. Radioactivity concentration is expressed in Bg/L. 3.5 Radioactive solid waste is first divided into five types according to the half-life length and emission type of the nuclide it contains. Then it is divided into different levels according to its radioactive specific activity level. Radioactivity specific activity is expressed in Bg/kg. The National Environmental Protection Agency approved the implementation on 1996-08-01 on 1995-12-21 | tt | Waste classification framework diagram
4.1 Level i low-level radioactive waste gas): the concentration is less than or equal to 4×10°Bg/m. 4.2 Level 1 (medium exhaust gas): concentration greater than 4×10°Bqg/m. 5 Classification of radioactive liquid waste
5.1 Level 1 (low-level radioactive waste): The concentration is less than or equal to 4×10°Bg/L. 5.2 Level 1 (medium-level radioactive waste): The concentration is greater than 4×10°Bg /1L, less than or equal to 4×10\Bl/L. 5.3 Level 1 (high-level radioactive waste): concentration greater than 4X10\Bqg/L. 6 Classification of radioactive solid waste
6.1 Half-life of radioactive solid waste The specific radioactive activity of the emitter nuclide is greater than 4×10Bq/kg in a single package (for near-surface disposal facilities, the average alpha specific activity of multiple packages is greater than 4×10°Bg/kg). Alpha waste 6.2 In addition to alpha waste, radioactive solid waste is divided into four types according to the length of the half-width of the longest-lived radionuclide contained in it. 6.2.1 Contains radionuclides with a half-life less than or equal to 60 days (including the nuclide iodine-125). Waste of radionuclides is divided into Level 1 (low-level radioactive waste) according to its radioactivity specific activity level: the specific activity is less than or equal to 4×10°Bg/kg 6.2.1.1.
6.2.1.2 Level [intermediate radioactive waste]: specific activity greater than 4×10*Bg/kg 6.2.2 Containing half-life greater than 60d, less than or equal to 5a (including nuclide cobalt-60). Radionuclide waste is divided into Level 2 according to its specific radioactivity level
6.2.2.1 Level 1 (low-level radioactive waste): the specific activity is less than or equal to 4×10°Bq/kg6.2.2. 2 Level [intermediate radioactive waste]: Waste containing radionuclides with a specific activity greater than 4×10°Bg/kg and a half-life greater than 5a and less than or equal to 30a (including nuclide-137). Press. Its radioactivity specific activity level is divided into three levels.
6.2.3.1 Level 1 (low radioactive waste) has a specific activity less than or equal to 4×10°Bg/kg. 6.2.3.2 Level I (medium radioactive waste). Waste), the specific activity is greater than 4×10°Bq/kg, less than or equal to 4×10\Bg/kg, and the heat release rate is less than or equal to 2kW/m
6.2.3.3 Level II (high). Radioactive waste): The heat release rate is greater than 2kW/m, or the specific activity is greater than 4×10\Bq/kg. Waste containing radionuclides with a half-life greater than 30a (excluding alpha waste) is classified according to its radioactive specific activity level. It is Level 3. 6.2.4
6.2.4.1 Level 1 (low-level radioactive waste), the specific activity is less than or equal to 4×10°Bg/kg. Level 1 (intermediate-level radioactive waste) has a specific activity greater than 4 ×10°Bqg/kg, and the heat release rate is less than or equal to 2kW/m6.2.4.2
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6.2.4.3 Level I (high-level radioactive waste ): The specific activity is greater than 4X101Bg/kg or the heat release rate is greater than 2kW/m. The annual dose value caused by the exposure of exempted waste to members of the public is less than 0.01mSv, and the collective dose to the public is Waste containing very small amounts of radionuclides not exceeding 1 person·Sv/a.
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A2
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Appendix A
Main factors that should be considered in developing a radioactive waste classification system (reference Parts)
The main objectives of establishing a classification system include: the types of radioactive waste that need to be included; a.
b.
c.
the activities being considered and Facilities;
areas of application (planning, operation, post-operation); security objectives to be met.
d.
The scope of the classification system includes: a.
b.
e
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
A3
Exposure to workers;
Exposure to members of the public;| |tt|| Impact on the environment;
Nuclear criticality safety;
Normal operation, accident or emergency conditions;
Heat release from radioactive waste:
Process, engineering Question;
Information exchange.
Regulatory and technical constraints, including: a.
b.
e.
d.
The nuclide composition of radioactive waste and Its concentration; limits and requirements specified by the regulatory authorities;
approaches and scenarios proposed by the safety assessment;
operating limits;
site conditions (for the disposal of radioactive waste, Geological, hydrogeological and meteorological characteristics have an important influence on site selection and the type of radioactive waste that can be disposed of e.
); f.
Social and policy issues: || tt||Legal regulations and requirements.
Parameters of radioactive waste, including:
A4
a.
Source;
b.wwW.bzxz.Net
Nuclear critical properties:
Radioactive properties: half-life, heat release, range of radiation, activity and concentration of radionuclides, surface contamination and related radioactivity c.
Dose factor of nuclide;
Other physical properties: physical state (solid, liquid or gaseous), size and weight, compactability, dispersibility, volatility, solubility d.
and interaction Solubility:
, chemical properties: potential chemical hazards, corrosion resistance, corrosiveness, organic content, flammability, chemical reactivity, gas release and absorption of radionuclides.
;
f. Biological Properties: Potential biohazard. 168
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Additional notes:
This standard is proposed by the State Environmental Protection Administration and China Nuclear Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by the Second Research and Design Institute of Nuclear Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Sun Donghui, Wei Kuizi and Yang Mu. The National Environmental Protection Administration is responsible for interpreting this standard. 165
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