JB/T 6012-1992 Technical requirements for intake and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines
Some standard content:
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
JB/T 6012-1992
Technical Requirements for Intake and Exhaust Valves of Internal Combustion Engines
Published on May 28, 1992
Implementation by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry of the People's Republic of China on January 1, 1993
Mechanical Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical Requirements for Intake and Exhaust Valves of Internal Combustion Engines
Subject Content and Scope of Application
JB/T 60121992
This standard specifies the technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation and storage of intake and exhaust valves (hereinafter referred to as valves) of internal combustion engines.
This standard applies to valves of reciprocating piston internal combustion engines with a cylinder diameter of less than 200mm. ：Cited standards
GB1031
GB1184
GB1221
GB1804
GB1958
GB2828
GB3077
GB4340
GB4380
JB3168~3170
3 Technical requirements
Metal tensile test method
Metal Rockwell hardness test method
Surface roughness parameters and their values
Shape and position tolerances Unnoted tolerances Heat-resistant steel bars
Tolerances and fitsLimit deviations of dimensions without tolerancesTesting and determination of shape and position tolerances
Batch-by-batch inspectionCount sampling procedures and sampling tables (applicable to inspection of continuous batches)Technical conditions for alloy structural steels
Methods for testing metal Vickers hardness
Methods for determining roundness error
Two-point and three-point methods
Spray welding alloy powders
Metallographic inspection standards for intake and exhaust valves of internal combustion enginesTechnical conditions for magnetic particle flaw detection of intake and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines3.1 Products shall comply with the provisions of this standard and be manufactured according to drawings and technical documents approved by the prescribed procedures. The names of various valve departments are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. 3.2
Approved by the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry on May 28, 1992?
Implemented on January 1, 1993
Lock clamp
Rod end
Rod end face
Disc cone
Disc outer circle
Disc end face
Base diameter
JB/T6012—1992
Including the disc end face, disc outer circle, and disc cone. The transition between the disc and the rod
Corresponding to the valve guide The cylindrical part of the contact and its extension The part where the lock clip is installed (divided into slot type and pin hole type) The part between the lock clip part and the rod end face
The surface in contact with the broadcast arm or tappet
The location where the retaining ring is installed
The conical surface in contact with the valve seat
The part between the disc end face and the disc cone surface The outer end face of the disc part
The diameter of the geometric contact circle between the disc cone surface and the valve seat The chemical composition of the material shall comply with the provisions of GB3077, GB1221 and JB3168~3170, see Table 2. The mechanical properties of the material shall comply with the provisions of Table 3. Other materials that meet the technical requirements and use requirements of this standard may be selected as needed. According to the material conditions and usage requirements, the valve disc cone or rod end surface can be welded with a high temperature, corrosion and wear resistant cobalt or nickel-based alloy; the outer cylindrical surface of the rod can be chrome plated, nitrided and other surface strengthening treatments; the lock clamp groove can be strengthened by rolling, and the valve can be made into a whole or welded. The tensile strength of the rod weld should be greater than or equal to the tensile strength of the valve matrix material; the shear strength of the rod end weld should be specified in the product drawing. The metal macrostructure of the valve disc and neck longitudinal surface should have a fiber direction consistent with the shape, and there should be no truncation. Only the welding and surfacing areas of the welded valve are allowed to have fiber truncation. 3.7 Hardness
3.7.1 After quenching and tempering, the hardness of the valve should be within the range of 33~40HRC, and the hardness difference of each valve should be less than or equal to 4 units; the hardness of austenitic steel or welded valves should be specified in the product drawing. 3.7.2 The hardness of the rod end after surfacing welding shall be greater than or equal to 48HRC, and the hardness of the disc cone after surfacing welding shall be in accordance with the product drawing. 3.7.3 The hardness of the rod end after surface quenching shall be greater than or equal to 48HRC. When the rod end length is greater than 4mm, the hardened layer depth shall be greater than or equal to 2mm; when the rod end length is less than or equal to 4mm, the hardened layer depth shall be greater than or equal to 1mm. The total depth of the quenching hardness and transition layer shall be less than the rod end length. For valves that require surface quenching of both the rod end and the lock clamp, the distribution and hardness of the hardened layer shall be in accordance with the product drawing.
3.7.4 For valves with surface treatment of the rod, the surface hardness shall be in accordance with the product drawing. 3.8
The valve surface roughness parameter value shall be in accordance with GB1031. 3.8.1 The R value of the disc cone surface is 0.63μm.
The R value of the cylindrical surface of the rod is 0.63μm.
The R value of the rod end surface is 1.00μm.
The R value of the conical lock clip groove surface is 1.25um. The surface roughness of other shapes of lock clip grooves and pin holes shall comply with the product drawings; the surface roughness of the machined neck shall comply with the product drawings. Material brand
42CrMo
4Cr9Si2
4Cr10Si2Mo
8Cr20Si2Mi
5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
Y5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
2CY22Ni1N
3Cr20Ni11Mo2PB
4Cr14Ni14W2Mo
F11—55
F11—40
Material brand
42CrMo
4Cr9Si2||tt ||4Cr10Si2Mo
8Cr20Si2Ni
5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
Y5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
2C22Ni1IN
3Cr20Ni11Mo2PB
4Cr14Ni14W2Mo
F11—55
F21—4
0.37-0.44
0.17~0.37
0.38~0.450.17).37
0.35~0.45||tt| |0.48~0.58
0.15~0.25
0.30~0.70
1.90~2.64
0.50~0.80
8.00~10.00
8.0010.00
.00~1.60
water Cold, oil-cooled
Original cold, oil-cooled
1020-1040
1010-1040
10301080
700780
720-760
700 800 | | tt | 0
730-760
≥785
0.35~0.50
0.15~0.30
Brinell hardness
0.0010.010
1.80~2.60
Gregg hardness
Intake valve
Intake valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Rod sheath surface
Chain surface
Heat treatment
JB/T 60121992
JB/T60121992
Y5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
2CY22Ni11N
3Cr20Ni11Mo2PB
4Cr14Ni14W2Mo
F11—55
F11—40
Material Grade
42CrMo
4Cr9Si2
4C r10Si2Mo
8Cr20Si2Ni
5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
Y5Cr21Mn9Ni4N
2C/22Ni11N
3Cr20Ni11Mo2PB
4Cr14Ni14W2Mo
F11—40
0.15~0 .25
0.40~0.50
1.00 ~1.60
Potential treatment ℃
Solid treatment
Water cooling, oil cooling
Natural cooling, oil cooling
10201040
1010~1040
10301080
700780
720-760
700800
1100-1200
1100-1200
1050- 1150
1120~1150
820850
730-780
730780
750-800
730-760
02.00~2.75
0.35-0.50
0.15~0.30
Mechanical properties
Brinell hardness
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0.0010.010
1.80~2.60
Lu's hardness
Rank Valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Exhaust valve
Rod surface
Disc surface
Disc chain surface
Heat treatment
60121992
3.9 Shape and position tolerance
JB/T6012-1992
3.9.1 The angle tolerance between the cone surface of the disk and the axis of the rod is 30°. 3.9.2 The oblique circular runout tolerance of the cone surface of the disk to the axis of the rod shall comply with the following provisions: a. If the diameter of the disk is less than or equal to 50mm, the tolerance is 0.020mm; b. If the diameter of the disk is greater than 50mm, the tolerance is 0.030mm. The roundness tolerance of the cone surface of the disk shall comply with the provisions of tolerance grade 8 in Appendix 2 of GB1184. 3.9.3
The cylindrical tolerance of the rod is 0.010mm
The end face circular runout tolerance of the rod end face to the rod axis is 0.030mm. The circular runout tolerance of the lock clip groove surface to the rod axis or the symmetry tolerance of the pin hole axis to the rod axis is 0.10mm. The end face circular runout tolerance of the disc end face to the rod axis meets the following requirements: 0.20mm for machined ones;
b. 0.30mm for unmachined ones.
3.10 Appearance
3.10.1 There shall be no cracks, oxide scale or overburning on the valve surface. The non-machined surface shall be flat and no forging defects that affect the performance are allowed; there shall be no harmful defects such as scratches, pitting, corrosion, etc. on the working surface. 3.10.2 The surface quality of the valve cladding layer, chrome plating and nitriding treatment shall comply with the product drawings and technical documents. It is allowed to mark the end face of the disc or the non-working surface of the rod, but it cannot affect the geometric accuracy of the valve. 3.10.3
1 The metallographic structure of the valve shall comply with the provisions of NJ354 and product drawings. 2 The magnetic particle inspection of the valve shall comply with the provisions of NJ437, and other non-destructive inspections shall comply with the provisions of relevant technical documents. 3.12
3 The dimensions without tolerances in the drawings shall comply with IT12 in GB1804. 4 Under normal use of the internal combustion engine, the service life of the valve shall be greater than or equal to the overhaul period of the engine. If the damage is caused by poor manufacturing quality, the manufacturer shall replace it free of charge. 4 Inspection methodwwW.bzxz.Net
4.1 Material
The valve steel shall be inspected according to the methods specified in GB3077 and GB1221, and the cladding alloy shall be inspected according to the methods specified in JB3168~3170. 4.2Tensile strength of the rod weld
Test according to the method specified in GB228.
4.3Metallic macrostructure of the longitudinal section of the valve disc and neckThe valve is cut longitudinally and visually inspected after hot etching with hydrochloric acid solution. 4.4Hardness
Test according to the provisions of GB230 or GB4340.
4.5Depth of hardened layer on the rod end
Test according to the method specified in NJ354.
4.6Surface roughness
Subject to the profilometer test. For surfaces that are difficult to measure, such as arc surfaces, surface roughness samples can also be used for comparison. 4.7 Angle of the disk cone surface
JB/T 6012-1992
Use a universal tool microscope for detection, or use a universal angle ruler or angle gauge for detection. 4.8 The oblique circular runout of the disk cone surface to the stem axis. Support the valve stem on a 90° V-shaped block, position the valve end center axis, and place a micrometer perpendicular to the cone surface at about the middle of the disk cone width. The valve rotates one circle. The maximum difference in the table reading is the oblique circular runout of the measured part to the stem axis. 4.9 The roundness of the disk cone surface
shall be detected according to the provisions of GB1958 Appendix 1 (3) Roundness error detection scheme 1-2. 4.10 The cylindricality of the stem
shall be detected according to the provisions of GB1958 Appendix 1 (4) Cylindricity error detection scheme 1-1. It can also be decomposed into the following three measurement methods for separate measurement.
4.10.1 Use a micrometer to measure the stem diameter at the upper, middle and lower positions of the same axial section of the stem. The maximum difference measured should be less than or equal to 0.010mm
4.10.2 Support the two ends of the valve stem on a 90° V-shaped block (in point contact with each other), and position it axially with the center of the stem end face. Place a micrometer vertically above the valve stem between the two supporting points. When the valve rotates one circle, half of the maximum difference in the gauge readings should be less than or equal to 0.0075mm.
4.10.3 Test according to the method in 4.9 or the 3S90°+3S60°/30° scheme specified in GB4380. The actual roundness error of the stem is 0.010mm
4.11 Circular runout of the end face of the rod to the axis of the stem Support the valve stem on a 90° V-shaped block, axially locate it with the center of the rod end face, and place a dial gauge axially at the edge of the rod end face. After the valve rotates one circle, the maximum difference in the dial readings is the circular runout of the end face of the measured part to the axis of the stem. 4.12 Circular runout of the surface of the lock clip groove to the axis of the stem Support the valve stem on a 90° V-shaped block, make the dial gauge contact with the surface of the lock clip groove and be perpendicular to the surface to be measured, and axially locate it with the center of the rod end face. After the valve rotates one circle, the maximum difference in the dial gauge readings is the circular runout of the measured part to the axis of the stem. 4.13 Symmetry of the pin hole axis to the rod axis Insert the valve on the pin shaft that fits the pin hole tightly, so that both sides of the rod cylindrical surface are in contact with the two fixed dial gauge contacts at the same time. The maximum difference between the two meter readings is the symmetry error of the pin hole axis to the rod axis, which can also be measured with a special caliper. 4.14 End face circular runout of the disc end face to the rod axis Support the valve stem on a 90° V-shaped block, position it axially with the center of the rod end face, and place a dial gauge along the axial direction on the disc end face. When the outer diameter of the disc is less than or equal to 50mm, the measuring point is set at the outer periphery of the disc end face; when the outer diameter of the disc is greater than 50mm, the measuring point is set at 25mm from the center. After the valve rotates one circle, the maximum difference in the meter readings is the end face circular runout of the disc end face to the rod axis.
4.15 Appearance
Visual inspection of appearance.
4.16 Metallographic structure
For integral valves, the test method shall be as specified in NJ354; for valves welded with two materials or welded on the conical surface, the two materials and welding parts of the stem shall be sampled and tested separately.
4.17 Flaw detection
Test according to the methods specified in NJ347 and relevant standards. 6
5 Inspection rules
JB/T6012-1992
5.1 The manufacturer shall conduct factory inspection on valves in accordance with the provisions of Articles 3.5 to 3.12. 5.2 When customers check product quality, they shall conduct random inspections in accordance with the provisions of GB2828. The inspection items, sampling and group comparison principles, and judgment rules shall be determined in accordance with the technical documents agreed upon by the manufacturer and the customer. 6 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
6.1 Each product should be marked with:
a. Manufacturer's name or trademark;
b. According to the specific situation, the intake valve can be marked with "", and the exhaust valve can be marked with "P"; other words can also be marked according to the requirements of the ordering unit. The marking position, size and method shall be in accordance with the product drawings. 6.2 Each product must be treated with rust prevention and wrapped with strong and impermeable neutral paper or plastic bags before being packed into boxes. Each box should contain products of the same model and variety. 6.3 The box should be marked with:
a. Manufacturer's name, trademark and address;
b. Product name, model and part number;
c. Quantity;
d. Product quality grade;
Packing date and rust prevention validity period.
6.4 Each carton should be accompanied by a product certificate signed by the manufacturer's quality inspector. 6.5 Products packed in cartons must be packed in dry packaging boxes lined with waterproof paper, and ensure that they will not be damaged during normal transportation. The total weight of the box must not exceed 50kg. If the ordering unit agrees, simple packaging methods can also be used. 6.6 The outside of the packaging box should be marked with:
b. Manufacturer's name, trademark and address;
c. Product name and model;
d. Receiving unit and address;
e. Factory date and anti-rust validity period;
f. "Handle with care", "Moisture-proof" and other words or symbols. 6.7 Under the condition of preventing mechanical damage, valves are allowed to be transported by any means of transportation. 6.8 The products should be stored in a ventilated and dry warehouse. Under normal storage conditions, the manufacturer should ensure that the products will not rust within 12 months from the date of leaving the factory.
Additional Notes:
This standard is proposed and managed by the Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry. This standard is drafted by the Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Qin
(Zhi, Zhao Minghao.
People's Republic of China
Mechanical Industry Standard
Technical Conditions for Intake and Exhaust Valves of Internal Combustion Engines
JB/T 60121992
Published by the China Academy of Mechanical Science
Printed by the China Academy of Mechanical Science
(No. 2, Shouti South Road, Beijing
Postal Code: 100044)
Words: 14,000
1/16 Printing Sheet: 3/4
Format: 880×1230
First Edition: October 1992First Printing: October 1992Price: RMB 2.40
Print Quantity: 1-500
19920944
Mechanical Industry Standards Service Network: http://www.JB.ac.cn66_09
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