GB/T 15077-1994 Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys
Some standard content:
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Geometric size measuring methods of precious metals and their alloy materials
Measuring methods
Geometric size measuring methods of precious metals and their alloy materials Part I
Method 1 Direct measurement method
1 Subject content and scope of application
GB/T 15077-- 94
GB 3491 -: 83
Replaces GB3492
GB3493 -83
This standard specifies the measuring methods for the geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloy plates, strips, tubes, wires, bars and composite materials. This standard is applicable to the measurement of the geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloy plates, strips, tubes, wires, bars and composite materials. This standard can also be used for the measurement of the geometric dimensions of other metal materials. 2 Reference standards
GB8170 Numerical rounding rules
YB935 Methods for preparing metallographic specimens of precious metals and their alloys 3 Definitions and terms
3.1 Diameterdiameter
The distance between two parallel tangents of the outer circle of the cross section of a wire (tube) is called the wire (tube) diameter (outer diameter); the distance between two parallel tangents of the inner circle of the cross section of a tube is called the inner diameter of the tube. 3.2 Out of roundnessout of roundnessThe maximum difference in diameter measured in different directions of the cross section of a wire. 3.3 Thicknessthickness
The distance between the upper and lower parallel planes of a plate or strip. 3.4 Widthwidth
The distance between the parallel planes on both sides of a plate or strip. 3.5 Thickness of tube wallThe distance between the parallel tangents of the inner and outer circles of the cross section of a tube. 3.6 Clad thicknesscladding thicknessThe thickness of the precious metal layer on the metal material substrate. 3.7 Cladding width
The distance between the two sides of the cladding strip and the boundary line of the metal matrix. 3.8 Overlay cladding sheets and strips Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on May 11, 1994, and implemented on December 1, 1994
GB/T 15077-94
Sheets and strips made of a matrix material with a cladding material on one or both sides. 3.9 Inlay cladding shects and strips Sheets and strips Sheets and strips made of a matrix material with one or more cladding materials on the surface. 3.10 Cladding tubes, rods and wires Tubes, rods and wires made of two or more materials. 4 Measuring instruments
4.1 Measuring tools
4.1.1 Outside diameter micrometer and wall thickness micrometer: minimum graduation value is 0.01mm and 0.001mm. 4.1.2 Vernier caliper: minimum graduation value is 0.02mm. 4.2 Measuring instruments
4.2.1 Optical comparator, projector, measuring microscope or equipment of equivalent precision: minimum graduation value is 0.001mm4.2.2 Contact interferometer: minimum graduation value is 0.00002mm. 4.3 Block gauge: graded gauge block and its accessories.
5 Sample preparation and requirements
5.1 The sample should be representative, with no defects such as cracks, peeling, inclusions and delamination on the surface. It must be cleaned before measurement. 5.2 Sample length: When sampling is required, proceed as follows. 5.2.1 Wire and bar samples: The length that meets the measurement requirements should be taken. 5.2.2 Plate and strip samples: Take two samples with a length of 10~20mm. 5.2.3 Pipe samples: When the pipe needs to be processed into a ring or inlaid into a metallographic sample, its cross section should be perpendicular to the axis, the height of the ring should be 0.8~1.5 mm, and the end face should be smooth and free of burrs. 5.3 Composite material plate, strip, tube, rod, wire samples: Take 3~5 samples at different locations. The cutting, inlaying, grinding, polishing and composite interface corrosion of the sample shall refer to YB935.
6 Dimension measurement
6.1 Selection of measuring instruments and environmental requirements
6.1.1 The accuracy of the measuring instrument shall be selected according to 1/5~1/10 of the product size tolerance. 6.1.2 Precision measurement should be carried out under constant temperature conditions, the temperature should be controlled at 20±2℃, and the sample should be fully heated with the measuring instrument. 6.2 Diameter and out-of-roundness measurement
6.2.1 Diameter measurement: Select 3 to 5 points along the entire length of the sample to be tested. The maximum and minimum values measured are the diameter range values. 6.2.2 Out-of-roundness measurement: For samples with a diameter greater than 0.05mm, a rotating fixture or other method can be used to clamp the sample so that the sample is rotated along the axis to a predetermined angle before measurement; when the diameter is less than 0.05mm, the sample can be held by hand and measured at least five times in different directions. 6.3 Measurement of thickness, width and length of plates and strips: On the same plate or strip material, measure the head, middle and tail. 6.3.1 Measurement of thickness of plates and strips: When the material width is greater than 50mm, more than three points should be measured on the cross-section line at a distance of not less than 5mm from the edge; when the material width is not greater than 50mm, more than three points should be measured on the cross-section line at a distance of 3mm from the edge. The maximum and minimum values measured are the thickness range.
6.3.2 Width measurement of plate and strip specimens: measure at both ends and the middle section. If high precision is required, a projector or other instrument can be used for measurement. The maximum and minimum values measured are the width range values. 6.3.3 Length measurement of plates and strips: select appropriate instruments for measurement according to the allowable deviation of their length. 6.4 Measurement of outer diameter and wall thickness of pipes
6.4.1 Projection method: the projection light axis is parallel to the axis of the pipe ring specimen (that is, the cross section of the pipe is perpendicular to the projection light axis), and measure more than four times on the center line of the cross section of the pipe ring that is 362
GB/T15077--94
right angle to each other. The wall thickness is calculated according to formula (2) based on the measured results. Take the range value of the maximum and minimum values. As shown in Figure 1. D
Figure 1 Tube Sample Measurement Diagram
DD—Outer diameter of the tube; di.d2-Inner diameter of the tube; t1vt2—Wall thickness of the tube
6.4.2 Contact method: If the sample allows, the outer diameter and wall thickness of the tube can be measured with the outer diameter and wall thickness micrometers, and calculated according to 3.2 and 3.4 respectively. 6.5 Measurement of composite layer thickness and width
6.5.1 Measurement of composite layer thickness of composite plate and strip: Measure the composite layer thickness of the prepared metallographic sample with a measuring microscope. Composite layer thickness of surface composite material: Measure five points on the entire polished surface of the same sample, and take the maximum and minimum values of the composite layer thickness range. If the edge of the image is not smooth, the aiming line coincides with the 1/2 of the peak and valley of the black line on the edge of the image. Strip composite layer thickness: If the cross section of the composite layer is crescent-shaped, as shown in Figure 2, the polished surface of the sample should be divided into 6 equal parts, and the composite layer thickness should be measured on the 5 equal division lines respectively, and the average value should be taken. Calculate according to formula (3). The measurement is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Measurement diagram of strip width and layer thickness
H-composite material thickness, hl, hz, hs, hh5--layer thickness; 6-strip width
6.5.2 Strip width: Measure with a microscope or other instrument, and take the maximum and minimum values as the range value of the strip width. 6.5.3 Measurement of composite wire and pipe layer thickness: The measurement method is in accordance with 6.5.1. 563
7 Expression of measurement results
7.1 Out-of-roundness is calculated according to formula (1):
-out-of-roundness, mm;
Where: 0—
The maximum value of the diameter, mm;
The minimum value of the diameter, mm.
7.2 The wall thickness of the pipe is calculated according to formula (2):
Wu Zhong: t
Wall thickness, mm;
Outer diameter of the pipe, mm;
d--Inner diameter of the pipe, mm.
GB/T 15077-94
O - Dmax - Dmin
t = (D - d)/2
7.3 The layer thickness of the composite material is calculated according to formula (3): h=(h, +hz +h +hs + h,)/5
Wu Zhong: h—
Average layer thickness, mm;
h,～h--layer thickness, mm.
7.4 For other geometric dimensions, the minimum and maximum values measured are taken as the range values. 7.5 The rounding of the decimal point of the numerical value shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB8170. Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number:
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, and status; Test results:
Situations that may affect the results not specified in the standard; Measurement date, measurer, and reviewer.
Part II
Method 2 Weighing method
9 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the measurement method for determining the transverse dimensions of precious metal and alloy fine wires, foils, and thin-walled tubes by weighing method. (2)
This standard is applicable to the measurement of the diameter of precious metal and alloy fine wires, the thickness of foils, and the aperture and wall thickness of thin-walled tubes. Measuring range: Wire diameter ≥ 0.008mm; Foil thickness ≥ 0.003mm; Pipe pore diameter and wall thickness ≥ 0.3mm and 0.08mm respectively. This method can also be used to measure the geometric dimensions of other metal materials. 10 Reference standards
GB1423 Density measurement method of precious metals and their alloys GB8170 Numerical rounding rules
11 Principle of the method
By measuring the weight and density of the sample, the corresponding geometric dimension values are calculated according to the following formulas. 564
Where: D, - diameter of a wire sample, cm; m
Mass of the sample, g;
GB/T15077-94
D = No. 785 4.L .p
L Length of a wire and pipe sample, cm; p
Density of the sample, g/cm\.
0.7854.Dp
Wherein: H
thickness of foil sample, cm;
mass of sample, g;
diameter of circular foil sample, cm;
p——density of sample, g/cm°.
Wherein: d—inner diameter of pipe sample, cm; D: outer diameter of pipe sample, cm;
length of wire and pipe sample, cm.
12 Measuring instruments
12.1 Balance: sensitivity shall not be less than 0.01mg. 12.2 Sample preparation device
0. 785 4 : L· p
....**..*............+* 4
（5）
12.2.1 Wire sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 100±0.02cm, as shown in Figure 3. 12.2.2 Foil sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a round foil sample with a diameter of 4±0.005cm, 7±0.005cm, 9±0.005cm or other diameters by using a punch die, as shown in Figure 4. 12.2.3 Tube sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 10±0.005cm, as shown in Figure 5. 12.3 Measuring instrument for circular foil diameter (punch die diameter): accuracy 0.01mm. 12.4 Length measuring instrument: range 1000mm, accuracy 0.05mm. 12.5 Sample dryer, etc.
GB/T 15077--94
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wire sample preparation device
1--Wire wheel; 2-Wire clamping column; 3-Wire blocking column; 4 Adjusting screw; 5-Wire pressing clamp: 6-Adjusting screw; 7-Wire; 8-Knife holder; 9-Fixed knife; 10 Movable knife; 11 Support plate, 12-Magnetic code disk, 13 Bracket; 14-Fixed screw; 15-Guide rail; 16-Wire hanging column; 17-Screw; 18-Handle; 19-Wire pressing screw; 20-Handle [6
GB/T 15077-94
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foil sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-die base 3-gasket; 4-unloading block; 5-punch; 6-die frame; 7-guide base; 8-pull rod; 9-bracket; 10-handle: 11-pressure hammer; 12 foil 567
13 Sample preparation and requirements
13.1 Sample
GB/T15077..94
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pipe sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-screw; 3-knife holder; 4-pipe; 5-clamp; 6-bracket; 7 handwheel 8-slider; 9-pressure block; 10 cutting 13.1.1 The sample should be truly representative, and the surface and appearance should meet the requirements of the corresponding material technical standards. 13.1.2 Before cutting the sample, the sample, sample preparation device and measuring instrument should be fully heated. 13.1.3 Before measuring, the sample should be cleaned with a mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:4) and fully dried. 13.2 Sample preparation
13.2.1 Wire sample, if the sample is cut by the sample preparation device shown in Figure 3, the sample should be placed on the hanging column (16) of the sample preparation device, so that the wire (7) passes through the wire blocking column (3), and then the wire is pressed with the upper screw (19) and allowed to hang freely on the wire seat. The code disk (12) is gently hung on the lower end of the wire, and the required tension code is added to straighten the wire. The tension should be controlled at 14-18N/mm2. The wire is pressed with the lower end screw (19), and the fixed length sample is cut through the upper and lower end handles. The mass of the sample should not be less than 5mg. If it is less than 5mg, multiple fixed length samples should be weighed together. 13.2.2 For foil samples, according to the size of the sample material, select dies of different diameters to cut the samples. The distance between the outer edge of the die and the edge of the sample should be greater than 5 mm.
If the sample preparation device shown in Figure 4 is used to cut the sample, place the foil flatly on the gasket (3), and press down the handle (10) to cut out the required circular sample piece. If the foil has poor flatness, a thin layer of grease or adhesive can be applied to the surface of the gasket to make the foil stick flatly on the gasket for cutting. 13.2.3 For pipe samples, if the sample preparation device shown in Figure 5 is used to cut the sample, first clamp the pipe in the clamp block (5) with a suitable groove, press and straighten the pipe with the screw (11), and place it in the sample preparation device. Slowly rotate the two hand wheels (7) to make the slide block (8) lightly press the pipe, then rotate the clamp block (5) continuously and continue to press the slide block on the pipe until the pipe is cut. The sample can also be cut using an instrument lathe, but the two end faces should be as parallel as possible.
14 Dimension measurement
GB/T 15077-94
14.1 Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be measured accurately to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of the outer diameter of the pipe: The measurement value should be measured accurately to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of the sample: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. During weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15 Expression of measurement results
15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimension values according to the measured results according to formulas (4), (5) and (6). 15.2 The effective figures of the calculation results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the mantissa shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" will be invalid.08mmThis method can also be used to measure the geometric dimensions of other metal materials. 10 Reference standards
GB1423 Measurement method of density of precious metals and their alloys GB8170 Numerical rounding rules
11 Principle of the method
By measuring the weight and density of the sample, the corresponding geometric dimension values are calculated according to the following formulas. 564
Where: D,-diameter of a wire sample, cm; m
mass of the sample, g;
GB/T15077-94
D = No. 785 4.L .p
L Length of a wire and pipe sample, cm; p
density of the sample, g/cm\.
0.7854.Dp
Wherein: H
thickness of foil sample, cm;
mass of sample, g;
diameter of circular foil sample, cm;
p——density of sample, g/cm°.
Wherein: d—inner diameter of pipe sample, cm; D: outer diameter of pipe sample, cm;
length of wire and pipe sample, cm.
12 Measuring instruments
12.1 Balance: sensitivity shall not be less than 0.01mg. 12.2 Sample preparation device
0. 785 4 : L· p
....**..*............+* 4
（5）
12.2.1 Wire sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 100±0.02cm, as shown in Figure 3. 12.2.2 Foil sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a round foil sample with a diameter of 4±0.005cm, 7±0.005cm, 9±0.005cm or other diameters by using a punch die, as shown in Figure 4. 12.2.3 Tube sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 10±0.005cm, as shown in Figure 5. 12.3 Measuring instrument for circular foil diameter (punch die diameter): accuracy 0.01mm. 12.4 Length measuring instrument: range 1000mm, accuracy 0.05mm. 12.5 Sample dryer, etc.
GB/T 15077--94bzxz.net
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wire sample preparation device
1--Wire wheel; 2-Wire clamping column; 3-Wire blocking column; 4 Adjusting screw; 5-Wire pressing clamp: 6-Adjusting screw; 7-Wire; 8-Knife holder; 9-Fixed knife; 10 Movable knife; 11 Support plate, 12-Magnetic code disk, 13 Bracket; 14-Fixed screw; 15-Guide rail; 16-Wire hanging column; 17-Screw; 18-Handle; 19-Wire pressing screw; 20-Handle [6
GB/T 15077-94
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foil sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-die base 3-gasket; 4-unloading block; 5-punch; 6-die frame; 7-guide base; 8-pull rod; 9-bracket; 10-handle: 11-pressure hammer; 12 foil 567
13 Sample preparation and requirements
13.1 Sample
GB/T15077..94
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pipe sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-screw; 3-knife holder; 4-pipe; 5-clamp; 6-bracket; 7 handwheel 8-slider; 9-pressure block; 10 cutting 13.1.1 The sample should be truly representative, and the surface and appearance should meet the requirements of the corresponding material technical standards. 13.1.2 Before cutting the sample, the sample, sample preparation device and measuring instrument should be fully heated. 13.1.3 Before measuring, the sample should be cleaned with a mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:4) and fully dried. 13.2 Sample preparation
13.2.1 Wire sample, if the sample is cut by the sample preparation device shown in Figure 3, the sample should be placed on the hanging column (16) of the sample preparation device, so that the wire (7) passes through the wire blocking column (3), and then the wire is pressed with the upper screw (19) and allowed to hang freely on the wire seat. The code disk (12) is gently hung on the lower end of the wire, and the required tension code is added to straighten the wire. The tension should be controlled at 14-18N/mm2. The wire is pressed with the lower end screw (19), and the fixed length sample is cut through the upper and lower end handles. The mass of the sample should not be less than 5mg. If it is less than 5mg, multiple fixed length samples should be weighed together. 13.2.2 For foil samples, according to the size of the sample material, select dies of different diameters to cut the samples. The distance between the outer edge of the die and the edge of the sample should be greater than 5 mm.
If the sample preparation device shown in Figure 4 is used to cut the sample, place the foil flatly on the gasket (3), and press down the handle (10) to cut out the required circular sample piece. If the foil has poor flatness, a thin layer of grease or adhesive can be applied to the surface of the gasket to make the foil stick flatly on the gasket for cutting. 13.2.3 For pipe samples, if the sample preparation device shown in Figure 5 is used to cut the sample, first clamp the pipe in the clamp block (5) with a suitable groove, press and straighten the pipe with the screw (11), and place it in the sample preparation device. Slowly rotate the two hand wheels (7) to make the slide block (8) lightly press the pipe, then rotate the clamp block (5) continuously and continue to press the slide block on the pipe until the pipe is cut. The sample can also be cut using an instrument lathe, but the two end faces should be as parallel as possible.
14 Dimension measurement
GB/T 15077-94
14.1 Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be measured accurately to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of the outer diameter of the pipe: The measurement value should be measured accurately to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of the sample: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. During weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15 Expression of measurement results
15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimension values according to the measured results according to formulas (4), (5) and (6). 15.2 The effective figures of the calculation results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the mantissa shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" will be invalid.08mmThis method can also be used to measure the geometric dimensions of other metal materials. 10 Reference standards
GB1423 Measurement method of density of precious metals and their alloys GB8170 Numerical rounding rules
11 Principle of the method
By measuring the weight and density of the sample, the corresponding geometric dimension values are calculated according to the following formulas. 564
Where: D,-diameter of a wire sample, cm; m
mass of the sample, g;
GB/T15077-94
D = No. 785 4.L .p
L Length of a wire and pipe sample, cm; p
density of the sample, g/cm\.
0.7854.Dp
Wherein: H
thickness of foil sample, cm;
mass of sample, g;
diameter of circular foil sample, cm;
p——density of sample, g/cm°.
Wherein: d—inner diameter of pipe sample, cm; D: outer diameter of pipe sample, cm;
length of wire and pipe sample, cm.
12 Measuring instruments
12.1 Balance: sensitivity shall not be less than 0.01mg. 12.2 Sample preparation device
0. 785 4 : L· p
....**..*............+* 4
（5）
12.2.1 Wire sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 100±0.02cm, as shown in Figure 3. 12.2.2 Foil sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a round foil sample with a diameter of 4±0.005cm, 7±0.005cm, 9±0.005cm or other diameters by using a punch die, as shown in Figure 4. 12.2.3 Tube sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting a sample with a length of 10±0.005cm, as shown in Figure 5. 12.3 Measuring instrument for circular foil diameter (punch die diameter): accuracy 0.01mm. 12.4 Length measuring instrument: range 1000mm, accuracy 0.05mm. 12.5 Sample dryer, etc.
GB/T 15077--94
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wire sample preparation device
1--Wire wheel; 2-Wire clamping column; 3-Wire blocking column; 4 Adjusting screw; 5-Wire pressing clamp: 6-Adjusting screw; 7-Wire; 8-Knife holder; 9-Fixed knife; 10 Movable knife; 11 Support plate, 12-Magnetic code disk, 13 Bracket; 14-Fixed screw; 15-Guide rail; 16-Wire hanging column; 17-Screw; 18-Handle; 19-Wire pressing screw; 20-Handle [6
GB/T 15077-94
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foil sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-die base 3-gasket; 4-unloading block; 5-punch; 6-die frame; 7-guide base; 8-pull rod; 9-bracket; 10-handle: 11-pressure hammer; 12 foil 567
13 Sample preparation and requirements
13.1 Sample
GB/T15077..94
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pipe sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-screw; 3-knife holder; 4-pipe; 5-clamp; 6-bracket; 7 handwheel 8-slider; 9-pressure block; 10 cutting 13.1.1 The sample should be truly representative, and the surface and appearance should meet the requirements of the corresponding material technical standards. 13.1.2 Before cutting the sample, the sample, sample preparation device and measuring instrument should be fully heated. 13.1.3 Before measuring, the sample should be cleaned with a mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:4) and fully dried. 13.2 Sample preparation
13.2.1 Wire sample, if the sample is cut by the sample preparation device shown in Figure 3, the sample should be placed on the hanging column (16) of the sample preparation device, so that the wire (7) passes through the wire blocking column (3), and then the wire is pressed with the upper screw (19) and allowed to hang freely on the wire seat. The code disk (12) is gently hung on the lower end of the wire, and the required tension code is added to straighten the wire. The tension should be controlled at 14-18N/mm2. The wire is pressed with the lower end screw (19), and the fixed length sample is cut through the upper and lower end handles. The sample mass should not be less than 5mg. If it is less than 5mg, multiple fixed length samples should be weighed together. 13.2.2 For foil samples, according to the size of the sample material, select dies of different diameters to cut the samples. The distance between the outer edge of the die and the edge of the sample should be greater than 5 mm.
If the sample preparation device shown in Figure 4 is used to cut the sample, place the foil flatly on the gasket (3), and press down the handle (10) to cut out the required circular sample piece. If the foil has poor flatness, a thin layer of grease or adhesive can be applied to the surface of the gasket to make the foil stick flatly on the gasket for cutting. 13.2.3 For pipe samples, if the sample preparation device shown in Figure 5 is used to cut the sample, first clamp the pipe in the clamp block (5) with a suitable groove, press and straighten the pipe with the screw (11), and place it in the sample preparation device. Slowly rotate the two hand wheels (7) to make the slide block (8) lightly press the pipe, then rotate the clamp block (5) continuously and continue to press the slide block on the pipe until the pipe is cut. The sample can also be cut using an instrument lathe, but the two end faces should be as parallel as possible.
14 Dimension measurement
GB/T 15077-94
14.1 Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be measured accurately to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of the outer diameter of the pipe: The measurement value should be measured accurately to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of the sample: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. During weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15 Expression of measurement results
15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimension values according to the measured results according to formulas (4), (5) and (6). 15.2 The effective figures of the calculation results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the mantissa shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" will be invalid.3 Tube sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting samples with a length of 10 ± 0.005 cm, as shown in Figure 5. 12.3 Round foil diameter (die diameter) measuring instrument: accuracy 0.01 mm. 12.4 Length measuring device: range 1000 mm, accuracy 0.05 mm. 12.5 Sample dryer, etc.
GB/T 15077--94
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wire sample preparation device
1--wire wheel; 2-wire clamping column; 3-wire blocking column; 4-adjusting screw; 5-wire pressing clamp; 6-adjusting screw; 7-wire; 8-knife holder; 9-fixed knife; 10 movable knife; 11 support plate, 12-magnetic code disk, 13 bracket; 14-fixing screw; 15-guide rail; 16-wire hanging column; 17-screw; 18-handle; 19-wire pressing screw; 20-handle [6
GB/T 15077-94
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foil sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-die base 3-gasket; 4-unloading block; 5-punch; 6-die frame; 7-guide base; 8-pull rod; 9-bracket; 10-handle: 11-pressure hammer; 12 foil 567
13 Sample preparation and requirements
13.1 Sample
GB/T15077..94
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pipe sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-screw; 3-knife holder; 4-pipe; 5-clamp; 6-bracket; 7 handwheel 8-slider; 9-pressure block; 10 cutting 13.1.1 The sample should be truly representative, and the surface and appearance should meet the requirements of the corresponding material technical standards. 13.1.2 Before cutting the sample, the sample, sample preparation device and measuring instrument should be fully heated. 13.1.3 Before measuring, the sample should be cleaned with a mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:4) and fully dried. 13.2 Sample preparation
13.2.1 Wire sample, if the sample is cut by the sample preparation device shown in Figure 3, the sample should be placed on the hanging column (16) of the sample preparation device, so that the wire (7) passes through the wire blocking column (3), and then the wire is pressed with the upper screw (19) and allowed to hang freely on the wire seat. The code disk (12) is gently hung on the lower end of the wire, and the required tension code is added to straighten the wire. The tension should be controlled at 14-18N/mm2. The wire is pressed with the lower end screw (19), and the fixed length sample is cut through the upper and lower end handles. The mass of the sample should not be less than 5mg. If it is less than 5mg, multiple fixed length samples should be weighed together. 13.2.2 For foil samples, according to the size of the sample material, select dies of different diameters to cut the samples. The distance between the outer edge of the die and the edge of the sample should be greater than 5 mm.
If the sample preparation device shown in Figure 4 is used to cut the sample, place the foil flatly on the gasket (3), and press down the handle (10) to cut out the required circular sample piece. If the foil has poor flatness, a thin layer of grease or adhesive can be applied to the surface of the gasket to make the foil stick flatly on the gasket for cutting. 13.2.3 For pipe samples, if the sample preparation device shown in Figure 5 is used to cut the sample, first clamp the pipe in the clamp block (5) with a suitable groove, press and straighten the pipe with the screw (11), and place it in the sample preparation device. Slowly rotate the two hand wheels (7) to make the slide block (8) lightly press the pipe, then rotate the clamp block (5) continuously and continue to press the slide block on the pipe until the pipe is cut. The sample can also be cut using an instrument lathe, but the two end faces should be as parallel as possible.
14 Dimension measurement
GB/T 15077-94
14.1 Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be measured accurately to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of the outer diameter of the pipe: The measurement value should be measured accurately to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of the sample: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. During weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15 Expression of measurement results
15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimension values according to the measured results according to formulas (4), (5) and (6). 15.2 The effective figures of the calculation results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the mantissa shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China National Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" will be invalid.3 Tube sample preparation device: a device capable of cutting samples with a length of 10 ± 0.005 cm, as shown in Figure 5. 12.3 Round foil diameter (die diameter) measuring instrument: accuracy 0.01 mm. 12.4 Length measuring device: range 1000 mm, accuracy 0.05 mm. 12.5 Sample dryer, etc.
GB/T 15077--94
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wire sample preparation device
1--wire wheel; 2-wire clamping column; 3-wire blocking column; 4-adjusting screw; 5-wire pressing clamp; 6-adjusting screw; 7-wire; 8-knife holder; 9-fixed knife; 10 movable knife; 11 support plate, 12-magnetic code disk, 13 bracket; 14-fixing screw; 15-guide rail; 16-wire hanging column; 17-screw; 18-handle; 19-wire pressing screw; 20-handle [6
GB/T 15077-94
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of foil sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-die base 3-gasket; 4-unloading block; 5-punch; 6-die frame; 7-guide base; 8-pull rod; 9-bracket; 10-handle: 11-pressure hammer; 12 foil 567
13 Sample preparation and requirements
13.1 Sample
GB/T15077..94
Figure 5 Schematic diagram of pipe sample preparation device
1-base plate; 2-screw; 3-knife holder; 4-pipe; 5-clamp; 6-bracket; 7 handwheel 8-slider; 9-pressure block; 10 cutting 13.1.1 The sample should be truly representative, and the surface and appearance should meet the requirements of the corresponding material technical standards. 13.1.2 Before cutting the sample, the sample, sample preparation device and measuring instrument should be fully heated. 13.1.3 Before measuring, the sample should be cleaned with a mixture of ethanol and acetone (1:4) and fully dried. 13.2 Sample preparation
13.2.1 Wire sample, if the sample is cut by the sample preparation device shown in Figure 3, the sample should be placed on the hanging column (16) of the sample preparation device, so that the wire (7) passes through the wire blocking column (3), and then the wire is pressed with the upper screw (19) and allowed to hang freely on the wire seat. The code disk (12) is gently hung on the lower end of the wire, and the required tension code is added to straighten the wire. The tension should be controlled at 14-18N/mm2. The wire is pressed with the lower end screw (19), and the fixed length sample is cut through the upper and lower end handles. The mass of the sample should not be less than 5mg. If it is less than 5mg, multiple fixed length samples should be weighed together. 13.2.2 For foil samples, according to the size of the sample material, select dies of different diameters to cut the samples. The distance between the outer edge of the die and the edge of the sample should be greater than 5 mm.
If the sample preparation device shown in Figure 4 is used to cut the sample, place the foil flatly on the gasket (3), and press down the handle (10) to cut out the required circular sample piece. If the foil has poor flatness, a thin layer of grease or adhesive can be applied to the surface of the gasket to make the foil stick flatly on the gasket for cutting. 13.2.3 For pipe samples, if the sample preparation device shown in Figure 5 is used to cut the sample, first clamp the pipe in the clamp block (5) with a suitable groove, press and straighten the pipe with the screw (11), and place it in the sample preparation device. Slowly rotate the two hand wheels (7) to make the slide block (8) lightly press the pipe, then rotate the clamp block (5) continuously and continue to press the slide block on the pipe until the pipe is cut. The sample can also be cut using an instrument lathe, but the two end faces should be as parallel as possible.
14 Dimension measurement
GB/T 15077-94
14.1 Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be measured accurately to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be measured accurately to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of the outer diameter of the pipe: The measurement value should be measured accurately to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of the sample: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. During weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: Carry out in accordance with the provisions of GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15 Expression of measurement results
15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimension values according to the measured results according to formulas (4), (5) and (6). 15.2 The effective figures of the calculated results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the mantissa shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard is proposed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard is drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" will be invalid.1. Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be accurate to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be accurate to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be accurate to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of pipe outer diameter: The measurement value should be accurate to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of samples: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. When weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: According to GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimensional values according to formulas (4), (5) and (6) respectively. 15.2 The effective figures of the calculated results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the decimals shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard was drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong, and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" shall be invalid.1. Measurement of sample preparation device dimensions: The distance between the two cutters of the wire sample preparation device should be accurate to 0.05mm; the diameter of the foil die should be accurate to 0.05mm; the distance between the two cutters of the pipe sample preparation device or the length of the machined sample should be accurate to 0.01mm. 14.2 Measurement of pipe outer diameter: The measurement value should be accurate to 0.001mm. 14.3 Weighing of samples: Weigh each sample twice and take the average value. When weighing, the sample shall not be used for direct contact. 14.4 Measurement of sample density: According to GB1423. 14.5 The measurement is required to be carried out in an environment of 20±5℃. 15.1 Calculate the corresponding dimensional values according to formulas (4), (5) and (6) respectively. 15.2 The effective figures of the calculated results shall be taken to the fourth decimal place, and the decimals shall be rounded off according to GB8170. 15.3 The maximum measurement error of wire diameter is ±1%; the maximum measurement error of foil thickness is ±0.9%; the maximum measurement error of fine tube aperture is ±0.0013d-2%; the maximum measurement error of tube wall thickness is ±0.0007H-1(1+d-1)%. 16
Test report
The test report shall include the following contents:
This standard number;
The number and characteristics of the sample;
Material brand, furnace number, batch number, specification, status; test results;
Situations that may affect the results that are not specified in the standard; measurement month, measurer, and reviewer.
Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard was drafted by Kunming Precious Metals Research Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Liu Xiuqing, Deng Shilong, and Li Wei. From the date of implementation of this standard, the former Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China Standard YB931-78 "Methods for measuring geometric dimensions of precious metals and their alloys" shall be invalid.
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