GB/T 29881-2013 Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles classification test method aquatic toxicity test GB/T29881-2013 |tt||Standard compression package decompression password: www.bzxz.net ||
tt|| This standard specifies the description, concept and weight of evidence of aquatic toxicity test for the classification method of miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles in the transport of dangerous goods. This standard is applicable to the classification of miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles.
class="f14" style="padding-top:10px; padding-left:12px; padding-bottom:10px;"> This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009.
This standard is basically consistent with the contents of A9.3.1 to A9.3.4 of Annex A9.3 "Guide to Aquatic Toxicity of Hazards to the Aquatic Environment" of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (Revised 3).
Compared with the relevant contents of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, this standard has the following differences:
———The test method in Chapter 4 directly adopts the national standard of China, and deletes the optional American standard;
———The measurement unit is changed to the legal measurement unit;
———The preface is added;
———The "A9.3.1 Introduction" section of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (Revised 3) is used as the introduction.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Hazardous Chemicals Management (SAC/TC251).
The drafting units of this standard: Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center of Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Jiangnan University, Chemical Registration Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection. The
drafters of this standard: Wang Libing, Liu Chunxin, Zhang Yuan, Wang Hua, Li Xueyang, Zhou Lei, Zhao Zhuo, Huang Xing, Gao Guihua, Yin Yadan, Yu Lina.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For all dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For all undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T21281 Test method for classification of acute toxicity of hazardous chemicals to fish
GB/T21805 Algae growth inhibition test for chemicals
GB/T21828 Daphnia pulex reproduction test for chemicals
GB/T21830 Daphnia pulex acute activity inhibition test for chemicals
GB/T21854 Toxicity test for early life stages of chemicals in fish
US EPA 850.4400 Toxicity of aquatic plants, duckweed [USEPA OPPTS850.4400 Acute Toxicity of {TAI or EUP} to Aquatic Vascular Plants]
United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (Third Revised Edition)

ICS13.300
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T29881—2013
Test method for classification of hazardous materials-Hydrobiologytoxicitytest
Published on November 12, 2013
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Administration of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on May 1, 2014
This standard is in accordance with the specifications given in GB/T1.12009. 29881—2013
This standard is basically consistent with the contents of A9.3.1-A5.3.1 of Annex A9, 3 Aquatic Environmental Model Guidance on Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms of the first revised edition of the United Nations Global Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals: Compared with the standards in the United Nations Global Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, this standard has the following differences: Chapter 4 Test methods directly adopt the national standards of the United States. The applicable American standards are deleted: ... The measurement units are changed to legal measurement units
The front part is added:
The global enjoyment product unified classification and labeling system (the third revised edition) of "AS.3, the introduction of Ji\ part as the introduction, this standard is proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Hazardous Chemicals Management (5ACT251), and the drafting units of this standard are: Husheng Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Tianjin Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Nanning University, Chemical Registration Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection,
This standard is drafted by: Tuli Le, Liu Chunxin, Zhang Yuan, Shi Hua, Li Xueyang, Zhou Sen, Huang Xing, Gao Guihua, Gu Yasheng, Yu Lishuo, GB/T 29881—2013
Biological toxicity of a substance The identification of the hazard of this substance to the aquatic environment is based on the existing toxicity data for species and/or aquatic organisms. These species are generally considered representative of the hazards in aquatic animals and horizontal mammals. The data for some specific species may be more likely to be lost because they are more commonly subject to regulatory agencies and the chemical industry. Other information on the degradation and degradation behavior of a substance can help to better describe the environmental hazards of aquatic organisms: H
1 Scope
Classification of miscellaneous hazardous substances and articles Test methods Aquatic toxicity tests
GB/T 29881—2013
This standard specifies the description, concept and evidence of aquatic toxicity tests for the classification of miscellaneous dangerous goods and articles in the transport of dangerous goods.
This standard is used for the classification of miscellaneous dangerous goods and articles. 2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, the version with the date of the date applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies. GB/T 21281 Test method for classification of hazardous chemicals for fish toxicity GB/T 21805 Test for growth inhibition of chemicals GB/T 21828 Test for large-scale aquaculture of chemicals GB/T 21830 Test for acute activity inhibition of chemicals GB/T 2184 Test for early life stage toxicity of chemicals USP 850.140 Toxicity of aquatic plants - USP 1TSB50.44c0 AcuLe Toxicity of 1TAlor F UPi to Aguati: Veacular Plants (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, third edition) 3 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply as follows:
The dose that causes % (number of deaths) of a group of test organisms 3.2
The concentration that causes (half) death of a test organism. 3.3
The concentration that causes an observed effect in a group of test organisms. 3.4
The absence of an observed effect in a test organism. 3.5
LCs/ECa.
GB/T 298812013
NoFCno observableeffectconcentrationNo observableeffectiveconcentration.
QsaR quantitative structure-activity relationship type structure - verbal property.
4 Test instructions
4.1 When classifying substances, the number of water-related hazards can be considered as equally valid. However, substances of this type, such as ionizable organic chemicals or organometallics, may exhibit different properties in water and seawater. Since the purpose of classification is to determine the hazardous properties in the aquatic environment, the results that best represent the hazards should be selected. 4.2 The criteria for determining health and environmental hazards allow the use of different methods. These methods should be based on the current system and international procedures for indicators of concern to the public, and should be scientifically sound and valid and can be recognized by the user. 4.2.1 Acute toxicity is determined by the following method: 10% (96h) of the classifier CR3/T212811, E0% of shellfish 1E1 (GB/T21830 or equivalent test) and/or EC5m of 72h or 96h (GB/T21805 or equivalent guidelines): This biological range is considered to be representative of all aquatic organisms. If the cumulative test method is general, data on other species, such as phytoplankton, can be considered. 4.2.2 Persistence tests Chronic tests can be used to evaluate certain indicators related to growth, survival, reproduction and development. 4.2.2.1 Chronic persistence can be based on data from GB/T21854, GB/T21830 or GB/T21828 and GB/T21805. Other valid and internationally recognized tests may also be used. NOECs or their equivalent should be used. (E)C.: 4.2.2.2 There is an OECD standard for describing the main statistical methods for ecological test data at standard temperatures (OECD 2006). 4.3 For test methods for fish, crustaceans and mammals, there are many acceptable methods (including OECD chemical test guidelines, US EPA test guidelines, US Committee on Testing and Materials test guidelines, ISO test standards, European test guidelines and Chinese national standards, etc.). For example, the monograph on aquatic toxicity of industrial chemicals and pesticides in China and the United States provides many appropriate test methods.
4.4 Light test
4.4.1 Acute
Acute test The test time for acute events is 96h for fish with a mass of 0.15. The double indicator of these tests is the mortality rate. The data obtained from tests in accordance with GB/21281 or equivalent guidelines are used for classification. 4.4.2 Chronic or long-term tests on fish can be carried out from fertilized eggs, fetuses, and young fish with cumulative reproductive activity. Tests in accordance with GB/21854 or equivalent guidelines can be used for classification. The test time can be as follows: The test method varies widely (from 1-200 hours): the endpoints may include hatching success rate, growth (length and mass change), birth success rate and survival rate. 4.5 Tests on Crustaceans
4.5.1 Acute tests
Acute tests using crustaceans usually start with the first instar juveniles: for clams the test duration is 1 hour, for other crustaceans, such as shrimp or other animals, the typical test duration is 95 hours, and the endpoint mortality is observed, or immobility is used as a surrogate for mortality. Tests in accordance with GB/T 21830 or other equivalent guidelines can be used for classification. 4.5.2 Chronic tests
Chronic tests on shellfish are also suitable for starting with the first instar juveniles, and then through the developmental and reproductive stages. For clams, 21 hours can be used to reach maturity and float 3 times: for shrimp, 28 hours is required. The observation endpoints include the time between the first and second production, the number of offspring produced per shoe, growth and survival, and the test using B/T2182% thermal equivalents is classified.
4.6 Algae/Plant Test
4.6.1 Classification Test
GB/T29881—2013
4.6.1.1. The species are cultured in a culture medium and are suitable for the test substance. Tests consistent with G13/T2185 should be used. The density of cells in the inoculated test piece should be used to ensure that the exponential growth rate is 3 throughout the test period. 4.6.1.2 The toxicity test is a short-term test. In comparative studies, the selected observation endpoint is the inhibition of the growth rate of the species. 4.6.2 Aquatic plant test
The vascular plants commonly used in aquatic biotoxicity tests are duckweed (Leib and Emaminr). The floating test is: pre-term test: can provide acute and chronic endpoints: the test time is up to 11, and can be carried out in a nutrient-rich matrix similar to that experienced in the ten-type test, but the intensity can be increased. A test that complies with US EPA 55.4100 Aquatic Toxicity (recommended) should be used. 5.1 Acute toxicity 5.1.1 Acute toxicity is a property of a substance that will produce harmful effects on animals of the longest duration. Acute toxicity is the minimum lethal concentration (C) that produces a measurable harmful effect (such as cardiac activity inhibition) in the treated organisms at 50 °C. This refers to the reaction (such as growth rate) of the test organisms (treated) being % lower than that of the control organisms (untreated). 5.1.2 Substances with an acute toxicity of less than 1 mg/1.(1 P[m2]) are generally considered to have a high risk of exposure to these substances or their release into the surrounding environment, and are therefore very dangerous to humans: they can be classified as chronic and/or acute 1. Acute toxicity values ​​above this category are classified in multiples of ten: substances with measured acute toxicity values ​​between 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L (1 ppm to 10 ppm) are classified as acute toxicity category 2; substances with acute toxicity values ​​between 10 mg/1 and 100 ppm (10 ppm to 100 ppm) are classified as acute toxicity category 3; substances with acute toxicity values ​​below 100 mg/L (above 100 ppm) are considered to be practically non-toxic substances: 5.2 Chronic toxicity || tt || 5.2.1 Chronic toxicity used for classification refers to the effect of a substance on living organisms during an exposure period determined relative to the life cycle of the substance. The chronic effects produced are of qualitative nature and usually include a series of sub-integrity indicators, usually expressed as no observable effect concentration (NOEC), or the corresponding EC meter. Typical observation indicators include survival, growth and/or colonization. The chronic toxicity records vary greatly depending on the test endpoints and the test species used. 5.2.2 The classification of chronic toxicity of rapidly degradable and non-rapidly degradable substances is different. Rapidly degradable substances are classified as chronic category 1 when the chronic toxicity test is 0.011g/1. For this type of chronic toxicity, the results are classified in multiples of ten: Rapidly degradable substances with chronic toxicity between 0.01n/1--0.1m/. are classified as chronic toxicity category 2: those between 0.1g/L and 1.0mg/1 are classified as chronic toxicity category 3: those above 10mg/L are considered basically non-toxic. Substances that are not rapidly degradable or have no rapid degradation information can be classified into two chronic categories: those with chronic toxicity less than or equal to 0mR/1. are classified as chronic category 1: those with chronic toxicity between 0.11g/1.-1.01 are classified as chronic category 2.
5.2.3 Since the data on chronic toxicity are usually less than those on acute toxicity, in the classification plan, the data on chronic toxicity are not included in the classification plan. Chronic toxicity data may be provided for bioremediation, in which case the potential for chronicity may be determined by a combination of acute toxicity, nondegradability and/or potential for accumulation, however, where available, these should be used rather than a combination of toxicity, risk factors and risk factors. The following approach should be used: (a) If adequate chronic toxicity data are available for all three trophic levels, then this can be used directly to derive the chronic hazard classification; (b) If adequate chronic toxicity data are available for one or two trophic levels, the acute and non-bioremediation data for the other trophic levels should be examined. Compare the results of chronic classification using chronic toxicity data and classification using acute toxicity data from other trophic levels, and report the most severe result for final classification:
GB/T 29881—2013
) If chronic toxicity data are used to cancel or downgrade the classification, the classification based on acute activity combined with degradability and/or sodium accumulation can be justified, and the scores based on acute activity combined with degradability and/or sodium accumulation can be eliminated to reduce the concern for all inputs: This can be achieved by using the long-term OEC of the most sensitive species confirmed by the acute activity. Therefore, if classification has been made based on the acute LC, it is usually not possible to use the long-term OEC of non-sensitive animal tests to cancel or downgrade this classification. In this case, N can be obtained from a long-term test of fish from the same sensitive species without any modification. Alternatively, if the classification is made based on acute toxicity data from more than one species, it may be necessary to make a comparison for each species! When classifying a substance as Class 4, sufficient evidence should be provided to demonstrate that the content of each type of VEC or E: is greater than 1 g/mL or that the substance is solubilized in water.
5.2.4 The Class 4/Duckweed test cannot be used to minimize or reduce the concentration of VEC or E: because: 1) the Class 4/Duckweed test is not a study of long-term hazards; 2) the ratio of acute toxicity to chronic toxicity is narrow and 3) the endpoint indication is more suitable for other biological toxicity endpoints. 5.3 Product approach bZxz.net
In acute and chronic tests, tests are conducted in wash water and seawater media: the following 4 conditions are used: static, controlled (semi-controlled), circulating and flow-through. The choice of test type will usually depend on the characteristics of the test substance, the duration of the test, the test implementation and management requirements.
5.4 Test matrix for algae
Most tests are conducted in nutrient-rich matrices. The use of other integrators such as EDT should be carefully considered. When testing the reliability of organic chemicals, the presence of micronutrients in the matrix is ​​required: if not present, the growth of the organism may be significantly slowed, thus affecting the validity of the test. However, the presence of free chelators may reduce the toxicity detected in the test: therefore, for compounds with high chelator concentrations and/or data from tests with excessive chelator chemistries compared to the chemistries should be carefully evaluated, as free chelators may mask the toxicity of the chelator, especially when strong chelators such as chelator A are used. Of course, if no chelator is available in the matrix, the growth of chelators with high chelator concentrations should be treated with caution - hence - the absence or less error of the test data above 1A should also be treated with caution. 5,5 Use of QSA
For classification purposes, in the absence of test data, QSA scales can be used to measure the acute toxicity of non-electrolytes, non-electrophiles and other non-reactive substances to fish, mammals and fish. However, there are still problems with the application of organic alkali metals, which work by a specific mechanism such as reacting with bioreceptors and forming hydrogen bonds with cellular proteins. For chemicals that work by a non-cannabinoid mechanism, acceptable QSARs have been obtained. These chemicals have low affinity for non-electrolytes, such as pseudoelectrolytes, alcohols, and some lipids. The bioavailability of these chemicals is related to their partition coefficient. All organic chemicals can produce non-cannabinoids. However, if the chemical forms an electrolyte or has a persistent self-reactivity that can cause non-cannabinoids, any toxicity calculation based on the partition coefficient will have a serious low toxicity. If the time required for the onset of effects of metabolites or degradation products is longer than that of acute toxicity tests, then the QSAR data for the bioavailability of the parent compound cannot be used to predict these effects. 6 Weight of evidence
6.1 The best available data should be used as the technical basis for classification. Classification is best based on primary data sources1. It is important to specify the test conditions for the complete cell description.
6.2 If there are multiple studies on a taxonomic group, it is possible to determine which are the most sensitive and of the best quality. A detailed analysis should be conducted to determine whether the observations from more sensitive non-good laboratory studies should be substituted for the results from good laboratory studies. High toxicity results obtained from tests conducted according to non-standard or non-good laboratory guidelines can be used for classification. However, if the test results indicate no toxicity, more careful consideration is required. Substances that are difficult to test may produce results that are higher or lower than the actual toxicity. In these cases, classification also requires expert judgment
6.3 When there are multiple acceptable test results for the same taxonomic group, the most sensitive test result with the lowest L(E)C or NOEC should be used for classification. However, this should be treated on a case-by-case basis. In the case of a large data set (4 or more values) for the same species, the geometric mean of the toxicity values ​​can be used as a representative toxicity value for the species. When estimating the mean, the test results of different species in the same taxonomic group, or different life stages, or under different test conditions or test periods should not be considered together. GB/T29881-2013
Print Issue: 2011 19HFC09A
City Bureau of the People's Republic of China
National Standard
Miscellaneous Hazardous Substances and Articles Classification Test Method Aquatic Toxicity Test
GB/T 29881-2013
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