GB/T 39599-2020.Low impact development stormwater management and harvest-Basic terminology.
1范围
GB/T 39599界定了低影响开发雨水控制利用实践中的基本术语、设施术语和技术术语。
GB/T 39599适用于低影响开发雨水控制利用系统设计、规划、建设、维护与管理和评价。
2基本术语
2.1
低影响开发 low impact development;LID
强调城镇开发应减少对环境影响的冲击,其核心是基于源头控制和降低冲击负荷的理念,构建与自然相适应的排水工程，合理利用空间和采取相应措施对暴雨径流进行控制,减少城镇径流污染(2.5)。
注:改写GB 50014-2006(2016年版),定义2.1.8B。
2.2
海绵城市 sponge city
通过城市规划、建设的管控,从“源头减排、过程控制、系统治理”着手,综合采用“渗、滯、蓄、净、用、排”等技术措施,统筹协调水量与水质、生态与安全、分布与集中、绿色与灰色、景观与功能、岸上与岸下、地上与地下等关系,有效控制城市降雨径流(4.2.1),最大限度地减少城市开发建设行为对原有自然水文特征和水生态环境造成的破坏，使城市能够像“海绵”一样，在适应环境变化、抵御自然灾害等方面具有良好的“弹性”,实现自然积存、自然渗透、自然净化的城市发展方式,有利于达到修复城市水生态、涵养城市水资源、改善城市水环境、保障城市水安全、复兴城市水文化的多重目标。
[GB/T 51345-2018,定义2.1.1]
2.3
海绵效应 sponge effect
海绵城市(2.2)建设实现的自然水文特征维系和修复效果。
[GB/T 51345-2018,定义2.1.3]
2.4
城市水体 urban water body
城市规划区内的河流、湖泊、湿地、坑塘等自然或人工水体。
[GB/T 51345-2018,定义2.1.9]
本标准界定了低影响开发雨水控制利用实践中的基本术语、设施术语和技术术语。 本标准适用于低影响开发雨水控制利用系统设计、规划、建设、维护与管理和评价。

ICS01.040.01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T39599—2020
Low impact development stormwater management and utilization
Basic terms
Low impact development stormwater management and utilization harvest-Basicterminology
2020-12-14Issued
State Administration for Market Regulation
National Standardization Administration
Issued
2020-12-14Implementation
Foreword
Scope
Basic terms
Facility terms
4 Technical terms
References
Index
GB/T39599—2020
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T1.1-2009. This standard was proposed and managed by the China National Institute of Standardization. GB/T39599—2020
The drafting units of this standard are: Qingdao Standardization Research Institute, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing University of Civil Engineering, Qingdao International Economic Cooperation Zone (Sino-German Ecological Park) Management Committee, Fuzhou Leyi Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao Institute of Technology and Standards, Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Xu Jing, Yun Zhenyu, Li Junqi, Sheng Tiantian, Hu Liangbing, Zhang Wei, Tan Qiqi, Wang Weiqun, Qiao Yinhuan, Cui Qinghui, Li Mengjie, Zhao Dan, Han Zhe, Wu Meiqiang, Zhou Jianbin, Bi Xuejun, Zhao Fei, Huang Peizhao, Jin Xiaoshi, You Shenghua. m
1 Scope
Rainwater control and utilization in low-impact development
Basic terms
GB/T39599—2020
This standard defines the basic terms, facility terms and technical terms in the practice of rainwater control and utilization in low-impact development. This standard applies to the design, planning, construction, maintenance, management and evaluation of low impact development rainwater control and utilization systems. Basic term
Low impact development lowimpactdevelopment; LID emphasizes that urban development should reduce the impact on the environment. Its core is to build drainage projects that are compatible with nature based on the concept of source control and reducing impact loads, reasonably use space and take corresponding measures to control storm runoff and reduce urban runoff pollution (2.5). Note: Rewrite GB50014-2006 (2016 edition) definition 2.1.8B2.2
sponge city
sponge city
Through the management and control of urban planning and construction, starting from "source reduction, process control, and system governance", comprehensively adopting technical measures such as "infiltration, retention, storage, purification, use, and discharge", coordinating the relationship between water quantity and water quality, ecology and safety, distribution and concentration, green and gray, landscape and function, onshore and offshore, aboveground and underground, effectively controlling urban rainfall runoff (4.2.1), minimizing the damage caused by urban development and construction to the original natural hydrological characteristics and water ecological environment, so that the city can be like a "sponge", with good "elasticity" in adapting to environmental changes and resisting natural disasters, and realizing an urban development mode of natural accumulation, natural infiltration, and natural purification, which is conducive to repairing urban water ecology, conserving urban water resources, and improving Multiple goals of urban water environment, ensuring urban water safety, and reviving urban water culture『GB/T513452018.Definition 2.1.1
Sponge effectsponge effect
The maintenance and restoration effect of natural hydrological characteristics achieved by the construction of sponge cities (2.2) [GB/T51345-2018.Definition 2.1.3]］2.4
Urban water body
Urban water body
Natural or artificial water bodies such as rivers, lakes, wetlands, ponds, etc. within the urban planning area [GB/T51345-2018, definition 2.1.9]2.5
Runoff pollution
Runoff pollution
The phenomenon of pollutants in the atmosphere and the surface being brought into the receiving water body through rainfall and surface runoff, causing the receiving water body to be polluted, is the main source of urban non-point source pollution.
Runoff source control system
Runoff source control system
Before the rainwater is discharged into the municipal drainage pipe system, the control system is adopted to control the generation of rainwater runoff, reduce the pollution of rainwater runoff (2.5), collect and utilize rainwater, and reduce the peak flow. GB/T39599—2020
Stormwater control and utilization Stormwater management and harvest is a general term for reducing the total amount and peak value of runoff in urban areas and reducing runoff pollution (2.5) and collecting and reusing rainwater. Note 1: Including rainwater infiltration, collection and reuse, storage, interception and purification, and transfer. Note 2: Rewrite GB50400—2016. Definition 2.1.12.8
Stormwater infiltration and retention Stormwater infiltration
A general term for rainwater infiltration (2.9) and rainwater retention (2.10). 2.9
stormwater infiltration
Stormwater infiltration
The use of artificial or natural facilities to allow rainwater to infiltrate below the soil surface to replenish groundwater. 2.10
stormwater retention
Stormwater retention
The process of storing rainwater for infiltration, evaporation and transpiration. 2.11
Stormwater harvesting and utilization
Stormwater harvesting and utilization The process of using a certain rainwater collection surface to collect precipitation as a water source, and after appropriate treatment to meet certain water quality requirements, it is used through pipeline transportation or on-site use.
2.12
Stormwater detention and storage
General term for rainwater regulation (2.13) and rainwater storage (2.14) Note: Rewrite GB51174-2017, definition 2.1.1. 2.13
stormwater detention
Stormwater regulation
Stormwater regulation is the temporary storage of a certain amount of rainwater during rainfall to reduce the peak flow of rainwater discharged to the downstream, extend the discharge time, and achieve the purpose of reducing the peak flow.
2.14
stormwater storage
Stormwater storage
Stormwater runoff is the storage, detention, sedimentation, infiltration or filtration of runoff rainwater to control the total amount and peak value of runoff, and achieve the purpose of runoff pollution control and recycling.
2.15
stormwater interception and purification
Use appropriate methods to purify rainwater, reduce the total amount of pollutants carried in the converged rainwater discharged into subsequent facilities or the environment, and alleviate the adverse effects of runoff pollution (2.5) on the environment. 2.16
stormwater transfer
The process of transferring and transporting rainwater.
Note: It is mainly used to connect various rainwater collection and utilization technologies, and can also be used as a connection technology between various rainwater collection and utilization technologies and traditional municipal drainage facilities, flood control facilities, etc.
2.17
underlying surface
underlying surface
The general term for the surface receiving rainfall.
Note 1: Including roofs, ground, water surface, etc. Note 2: Rewrite GB/T50400—2016. Definition 2.1.4. 2.18
detention and retarding basin GB/T39599—2020
Low-lying areas and lakes outside the back surface of river embankments, including diversion outlets, for temporary storage of floodwater or diversion of flood peaks. [GB50773-2012, definition 2.0.1]
2.19
non-traditional water source
non-traditionalwatersource
Water source different from traditional surface water supply and groundwater supply. Note: including recycled water, rainwater, seawater, etc. 2.20
Green facilities
greeninfrastructure
Facilities that use natural or artificial simulated natural ecosystems to control urban rainfall runoff (4.2.1). [GB/T51345—2018, definition 2.1.6] 2.21
Gray facilities
grayinfrastructure
Traditional high energy consumption engineering drainage facilities. [GB/T51345—2018. definition 2.1.7]
3 Facility terms
Detention and retention facilities Facilities that store rainwater runoff and infiltrate it. 3.1.1
Permeable pavement
permeable pavement
Ground with a certain infiltration capacity and paved with permeable materials or permeable structures. 3.1.1.1
permeable brick pavement
permeable brick pavement
a road surface with a certain thickness, porosity and layered structure and permeable bricks as the surface layer. 3.1.1.2
permeable concrete pavement
permeable cement concrete pavement
a type of concrete pavement made of cement concrete with large voids as the pavement structure layer, allowing surface water to enter the pavement (or roadbed).
3.1.1.3
permeable asphalt concrete pavement
permeable asphalt pavement
a type of concrete pavement made of asphalt mixture with large porosity as the pavement structure layer, allowing surface water to enter the pavement (or roadbed).
3.1.1.4
structuralpermeablepavement
structuralpermeablepavement
pavement that uses the gaps between the bricks or components or its own structure to achieve permeability when the bricks or components themselves do not have permeability.
3.1.1.5
grass plantingpermeable pavement
pavement made of bricks and hollow blocks that can green the road surface and ground engineering, or pavement with gaps between blocks for planting grass3
GB/T39599—2020
pavement.
3.1.2
bioretentionsystem;bioretentioncellA facility that uses plants, soil and microbial systems to retain, infiltrate and purify runoff rainwater. [GB50400—2016, definition 2.1.23] 3.1.2.1
Bioretention area
It has the function of retaining and purifying runoff rainwater. It looks similar to ordinary green belts. It is mainly used for bioretention facilities for treating road runoff (3.1.2)
Note: It can replace the green belts in parking lots, roads and highways to achieve the multiple purposes of purifying, conveying road runoff and creating landscape. 3.1.2.2
Rainggardens
Naturally formed or artificially excavated shallow green spaces are used to collect and absorb rainwater from roofs or the ground. It is an ecologically sustainable stormwater control and rainwater utilization facility.
3.1.2.3
Ecological tree pool
ecologicaltreepool
In the range of the tree pool, ecological measures such as special filter materials and structures are adopted to control rainfall runoff (4.2.1) and pollutants.
3.1.2.4
High level parterre
Based on the improvement of soil infiltration system, it is artificially built, and the outlet is at a certain vertical distance from the water collection surface. Rainwater enters from the high-level water inlet, and passes through the filling matrix downward under the action of potential energy difference. The water quality is purified through the adsorption and interception of the matrix and the action of microorganisms, and finally flows out from the low-level outlet. It can purify and collect rainfall runoff (4.2.1) and has the function of beautifying the environment. 3.1.3
subsidedgreenspace
sunkengreenbelt
sunkengreenbelt
sunkengreenbelt
a green space that is lower than the surrounding catchment ground or road and can be used for infiltration, retention and purification of rainwater runoff. Note: Rewrite GB51222—2017.Definition 2.1.18. 3.1.4
greenroof
greenroof
plantedroof
a facility for collecting and utilizing rainwater and reducing the source of rainwater runoff by laying a planting layer on the roof of a building and planting plants. Note: Rewrite GB51222—2017.Definition 2.1.16. 3.1.4.1
simplegreenroof
extensivegreenroof
a roof or underground building roof planted only with ground cover plants and low shrubs. Note: Rewrite JGJ155—2013.Definition 2.0.33.1.4.2
Intensive green roofIntensive green roofA roof or underground building top plate with trees, shrubs and ground cover plants, and with recreational facilities such as paths and benches. Note: Rewrite JGJ155—2013.Definition 2.0.4.3.1.5
Infiltration pond
infiltration basin
A retention pond (pond) where rainwater seeps through the side walls or the bottom of the pond.4
3.1.6
Infiltration well
A facility where rainwater seeps through the side walls and the bottom of the well. Note: Rewrite GB50400—2016. Definition 2.1.13 3.2
harvesting and utilization facilities
Facilities for collecting, storing and regulating precipitation 3.2.1
reservoir
Harvesting and utilization facilities with rainwater storage and peak flow reduction functions (3.2). 3.2.2
rainwater harvesting tanks
Rainwater tanks
Rainwater barrels
Simple rainwater harvesting and utilization facilities (2.11) above or below ground, closed. 3.3
detentionand storagefacilitiesGB/T39599—2020
Facilities that store rainwater for a certain period of time, reduce the peak runoff of rainwater discharged downstream and extend the discharge time3.3.1
Regulatingpond
regulatingpond
Dry pond
Rainwater regulation (2.13) facilities with the function of reducing peak flow, consisting of an inlet, a regulation area, outlet facilities, slope protection and embankments. 3.3.2
Wetpond
wetpond
A water body with rainwater regulation (2.12), rainwater purification and landscaping functions, with a stable water source guarantee, maintaining a certain operating water level, and using rainwater as the main source of water replenishment
Note: Rewritten from GB50400-2016, definition 2.1.21. 3.3.3
regulatingpool
Regulating pool
Regulating facility for regulating the peak flow of rainwater pipes and channels. 3.3.4
combined sewer overflow detention and storage tank A regulation facility used to collect part of the combined sewer overflow stormwater and sewage during rainfall to increase the interception multiple of the combined sewer system. 3.3.5
multi-purpose detention and storage facilities have the functions of regulating (2.13) and storing rainwater. They are combined with green spaces, squares and other spaces. They play the normal landscape and leisure and entertainment functions in normal times, and play the regulation and storage function when heavy rains cause water accumulation. Note: Rewrite GB51174-2017, definition 2.1.3. 3.4
Interception and purification facilities
Interception and purification facilities Facilities that purify rainwater and reduce pollutants in the runoff rainwater. 3.4.1
Artificial soil infiltration
:artificial soil infiltration A system or facility that artificially constructs soil with a certain permeability and density, and can reach the maximum water holding capacity, non-capillary porosity, total porosity, water holding capacity5
GB/T39599—2020
infiltration capacity. bzxZ.net
3.4.2
Vegetative filter strips Vegetative filter strips Vegetative areas with gentle slopes can promote rainwater infiltration, slow down the velocity of surface runoff, and remove some pollutants in the runoff by using vegetation interception and soil infiltration.
3.4.3
Ecological revetment ecological revetment
Through various measures, the water and land ecological structure is rebuilt or restored to a natural river bank or an artificial revetment with the "permeability" of a natural river bank and the function of intercepting and purifying pollution.
3.4.3.1
Natural slope revetment natural slope revetment An ecological revetment constructed by using the original ecological revetment treatment method, located between water and land, with unclear boundaries and suitable for the growth of aquatic organisms (3.4.3).
3.4.3.2
Pile revetment
An ecological revetment made by cutting the trunks of felled trees or suitable thick branches into piles of specified length (3.4.3). 3.4.3.3
Crock revetment
An ecological revetment built by piling up gabions for riverbank protection (3.4.3). 3.4.3.4
Chaingrass-plantingbrick revetment
Chaingrass-plantingbrick revetmentAn ecological revetment built by using grass-planting bricks with interlocking block design as riverbank slope protection materials (3.4.3). 3.4.3.5
Stone revetment
Build a hard revetment with different heights and sharp corners by stacking Taihu stones, bluestone, yellow stone and other stones of various shapes; or use cement, fiberglass, organic resin and other materials, and adopt modern construction technology to create a rock landscape with various shapes and rich forms on the river bank slope. 3.4.3.6
Eco-block revetmentEco-block revetment is an ecological revetment built with eco-blocks made of solid materials such as tunnel waste, tailings, and stone chips (3.4.3). 3.4.4
Stormwater wetland
Stormwater wetland
A wetland system that precipitates, filters, purifies and regulates rainwater, and has ecological landscape functions at the same time, achieving the goal of purifying rainwater through the combined action of physics, plants and microorganisms.
3.4.5
Grit chamber
gritchamber; detritustank
A structure for removing large-sized sand or particles that have a large self-weight and can settle naturally in the water [GB50125—2010. Definition 3.2.71]
3.4.5.1
Vortex-type flow grit chamber A grit chamber that separates sand particles by centrifugal force formed by the incoming water (3.4.5). [GB50125—2010, Definition 3.2.74]
3.4.5.2
horizontal flow grit chamber A grit chamber that separates sand particles by sewage flowing horizontally (3.4.5). [GB50125—2010. Definition 3.2.72]
transfer facilities
Transfer facilities
Facilities for transferring and conveying rainwater.
3.5.1
Grass swale
Grass swale
Open channel with vegetation on the surface used to collect, convey, reduce and purify rainwater runoff. GB512222017. Definition 2.1.15
3.5.1.1
conveyance dry grass swale
Transfer dry grass swale
Open shallow vegetated ditch, mainly used to collect and convey rainwater runoff. 3.5.1.2
permeabledrygrassswale
permeabledrygrassswale
GB/T39599—2020
An open, vegetated water transport channel, which includes a filter layer composed of artificially modified soil and an underground drainage system laid at the bottom of the filter layer. The design enhances the transmission, filtration, infiltration and retention capacity of rainwater, thereby ensuring that rainwater is drained from the ditch within the water retention time.
3.5.1.3
wetgrassswale
wetgrassswale
ditch-type grass-planted ditch that remains wet for a long time (3.5.1). 3.5.2
infiltrationpipe
infiltrationpipe
rainwater pipe with infiltration function, which infiltrates rainwater into the ground in an organized manner. 3.5.3
infiltration canal
Infiltration canal
Stormwater canal filled with permeable media and having both infiltration and drainage functions. Technical terms
4.1 Basic technical terms for rainfall
4.1.1
Precipitation
The thickness of liquid (rainfall) or solid (snowfall) (after melting) precipitation falling from the sky to the ground in a certain period of time, which accumulates on the horizontal surface without evaporation, infiltration or loss.
Note 1: The unit is millimeter (mm).
Note 2: Rewrite GB/T28592—2012. Definition 2.1. 4.1.2
recurrence interval
Recurrence period
Within a certain statistical period, the average interval time t equal to or greater than the occurrence of a statistical object once
GB/T39599—2020
[GB50014—2006 (2016 edition), definition 2.1.184.1.3
Rainfall duration
duration of rainfall
Any continuous period in the rainfall process.
［GB50015—2003. Definition 2.1.68]
4.1.4
Design rainfall depth is the rainfall control value for achieving the annual runoff volume control rate (4.2.3) and is used to determine the design scale of low-impact development (2.1) facilities. Note: It is usually expressed in daily rainfall (mm). 4.1.5
Utilization ratio of storm water resources The ratio of the total amount of rainwater collected and purified for road irrigation, garden and green space irrigation, municipal miscellaneous uses, industrial and agricultural production, cooling, landscape, river replenishment, etc. (calculated on an annual basis) to the annual rainfall (converted into cubic meters) 2 Technical terms for runoff
4.2.1
rainfall runoff
Rainfall runoff
The general term for the flow of rainwater that falls to the ground and flows from the ground and underground to the pipes and canals to the receiving water bodies, including surface runoff and underground runoff, etc.
4.2.2
initial runoff
Rainfall runoff of a certain thickness is generated at the beginning of a rainfall (4.2.1). [GB50400—2016, definition 2.1.8]
4.2.3
Annual runoff volume capture ratio of annual rainfall The ratio of the controlled annual average rainfall to the total annual average rainfall is obtained by controlling the rainfall runoff (4.2.1) of the urban construction underlying surface (2.17) through natural and artificial enhanced infiltration, storage, purification, etc. [GB/T51345—2018. Definition 2.1.2
4.2.4
Stormwater infiltration and retention volume for runoff volume control The amount of rainwater that needs to be infiltrated and retained to meet the total runoff control target of low impact development (2.1). 4.2.5
Stormwater detention volume for peak flow control The amount of rainwater that needs to be retained to meet the peak flow control target of low impact development (2.1). 4.2.6
Volume of LID facilities for catchment runoff control The effective storage volume (excluding rainwater regulation volume) of the required storage facilities (3.3) per unit catchment area (4.2.7) when the total amount of rainfall runoff (4.2.1) is controlled is taken as the target.
4.2.7
Catchment area
The area where the rainwater pipes and canals collect rainfall.
［GB50014—2006 (2016 edition), definition 2.1.20] 4.2.8
Convergence time
The time required for the runoff water generated by rainfall to concentrate within a certain range. 4.2.9
Drainage catchment
The catchment or catchment area of ??surface runoff rainwater defined by topography or drainage channels. Note: Rewritten from GB/T51345—2018, definition 2.1.4. 4.2.10
Runoff coefficient
Runoff coefficient
The ratio of surface runoff volume within a certain catchment area (4.2.7) to the product of rainfall and catchment area (4.2.7). Note: Rewrite GB50014-2006 (2016 edition), definition 2.1.16. 4.2.11
flow runoff coefficientflowrunoffcoefficientGB/T39599-2020
The ratio of the runoff volume generated during the duration of peak flow to the product of the rainfall and the catchment area (4.2.7) during that duration. Note: Rewrite GB50400-2006, definition 2.1.4. 4.2.12
rainfall runoff coefficientpluviometricrunoffcoefficientThe ratio of the total runoff volume generated by rainfall within a set time to the product of rainfall and the catchment area (4.2.7) Note: Rewrite GB50400-2016, definition 2.1.6. 4.2.13
annual runoff pollutant loadannualrunoffpollutantloacThe total amount of pollutants discharged in surface runoff caused by all rainfall events in a year. 4.2.14
Annual pollutant load reduction rate reduction rate of annual pollutant load The ratio of the total amount of pollutants in the rainfall runoff (4.2.1) in the area of ??low-impact development (2.1) rainwater control utilization (2.7) to the amount before the rainwater flows through the area in a year.
4.2.15
Runoff pollution control volume rainwater treatment volume for non-point source pollution control The volume of initial runoff (4.2.2) water that needs to be treated to meet the low-impact development (2.1) runoff pollution (2.5) control target. 4.2.16
Precipitation depth for non-point source pollution control The net rainfall thickness that needs to be controlled to meet the low-impact development (2.1) runoff pollution (2.5) control target. 4.2.17
Volumetric runoff coefficient for non-point source pollution controlThe ratio of the runoff pollution control volume (4.2.15) to the product of the runoff pollution control rainfall thickness (4.2.16) and the total catchment area (4.2.7). 4.3 Other technical terms
4.3.1
Permeability coefficientPermeability coefficientInfiltration coefficient
Transmissivity
The amount of water passing through a unit cross-section of a product under the action of a unit hydraulic gradient per unit time.17
Volumetric runoff coefficient for non-point source pollution controlThe ratio of the runoff pollution control volume (4.2.15) to the product of the runoff pollution control rainfall thickness (4.2.16) and the total catchment area (4.2.7). 4.3 Other technical terms
4.3.1
Permeability coefficientPermeability coefficientInfiltration coefficient
Transmissivity
The amount of water passing through a unit cross-section of a product under the action of a unit hydraulic gradient per unit time.17
Volumetric runoff coefficient for non-point source pollution controlThe ratio of the runoff pollution control volume (4.2.15) to the product of the runoff pollution control rainfall thickness (4.2.16) and the total catchment area (4.2.7). 4.3 Other technical terms
4.3.1
Permeability coefficientPermeability coefficientInfiltration coefficient
Transmissivity
The amount of water passing through a unit cross-section of a product under the action of a unit hydraulic gradient per unit time.
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