Safety code for inspection of packaging of dangerous goods transported by air
Some standard content:
ICS13.300;55.020
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB194332009
Replaces GB19433.1—2004.GB19433.2—2004,GB19433.3—2004Safety code for inspection of packaging of dangerous goods transported by airIssued on 2009-06-21
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of ChinaAdministrative Committee of Standardization of the People's Republic of China
Implementation on 2010-05-01
Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 of this standard are mandatory, and the rest are recommended. GB19433—2009
This standard replaces GB19433.1—2004 "General Rules for Safety Specifications for Inspection of Dangerous Goods Packages for Air Transport", GB19433.2—2004 "Performance Inspection of Safety Specifications for Inspection of Dangerous Goods Packages for Air Transport" and GB19433.3—2004 "Application Identification of Safety Specifications for Inspection of Dangerous Goods Packages for Air Transport"
The main changes between this standard and the above standards are as follows: some technical contents have been modified to make them completely consistent with the relevant technical contents of the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (15th revised edition), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air" (2007-2008 edition) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air" (2008 edition); - The standard text format has been edited according to GB/T1.1-2000. Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are normative appendices. Appendix C and Appendix D of this standard are informative appendices. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Hazardous Chemicals Management (SAC/TC251). The responsible drafting unit of this standard: Tianjin Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The participating drafting unit of this standard: Hunan Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau. The main drafters of this standard: Wang Libing, Li Ningtao, Feng Zhijie, Lu Gang, Zhang Yuan, Zhou Lei. The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are: GB19433.1—2004;
GB19433.2-2004;
-GB19433.3—2004.
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1 Scope
Safety Specification for Inspection of Dangerous Goods Packages for Air Transport GB19433-2009
This standard specifies the classification, code and marking, requirements, performance inspection and use identification of dangerous goods packages for air transport, except for Class 2, Item 6.2 and Class 7 in Chapter 4. This standard applies to the performance inspection and use identification of dangerous goods packages for air transport, except for Class 2, Item 6.2 and Class 7 in Chapter 4.
This standard does not apply to the inspection of dangerous goods packages for air transport with a volume exceeding 450L and a net weight exceeding 400kg. 2 Normative References
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For any dated referenced document, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard. GB325 Packaging container steel drum
GB/T1540 Determination of water absorption of paper and paperboard - Cobber method GB/T2828.1-2003 Attribute sampling inspection procedure - Part 1: Sampling plan for batch inspection based on acceptance quality limit (AQL)
GB/T4122.1 Packaging terminology - Part 1: Basics GB/T4857.3 Packaging and transport package basic tests - Part 3: Static load stacking test method GB/T4857.5 Packaging and transport package drop test method GB/T17344 Packaging and transport package airtightness test method ICAO "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air" United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (15th revised edition) 3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions established in GB/T4122.1 and the following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Boxes
Complete rectangular or polygonal containers made of metal, wood, plywood, reconstituted wood, fiberboard, plastic or other suitable materials. Small openings (holes) for handling operations or to meet classification requirements are permitted, provided that the integrity of the packaging is not damaged or endangered. 3.2
Drum
Cylindrical container with flat or convex ends made of metal, fiberboard, plastic, plywood or other suitable materials. 3.3
Bag
Flexible container made of paper, plastic film, textile, woven material or other suitable material. 3.4
Jerrican
Metal or plastic container with a rectangular or polygonal cross section. 1
GB19433—2009
Container receptacle
One or more receptacles, and other components or materials required for the receptacles to realize their storage function. 3.6
Inner receptacle
A container that needs an outer receptacle to function as a container. 3.7
Packaging
Container and other components or materials required for the container to realize its storage function. 3.8
Outer packaging outer packaging
The outer protective device of a composite or combined packaging together with the absorbent material, liner and other components required to contain or protect the inner container. 3.9
Inner packaging inner packaging
Packaging that requires an outer packaging for transportation.
Single packaging single packaging
Packaging that does not require any inner packaging during use and has the function of containing. 3.11
combination packagingcombination packaging for transport purposes, with one or more packages packed in an outer packaging. 3.12
over packaging
collective packaging
packaging used by a consignor to pack one or more packages together to form a unit for the convenience of loading, unloading and storage during transportation.
composite packaging
composite packaging
a package consisting of an outer container and an inner container, which is constructed so that the inner container and the outer container form a complete package. After assembly, this package becomes a single complete unit, which is used for loading, storage, transportation and unloading. 3.14
package
the finished product of the packaging operation, including the container ready for transportation and its contents. 3.15
Absorbent material
Material that can absorb and retain liquids. Once the container is damaged or leaks, the liquid can be quickly absorbed and retained in the material.
incompatible
Incompatible
Describes dangerous goods that, if mixed, are likely to cause the release of dangerous heat or gas or generate a corrosive substance, or produce a physical and chemical reaction that reduces the strength of the packaging container.
Performance test
Simulate different transportation environments to conduct type tests on containers. Production
Use appraisal
useappraisal
Identify the packaging container after it contains dangerous goods. 3.19
United Nations number
UNnumber
GB19433—2009
A 4-digit Arabic numeral number compiled by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods to identify a substance or a specific class of substances 4 Classification
4.1 Classification of dangerous goods
4.1.1 Dangerous goods are divided into 9 categories according to their hazard or most important hazard. Some categories are further divided into items. The order of the numbers of categories and items is not the order of hazard level. 4.1.2 Class 1: Explosives
-1.1: Substances and articles with an overall explosion hazard; -1.2: Substances and articles with a projection hazard but no overall explosion hazard; -1.3: Substances and articles with a burning hazard and a local explosion hazard or a local projection hazard or both, but no overall explosion hazard;
-1.4: Substances and articles that do not present a significant hazard; -1.5: Very insensitive substances with a mass explosion hazard; 1.6: Extremely insensitive articles without a mass explosion hazard. 4.1.3 Class 2: Gases
-2.1: Flammable gases;
-2.2: Non-flammable and non-toxic gases;
-2.3: Toxic gases.
4.1.4 Class 3: Flammable liquids bzxZ.net
4.1.5 Class 4: Flammable solids: Substances that are liable to spontaneous combustion: Substances that emit flammable gases when in contact with water -4.1: Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives; -4.2: Substances that are liable to spontaneous combustion;
-4.3: Substances that emit flammable gases when in contact with water. 4.1.6 Class 5: Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides 5.1: Oxidizing substances
-5.2: Organic peroxides.
4.1.7 Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances - 6.1: Toxic substances;
6.2: Infectious substances.
4.1.8 Class 7: Radioactive substances.
4.1.9 Class 8: Corrosive substances.
4.1.10 Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles. 4.2 Classification of dangerous goods packaging
Except for dangerous goods in Classes 1, 2, 7, Items 5.2 and 6.2, the packaging of other types of dangerous goods can be divided into three packaging levels according to the degree of danger, namely:
I packaging
II packaging
III packaging
Highly dangerous;
Medium dangerous;
Mild dangerous.
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GB19433—2009
The classification of the degree of danger of various types of dangerous goods can be determined by relevant dangerous characteristic tests. 5 Codes and markings
5.1 Codes
5.1.1 The packaging code is used to indicate the type of outer packaging and consists of several parts arranged in parallel. The first part is Arabic numerals, indicating the type of packaging; the second part is capital Latin letters, indicating the manufacturing material of the packaging container; if necessary, the third part is Arabic numerals, indicating the packaging form in the packaging type in the packaging type of the packaging type. 5.1.1.1 Arabic numerals indicate the type of packaging: 1 - barrel;
3 - can;
4 box;
5 - bag;
6 - composite packaging.
5.1.1.2 Capital Latin letters indicate the manufacturing materials of the packaging container. For composite packaging, two capital Latin letters are used to indicate the packaging manufacturing materials, the first letter indicates the material of the inner container, and the second letter indicates the material of the outer packaging. A - steel (including various types of steel and surface-treated steel); B - aluminum;
C - natural wood;
D plywood;
F - regenerated wood (reprocessed wood);
fiberboard;
H - plastic;
L - textile.
5.1.1.3 Arabic numerals are used to indicate the packaging form within the category to which the packaging belongs. The codes of various commonly used packaging containers are shown in Appendix D. 5.1.2 For combination packaging, only the code for the outer packaging shall be used. 5.1.3 The letter "T", "V" or "W" may be added after the code of the packaging container. The letter "T" indicates a salvage packaging that complies with the requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air". The letter "V" indicates a special packaging that complies with the requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air". The letter "W" indicates that although the type of packaging is the same as that indicated by the mark, its manufacturing specifications are different from those in Appendix A, but it is an equivalent packaging according to the requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air".
5.1.4 The following code is used to indicate the inner packaging: The capital Latin letter "IP" indicates the inner packaging. This is followed by Arabic numerals indicating the type of inner packaging. 5.2 Marking
The marking is used to indicate that the packaging container bearing this mark has passed the tests specified in Chapter 7 Performance Test and complies with the requirements of Appendix A. 5.2.1 Each packaging container must be marked with a durable, easily identifiable and clearly marked in a size appropriate to the packaging size and include the following information.
5.2.1.1 United Nations packaging symbol (. This symbol is only used to prove that the packaging container complies with the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations" (15th revised edition) and Chapter 7. For metal packaging, it can be indicated by the molded capital letters "UN". 5.2.1.2 Packaging code according to 7.1; example 3H1. 5.2.1.3 Code consisting of two parts; example /X1.8/. 5.2.1.3.1 The first part indicates the letter of the packaging level: X for packaging level I;
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Y for packaging level II;
Z for packaging level III.
5.2.1.3.2 The second part
GB19433—2009
a) For single packaging containing liquids: indicate the relative density, rounded to the first decimal place. If the relative density does not exceed 1.2, it can be omitted.
b) For packaging intended to contain solids or with inner packagings: indicate the maximum gross mass (gross weight) in kilograms (kg). 5.2.1.4 The following should be indicated after the code:
a) For single packaging containing liquids: indicate the maximum test pressure in kPa, rounded to the nearest tenth place; for example /250/; b) For packaging containing solids or with inner packaging: use the letter "S"; for example /S/. 5.2.1.5 Indicate the last two digits of the year of manufacture of the packaging. For plastic packaging of packaging types 1H1, 1H2, 3H1 and 3H2, the month of manufacture must also be correctly marked; the following graphics can be used to mark other parts of the packaging. 11121
5.2.1.6 Indicate the code for the country of production: The code for China is the capital letters CN. 5.2.1.7 Indicate the code for the place of production and manufacturer of the packaging container and the code for the production batch. The above codes are determined by the relevant national administrative authorities. The main codes for each region are shown in Appendix C.
5.2.2 In accordance with the provisions of 5.2.1, the packaging container See Appendix D for examples of marking. Single or multiple lines may be marked. 5.2.2.1 Packages with a gross mass exceeding 30kg or a volume exceeding 30L shall be marked on the top or side. The height of the marked letters, numbers and symbols shall be greater than 12mm. When the package is less than or equal to 30kg or 30L, the marked letters shall be greater than or equal to 6mm. Packages below 5kg or 5L shall also be marked with appropriate sizes. 5.2.2.2 Each new steel drum exceeding 100L must have the permanent mark described in 5.2.1 on its bottom. It shall also indicate the metal thickness at the thinnest part of the barrel body, in mm accurate to 0.1mm and permanent (e.g. molded). The thickness of the metal drum material shall comply with the requirements of GB325. When the material thickness of the metal drum end is thinner than that of the barrel body, the top/body/bottom material thickness of the barrel must be permanently marked on the bottom of the barrel, such as "1.0-1.2-1.0" or 0.9-1.0-1.0".
5.2.2.3 Other additional markings approved by the national administrative department shall ensure that the markings required by 5.2.1 can be correctly identified. 5.2.3 Examples of packaging markings are shown in Appendix D.
6 General requirements
6.1 General technical requirements
6.1.1 Each package must be marked with a permanent mark or logo. 6.1.2 The packaging of dangerous goods for air transport shall have a reasonable structure, good protective performance, and comply with the specifications of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air". Its design mode, process and material shall be adapted to the characteristics of dangerous goods for air transport, suitable for stowage, convenient for safe loading and unloading and transportation, and able to withstand the risks under normal transportation conditions. 6.1.3 Dangerous goods shall be packed in good quality packaging, the structure and sealing condition of which can ensure that under normal transportation conditions, the packaging will not cause any leakage due to changes in temperature or pressure (such as those caused by changes in altitude). 6.1.4 Packaging containers (including closures) in direct contact with dangerous goods should not react chemically or otherwise with the substances they contain. The materials of the containers should not contain components that are easily dangerous to the contents, so as to produce harmful reactions or significantly weaken the performance of the packaging. 6.1.5 Packaging containers and their closures must be able to withstand the effects of vibration and temperature and pressure changes under normal transportation conditions. The closure of closure covers, closure plugs or other friction-type closures must be firm, safe and effective. The design of the closures should be reasonable and easy to check. 6.1.6 Packaging containers containing liquids should have sufficient expansion space to ensure that during transportation, the expansion of the liquid caused by temperature changes will not cause the container to leak or deform. Containers must not be fully filled at a temperature of 55°C. 5
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GB19433—2009
6.1.7. Liquid packaging containers (including inner packaging) should be able to withstand a pressure difference of more than 95 kPa without leakage. If placed in an auxiliary packaging (outer packaging), the auxiliary packaging must comply with the above pressure requirements and other relevant regulations, and the inner packaging may not be subject to the above pressure regulations. 6.1.8. The inner packaging should be fixed and safely padded to limit its movement in the outer packaging. To prevent rupture and leakage under normal transportation conditions, when the inner packaging is glass or ceramic packaging and Class I or Class II outer packaging is used to contain liquids of Classes 3, 4, 8 and Items 5.1 and 6.1, there should be absorbent cushioning materials on the outside of the inner packaging. The absorbent cushioning materials shall not react dangerously with the dangerous goods contained in the inner packaging, and the leakage of the contents shall not cause dangerous chemical reactions or change the protective properties of the cushioning materials. 6.1.9. The performance and thickness of the outer packaging materials shall ensure that the chemical stability of the contents will not be changed due to frictional heat generated during transportation. 6.1.10. In order to reduce the internal pressure caused by the gas released by the dangerous goods contained in the packaging, the installation of exhaust holes on the packaging containers must be approved by the aviation transportation authorities.
6.1.11 When using combination packaging to contain dangerous goods, the closure of the inner container cannot be inverted. The outer packaging should be clearly marked with a mark indicating the direction of operation.
6.1.12 Other goods that may react chemically with each other and cause the following consequences are not allowed to be placed in the same packaging, and other dangerous goods should not be placed in the same outer container or large container with dangerous goods that react chemically with them. a) Burning/or releasing a large amount of heat energy;
b) Releasing flammable, toxic or asphyxiating gases; c) Forming corrosive substances;
d) Forming unstable substances.
When containing solid substances that may become liquid due to temperature changes during transportation, the packaging should meet the requirements for containing liquid substances.
6.2 Special requirements for packaging of explosives
6.2.1 The packaging containers used for Class 1 dangerous goods (explosives) should meet the packaging requirements of Class II or above and meet the requirements of 6.1. 6.2.2 Nails, staples and other metal closures without protective layers should not penetrate into the outer packaging. Unless the inner packaging can adequately prevent the explosive from coming into contact with metal. 6.2.3 The inner packaging, accessories, cushioning materials and explosive substances should be securely placed in the packaging to ensure that they will not cause dangerous movement during transportation.
6.2.4 When double-layer rolled steel drums are used, measures should be taken to prevent explosive substances from being embedded in the seams. 6.2.5 The closures of aluminum or steel drums should have suitable gaskets. If the closure device has threads, it should be impossible for explosive substances to be embedded in the threads.
6.2.6 If a metal-lined box is used to contain explosive substances, the explosive substances contained should not fall into the gap between the liner and the bottom of the box or the liner and the side wall of the box.
6.2.7 Electric detonators must prevent electrical and magnetic radiation and stray current. Explosives equipped with ignition or initiation devices should be effectively protected to prevent accidents under normal transportation conditions. 6.3 Special requirements for packaging of other dangerous goods
6.3.1 The packaging used for substances in item 4.2 (spontaneously combustible solids) should meet the requirements of packaging level II or above and comply with the requirements of 6.1, and metal containers shall not be used for packaging.
6.3.2 The packaging used for dangerous goods in items 4.1 and 5.2 should meet the requirements of packaging level II or above and comply with the requirements of 6.1. Packaging with vents shall not be used.
6.3.3 Self-reactive substances and organic peroxides with explosive secondary hazards shall have secondary hazard labels on their packaging. At the same time, their packaging shall also comply with other relevant requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) "Technical Regulations for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air". 6.3.4 The packaging of self-reactive substances and organic peroxides must ensure that they do not chemically react with all materials in contact with the contents, have no effect on the properties of the contents, and when leakage occurs, the cushioning material is not easy to burn and will not cause the decomposition of organic peroxides. 6.3.5 See Appendix B for special requirements for various packaging. 6
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7 Performance test
7.1 Requirements
7.1.1 All packaging containers, including the inner packaging of combination packaging, should be subject to performance tests. GB19433—2009
7.1.2 If it is necessary to treat or coat the interior of the packaging container for safety reasons, such treatment or coating should be able to maintain its protective performance even after the test.
7.1.3 See Table 1 for performance test requirements.
Table 1 Requirements for packaging performance tests
Performance test items
Drop test
Airtight test
Hydraulic test
Stacking test
7.2 Tests
7.2.1 Test items
Performance test requirements
a) For packages containing liquids, except for the inner packaging of combination packaging, the internal pressure and external pressure of the package should first be balanced after the drop test. All packages should be leak-free. For packages with inner coating (plating), the inner coating (plating) layer should also be intact. b) For packages containing solids, after the drop test, even if the closure device no longer has the ability to prevent leakage, the inner packaging or contents should still remain intact and leak-free.
c) The outer packaging of composite packaging or combination packaging shall not have any damage that may affect transportation safety, and the contents shall not leak from the inner packaging or inner container, and the inner container or inner packaging shall not leak. If there is an inner coating (plating) layer, it should be intact. d) The outermost layer of the bag or the outer packaging shall not have any damage that may affect transportation safety. e) A small amount of the contents may leak from the closure when it falls, but it shall not continue to leak after falling. ") The packaging of Class 1 substances is not allowed to leak during the drop process. No leakage
No leakage
The test sample has no leakage. The inner container of the composite packaging and the inner packaging of the close-fitting packaging are also leak-free. The test sample does not have damage that may have an adverse effect on transportation safety, or deformation that may reduce its strength or cause unstable stacking of the package. Before evaluation, the plastic container should be cooled to ambient temperature. 7.2.1.1 The performance test items of various common air transport dangerous goods packaging containers are shown in Appendix A. 7.2.1.2 Each packaging container used to hold liquids should be subjected to an airtightness test. If the outer packaging of the combination packaging can meet the airtightness requirements or its cushioning and adsorbent material can completely absorb the retained contents and prevent it from leaking from the outer packaging, then its Inner packaging may be exempted from this test. 7.2.1.3 If the outer packaging of a combination package and different types of inner packaging have passed the test, the outer packaging may also be equipped with multiple inner packagings similar to these different types. In addition, the following types of inner packaging are allowed to be used without further testing when they have the same effectiveness in performance.
7.2.1.3.1 When the inner packaging is the same or smaller in size, it can be used if it meets the following conditions: - the design is similar to the tested inner packaging; - the material of the inner packaging is the same or the strength and thickness is greater than the tested inner packaging type; - the opening of the inner packaging is the same or smaller than the original tested inner packaging, and the design of the closure is similar; - there is enough additional cushioning material to fill the space and prevent the inner packaging from moving; - the inner packaging is inside the packaging The positioning method is the same as that of the tested packaging. 7.2.1.3.2 It can be used when the number of tested inner packaging is reduced, or the type of inner packaging is replaced as indicated in 7.2.1.3.1 above, and there is sufficient additional cushioning material to fill the space and prevent the inner packaging from moving. 7.2.2 Number of samples
7.2.2.1 The number of samples for different test items is as follows: 6 samples for drop test barrels and cans, 5 samples for box packaging, 3 samples for bag packaging; 3 samples for airtight test,
GB19433—2009
-3 samples for hydraulic test;
3 samples for stacking test.
7.2.2.2 When it does not affect the test results, one test sample More than two tests may be conducted. 7.2.3 Preparation of test samples
7.2.3.1 Contents
7.2.3.1.1 The liquid contained in the sample shall not be less than 98% of its capacity. 7.2.3.1.2 The solid contained in the sample shall not be less than 95% of its volume. 7.2.3.1.3 The contents of the sample may be replaced by a substance with the same physical properties (mass, particle size, etc.) as the intended substance. Additives such as bags of lead shot are permitted.
7.2.3.1.4 Drop test on liquid packaging If a substitute is used, the relative density and viscosity of the substitute shall be similar to those of the intended substance. The drop test of liquid substances may also be carried out using water under the conditions required in 7.2.4.3.2. 7.2.3.2 Sample pretreatment
7.2.3.2.1. The paper or fiberboard packaging should be treated in a constant temperature and humidity atmosphere for at least 24 hours. One group can be selected from the following three groups. The first group is to use an atmospheric condition with a controlled temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a humidity of 50% ± 2%. The other two groups are to control the temperature at 20°C ± 2°C and the humidity at 65% ± 2%, and to control the temperature at 27°C ± 2°C and the humidity at 65% ± 2%. 7.2.3.2.2 When plastic barrels (cans), plastic composite barrels (cans) and containers with coatings are used for the first time, they need to be directly loaded with dangerous goods to be transported and subjected to compatibility tests for more than 6 months before the test. 7.2.3.3 Special preparation of drop test samples For the test of plastic barrels, plastic cans, plastic boxes other than foam polypropylene boxes, composite containers (plastics) and combination packaging with plastic inner containers other than plastic bags intended for solids or articles, the test is carried out after the temperature of the sample and the substance it contains drops to below -18°C. The test liquid should remain in liquid state, and antifreeze can be added if necessary. 7.2.3.4 Sample preparation for airtight test and hydraulic test Drill a hole on the top of the packaging container and connect the water inlet pipe and exhaust pipe, or connect the air inlet pipe. For the closure with exhaust holes, replace it with an airtight closure or block the exhaust holes.
7.2.4 Drop test
7.2.4.1 Test equipment
Meet the requirements of test equipment in Chapter 2 of GB/T4857.5. a) Freezer (box): can meet the requirements of 7.2.3.3: b)
Temperature and humidity chamber (box): can meet the requirements of 7.2.3.2.1. 7.2.4.2 Test method
7.2.4.2.1 See Table 2 for the drop test method. Table 2 Drop test method
Packaging container
Fiberboard barrel
Plastic barrel and can
Barrel-shaped composite packaging
Natural wood box
Plywood box
Recycled wood box
Fiberboard box, steel or aluminum box
Box-shaped composite packagingPlastic box
Drop method
First group of drops (use 3 specimens to fall on the same part, such as 5 or 6 or other weak parts): The convex edge of the package should hit the target in an inclined manner, and the vertical line of the center of gravity passes through the convex edge impact point. If the package has no convex edge, it should hit the circumferential seam or edge. The movable top cover barrel must be tilted upside down and the locking device falls through the center vertical line. Second set of drops (use another 3 samples to drop on the same part): the weakest packaging part that was not tested in the first set of drops should hit the target, such as the longitudinal weld of the closure or barrel, the longitudinal joint of the can, etc. First drop: drop flat on the bottom of the box
Second drop: drop flat on the top of the box
Third drop: drop flat on a long side
Fourth drop, drop flat on a short side
Fifth drop: drop at a corner
Packaging container
Seamless single-layer or multi-layer bag||tt| |Single or multi-layer bags with seams
Table 2 (continued)
First drop: drop on the wide side of the bag Second drop: drop on the end of the bag
First drop: drop on the wide side of the bag
Second drop: drop on the narrow side of the bag
Third drop: drop on the end of the bag
Note 1: For non-flat drops, the center of gravity (loss) of the sample should be perpendicular to the impact point. Drop method
Note 2: When falling in a specified direction, the sample may have more than one side, and the weakest side should be dropped. GB19433—2009
Note 3: The test should be carried out in a freezing environment or temperature and humidity environment with the same pretreatment. If the same conditions cannot be achieved, the test should be completed within 5 minutes after the sample leaves the pretreatment environment.
7.2.4.2.2 For other requirements during the drop test, see GB/T 4857.5. 7.2.4.3 Drop height
7.2.4.3.1 For solid or liquid dangerous goods, if the intended dangerous goods are used, or other substances with basically the same physical properties are used for the test, the drop height is shown in Table 3. Table 3 Drop height
Level 1 packaging
Level Ⅱ packaging
7.2.4.3.2 For liquid contents, if water is used instead for the test: a)
If the relative density of the intended transported liquid is less than or equal to 1.2, the drop height is shown in Table 3. I-level packaging
Unit is meter
If the relative density of the substance to be transported is greater than 1.2, the drop height should be calculated according to the relative density (d) of the substance to be transported according to Table 4, rounded to one decimal place.
I-level packaging
7.2.5 Airtightness test
Drop height and density conversion table
II-level packaging
II-level packaging
Unit is meter
All packages intended to contain liquids need to undergo this test. If the outer packaging of the combination packaging can meet the airtightness requirements or its cushioning and adsorbing materials can completely absorb the retained contents and prevent it from leaking from the outer packaging, the inner packaging can be exempted from this test. 7.2.5.1 Test equipment and methods
According to the requirements of GB/T17344.
7.2.5.2 Test pressure
See Table 5 for the test pressure.
Table 5 Test pressure (gauge pressure)
I level packaging
7.2.6 Hydraulic test
II level packaging
Dish level packaging
Unit: dry Pa
All packaging containers intended to contain liquids are subject to this test. If the outer packaging of the combination packaging can meet the minimum specified requirements, the inner packaging can be exempted from this test.
7.2.6.1 Test equipment
Hydraulic dangerous goods packaging testing machine or other test equipment that achieves the same effect. 9
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GB19433—2009
7.2.6.2 Test pressure (gauge pressure)
Calculated according to one of the following three methods.
7.2.6.2.1 The total gauge pressure inside the package measured at 55°C (i.e. the pressure of the substance contained plus the pressure of air or inert gas minus 100kPa) multiplied by a safety factor of 1.5. pr=(pMsX1.5)kPa, not less than 95kPa. 7.2.6.2.2 1.75 times the vapor pressure of the cargo to be transported at 50°C, minus 100kPa. Pr=(Vp5×1.75)-100kPa, not less than 100kPa.
7.2.6.2.3 1.5 times the vapor pressure of the cargo to be transported at 55°C, minus 100kPa. pr=(Vp55×1.5)100kPa, not less than 100kPa.
Where:
test pressure, in kPa;
total gauge pressure measured in the container at 55°C; PMss
Vsa——vapor pressure of goods at 50°C;
Vps5——vapor pressure of goods at 55°C. 7.2.6.2.4 The test pressure of packaging containers intended to contain Class I liquid dangerous goods is 250kPa. 7.2.6.3 Test method
Start the hydraulic dangerous packaging tester, apply hydraulic pressure continuously and evenly to the inner packaging, open the exhaust valve at the same time, exhaust the residual gas in the test container, and then close the exhaust valve. Plastic and plastic composite packaging, including their closures, should withstand the specified constant hydraulic pressure (gauge pressure) for 30 minutes, and other containers, including their closures, should withstand the specified constant hydraulic pressure (gauge pressure) for 5 minutes. 7.2.7 Stacking test
7.2.7.1 Test equipment
According to the requirements of GB/T4857.3.
7.2.7.2 Test method
Plastic barrels, plastic cans and composite packaging 6HH1 and 6HH2 intended to contain liquids shall be subjected to a stacking test at a temperature of 40°C for 28 days. The stacking time for other packaging containers is 24 hours. Other test methods shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T4857.3. 7.2.7.3 Stacking load
Where:
P——Load applied, in kilograms (kg); K——Deterioration coefficient, K value is 1;
H—Stacking height (not less than 3m), in meters (m); h—Height of a single package, in meters (m); m-
Hh,
—Gross mass (gross weight) of a single package, in kilograms (kg). 7.3 Performance inspection rules
7.3.1 The manufacturer shall ensure that the packaging of dangerous goods for air transport produced by it complies with the provisions of this standard and shall be inspected by the relevant inspection departments in accordance with this standard. The user has the right to request acceptance inspection of the received products in accordance with the provisions of this standard. 7.3.2 Inspection items: Inspect each item according to the requirements of 7.2. 7.3.3 Performance test conditions
Performance test should be carried out when any of the following conditions occur in the packaging of dangerous goods for air transport: when a new product is put into production or an old product is switched to another product;
After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, or processes that may affect product performance;
During normal production, once every six months; When resuming production after a long-term suspension of production: 10
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