Some standard content:
1 General
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical requirements for safety devices of the presses
1.1 The safety devices of the presses shall have one of the following functions. 1,1.1 During the operation of the slider, no part of the human body shall enter the danger zone. 1.1.2 During the downward stroke of the slider, no part of the human body shall enter the danger zone. UDC 621.975-7
GB 5091—85
1.1.3 After the operator's hands are released from the operating button or the operating handle of the starting clutch, the slider can stop the downward stroke or exceed the bottom dead center before reaching the danger zone.
1.1.4 During the downward stroke of the slider, before any part of the human body enters the danger zone, the slider can stop the downward stroke or exceed the bottom dead center. 1.1.5 During the downward stroke of the slider, a part of the human body that has entered the danger zone can be pushed out. 1.1.6 During the downward stroke of the slider, the operator's arm that enters the danger zone can be pulled out. 1.2 The main components of the safety device should have the strength and rigidity required to ensure the function of the safety device. 1.3 The connectors of the safety device should be made of steel with a steel grade of 45 or above mechanical properties, and the necessary heat treatment should be carried out according to the strength and hardness requirements.
1.4 The fasteners of the safety device should adopt reliable anti-loosening measures. 1.5 The positioning pins of the safety device should take anti-falling measures. 1.6 The main electrical components of the safety device, such as relays and limit switches, should have the capacity and life to ensure the function of the safety device. 1.7
The use environment, temperature rise, anti-interference, grounding and other requirements of safety devices with electrical control should comply with relevant national regulations.
1.8 Safety devices with electrical control should have "normal" and "accident" indication signals and signs. 1.9 All safety devices equipped with electrical components such as relays and transistors should take reliable anti-dew measures. 1.10 The electrical control circuit of the safety device shall not cause the slider to run unexpectedly due to the failure of electrical components or power failure. 1.11 The rated voltage of the electrical control circuit of the safety device shall not be higher than 220V, and the power supply voltage fluctuation is allowed to be 85\{~110% of the rated voltage.
1.12 The external wires and cables of the safety device shall be made of insulated copper wires that are resistant to coolant and oil, and their dielectric strength must comply with relevant national regulations.
1.13 The selection switch of the safety device shall adopt the key switching method, and the key can be removed at each switching position. The status of the safety device shall be indicated on each switching position.
1.14 In addition to complying with this standard, the safety device shall also comply with the provisions of its respective technical conditions. 2 Fixed fence type safety device
2.1 The fixed fence type safety device shall have the functions of paragraph 1.1.1. 2.2 The fixed fence type safety device is generally fixed on the machine body or workbench. 2.3 The feed port of the fixed fence type safety device should be adjustable according to the size and shape of the material being fed. 2.4 The vertical opening size of the feed port of the fixed fence type safety device and the vertical (or horizontal) gap size of the fence itself should comply with the provisions of Figure 1 and Table 1.
Published by the National Bureau of Standards on May 9, 1985
Implemented on November 1, 1985
Danger line
Minimum safety line
GB5091—85
Typical safety device
Installation position
Safety position of safety device and vertical opening dimension of feeding port: 1
(or vertical gap dimension of fence itself) a～α10-Distance between danger line and safety position of safety device, b～bin-Allowed safety opening dimension between bottom surfaces of safety device (or allowed safety gap dimension of fence itself) Table 1 Corresponding dimensions of α～αjo and b～bo 13
ai～a2
a2～aa
ag～a5
'as ~ a
.a7～ g
ag~ ag
ag～dro
·60~85
85~135
135~160
160～185
-185～310
-310~385
385~435
435~785
3 Movable fence type safety device
GB 5091—85
3.1 Movable fence type safety device shall have the functions of Clause 1.1.2. 3.2 When the power of the movable fence type safety device does not come from the slide or connecting rod of the press, it shall be interlocked with the control circuit of the press clutch. Except for the factory inch stroke, the slide can only be started when the position of the movable fence meets the requirements of Figure 1 and Table 1, and this position shall be maintained during the slide down stroke. 3.3 The gap size of the fence of the movable fence type safety device shall comply with the provisions of Figure 1 and Table 1. 3.4 The limit switch of the movable fence type safety device shall be prevented from contacting with other objects such as human body and materials. 4 Two-hand button type safety device
4.1 The two-hand push type safety device shall have the functions of 1.1.3. 4.2 The two-hand push button type safety device must use both hands to operate the two buttons at the same time to engage the clutch of the press. 4.3 The two-hand push button type safety device shall ensure that during the downstroke of the slider, when both hands or one hand leave the operating button, a signal for the slider to stop running is given.
4.4 The two-hand press clamp type safety device shall ensure that during single stroke operation, each full stroke ends (the slider reaches the top dead center), and the slider cannot be restarted even if both hands or one hand continue to press the operating button. Only after both hands leave the operating button can it be restarted. 4.5 The two-hand push button type safety device shall ensure that after the control is interrupted, before it needs to be restored, it must first release all the operating buttons before it can be restarted.
4.6 The minimum inner margin of the two operating buttons of the two-hand button safety device should be 250mm, and the maximum inner margin is 600mm. 4.7 The button of the two-hand push-pin safety device should be installed in the switch box and should not protrude from the surface of the box. 4.8 On a press operated by multiple people, each operator should have a two-hand button, and the slide can only start when all operators work together.
4.9 When installing a two-hand press clamp safety device on a press, the minimum safety distance requirement must be met. The calculation formula is as follows: For a press that cannot stop the slide at any position of the stroke a.
Ds ≥1.6Ts
Formula f!: Ds —-
Safety distance (i.e., the distance between the operating button and the mold edge), m; 1.6——hand extension speed, m/s,
T-—The time from the two-hand button connecting the press clutch control line to the slide running to the bottom dead center, s. T = (+
Where: N——Number of clutch engagement slots, Tn—Time for crankshaft rotation, s
b. For a press that can stop the slider at any position of the stroke, Ds >1.6T
Formula: Ds—safety distance, m,
1.6-———hand extension speed, m/s, Ts—time from disconnecting the control line of the press clutch by the two-hand button to the complete stop of the slide, s. (1)
(2)
(3)
General: Ts should be measured when the crankshaft rotates to about 90°. 4.10 The two-hand pliers type safety device should be marked with Ts (abbreviated as emergency stop time) calculated according to formula (3) and the corresponding Ds on the product or in the instruction manual. The representation method is shown in Figure 2. 326
5 Double handle safety device
GB5091—85
300350
Emergency stop time (ms ）
Figure 2 Emergency stop time and safety distance
5.1 The double-handle safety device should have the functions of 1.1.3. 5.2 The double-handle safety device is suitable for presses with direct clutch operation. 400
5.3 For the double-handle safety device, both operating handles must be operated with both hands at the same time to engage the clutch of the press. 5.4 The minimum spacing between the two operating handles of the double-handle safety device is 250mm and the maximum spacing is 600mm. 5.5 When the double-handle safety device starts the clutch, the push (or pull or press) force of each operating handle shall not exceed 1.47N. 5.6 When the double-handle safety device is installed on the press, the minimum safety distance requirement must be met. The calculation formula is as follows: Ds ≥1.6Ts
Where: Ds—safety distance (i.e., the distance between the double handle and the die edge), m, hand insertion speed, m/s
—time from the double handle engaging the clutch of the press to the slide running to the bottom dead center, s. T=
Where: N—number of clutch engagement slots; Tn—time for the crankshaft to rotate one circle, s. )T
（4）
Light-type safety device
GB 5091—85
6.1 Light-type safety device shall have the functions of clause 1.1.4. 6.2 Light-type safety device shall be able to detect when any part of the human body blocks the light, and output a signal to prevent the slide from starting or stopping.
6.3 Light-type safety device shall have a self-protection function that prevents the slide from resuming operation after the light curtain is blocked to stop. The slider can only start again after pressing the "restore button". 6.4 The light-type safety device should have the function of not stopping the slider in the non-protected area even if the light curtain is blocked during the slider return.
6.5 The light-type safety device should be able to work normally under the general lighting of the workshop and the local lighting of the press (no more than 100W bulb).
6.6 The light curtain of the light-type safety device must be a rectangle consisting of a protection length and a protection height. 6.7 The protection height of the light-type safety device is generally the sum of the stroke length of the press and the slider adjustment amount. When the sum exceeds 400mm, the protection height can be 400mm.
6.8 The light curtain of the light-type safety device is allowed to be replaced by a light beam. The number of light beams shall not be less than two. 6.9 The distance between the optical axes (central axes of the light beams) of the light-type safety device shall not be greater than 50mm. If the safety distance exceeds 500mm, the distance between the optical axes is allowed to be no greater than 70mm. 6.10 When installing the light-type safety device on the press, the minimum safety distance requirement must be met. The calculation formula is as follows: For presses that cannot stop the slider at any position of the stroke a.
Ds ≥1.6T
Where: Ds safety distance (i.e. the distance between the light curtain and the mold cutting edge), m ≥ 1.6---hand extension speed, m/s
T---the time from the hand leaving the light curtain (i.e. allowing the slider to move) to the slider running to the bottom dead center, S. T= (
Formula: N--the number of clutch engagement slots,
T--the time for the crankshaft to rotate one circle,
b. For presses that can stop the slider at any position of the stroke Ds = 1.6 (T, +T2)
Where: Ds
Safety distance, m;
-hand extension speed, m/s
T, —Time from when the hand blocks the light curtain to when the output contact of the safety device disconnects the control circuit of the press, S. Take T: = 0.02s, T2-——Time from when the press control circuit is disconnected to when the slide stops completely, s. Note: Tz should be measured when the crankshaft rotates to about 90°. 6.11 Light-type safety devices should be marked on the product or in the instruction manual. T calculated by formula (8) (abbreviated as emergency stop time) and the corresponding Ds. The representation method is shown in Figure 3. 328
7 Inductive safety device
GB5091—85
200250
Emergency stop time (ms)
Figure 3 Emergency stop time and safety distance
7.1 Inductive safety device should have the functions of 1.1.4. 400
7.2 Inductive safety device should be at any position of human body. When a part of the human body enters the induction screen, it can detect that the induction screen is damaged and output a signal, so that the slider cannot start or stop running.
7.3 The induction safety device should have a self-protection function that after a part of the human body extends into the induction screen to stop the slider from running, it cannot resume running when it leaves the induction screen. The "recovery button" must be pressed before the slider can start again. 7.4 The induction safety device should have a non-protection area function that the slider will not stop running even if a part of the human body extends into the induction screen during the return stroke of the slider. www.bzxz.net
7.5 The induction screen of the induction safety device must be a rectangle consisting of a protection length and a protection height. 7.6 The protection height of the induction safety device is generally taken as the sum of the press stroke and the slider adjustment amount. When the sum exceeds 400mm, the protection height can be 400mm.
7.7 When the induction safety device is installed on the press, the minimum safety distance requirements should be met. The calculation formula is as follows: 8 For a press that cannot stop the slider stroke at any position Ds 1.6T
Where: Ds -
-Safety distance (i.e., the distance between the induction curtain and the die edge), m, hand insertion speed, m/s
(9)
GB 5091-85
-Time from the hand leaving the induction curtain (i.e., allowing the slider to start) to the slider running to the bottom dead center S. T
Where: N—Number of clutch engagement slots,
T --Time for the crankshaft to rotate one circle, s. b. For a press that can stop the slider stroke at any position, Ds = 1.6 (T + T,)
Where: Ds Safety distance i, m
1.6—Hand insertion speed, m/s,
T,-Time from the hand entering the induction curtain to the output contact of the safety device disconnecting the control circuit of the press, 5. Take T, = 0.02s; T2—the time from the disconnection of the press control circuit to the complete stop of the slide, S. Note: T, should be measured when the crankshaft rotates to about 90°. 7.8 The inductive safety device should be marked with Tz calculated according to formula (11) and the corresponding Ds on the product or in the instruction manual. The representation method is the same as Figure 3.
8 Flip-type safety device
8.1 The flip-type safety device should have the functions of Article 1.1.4. 8.2 The flip-type safety device is installed on the workbench of the press, and the slide can only be operated when the flap (guard plate) is in an upright state.
8.3 The flip-type safety device is limited to single-stroke operation. 8.4 The types of flip-type safety devices include hand-operated flap upright type and automatic flap upright type. 8.5 The flap of the flip-type safety device should be interchangeable. The width of the flap should be greater than the width of the mold; the height of the flap should exceed two-thirds of the opening height of the mold.
8.6 The flap of the flap-type safety device should have strong transparency. 8.7 When the flap-type safety device is installed on the press, the minimum safety avoidance requirements should be guaranteed. The calculation formula is as follows: a. For a press that cannot stop the slider at any position of the stroke Ds 1.6
Where: Ds-a safety distance (i.e. the distance between the flap in an upright state and the edge of the mold), m, 1.6-
a hand's extension speed, m/s,
T--a time from the flap connecting the press clutch control line to the slider running to the bottom dead center, s. Where, N-
a clutch engagement slot number;
T--a crankshaft rotation time, s. b. For the press type ifl that can stop the slide at any position of the stroke: Ds--safety avoidance, m, Ds ≥ 1.6 T
1.6--hand extension speed, m/s
--time from the flap disconnecting the control line of the press clutch to the complete stop of the slide, s. Note: T, should be measured when the crankshaft rotates to near 90°. 330
GB 5091-85
8.8 The flap type safety device should be marked on the product or in the instruction manual with T calculated according to formula (14) and the corresponding Ds. The representation method is the same as Figure 2.
9 Push-hand type safety device
9.1 Push-hand type safety device should have the function of Article 1.1.5. 9.2 The types of push-hand type safety devices include left and right swing-out type, front and rear pull-out type and lateral pull-out type. 9.3 The power of the trolley-type safety device is limited to the slide or connecting rod of the press. 9.4 The push rod of the push-hand type safety device should be able to adjust its length, swing amplitude or displacement. 9.5 The push rod of the push-hand type safety device must be equipped with a protective plate to ensure the safety of the hand during the downward stroke of the slide. 9.6 The width of the protective plate of the push-hand type safety device should exceed half of the mold width. When the mold width is less than 200mm, it should be 100mm. The height of the protective plate (excluding front and rear pull-out) should exceed the stroke length of the slide. When the slide stroke length exceeds 300mm, it should be 300mm.
9.7 The left and right swing amplitude or displacement of the push rod of the push-hand type safety device should exceed the width of the mold. 9.8 The protective plate of the push-hand type safety device should have buffering measures to prevent excessive impact when it comes into contact with the arm. 9.9 For push-handle safety devices, if they are left-right swing-out or side-moving, the direction of push-out should be from right to left (facing the press) for right-handed operators and from left to right for left-handed operators. 10 Pull-handle safety devices
10.1 Pull-handle safety devices should have the functions of Section 1.1.6. 10.2 The steel wire rope used in pull-handle safety devices should comply with the provisions of GB1102-74 "Round Strand Steel Wire Rope" and be fixed to the slider or connecting rod with a reliable clamping device. 10.3 The pulling amount of the pull rope of the pull-handle safety device should be adjustable. The pulling amount should be more than half of the depth of the mold. 10.4 The pull rope of the pull-handle safety device should be made of synthetic fiber with a diameter of more than 4 mm and a breaking load of 147 N/h.
10.5 The wrist strap of the handle safety device should be woven from nylon or other materials, and its connection with the handle rope can withstand a static load of more than 49N.
When the wrist strap of the handle safety device is worn on the wrist, it should be ensured that the wrist strap cannot be pulled off the wrist when the handle rope is under force. 10.6
The connection between the wrist strap of the handle safety device and the handle rope should be convenient and reliable, and easy to remove quickly. The handle safety device should ensure that when the slider stops at the top dead center, the operator's hands can touch the head and calf area. 10.8
10.9When a handle safety device is used on a press operated by most people, each operator should have a separate set. 11 Other safety devices
11.1Any other type of safety device not mentioned above can be used as a safety device for the press as long as it meets one of the functions in Article 1.1.
11.2 Any safety device that does not meet the functions in Article 1.1 must be reviewed by the technical department designated by the state. After being confirmed as a safety device of the press, its structural standard needs to be supplemented and formulated separately. 331
GB5091—85
Appendix A
Hand tools
(Supplement)
A, 1 Hand tools are used to place or remove workpieces into the mold. Its function is to protect the operator from putting his hands or fingers into the upper and lower mold spaces (dangerous areas). However, it cannot prevent the operator from accidentally putting his hands or fingers into the dangerous area, and safety devices must be used for protection.
A.2 Types of hand tools, including permanent magnetic chucks, vacuum chucks, electromagnetic chucks, and pliers, tongs, clamps, hooks, and other hand-held tools suitable for feeding or removing bad parts. A.3 The working part of the hand tool must conform to the defective part of a certain shape, and be able to quickly clamp (or suck) the defective part, and be able to smoothly and accurately place the defective part into the lower die.
A.4 Hand tools should be made of soft and elastic materials as much as possible to prevent equipment accidents of the press. A.5 The handle of the hand tool should be suitable for the operator to hold, and measures should be taken to prevent the fingers from gripping or sliding forward. Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Labor and Personnel of the People's Republic of China and is under the jurisdiction of the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. This standard was drafted by the Jinan Foundry and Forging Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Machinery Industry. The main drafter of this standard is Su Jinpu.
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