Some standard content:
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB50038-94
People's Air-raid Shelter
Design Provisions
(Internal Issue)
Published on 1995-01-13
State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
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Implemented on 1995-05-01
Jointly Issued
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National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Design Specifications for People's Air-raid Shelter||tt ||GB5038—94
Editor Department: National Civil Air Defense Office, Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
Approval Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: May 1, 1995
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Notice on the Release of National Standard
"Civil Air Defense Basement Design Code" Jianbiao [1995] No. 13
According to the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. Jizonghe [1989] 30, the "Civil Air Defense Basement Design Code" jointly revised by the Architectural Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction and relevant units has been reviewed by relevant departments. The "Civil Air Defense Basement Design Code" (GB50038-94) is now approved as a mandatory national standard and will be implemented from May 1, 1995. The original "Civil Air Defense Basement Design Code" (GBJ38-79) was abolished on October 1, 1995. This specification is managed by the Ministry of Construction, and the Ministry of Construction's Architectural Design Institute is responsible for specific interpretation and other work.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
January 13, 1995
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Revision Notes
This specification is based on the requirements of the State Planning Commission's Document No. 30 [1989], edited by the Ministry of Construction, and specifically revised by the Ministry of Construction's Architectural Design Institute in conjunction with relevant design, scientific research and colleges and universities to the national standard "Civil Air Defense Basement Design Specification" (GBJ38-79). It was approved by the Ministry of Construction on January 13, 1995 with Document No. 13 [1995] of the Ministry of Construction, and jointly issued with the State Bureau of Technical Supervision. During the revision process, the code revision group conducted in-depth investigations and studies, carefully summarized the practical experience of my country's air defense basement engineering design, and drew on advanced foreign codes and experiences. At the same time, it conducted special research and experimental verification work on major technical issues, and widely solicited opinions from relevant units across the country. After repeated revisions, the Ministry of Construction and relevant departments reviewed and finalized the draft.
The main contents of this revision are: in accordance with the relevant provisions of the current "Tactical and Technical Requirements for Civilian Air Defense Engineering", the various clauses related to wartime protection requirements and peacetime-war integration have been revised; according to the provisions of the national standard "Unified Standard for Building Structure Design" (GBJ68-84), the structural design adopts the limit state design method based on probability theory; according to the national regulations on early nuclear radiation protection design, the relevant clauses of the early nuclear radiation protection part have been revised; according to the requirements of the "General Symbols, Measurement Units and Basic Terms for Building Structure Design" (GBJ83-85), the symbols, measurement units and basic terms have been revised.
To improve the quality of the specification, if any units find any need for modification or supplementation during the implementation of this specification, please send your opinions and relevant materials to the Underground Building Institute of the Architectural Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction (No. 19, Chegongzhuang Street, Beijing, zip code 100044), and copy to the Civil Air Defense Engineering Office of the Ministry of Construction (zip code 100835) for reference in future revisions.
Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
January 1995
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2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Buildings
General Provisions
Protection against Early Nuclear Radiation
3.3 Main Design
Entrance Design
Auxiliary Room Design
Interior Decoration·
General Provisions ·
Parameter loads and load combinations of ground air shock waves and compression waves in the soil caused by nuclear explosions
4.4 Structural dynamic calculations·
4.5 Standard values of equivalent static loads for common structures+4.6 Internal force analysis and section design
Construction regulations·
Pre-war reinforcement
4.9 Wave absorption system·
5 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
General regulations·
Protective ventilation·
Natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation
Air conditioning
5..． Ventilation of diesel power station and battery room····Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
W.1
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6 Water supply and drainage
6.1 Water supply
6.3 Decontamination
6.4 Water supply, drainage and oil supply of diesel power station
7 Power supply and lighting
General provisions·
Power lines and laying
Power, lighting
Diesel power station
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Appendix G
Symmetrical basic self-vibration circle of common structural members Frequency @ Calculation of suspended slab valve parameters
Main points for design of beamless floor·
Main points for design of reinforced concrete inverted beam..
Calculation of heat transfer of enclosure structure of shallow buried air-raid shelterCalculation of heat transfer of enclosure structure of deep buried air-raid shelter··Explanation of terms used in this specification.
Additional explanation
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1 General Principles
1.0.1 This specification is formulated to correctly implement the construction policy of "long-term persistence, combination of peace and war, comprehensive planning, and key construction" in the design of people's air-raid shelters
(hereinafter referred to as air-raid shelters) and make the design meet the requirements of wartime and peacetime. 2 This specification is applicable to the design of newly built or rebuilt 4, 4B, 5 and 6 types of air-raid shelters.
1.0.3 The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the principle of combining civil air defense construction with urban construction. In terms of plane layout, structural selection, ventilation and moisture-proofing, lighting, water supply and drainage, etc., corresponding measures should be taken to give full play to the combat readiness benefits, social benefits and economic benefits.
4 In addition to implementing this code, the design of air-raid shelters shall also comply with the provisions of the current national standards and specifications.
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Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1Peacetime
Abbreviation for peacetime. A period when a country or region has neither war nor obvious threat of war.
Wartime
Abbreviation for wartime. A period when a country or region enters a state of war until the end of the war.
2.1.3Imminence of war
Abbreviation for the period of imminence of war. The period from when a country or region clearly enters the state of pre-war preparation until the start of the war.
2.1.4Shock
Abbreviation for air shock wave. A longitudinal wave with a strong discontinuity of air parameters formed in the air by a nuclear explosion.
2.1.5Positive pressure of shock wave
Positive pressure of shock waveThe pressure value in the compression zone of the shock wave that exceeds the surrounding atmospheric pressure. 2.1.6Surface positive pressureSurface positive pressureThe peak value of the shock wave overpressure on the outdoor ground of the air-raid shelter. 2.1.7Compressive wave in soilCompressive wave in soilWaves that propagate in the soil and compress it under the action of a nuclear explosion. 2.1.8Dynamic load of nuclear blastDynamic load on the structure of the air-raid shelter formed by the shock wave and the compression wave in the soil generated by the nuclear explosion.
2.1.9 Main part
The part of the air-raid shelter that can meet the requirements of wartime protection and its main functions. For example, the part inside the last closed door of the air-raid shelter with anti-gas requirements. 2.1.10 Clean area (closed area) airtightspace The area in the air-raid shelter that can meet the requirements of anti-poisoning. Engineering Construction 2 Standard Full Text Information System
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2.1.11 Contaminated area (non-closed area) airtightlessSspace
The area in the air-raid shelter that can withstand the predetermined nuclear explosion dynamic load, but allows contamination.
2.1.12 Protective unit protectiveunit In the air-raid shelter, its protective facilities and internal equipment can form a self-contained system of use space.
2.1.13 Anti-bomb unit anti-bombunit In the air-raid shelter, the use space separated by explosion-proof partition walls. 2.1.14 Surrounding structure for civil air
defence
The general term for the top plate, wall and bottom plate of the air-raid shelter that are directly affected by shock waves or compression waves in the soil.
2.1.15 Blastproof partition wall A wall in an air-raid shelter that is directly affected by the shock wave of a nuclear explosion on one side and does not touch rock or soil on the other side.
2.1.16 Gateway
Refers to the connecting part between the main body of the air-raid shelter and the ground surface. It includes passages, shafts, diffusion chambers, closed passages, anti-gas passages, decontamination rooms (simple decontamination rooms), dust removal rooms, gas filtration rooms, etc. other than the entrance and exit protection closed doors.
2.1.17 Main entrance After the wartime air raid, the entrance and exit of personnel or vehicles are more secure and convenient to use.
2.1.18 Protective closed door airtight blastdoor A door that can block both shock waves and toxic agents. 2.1.19 Closed door airtight door
A door used to block the entry of toxic agents.
2.1.20 Attenuating shockwave equipment is a protective facility installed at the air inlet, exhaust outlet and smoke outlet to weaken the shock wave pressure. The wave-absorbing facilities include explosion-proof valves that can automatically close when the shock wave arrives and diffusion chambers or diffusion boxes that use spatial diffusion to weaken the shock wave pressure. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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2.1.21 Gas-filtering room is a special room equipped with ventilation and gas filtering equipment. 2.1.22 Airtight passage is composed of protective airtight doors and airtight doors or between two airtight doors, and only relies on airtight isolation to prevent toxic agents from invading the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, the passage is not allowed for people to enter and exit. 2.1.23 Anti-gas passage air-lock
It is a space between protective closed doors or between two closed doors, with ventilation conditions, relying on overpressure exhaust to prevent poison from invading the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, it is a passage that allows personnel to enter and exit. 2.1.24 Decontamination room Decontamination room A room specially used by poisoned personnel to pass through and remove harmful substances during wartime. Usually composed of a undressing room, a shower room and an inspection dressing room.
2.1.25 Simple decontamination room simpledecontaminationroom
A room for poisoned personnel to remove harmful substances from their local skin. 2.1.26 Gateway building
A ground building built above the diverging section of the outdoor entrance and exit passage of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.27 Collapse proof shed Collapse proof shed A shed set above the diverging section of the entrance and exit to prevent the mouth from being blocked. The scaffolding will not collapse under the action of the predetermined shock wave and the collapse load of the ground building. 2.1.28 Effective floor area for civil air defense is the area that can be used by personnel and equipment. Its value is the difference between the building area and the structural area of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.29 Sheltering area is the effective area for personnel to shelter. Its value is the area after deducting the areas of the following parts from the effective area of the air-raid shelter: ① the area of the entrance room and the passage;
② the area of the professional equipment room such as ventilation, water supply and drainage, power supply, etc.; ③ the area of the toilet and the bathroom.
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2.2 Symbols
△P——Nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure;--Maximum overpressure of nuclear explosion ground shock wave;Pm
-Maximum pressure of compression wave at depth h in the soil;Ph
Dynamic load of nuclear explosion ground shock wave acting on the structure;--Uniformly distributed equivalent static load of structural components;Pressure transmitted from flat door leaf to door frame wall;qi
Time of positive pressure action of ground shock wave;
Time of compression wave pressure rise in soil;
Time of ground shock wave pressure rise =Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by line; Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by ground shock wave according to equal impulse; Initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Strain recovery ratio of soil;
Velocity ratio;
-Comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; Lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-Dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——Permissible ductility ratio of structural member. —Comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-Gas content of saturated soil.
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Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsosO.coI14 Defense enclosure for civil air The general term for the roof, wall and floor of an air-raid shelter that is directly affected by the shock wave or the compression wave in the soil.
2.1.15 Blastproof partition wall The wall of an air-raid shelter that is directly affected by the shock wave of a nuclear explosion on one side and does not touch the rock or soil on the other side.
2.1.16 Gateway Refers to the connection between the main body of the air-raid shelter and the ground surface. It includes passages, shafts, diffusion chambers, closed passages, anti-gas passages, decontamination rooms (simple decontamination rooms), dust removal rooms, gas filtration rooms, etc. other than the entrance and exit protection closed doors.
2.1.17 Main entrance The entrance and exit that is more secure for personnel or vehicles to enter and exit after the wartime air raid and is more convenient to use.
2.1.18 Airtight blastdoor A door that can block both shock waves and poisonous agents. 2.1.19 Airtight door
A door used to block the entry of poisonous agents.
2.1.20 Attenuating shockwave equipment A protective facility installed at the air inlet, exhaust outlet, and smoke outlet to weaken the pressure of shock waves. Attenuating shockwave equipment includes blast wave valves that can automatically close when shock waves arrive and diffusion chambers or diffusion boxes that use spatial diffusion to weaken the pressure of shock waves. Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
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2.1.21 Gas-filtering room A special room equipped with ventilation and gas-filtering equipment. 2.1.22 Airtight passage A closed space formed by a protective closed door or between two closed doors, and only relies on the closed isolation effect to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that does not allow people to enter and exit. 2.1.23 Anti-poison passage air-lock
It is formed by a protective closed door or between two closed doors, with ventilation conditions, and relies on overpressure exhaust to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that allows people to enter and exit. 2.1.24 Decontamination room A room specially used for poisoned personnel to pass through and remove harmful substances during wartime. Usually composed of a undressing room, a shower room and an inspection dressing room.
2.1.25 Simple decontamination room simpledecontamination room
A room for poisoned personnel to remove harmful substances from their local skin. 2.1.26 Gateway building
A ground building built above the diffused section of the outdoor entrance and exit passage of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.27 Collapse proof shed A shed set above the diffused section of the entrance and exit to prevent the entrance from being blocked. The shed will not collapse under the action of the predetermined shock wave and the collapse load of the ground building. 2.1.28 Effective floor area for civil air defense The area that can be used by personnel and equipment. Its value is the difference between the building area and the structural area of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.29 Sheltering area The effective area for personnel to shelter. Its value is the area after deducting the following areas from the effective area of the air-raid shelter: ① The area of the entrance room and passage,
② The area of the professional equipment room such as ventilation, water supply and drainage, power supply, etc.; ③ The area of the toilet and the bathroom.
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2.2 Symbols
△P——Nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure;--The maximum overpressure of nuclear explosion ground shock wave; Pm
-The maximum pressure of compression wave at a depth of h in the soil; Ph
The dynamic load of nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure;--The uniformly distributed equivalent static load of structural components; The pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the door leaf of a flat door; qi
The positive pressure action time of the ground shock wave;
The pressure rise time of compression wave in the soil;
The ground shock wave cut =Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by line; Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by ground shock wave according to equal impulse; Initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Strain recovery ratio of soil;
Velocity ratio;
-Comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; Lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-Dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——Permissible ductility ratio of structural member. —Comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-Gas content of saturated soil.
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3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsosO.coI14 Defense enclosure for civil air The general term for the roof, wall and floor of an air-raid shelter that is directly affected by the shock wave or the compression wave in the soil.
2.1.15 Blastproof partition wall The wall of an air-raid shelter that is directly affected by the shock wave of a nuclear explosion on one side and does not touch the rock or soil on the other side.
2.1.16 Gateway Refers to the connection between the main body of the air-raid shelter and the ground surface. It includes passages, shafts, diffusion chambers, closed passages, anti-gas passages, decontamination rooms (simple decontamination rooms), dust removal rooms, gas filtration rooms, etc. other than the entrance and exit protection closed doors.
2.1.17 Main entrance The entrance and exit that is more secure for personnel or vehicles to enter and exit after the wartime air raid and is more convenient to use.
2.1.18 Airtight blastdoor A door that can block both shock waves and poisonous agents. 2.1.19 Airtight door
A door used to block the entry of poisonous agents.
2.1.20 Attenuating shockwave equipment A protective facility installed at the air inlet, exhaust outlet, and smoke outlet to weaken the pressure of shock waves. Attenuating shockwave equipment includes blast wave valves that can automatically close when shock waves arrive and diffusion chambers or diffusion boxes that use spatial diffusion to weaken the pressure of shock waves. Engineering Construction Standards Full-text Information System
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2.1.21 Gas-filtering room A special room equipped with ventilation and gas-filtering equipment. 2.1.22 Airtight passage A closed space formed by a protective closed door or between two closed doors, and only relies on the closed isolation effect to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that does not allow people to enter and exit. 2.1.23 Anti-poison passage air-lock
It is formed by a protective closed door or between two closed doors, with ventilation conditions, and relies on overpressure exhaust to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that allows people to enter and exit. 2.1.24 Decontamination room A room specially used for poisoned personnel to pass through and remove harmful substances during wartime. Usually composed of a undressing room, a shower room and an inspection dressing room.
2.1.25 Simple decontamination room simpledecontamination room
A room for poisoned personnel to remove harmful substances from their local skin. 2.1.26 Gateway building
A ground building built above the diffused section of the outdoor entrance and exit passage of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.27 Collapse proof shed A shed set above the diffused section of the entrance and exit to prevent the entrance from being blocked. The shed will not collapse under the action of the predetermined shock wave and the collapse load of the ground building. 2.1.28 Effective floor area for civil air defense The area that can be used by personnel and equipment. Its value is the difference between the building area and the structural area of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.29 Sheltering area The effective area for personnel to shelter. Its value is the area after deducting the following areas from the effective area of the air-raid shelter: ① The area of the entrance room and passage,
② The area of the professional equipment room such as ventilation, water supply and drainage, power supply, etc.; ③ The area of the toilet and the bathroom.
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2.2 Symbols
△P——Nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure;--The maximum overpressure of nuclear explosion ground shock wave; Pm
-The maximum pressure of compression wave at a depth of h in the soil; Ph
The dynamic load of nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure;--The uniformly distributed equivalent static load of structural components; The pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the door leaf of a flat door; qi
The positive pressure action time of the ground shock wave;
The pressure rise time of compression wave in the soil;
The ground shock wave cut =Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by line; Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by ground shock wave according to equal impulse; Initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Strain recovery ratio of soil;
Velocity ratio;
-Comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; Lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-Dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——Permissible ductility ratio of structural member. —Comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-Gas content of saturated soil.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
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2.1.21 Gas-filteringroom A special room equipped with ventilation and gas-filtering equipment. 2.1.22 Airtightpassage A closed space formed by a protective closed door or two closed doors, and only relies on the closed isolation effect to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that does not allow people to enter and exit. 2.1.23 Anti-gas passage air-lock
It is formed by a protective closed door or two closed doors, with ventilation conditions, and relies on overpressure exhaust to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that allows people to enter and exit. 2.1.24 Decontaminationroom A room dedicated to the passage of poisoned personnel and the removal of harmful substances during wartime. Usually composed of a undressing room, a shower room and an inspection dressing room.
2.1.25 Simple decontamination room
A room for infected personnel to remove harmful substances from their local skin. 2.1.26 Gateway building
A ground building built above the diverging section of the outdoor entrance and exit passage of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.27 Collapse proof shed A shed set above the diverging section of the entrance and exit to prevent the mouth from being blocked. The shed will not collapse under the action of the predetermined shock wave and the collapse load of the ground building. 2.1.28 Effective floor area for civil air defense The area that can be used by personnel and equipment. Its value is the difference between the building area and the structural area of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.29 Sheltering area The effective area used for personnel shelter. Its value is the area after deducting the following areas from the effective area of the air-raid shelter: ① the area of the entrance room and passageway,
② the area of the rooms for professional equipment such as ventilation, water supply and drainage, and power supply; ③ the area of the toilet and washroom.
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
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2.2 Symbols
△P——Nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure;--The maximum overpressure of the nuclear explosion ground shock wave; Pm
--The maximum pressure of the compression wave at a depth of h in the soil; Ph
The dynamic load of the nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure;--The uniformly distributed equivalent static load of the structural components; The pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the flat door leaf; qi
The positive pressure action time of the ground shock wave;
The pressure rise time of the compression wave in the soil;
The ground shock wave cut =Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by line; Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by ground shock wave according to equal impulse; Initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Strain recovery ratio of soil;
Velocity ratio;
-Comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; Lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-Dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——Permissible ductility ratio of structural member. —Comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-Gas content of saturated soil.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsosO.coIcoI Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
2.1.21 Gas-filteringroom A special room equipped with ventilation and gas-filtering equipment. 2.1.22 Airtightpassage A closed space formed by a protective closed door or two closed doors, and only relies on the closed isolation effect to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that does not allow people to enter and exit. 2.1.23 Anti-gas passage air-lock
It is formed by a protective closed door or two closed doors, with ventilation conditions, and relies on overpressure exhaust to prevent the invasion of toxic agents into the room. In the case of outdoor poisoning, a passage that allows people to enter and exit. 2.1.24 Decontaminationroom A room dedicated to the passage of poisoned personnel and the removal of harmful substances during wartime. Usually composed of a undressing room, a shower room and an inspection dressing room.
2.1.25 Simple decontamination room
A room for infected personnel to remove harmful substances from their local skin. 2.1.26 Gateway building
A ground building built above the diverging section of the outdoor entrance and exit passage of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.27 Collapse proof shed A shed set above the diverging section of the entrance and exit to prevent the mouth from being blocked. The shed will not collapse under the action of the predetermined shock wave and the collapse load of the ground building. 2.1.28 Effective floor area for civil air defense The area that can be used by personnel and equipment. Its value is the difference between the building area and the structural area of the air-raid shelter.
2.1.29 Sheltering area The effective area used for personnel shelter. Its value is the area after deducting the following areas from the effective area of the air-raid shelter: ① the area of the entrance room and passageway,
② the area of the rooms for professional equipment such as ventilation, water supply and drainage, and power supply; ③ the area of the toilet and washroom.
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
W.bzsosO.coI Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
2.2 Symbols
△P——Nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure;--The maximum overpressure of the nuclear explosion ground shock wave; Pm
--The maximum pressure of the compression wave at a depth of h in the soil; Ph
The dynamic load of the nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure;--The uniformly distributed equivalent static load of the structural components; The pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the flat door leaf; qi
The positive pressure action time of the ground shock wave;
The pressure rise time of the compression wave in the soil;
The ground shock wave cut =Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by line; Equivalent normal pressure action time simplified by ground shock wave according to equal impulse; Initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-Strain recovery ratio of soil;
Velocity ratio;
-Comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; Lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-Dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——Permissible ductility ratio of structural member. —Comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-Gas content of saturated soil.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsosO.coI2 Symbols
△P——nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure; - maximum nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure; Pm
- maximum pressure of compression wave at depth h in the soil; Ph
dynamic load of nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure; - uniformly distributed equivalent static load of structural components; pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the door leaf of a flat door; qi
positive pressure action time of ground shock wave;
pressure rise time of compression wave in the soil;
equivalent positive pressure action of ground shock wave simplified by tangent time; equivalent normal pressure action time of ground shock wave simplified by equal impulse; initial pressure wave velocity of soil;
-peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-strain recovery ratio of soil;
wave velocity ratio;
-comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——allowable ductility ratio of structural member. —comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-gas content of saturated soil.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
W.bzsosO.coI2 Symbols
△P——nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure; - maximum nuclear explosion ground shock wave overpressure; Pm
- maximum pressure of compression wave at depth h in the soil; Ph
dynamic load of nuclear explosion ground shock wave on the structure; - uniformly distributed equivalent static load of structural components; pressure transmitted to the door frame wall by the door leaf of a flat door; qi
positive pressure action time of ground shock wave;
pressure rise time of compression wave in the soil;
equivalent positive pressure action of ground shock wave simplified by tangent time; equivalent normal pressure action time of ground shock wave simplified by equal impulse; initial pressure wave velocity of soil; wwW.bzxz.Net
-peak pressure wave velocity of soil;
-strain recovery ratio of soil;
wave velocity ratio;
-comprehensive reflection coefficient of compression wave in soil acting on the top plate of structure; lateral pressure coefficient of soil under nuclear explosion dynamic load; bottom pressure coefficient of integral foundation under nuclear explosion dynamic load; Ka
-dynamic coefficient of structural member;
[β]——allowable ductility ratio of structural member. —comprehensive adjustment coefficient of material strength under nuclear explosion dynamic load; a
-gas content of saturated soil.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
3 Architecture
3.1 General Provisions
3.1.1 The location, scale, and wartime and peacetime uses of air-raid shelters should be planned in combination with civil air defense construction and urban construction, and the above-ground and underground should be comprehensively considered and arranged.
3.1.2 Air-raid shelters for sheltering personnel should be arranged in a suitable location where personnel live and work, and their service radius should not be greater than 200m. 3.1.3 The distance between air-raid shelters and Class A and Class B flammable and explosive production plants and warehouses should not be less than 50m; the distance to storage tanks for harmful liquids and highly toxic gases should not be less than 100m. 3.1.4 According to the needs of use in wartime and peacetime, air-raid shelters should be connected within a certain range.
3.1.5 The layout of outdoor entrances and exits, air inlets, exhaust vents, smoke exhaust vents and ventilation and lighting windows of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for use in wartime and peacetime and the requirements for ground building planning.
3 Pipes unrelated to air-raid shelters should not pass through civil air defense enclosures. When it is necessary to pass through the top plate due to conditions, only water supply, heating, and air conditioning refrigerant pipes are allowed to pass through, and their nominal diameters shall not exceed 75mm. All pipes entering the air-raid shelter and the civil air defense enclosures they pass through shall be protected and sealed. 3.1.7 The air intake and exhaust fan rooms, water pump rooms and other rooms that generate noise and vibration shall take corresponding sound insulation and vibration reduction measures according to the intensity of their noise and the use requirements of the surrounding rooms.
The design of air-raid shelters shall comply with the requirements for protection and use functions in wartime, and the combined peacetime and wartime projects shall meet the requirements for peacetime use. When the peacetime use requirements are inconsistent with the wartime protection requirements, the design shall take measures to convert peacetime and wartime functions. The conversion measures taken should be able to complete the functional conversion of the air-raid shelter within the specified time. 3.1.9 The design of the air-raid shelter with anti-poisoning requirements should divide the contaminated area and the clean area according to the wartime function and protection requirements. The contaminated area should include the following rooms or passages: Engineering Construction 6 Standard Full Text Information System
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