This standard specifies the visual design principles for graphic symbols used in signs. This standard applies to graphic symbols used in signs, including symbols used for public information, safety, transportation, packaging and transportation, etc. GB/T 14543-1993 Visual design principles for graphic symbols used in signs GB/T14543-1993 standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net
This standard specifies the visual design principles for graphic symbols used in signs. This standard applies to graphic symbols used in signs, including symbols used for public information, safety, transportation, packaging and transportation, etc.

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Principles for the visual design of graphic symbols for use on signs 1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies the visual design principles of graphic symbols for use on signs. GB/T 14543-93
This standard applies to graphic symbols for use on signs (hereinafter referred to as symbols), including symbols used for public information, safety, transportation, packaging and transportation, etc.
2 Referenced standards
GB 7093. 1 Rules for the representation of graphic symbolsWww.bzxZ.net
Rules for the representation of graphic symbols
GB 7093. 4E
3 Terminology
Graphic symbols for use on signs
3.1 Graphic symbol elements A graphic symbol element constitutes a relatively independent component of the image content of a symbol. A symbol can be composed of one or several elements (see Figure 1). 3.2 Graphical symbol detail The smallest recognizable unit that constitutes a graphic symbol element, which is composed of lines, surfaces, etc. (see Figure 2). 3.3 Graphical symbol sigrificant detail The details that play a key role in the understanding of the symbol or the completion of the symbol image in the symbol image content.
Approved by the State Administration of Technical Supervision on June 10, 1993
Implementation on June 1, 1994
4 Functions of signs
Signs generally indicate the following functions:
GB/T 14543—93
Prohibition: prohibiting people from doing certain actions that they are about to do, warning people to beware of possible dangers! b.
Instruction: force people to do something;
Restriction: restrict people's behavior; Prompt: provide people with some information, such as marking facilities, places, or indicating directions. 5 Contents to be determined before designing symbols
The meaning of the symbol:
The function of the symbol and the shape of the symbol, the color of the border image and the background;
Whether the symbol is also used in printed materials (maps, charts, small books, guides, layout drawings, etc.). d.
6 Design principles
6.1 The principles specified in GB 7093.1 and GB 7093.4 should be followed. 6.2 The symbol design must be clear and eye-catching.
6.3 The symbol should be composed of elements that play a key role in expressing information, and the number of elements should be as small as possible. 6.4 The elements should be composed of details that play a key role in expressing information, and other unnecessary details should be avoided. 6.5 Avoid using objects that may change with fashion and whose appearance may change as elements and details of symbols. 6.6 When selecting elements that make up a symbol, try to select common images. If it is not necessary, do not choose special images. 6.7 The length and width of the symbol should be as close as possible, and the maximum length-to-width ratio should not exceed 4:1. This principle should be considered when used in combination with a slash to express a negative meaning.
6.8 The image of the symbol should be in the form of large areas and thick lines. 6.9 Solid enclosures should be used.
6.10 All symbols designed for a certain application field should maintain a consistent style. 7 Design method
7. 1 Design grid
Figure 3 shows four design grids with different geometric shapes. These grids are composed of squares with a line spacing of 5mm (see Figure 3). The ratio of the length of the side or diameter of various geometric shapes is square: oblique square: circle: right triangle = 20: 20: 22: 28.7.2 Symbol design
GB/T14543-93
7.2.1 The symbols used on signs of different geometric shapes should be designed in their corresponding grids. If the sign has a border, the border and the symbol should be placed together in the grid.
7.2.2 The graphics designed in the grid should be symmetrical, substantial, and as symmetrical as possible, and the visual center of gravity should be appropriately located. 7.2.3 The straight outline of the symbol should coincide with or be parallel to the following lines as far as possible: a.
grid squeeze line,
45° oblique line formed by connecting the intersection points of the grid lines: any oblique line formed by connecting the existing intersection points on the grid and the intersection points formed by the above 45° oblique lines, 7.2.4 The curved outline of the symbol can be completed by connecting arc line segments, which should be related to any possible intersection points or grid lines.
7.2.5 The important details of the symbol should not be less than 1 square width; the minimum distance between the outline of the derivative symbol and the inner edge of the border or the edge of the geometric shape should not be less than 1.5 square widths. Without affecting the aesthetics, the minimum distance between the details of the symbol should not be less than 1/3 square width.
Note: The width of the border is between 1 and 2 square widths. 7.3 Symbol combination
GB/T 1454393
7.3.1 Standardized symbols or symbol elements should be used as much as possible to design new combination symbols (see Figure 4). 7.3.2 Existing generally accepted logos can be used to design symbols (see Figure 5). 7.3.3 When combining symbols, the original symbols (elements) that constitute the new symbol can be appropriately modified according to 7.4.1, but the form of the original symbol should be maintained as much as possible. 7.4 Symbol modification
A symbol can be used in a given application field by modifying its form. 7.4.1 When using existing symbols, in order to ensure the consistency of the symbol style of the same symbol system or to facilitate combination, some necessary changes can be made to the shape of some symbols (see Figure 6) and the details of the symbol shape (see Figure 7). Figure 6
GR/T14543—93
7.4.2 When using symbols of other geometric shapes, and when the geometric shape of the symbol is changed according to the proportional relationship to give a new meaning, it is often necessary to make necessary modifications to the symbol graphics (see Figure 8). Figure 8
7.4.3 When the symbol is used in printed matter, it should be considered that the clarity of the symbol can be guaranteed when it is reduced to a nominal size of less than 10mm. If necessary, the image of the symbol should be modified, omitting some details in the original symbol and giving a simplified form. However, the recognition of the symbol should not be affected (see Figure 9). Figure 9
7.4.4 When a symbol with a light background and dark graphics is changed to a dark background and light graphics, the necessary modifications need to be made to the convex lines of the symbol (see 7.6.3).
GB/T 14543—93
7.4.5 When adding a slash to a symbol to indicate a negative meaning, if it has a significant impact on the original symbol's meaning, the original symbol should be modified.
7.5 Symbol Direction
7. 5.1 The designed symbol should try to be free of directional and implicit directional characteristics. 7.5.2 If it is necessary to give directionality or it is unavoidable, the designed symbol should not affect its meaning after its direction is changed. 7.5.3 In the specific design, it is necessary to avoid the directionality of the symbol or the implicit direction in the symbol being inconsistent with the direction of the directional arrow. 7.6 Contrast
7.6.1 The designed symbol should ensure sufficient contrast. 7.6.2 The contrast relationship between the figure and the background can sometimes be reversed, such as changing from a light background and a dark image to a dark background and a light image. 7.6.3 When using negative contrast (dark background and light figure), pay attention to the effect of light bleeding on the clarity of the figure. In this case, the line width should be reduced as appropriate, especially for symbols with transmitted illumination. It is recommended to reduce the line width by 1/5 compared to the normal line width. Additional remarks:
This standard was proposed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Graphic Symbols. This standard was drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and Information Classification and Coding. The drafter of this standard is Zhang Xin.
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