Some standard content:
NY/T219—2003
This standard replaces NY/T219—1992 "Concentrating Solar Cookers". The main revisions of this standard to the previous version are as follows: thermal efficiency is changed to light efficiency, and the index is changed from 55% to 65%; - Added index requirements for rated power; The test conditions are modified.
Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix.
This standard is proposed by the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture. The drafting units of this standard: Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Energy Research Institute, Gansu Rural Energy Office, Aiyi Energy Environmental Protection Technology Development Company, Jiangsu Yancheng Boiler Factory. The main drafters of this standard: Chen Xiaofu, Gao Yuanchao, Sha Yongling, Zheng Xiaoqing, Luo Longhua, Ding Ming This standard was first issued in 1992, and this is the first revision. 1 Scope
Concentrating Solar Cookers
This standard specifies the product classification, technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules of concentrating solar cookers. NY/T 219—2003
This standard applies to parabolic concentrating solar cookers with basically horizontal pans, and other concentrating solar cookers may refer to it for implementation. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated references, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, parties that reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For any undated referenced document, the latest version shall apply to this standard GB/T191 Graphical marking for packaging, storage and transportation
GB/T2705-1992 Classification, naming and model of coating products Fusion welding of metal materials
GB/T12467.1~12467.4—1998 Welding quality requirements GB/T13384 General technical conditions for packaging of electromechanical products QB/T1957—1994 Aluminum pot
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
focusing solar cooker
focusing solar cooker
focusing solar cooker (hereinafter referred to as solar cooker) is a device that uses a rotating parabola to reflect and concentrate direct solar radiation energy for cooking. It is generally composed of a cooker body, a pot rack, a pot ring, a cooker rack and a tracking adjustment mechanism. 3.2
Cooker body
The part of the solar cooker that collects and concentrates direct solar radiation, consisting of the cooker shell and the reflective material on its surface. 3.3
Main ray axis
The straight line connecting the origin and focus of the parabola cooker body. 3.4
Utilized focus
The distance between the center of the pot ring and the center of the projection of the pot ring on the cooker body when the main ray axis of the solar cooker is parallel to the sunlight. 3.5
Intercepting area
The vertical projection area of the cooker body when the main ray axis of the solar cooker is parallel to the sunlight. 3.6
Operational height
The distance from the center of the pot ring to the ground plane when the solar cooker is in use. 3.7
operational distance
operational distance
horizontal distance from the center of the pot ring to the rear edge of the stove body when the solar cooker is in use. NY/T219—2003
utilized solar altitude anglerangeutilized solar altitude anglerangeThe solar altitude angle that can be utilized by the solar cooker when in use. 3.9
optical efficiency
When the heat loss is zero, the ratio of the energy absorbed by the solar cooker test pot to the direct solar radiation vertically projected onto the cut-off area. 3.10
rating power
The energy obtained by the solar cooker test pot per unit time under the condition of direct solar irradiance of 700W/m2. 4 Specifications and markings
4.1 Specifications
The specifications of the solar cooker are divided according to the cut-off area. The priority series and corresponding focal lengths are shown in Table 1. Table 1
Cross-sectional area/m2
Focal length/mmwww.bzxz.net
4.2 Marking
5501600
4.2.1 The marking of solar cooker products consists of two parts: technical characteristics and improvement serial number, which are expressed in uppercase Latin letters and Arabic numerals. 4.2.2 Symbols and meanings of technical characteristics
4.2.2.1 The first letter is P to represent the rotating parabolic solar cooker. The second letter represents the cooker shell material, which is generally represented by the first letter of the Chinese pinyin of the material name. In case of repetition or encountering letters 1, 4. 2.2.2
O, X, the first letter of the second word can be used. The commonly used cooker shell material markings are shown in Table 2. Table 2
Fiberglass
Concrete
The third letter represents the structural characteristics of the solar cooker, see Table 3. Table 3
Folding type
Box type
Magnesium composite material
Spreading (ordinary) type
Automatic tracking type
4.2.2.4 The cut-off area of the solar cooker shall be expressed in Arabic numerals with one decimal place reserved. The unit shall be square meter (m2). 4.2.3 The improvement serial number is indicated in Arabic numerals and separated from the technical characteristics by a short dash "_\". 4.2.4 Marking example
indicates the second improvement
indicates the light-cutting area is 2.0m2
indicates the structure is open (ordinary) type
indicates the shell material is cast iron
indicates a rotating parabola
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Performance indicators of solar cookers
5.1.1 Light efficiency is not less than 65%.
5.1.2 Rated power is not less than 455W/m2. NY/T 219—2003
5.1.3 The spot area of the temperature zone above 400℃ at the center of the pot ring shall not be less than 50cm2 and not more than 200cm, with neat edges and round or elliptical shape.
5.2 Structural dimensions of solar cookers
5.2.1 The maximum operating height shall not exceed 1.25m. 5.2.2 The maximum operating distance shall not exceed 0.80m. 5.2.3 Solar cookers with a cross-sectional area of more than 2.5m2 are not subject to the restrictions of 5.1.3, 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. 5.2.4 The minimum operating altitude angle shall not exceed 25°. 5.2.5 The maximum operating distance shall not exceed 0.80m. The elevation angle is not less than 70°
5.2.6 Within the elevation angle range, the inclination between the pot ring and the horizontal plane is not greater than 5°. 5.2.7 For automatic tracking solar cookers, the tracking angle error shall not exceed ±2°. 5.3 The reflective material of the solar cooker is required to have a high mirror reflectivity (aluminum-plated film is not less than 0.80, other reflective materials are not less than 0.72), good wear resistance and aging resistance.
5.4 The cooker surface should be smooth and flat, without cracks and damage, and the reflective material should be well pasted. The flexible reflective material should not be wrinkled, and there should be no more than 3 raised parts per square meter, and the area of each part should not exceed 4cm 2. The gap between the two glass mirrors should not exceed 1mm, and the edges should be neat and without damage. 5.5 Welding parts should comply with the provisions of GB/T12467.1~12467.4. 5.6 The paint surface should be smooth, uniform, consistent in color, and have strong adhesion and anti-aging properties. 5.7 The stove shell and the support frame should match after installation and the connection should be tight. 5.8 The altitude and azimuth adjustment mechanisms should be easy to operate, accurate in tracking, stable and reliable. 6 Structural inspection method
Use focal length
Adjust the solar cooker so that the main optical axis is parallel to the sunlight, and use a steel tape measure or steel ruler to measure the distance from the center of the pot ring to the pot ring on the stove body.
6.2 Cut-off area
Adjust the solar cooker. When the main optical axis of the solar cooker is parallel to the sun's rays, measure the total projected area within the outer contour of the cooker on the ground plane and multiply it by the sine value of the solar altitude angle at this time. 6.3 Maximum operating height
Adjust the pot ring of the solar cooker to the highest position and use a steel tape measure or steel ruler to measure the distance from the center plane of the pot ring to the ground plane. 6.4 Maximum operating distance
When the rear edge of the cooker body is adjusted to the maximum horizontal distance from the pot ring, use a steel tape measure or steel ruler to measure the horizontal distance from the center of the pot ring to the rear edge of the cooker body.
6.5 Use altitude angle
6.5.1 The use altitude angle of the solar cooker can be measured with a protractor, and the measurement error shall not exceed ±2°. 6.5.2 Adjust the cooker body forward to the extreme position. At this time, the angle between the line between the center of the pot ring and the center of the projection of the pot ring on the cooker body and the horizontal plane is the minimum use altitude angle.
6.5.3 Tilt the stove body backward to the extreme position. At this time, the angle between the line between the center of the pot ring and the projection center of the pot ring on the stove body and the horizontal plane is the maximum use altitude angle. 3
NY/T219—2003
6.6 Light spot performance
6.6.1 The light spot performance is measured using a temperature measuring plate. The temperature measuring plate is an ordinary steel plate with a thickness of 0.5mm and a diameter of 250mm. One side is painted with matte black paint (facing down) and the other side is painted with 400℃ temperature indicating paint (facing up). 6.6.2 Adjust the solar cooker so that the sunlight converges at the center of the pot ring, and quickly place the temperature measuring plate on the pot ring. When the test time reaches 90s, remove the temperature measuring plate, observe the shape of the light spot and calculate the area of the temperature zone above 400℃. 6.7 Tracking mechanism
Place a 24 cm daily aluminum pot on the pot ring, with the water surface in the pot 20 mm away from the pot edge. Within the use range of the solar cooker, adjust the tracking mechanism and observe its stability and reliability.
Performance test method
7.1 Test conditions
7.1.1 During the test, no external shadow shall fall on the solar cooker, nor shall any other surface reflect or radiate energy fall on the solar cooker. The test apparatus is shown in Figure 1.
Thermometer;
Test pot;
Pot stand;
4-—Cooker body;
Adjustment mechanism;
Base;
Measurement of ambient temperature;
Direct solar radiation meter.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of solar cooker test
7.1.2 During the test, the direct solar irradiance shall not be less than 600W/m2, and the fluctuation range shall not exceed 100W/m2.7.1.3 During the test, the ambient temperature shall be between 15℃ and 35℃, and the wind speed shall not exceed 2m/s. 7.1.4 During the test, the solar altitude angle shall be above 35°. 7.2 Test instruments, meters and measurements
7.2.1 Direct solar radiation
7.2.1.1 Direct solar irradiance and cumulative direct solar irradiance can be measured by a direct radiometer equipped with a secondary instrument. The direct radiometer must be calibrated according to regulations during use. 7.2.1.2
7.2.1.3
The time constant of the direct radiometer shall be less than 5S. 7.2.1.4 The instrument error of the direct radiation radiometer shall not exceed ±2%. 7.2.1.5 The instrument error of the secondary instrument shall not exceed ±1%. 7.2.1.6 If the direct solar radiation radiometer does not have an automatic tracking device, it shall be tracked manually at least once every 5 minutes. 7.2.2 Temperature
7.2.2.1 Temperature measurement can be measured by mercury thermometer or thermoelectric thermometer. 7.2.2.2 The thermometer shall be calibrated and the error shall not exceed ±0.2℃. NY/T 219—2003
7.2.2.3 When measuring the ambient temperature, the thermometer shall be placed in a louver box 1m~1.5m high from the test ground or in an environment equivalent to the louver box conditions, within 15m from the solar cooker. 7.2.2.4 When measuring the water temperature, the thermometer shall be placed in the center of the pot, immersed in the water at a depth of one-third of the water bottom. 7.2.3 Wind speed
7.2.3.1 Wind speed can be measured by a cup anemometer or a self-counting telegraph anemometer. 7.2.3.2 The anemometer error shall not exceed ±0.5 m/s. 7.2.3.3 The anemometer shall be placed near the same height as the solar cooker pot and within 5m from the center of the solar cooker pot rack. 7.2.4 Pots and water
7.2.4.1 The pot is a daily aluminum pot with a diameter of 24cm (QB/T1957-1994), and the outer surface of the pot bottom is coated with blackboard paint (code 84) specified in GB/T2705--1992.
7.2.4.2 The water quality shall be clean and transparent. The water consumption shall be tested at 2kg per square meter of cross-sectional area, and the maximum shall not exceed 5kg. 7.2.4.3 The water volume can be measured by a platform scale, and the error shall not exceed ±5g. 7.3 Test steps and data processing
7.3.1 Test steps
7.3.1.1 Fill the aluminum pot with water according to the requirements of 7.2.4.2, and then place the thermometer in the water and record it according to the requirements of 7.2.2.4. The initial water temperature is 10℃ lower than the ambient temperature, and the final water temperature is 10℃±1℃ higher than the ambient temperature. 7.3.1.2 During the test, record the direct solar irradiance and wind speed every 2 minutes. Manual tracking solar cooker focuses at least once every 5 minutes.
7.3.1.3 When the water temperature reaches the specified final temperature, record the time and cumulative direct solar irradiance, and at the same time, take the aluminum pot down and use the thermometer to quickly stir the water and measure it, and then record the water temperature. 7.3.2 Data processing
7.3.2.1 The light efficiency of the solar cooker is calculated according to formula (1). Where:
solar cooker light efficiency, %;
m—water volume, in kilograms (kg);
mc(t2wire) × 100%
c——specific heat of water, in kilojoules per kilogram degrees Celsius [kJ/kg·℃)], final water temperature, in degrees Celsius (℃); te
t:——initial water temperature, in degrees Celsius (℃); H—accumulated direct solar radiation, in kilojoules per square meter (kJ/m); A. —solar cooker cross-sectional area, in square meters (m2). 7.3.2.2 When the relative error of the measurement results is less than 5% when measured twice in the same way, the average value is taken as the solar cooker light efficiency. 7.3.2.3 The rated power of the solar cooker is calculated by substituting the data obtained in 7.3.2.2 into formula (2). p = 700mAc
Where:
Rated power of solar cooker, in watts (W). · (1)
(2)
NY/T219—2003
8 Inspection rules
8.1 Products must pass the inspection before leaving the factory, and a product certificate must be attached. 8.2 Product inspection is divided into factory inspection and type inspection. 8.2.1 Factory inspection refers to appearance inspection and adjustment inspection, and the results should meet the requirements of 5.4 to 5.8. 8.2.2 Type inspection includes structural inspection and thermal performance test. Structural inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 6, and performance test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 7, and the results shall meet the requirements of 5.1 and 5.2. 8.2.3 The product shall be subject to type inspection in the following cases: when the product is put into production for the first time;
b) when the product design, process or materials used change and affect the product performance; when the product is transferred or the production is resumed after a suspension period of more than one year;
c)
under normal production conditions, the product is subject to regular and comprehensive inspection;
when the national quality supervision agency proposes the requirement of type inspection. e)
8.2.4 The samples for type inspection shall be randomly sampled from each batch of products inspected before leaving the factory for inspection at 2% (no less than 2 units each time). If any item fails, the sample shall be doubled for re-inspection. If there is still one item that fails, the production shall be stopped, measures shall be taken and the production can be resumed and shipped only after passing the inspection.
8.2.5 The test unit shall provide a formal inspection report for type inspection. The report format is shown in Appendix A. 9 Marking, packaging, storage
9.1 Marking
9.1.1 The solar cooker should be provided with clear and indelible markings in obvious locations. 9.1.2 The markings should include the following:
Manufacturer name, product name, trademark, model; a)
b) Manufacturing date and publication number;
c) Overall dimensions;
d) Rated power.
9.2 Packaging
9.2.1 The packaging box of the solar cooker should comply with the provisions of GB/T13384, and its indication marks should comply with the provisions of GB/T191. , when the solar cooker is transported over short distances, simple packaging is allowed provided that the product is not damaged. 9.2.2
Documents provided with the product:
Product certificate;
b) Product manual;
Packing list;
d) Repair reflective material spare parts and repair method instructions; e) Product warranty.
9.3 Storage
The product should be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse. During storage, the cooker body should be kept upright to avoid deformation. Test unit
Date of manufacture
1. Test instruments and meters
Instrument name
2. Cookware
3. Test conditions
Ambient temperature range
Direct solar irradiance range
4.Structural test results
Shell material
Using focal length
Maximum operating altitude
Light spot area
Using altitude angle range
Tracking mechanism mode
Outline dimensions
Appendix A
(Informative Appendix)
Example of structural test and performance test report of concentrated solar cooker Structure test and performance test report of concentrated solar cooker Model and trademark
Test date
Table 1 Test instruments and meters
Verification unit
Altitude
Wind speed range
Reflective material
Cut-off area
Maximum operating distance
Light spot shape
Tracking status
NY/T219-—2003
Verification date
NY/T 219—2003
5.Performance test results
Average ambient temperature
Initial water temperature
End water temperature
Average wind speed
Average direct solar irradiance
Cumulative direct solar irradiance
Start and end time
Light efficiency
Light efficiency
Rated power
6.Other supplementary records and instructions
Summary of light efficiency test data
Test data
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