This standard replaces GB 2893-2001 "Safety Colors". This standard specifies the colors that convey safety information, the test methods and the use methods of safety colors. This standard applies to the surface colors of signals and signs used in public places, production and operation units, and industries such as transportation, construction, warehousing, and fire protection. This standard does not apply to light signals and colors used for navigation, inland waterway transportation and other purposes. Compared with GB 2893-2001, the main changes of this standard are as follows: - The standard text has been redrafted in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Writing Rules of Standards"; - With reference to ISO 3864-1:2002 "Graphic Symbols - Safety Colors and Safety Signs - Part 1: Design Principles for Safety Signs in Workplaces and Public Areas", the color representation and technical requirements of safety colors have been revised and supplemented; - According to relevant Chinese standards, some terms, definitions and appendices have been revised. GB 2893-2008 Safety Colors GB2893-2008 Standard Download Decompression Password: www.bzxz.net
This standard replaces GB 2893-2001 "Safety Colors". This standard specifies the colors that convey safety information, the test methods and the use methods of safety colors. This standard applies to the surface colors of signals and signs used in public places, production and operation units, and industries such as transportation, construction, warehousing, and fire protection. This standard does not apply to light signals and colors used for navigation, inland waterway transportation, and other purposes. Compared with GB 2893-2001, the main changes of this standard are as follows: ——The standard text has been redrafted in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and writing rules of standards"; ——Revised and supplemented the color representation and technical requirements of safety colors with reference to ISO 3864-1:2002 "Graphic symbols - safety colors and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas"; ——Revised some terms and definitions and appendices according to relevant Chinese standards.
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory.
This standard is modified to adopt ISO 3864-1:2002 "Graphic symbols - safety colors and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas" (English version).
Compared with ISO 3864-1:2002, this standard mainly has the following technical differences:
———Adds the measurement methods of the chromaticity and photometric properties of safety colors and contrast colors;
———Adds the guidelines for the use of safety colors.
This standard replaces GB 2893-2001 "Safety Colors".
Compared with GB 2893-2001, the main changes of this standard are as follows:
———The standard text has been redrafted in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Writing Rules of Standards"; ||tt || ——— Revised and supplemented the color representation and technical requirements of safety colors with reference to ISO 3864?1:2002 "Graphic Symbols — Safety Colors and Safety Signs — Part 1: Design Principles for Safety Signs in
Workplaces and Public Areas" ; ———Revised some terms and definitions and appendices according to relevant standards of China. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix. This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Work Safety. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Work Safety Standardization. The drafting unit of this standard: Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Tong, Song Bingxue, Xie Yushu, Zhu Wei, Dai Baoqian, Wang Peiyi, Lv Lianghai, Bai Yongqiang, Chen Xiaoling, Wang Shan, Chen Hongqiao. This standard was first issued in 1982 and revised for the first time in 2001. The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions are applicable to this standard. GB2894 Safety signs and guidelines for their use GB/T3978 Standard illuminants and geometric conditions GB/T3979 Methods for measuring object colour GB5768 Road traffic signs and markings GB13495 Fire safety signs Foreword III 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Colour representation 2 5 Technical requirements 3 6 Measurement methods 6 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Guidelines for the use of safety colours 8 A. 1 Safety colours 8 A. 2 Alternating stripes between safety colours and contrasting colours 8 A. 3. Usage requirements ９ A. 4. Inspection and maintenance ９

ICS 01.080.01
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB2893-2008
Replaces GB2893—2001
Safety colours
Safety colours
(ISO 3864-1:2002,Graphical symbols---Safety coloursand safetysigns-Part 1:Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas, MOD) 2008-12-11 issued
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China
Baiyeti
2009-10-01 implementation
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Color representation
5 Technical requirements
6 Measurement methods
Appendix A (Normative Appendix)
A.1 Safety colors
Guidelines for the use of safety colors
A.2 Safety colors and contrast Colorimetric alternating stripes
A.3 Requirements for use
Inspection and maintenance
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GB2893—2008
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory. Foreword
GB2893—2008
This standard is modified to adopt ISO3864-1:2002 "Graphic symbols - safety colors and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas" (English version). Compared with ISO3864-1:2002, this standard mainly has the following technical differences: it supplements the measurement methods of the chromaticity and photometric properties of safety colors and contrast colors; it supplements the guidelines for the use of safety colors.
This standard replaces GB2893—2001 "Safety Colors". Compared with GB2893-2001, the main changes of this standard are as follows: 1. The standard text has been redrafted in accordance with the requirements of GB/T1.1 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Writing Rules of Standards";
—— With reference to ISO3864-1.2002 "Graphical Symbols - Safety Colors and Safety Signs - Part 1: Design Principles for Safety Signs in Workplaces and Public Areas", the color representation and technical requirements of safety colors have been revised and supplemented; according to relevant standards of my country, some terms and definitions and appendices have been revised. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix.
This standard is proposed by the State Administration of Work Safety. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Work Safety Standardization. The drafting unit of this standard: Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science. The main drafters of this standard: Wang Tong, Song Bingxue, Xie Yumei, Zhu Wei, Dai Baoqian, Wang Peiyi, Lv Lianghai, Bai Yongqiang, Chen Xiaoling, Wang Shan, Chen Hongqiao.
This standard was first issued in 1982 and revised for the first time in 2001. Date
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1 Scope
Safety colors
This standard specifies the colors that convey safety information, the test methods and the use methods of safety colors. GB2893—2008
This standard applies to the surface colors of signals and signs used in public places, production and operation units, and industries such as transportation, construction, warehousing, and fire protection.
This standard does not apply to light signals and colors used for navigation, inland waterway transportation and other purposes. 2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through reference in this standard. For all dated referenced documents, all subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this standard. However, the parties to the agreement based on this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all undated referenced documents, the latest versions shall apply to this standard. GB2894 Safety signs and guidelines for their use
GB/T3978 Standard lighting objects and geometric conditions GB/T3979 Methods for measuring object color
GB5768 Road traffic signs and markings
GB13495 Fire safety signs
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1
Safety colorsafetycolour
Color that conveys safety information, including red, blue, yellow and green. 3.2
Contrast colorcontrastcolour
Contrast color that makes the safety color more eye-catching, including black and white. 3.3
safety marking
Safety marking
Marking that uses safety color and (or) contrasting color to convey safety information or make an object or place more eye-catching. 3.4
Color gamutcolourgamut
The range of a set of colors that can meet certain conditions in a chromaticity diagram or color space. 3.5
Brightnessluminance
At a point on the luminous surface, the illuminated surface or the light propagation section, the quotient obtained by dividing the luminous flux of a tiny face element including the point in a tiny solid surface in a certain direction by the product of the orthographic projection area of ​​the tiny face element and the tiny solid angle. 3.6
Brightness factorluminancefactor
Under specified lighting and observation conditions, the ratio of the brightness L of a point on the surface of a non-self-luminous body in a given direction to the brightness L of a completely reflecting or completely transmitting diffuser under the same conditions. The brightness factor is represented by β. 1
GB2893—2008
Brightness contrastluminancecontrast
The ratio of the brightness L of the contrasting color to the brightness L of the safe color, where L is greater than L2. The brightness contrast is represented by k. k
Retroreflection
·（1）
...(2)
Reflection of light returning from the opposite direction of the incident light. This property can be maintained when the direction of the incident light changes within a large range.
Luminous intensity coefficient coefficientof luminousintensity The quotient of the light intensity I of the retroreflection in the observation direction divided by the illuminance E projected onto the retroreflector and falling on a plane perpendicular to the incident direction, that is:
Where:
R—luminous intensity coefficient, unit is candela per lux (cd·lx-1); I
luminous intensity, unit is candela (cd);
vertical illuminance, unit is lux (1x). Coefficient of retroreflection
coefficientofretroreflection The quotient of the retroreflective light intensity coefficient R of the retroreflective surface divided by its area A, that is: R'R
Where:
Retroreflection coefficient, unit is candela per lux square meter (cd·1x-1·m-); -Light intensity coefficient, unit is candela per lux (cd·Ix-1); Test area of ​​the sample, unit is square meter (m); Light intensity, unit is candela (cd);
Vertical illuminance, unit is lux (Ix); -Illuminance, unit is lux (Ix);
d-——The distance from the lighting source to the receiving direction, unit is meter (m) 4 Color representation
4.1 Safety color
4.1.1 Red
Transmits information of prohibition, stop, danger or reminder of fire-fighting equipment and facilities. 4.1.2 Blue
Transmits directive information that must be followed. 2
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.（4）
..（5）
4.1.3 Yellow
Transmits information of attention and warning.
4.1.4 Green
Transmits information of safety reminder.
4.2 Contrasting colors
When safety colors and contrasting colors are used at the same time, they should be used in combination according to the provisions of Table 1. Table 1 Contrasting colors of safety colors
Safety colors
4.2.1 Black
Black is used for the text, graphic symbols of safety signs and the geometric borders of warning signs. 4.2.2 White
Contrasting colors
White is used for the background colors of red, blue and green in safety signs, and can also be used for the text and graphic symbols of safety signs. 4.3 Alternating stripes of safety color and contrasting color
Alternating stripes are of equal width and inclined at about 45°. 4.3.1 Red and white stripes
Safety signs indicating prohibition or warning of the location of fire-fighting equipment and facilities. 4.3.2 Yellow and black stripes
Safety signs indicating dangerous locations.
4.3.3 Blue and white stripes
Safety signs indicating instructions, conveying information that regulations must be followed. 4.3.4 Green and white stripes
Safety signs indicating safe environments.
5 Technical requirements
The chromaticity range of safety colors shall be as shown in Figure 1 and Table 2. The chromaticity range of safety colors that meet precise color requirements shall comply with the requirements of Table 3. The contrast color and brightness factor of phosphorescent colors shall be as shown in Figure 1 and Table 4. The minimum retroreflection coefficient of materials containing retroreflective materials is shown in Table 5. GB2893—2008
For transilluminating materials, the and y coordinates shall be within the color range given in Table 2, and the brightness contrast ratio shall be within the range given in Table 6. If the following conditions are met, the safety color is considered not to meet the requirements: a) Retroreflective materials in use (Table 5): the photometric value is reduced to less than 50% of the required minimum value, or the chromaticity coordinates fall outside the boundaries of the range given in Table 2;
Fluorescent materials in use: the chromaticity coordinates fall outside the boundaries of the range given in Table 2. b)
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Legend:
R Red
Y Yellow
G Green
B Blue
380~410
Wh White
Bk Black
Ph Light yellow white phosphorescent
Safety color range consistent with Table 2
Safety color range consistent with Table 3, safety color range consistent with Table 3 for ordinary materials, safety color range consistent with Table 3 for retroreflective material type 1 Color range, type of retroreflective material 2560
Figure 1 Chromaticity area of ​​safety colors and contrasting colors
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690~780
GB2893—2008
Table 2 Chromaticity coordinates and brightness factors of ordinary materials, luminous materials, retroreflective materials and combined materials Chromaticity coordinates of corner points of the allowable color range
(Standard illuminant Ds5, 2° field of view)
Determine the type of retroreflective material based on the retroreflection coefficient. 4
Ordinary materials
Luminous materials
Brightness factor β
Retroreflective materials
Type 1
3 Chromaticity coordinates of ordinary materials and retroreflective materials in a smaller range in the chromaticity diagramTable 3
Corner point chromaticity coordinates of the allowable color range (standard illuminant D65, 2° field of view) Color
Ordinary materials
Determine the type of retroreflective material based on the retroreflection coefficient. a
Type 1
http://foodmate.netReflective material
Type 2
Type 2
Combined material
GB2893—2008
Contrasting color of phosphorescent material
Light yellowish white
Observation angle
Incidence angle
Chromaticity coordinates of contrasting color of phosphorescent material under daylight conditionsTable 4
Chromaticity coordinates of corner points of allowable color range [standard illuminant Dss (geometric conditions 45/0), 2° field of view] 0.390
Minimum retroreflection coefficient R
Minimum retroreflection coefficient
(Unit: cd·Ix-1·m-2, light source: standard illuminant A)Type 1
αThe retroreflection coefficient of the colored part printed on the sign should not be less than 80% of the value given in Table 5. Table 6
Safety color
Contrast color
Brightness contrast k
Brightness contrast of transilluminating material
Type 2
Brightness factor β
Note: The uniformity of brightness within the safety color and contrast color is measured by the ratio of the minimum brightness to the maximum brightness within the color, and the ratio should be greater than 1:5. a Black is opaque as a contrast color or symbol color 6
Measurement method
The measurement method of the chromaticity performance of safety colors and contrast colors is shown in 6.1, and the measurement method of the photometric performance is shown in 6.2. 6.1 Chromaticity performance
The chromaticity coordinates of each corner point of the sample are measured according to the method specified in GB/T3979 for the chromaticity performance of safety colors and contrast colors. 6.2 Photometric performance
6.2.1 Measuring device
The measurement principle is shown in Figure 2.
Use the standard A light source specified in GB/T3978, and the light detector should meet the requirements of V (in). The light detector is installed above the light source and in the same plane as the light source.
The aperture angle of the light source and the aperture angle of the light detector of the reference center of the sample should be no more than 12". The vertical illumination unevenness in the entire illuminated area of ​​the sample is less than 5%. The incident angle (β) of the reference axis of the sample relative to the light source axis should be able to vary in the range of 0° to 40°. The observation angle (α) between the observation axis and the illumination axis should be able to vary in the range of 0.2° to 2°. 6
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Measurement process
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Reference axis
Incident angle
Light detector aperture angle?
Observation angle α
Light source aperture
Measurement principle of retroreflection coefficient
Observation axis
Illumination axis
The light detector is placed The reference center of the sample faces the light source, and the vertical illuminance E' on the sample surface is measured; GB2893-2008
Light detector
Then place the above light detector at the position of Figure 2, move the light detector so that its observation angle is α, rotate the sample so that the incident angle is equal to β, and measure the illuminance E of the sample at angles α and β: measure the distance d between the reference center plane of the sample and the aperture surface of the light detector and the area A of the tested sample; finally, substitute the above E', E, d and A into formula (4) and formula (5) respectively, and calculate the retroreflection coefficient R' under different observation angles and incident angles.
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GB2893-2008
A1 Safety color
A.1.1 Red
Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Guidelines for the use of safety colors
Various prohibition signs (refer to GB2894), traffic prohibition signs (refer to GB5768); fire equipment signs (refer to GB13495); mechanical stop buttons, brake and parking device operating handles; exposed parts of rotating parts of mechanical equipment: limit position scales on instrument dials; various danger signal flags, etc.
A.1.2 Yellow
Various warning signs (refer to GB2894); warning signs in road traffic signs and markings (refer to GB5768); warning signal flags, etc. A.1.3 Blue
Various instruction signs (refer to GB2894); road traffic signs and instruction signs in markings (refer to GB5768), etc. A.1.4 Green||t t||Various warning signs (refer to GB2894); machine start button; safety signal flag; first aid station, evacuation passage, shelter, emergency shelter, etc.
A2 Safety color and contrast color stripes
A2.1 Red and white stripes
Applied to the guardrails and isolation piers used in transportation and other aspects, stripes of liquefied petroleum gas tank trucks: the color stripes on the sign poles with fixed prohibition signs (as shown in Figure A.1), etc. A.2.2 Yellow and black stripes
Applied to various parts of machinery that are easy to collide when working or moving, such as the outriggers, boom ends, lifting hooks and counterweights of mobile cranes; the clamping device of shearing machines; the slider of punch presses and other places or equipment with temporary or permanent dangers; the color stripes on the sign poles with fixed warning signs (as shown in Figure A, 1), etc.
The inclination direction of the stripes painted on the equipment should be symmetrical with the center line as the axis, as shown in Figure A.2. The inclination direction of the stripes on the two relative motion (shear or squeeze) edges should be opposite, as shown in Figure A.3. Prohibition
Be careful
Heart must be able to helmet
Color stripes on safety sign poles
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Figure A.2 Schematic diagram of alternating stripes symmetrical with the center of the equipment as the axis Figure A.3 Schematic diagram of the inclination direction of stripes on the relative motion edge A.2.3 Blue and white alternating stripes
GB2893—2008
Indicative guide signs used for road traffic (as shown in Figure A, 4); color stripes on the sign pole of fixed instruction signs (as shown in Figure A.1), etc. Figure A.4 Indicative guide signs
A.2.4 Green and white stripes
Apply to the color stripes on the fixed warning sign pole (as shown in Figure A.1), etc. A.2.5 Width of alternating stripes
The width of the stripes of the safety color and the contrasting color should be equal, that is, each accounting for 50%, and the slope is 45° with the reference plane. The width is generally 100mm, but different widths can be used according to the size of the equipment and the location of the safety sign. The width can be appropriately reduced in a smaller area. There must be no less than two strips of each color.
Requirements for use
When using safety colors, the surrounding brightness and the relationship with other colors should be considered to ensure that the safety colors can be correctly identified. In a bright environment, the lighting source should be close to natural daylight such as D65 light source; in a dark environment, the brightness should be reduced to avoid glare or interference. A.4 Inspection and Maintenance
Any area painted with safety colors should be inspected every six months and kept clean and bright. If there is discoloration or fading that does not conform to the safety color range, the retroreflection coefficient is lower than 70%, or the use environment of the safety color changes, it should be repainted or replaced in time to ensure that the safety color is correct and eye-catching to achieve the purpose of safety warning.
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