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Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical Standard for Sampling of Undisturbed Soils
JBJ-8902
1993North
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
. Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China
Technical Standard for Sampling of Undisturbed Soils
JGJ89-92
Editing Unit: Central South Survey and Design Institute
Approving Department: Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China Effective Date: August 1, 1993
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full-text Information System
About Release Notice on the Industry Standard "Technical Standard for Sampling of Undisturbed Soil"
Construction Standard (No. 19927929
According to the requirements of the former Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection (86) Chengkezi No. 263, the "Technical Standard for Sampling of Undisturbed Soil" edited by Yenan Survey and Design Institute has been reviewed and approved as an industry standard, numbered JGJ89-92, and will be implemented from August 1, 1993. This standard is managed by the Ministry of Construction's Survey and Geotechnical Engineering Standards and Technology Management Unit, the Ministry of Construction's Comprehensive Survey Research Institute, and the specific interpretation and other work is the responsibility of the editorial unit. The Ministry of Construction's Standards and Norms Research Institute organizes the publication
People's Republic of China Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China
December 30, 1992
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standards Full Text Information System
Drilling Earth Sampler
Drilling Sampling
50509099000000000000000000000000950980500000000000000000.
General Provisions for Drilling…
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Sampling with Penetration Earth Sampler....
Sampling with Rotary Earth Sampler
Sampling with Exploration Wells and Trench| |tt||............
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On-site inspection, packaging, storage and transportation of soil samples (8) Appendix A
Appendix II
Appendix D
Technical standards for soil sampling devices
Schematic diagram of the structure of various soil sampling devices
Explanation of terms used in this standard
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Additional readings
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1.0.1 This standard is formulated to improve the technology and quality level of taking undisturbed soil samples in geotechnical engineering investigations and to provide a basis for formulating sampling plans, on-site supervision of sampling operations, and inspection and acceptance of samples.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the sampling of undisturbed soil samples in construction engineering sites and foundation investigations.
The whole process of taking undisturbed soil samples, including the selection of sampling tools and equipment, sampling operations, on-site identification of soil sample quality, soil sample packaging, storage and transportation, shall comply with the provisions of this standard.
1.0.3 Undisturbed soil samples can be taken in boreholes or exploration wells and trenches. Sampling methods and tools shall be selected according to the soil sample quality level and soil layer properties. Sampling work shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the exploration task book, including sampling holes, well numbers, locations, depths and spacing, soil sample quality levels, selected soil sampler types and specifications, and drilling and sampling processes. 1.0.4 In addition to complying with this standard, the taking of undisturbed soil samples shall also comply with the provisions of the relevant current national standards and specifications.
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Drilling soil sampler
2.01 The specifications of the drilling soil sampler shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A. The structures of various soil samplers shall comply with the requirements of Appendix B.
2.0.2 Bored soil samplers may be selected according to Table 2.0.2. Classification and application of bored soil samplers
Soil samplers
Soil samplers
Fixed piston thin-walled soil samplers,
Hydraulic fixed piston thin-walled soil samplers
(III) Heavy tube rotary soil samplers
(Single action)
(III) Heavy tube rotary soil samplers
(Double action)
Free piston thin-walled soil samplers
Xinkou Xinxiao soil samplers,
Type soil samplers
Thick-walled soil samplers
Note: The soil types in brackets are only applicable in some cases. Take soil samples
Plastic to fluidized clay soil, (silt
sand), (Silty soil)
Plastic to hard clay soil,
Silty soil, silty sand, fine sand
Hard plastic to hard clay soil,
Medium sand, coarse sand, gravel sand, (crushed
stone soil), (soft rock)
Plastic to soft plastic clay soil, silty
soil, silty sand
Plastic clay soil (silty
soil), (silty sand)
Various clay soils silty soil, (silty,
fine sand, medium, coarse sand)
2.0.3Before sampling, the soil sampler used should be carefully inspected. Detailed inspection should be carried out and the following requirements should be met:
Inspection of geometric dimensions and shape:
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(1) The cumulative length of edge curling and incompleteness should not exceed 3% of the circumference, and the deviation of the inner diameter of the edge should be within 0-1.0% of the standard value; (2) The outer diameters of the upper, middle and lower sections of the sampling tube should be measured. Each section should be measured in three directions, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values should not exceed 1.5mm; (3) Remove rust or adhering soil from the inner wall of the sampling tube to keep it smooth. 2.0.3.2 Inspection of component functions: (1) The locking device of the piston rod of various piston soil samplers should be kept clean and function normally. The piston should be moderately tight and the seal should be effective. (2) The check valve on the head of the loose-mouth soil sampler should be kept clean, the forward drainage and exhaust holes should be unobstructed, and the reverse sealing should be effective. (3) The single-acting and double-acting functions of the rotary soil sampler should be normal, the inner tube advance degree should meet the requirements, and the spring function of the automatic adjustment of the inner tube advance degree should meet the design requirements. Any component that fails or is defective must be repaired or replaced before it can be put into use. The inner wall of the sampling tube (thin-wall tube or liner tube) can be coated with silicone oil or wax. When using a soil sampler with a liner tube to take a Class I soil sample, a plastic or phenolic laminated paper liner with a regular shape and corrosion resistance should be used. When taking Grade II soil samples, galvanized iron liner pipes can be used. The shape should be round, the seams should be flat, and the box cover should be properly matched. When reused, they should be shaped first, and they must fit well with the pipe wall when put into the sampling tube. Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
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Drilling Sampling
3.1 General provisions for drilling
Diameter grade.
The borehole diameter for taking original soil samples should be larger than the outer diameter of the soil sampler used by 1.2 Above the groundwater level, dry drilling should be adopted, and water injection or flushing should not be used. When the soil is hard, a double (triple) tube rotary soil sampler can be used, and drilling and sampling liquid
are combined.
3.1.3 When drilling in saturated soft clay, silt, and sand, mud wall protection should be adopted. When using casing, drilling should be done first and then casing should be followed. The depth of the casing should be kept at a distance of more than three times the diameter of the pipe from the sampling position. Do not forcefully drill into the soil layer that has not been drilled. To avoid the disturbance of the soil uplift at the bottom of the hole, the water head height in the casing should always be kept equal to the casing.
Below or slightly above the groundwater level.
Drilling should be done in a rotary manner. When drilling below the groundwater level, a spiral head, a lifter or a core drill bit with ventilation and water should be used. When there are no strict requirements for identifying the strata, a side-spraying flushing drill bit can also be used to make a hole, but a bottom-spraying flushing drill bit should not be used. In the borehole for taking undisturbed soil samples, vibration or impact drilling should not be used.
The hole should be cleaned before the soil sampler is lowered. When sampling with a loose-mouth main sampler, the thickness of the residual floating second at the bottom of the hole shall not exceed 5cm.
3.1.6 The drilling rig must be installed firmly, keep the drilling stable, prevent the drilling tool from shaking when rotating, and avoid disturbing the hole when lifting the clamp. 3.2 Sampling with a penetration soil sampler
3.2.1 The soil sampler should be lowered smoothly and should not impact the bottom of the hole. After the soil sampler is lowered, the hole depth and the length of the drilling tool should be checked. If the thickness of the residual loose soil exceeds the specified value, the soil sampler should be lifted and the hole should be cleaned again.
3.2.2 When taking the first-level undisturbed soil sample, the soil sampler should be penetrated by a fast and continuous static pressure method, and the penetration speed should not be less than 0.1m/s. When using the feed system of the drilling rig to apply pressure, it should be ensured that there is enough stroke for continuous penetration. When taking the second-level undisturbed soil sample, the intermittent static pressure method or the heavy hammer less impact method can be used.
3.2.3 When pressing the fixed piston soil sampler, the piston rod should be firmly connected to the drill frame to prevent the piston from moving downward. When monitoring the displacement change of the piston rod during the penetration process, a mark relative to the ground fixed point can be set on the piston rod to measure the height difference. The displacement of the piston rod shall not exceed 1% of the total penetration depth. 3.2.4/ The depth of the penetration sampling tube should be controlled at about 90% of the total length. The penetration depth should be carefully measured and recorded after the penetration is completed. 3.2.5 Before lifting the soil sampler, in order to cut off the connection between the soil sample and the bottom soil of the hole, it can be rotated 2~3 times or left to stand for a while before lifting. 3.2.6 The lifting of the soil sampler should be uniform and stable to avoid bumps. 3.3 Sampling with a rotary soil sampler
When using a single-action or double-action double (triple) tube to take the original soil sample, it must ensure stable rotary drilling and the drill rod used should be straightened in advance. In order to avoid the vibration of the drill and the disturbance of the soil layer, a weight rod can be added to the soil sampler. 3.3.2 Mud should be used as the flushing fluid. The drilling parameters should be determined by test drilling according to the characteristics of the strata at each site, or according to existing experience. 3.3.3 At the beginning of sampling, the pump pressure and pump volume should be reduced to the minimum limit that can maintain drilling, and then gradually increased to normal values as the footage increases. 3.3.4 The rotary soil sampler should have a replaceable pipe shoe that can change the lead length of the inner tube. The inner tube mouth should be flush with the outer tube. As the soil softens, the lead of the inner tube can be increased to 50150mm. For alternating soft and hard soil layers, an improved single-action double (triple) weight tube soil sampler with automatic adjustment function should be used.
3.3.5 For hard clay soil, dense gravel sand, crushed stone soil and soft rock above hard plastic, a double-action triple tube sampler can be used to take undisturbed soil samples. For non-cemented sand and gravel layers, reverse claws can be added to the bottom shoe during sampling. 3.3.6 When using pumpless reverse circulation drilling technology, sand samples can be taken with ordinary single-layer core tubes. In areas with sufficient experience and under the guarantee of reliable operation, they can be used as Class II undisturbed soil samples.
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Sampling of Exploration Wells and Exploration Trench
4.0.1 The box-shaped soil samples taken in the exploration wells and exploration trenches in accordance with Articles 4.0.2 and 4.0.3 can be used as engineering-level undisturbed soil samples
4.0.2 The undisturbed soil samples taken in the exploration wells and exploration trenches should be packed in boxes. The soil sample container can be Φ120mm×200mm or 120mm×120mm×200mm, @150mm×200mm or 150mm×150mm×200mm. For heterogeneous soil containing coarse particles, the size can be determined according to the test design requirements. The soil sample container should be made into an assembled type and have sufficient rigidity to avoid deformation of the soil sample due to excessive dead weight. The container should have sufficient clearance so that there is a 10mm gap on all sides and above and below after the soil sample is filled.
4.0.3 The following steps should be followed when taking box-shaped soil samples: () Level the surface of the sampling location;
() Remove the surrounding soil according to the clearance outline of the soil sample container to form a soil column, which is 20mm smaller than the inner size of the container;
(3) Put on the container frame, with the upper edge of the frame about 10mm higher than the soil sample column, and then pour in hot wax liquid. The wax liquid should fill the gap between the soil sample and the container to the top of the frame and be flush with it. After the wax liquid solidifies, screw on the cover plate with screws; () Dig out the root of the king sample to separate it from the mother body, then turn it upside down and cut off the excess soil at the root to about 10mm below the frame, then pour in hot wax liquid, and screw on the bottom cover plate after it solidifies.
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Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
On-site inspection,
Packaging, storage and transportation of soil samples
5.0.1 After the soil sampler is lifted out of the ground, the soil sample and the container (liner) shall be carefully removed and the following requirements shall be met
(1) For thin-walled tubes connected by screws, the sampling tube can be removed by removing the screws; (2) For sampling tubes connected by threaded connections and rotary sampling tubes, For soil samplers, chain pliers, free pliers or special wrenches should be used to remove them. Tools such as pipe pliers that may squeeze the soil sample or damage the sampling tube should not be used. (3) When using a soil sampler with a liner whose outer tube is not a semi-closed tube, a bulldozer should be used to push the liner and soil sample out of the outer tube, and the soil sample at the bulldozer end should be cut to slightly below the edge of the liner in advance to prevent the soil sample from being compressed during bulldozing. (4) For various piston soil samplers, the piston air hole should be opened to eliminate the vacuum before removing the sampling tube. The sampling recovery rate of the Class I original soil sample taken from the borehole should be measured on site. When the sampling recovery rate is greater than 1.0 or less than 0.95, it should be checked whether the size measurement is incorrect and whether the soil sample is compressed. The soil sample should be discarded or used at a lower grade according to the situation.
5.0.3 The following methods can be used to seal soil samples
()) Remove about 20mm from both ends, add a wooden permeable disc with the same cross-sectional area as the main sample, and then pour wax liquid until it is flush with the end of the container. After the wax liquid solidifies, buckle the rubber or plastic protective cap;
(2) After covering both ends with a suitable food cover, seal all joints with gauze wax or adhesive tape.
5.0.4 After each soil sample is sealed with wax, a label should be filled in. The label should be consistent with the soil sample from top to bottom and firmly attached to the outer wall of the container. The soil sample label should record the following information: Wang Cheng's name or number,
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Sand and gravel layers, reverse claws can be added to the bottom shoe when sampling. 3.3.6Using pumpless reverse circulation drilling technology, sand samples can be taken with ordinary single-layer core tubes. In areas with sufficient experience and under the guarantee of reliable operation, it can be used as a Class II undisturbed soil sample.
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Sampling of exploration wells and exploration trenches
4.0.1The box-shaped soil samples taken in exploration wells and exploration trenches in accordance with Articles 4.0.2 and 4.0.3 can be used as engineering-level undisturbed soil samples
4.0.2The undisturbed soil samples taken in exploration wells and exploration trenches should be packed in boxes. The soil sample container can be Φ120mm×200mm or 120mm×120mm×200mm, @150mm×200mm or 150mm×150mm×200mm. For heterogeneous soil containing coarse particles, the size can be determined according to the test design requirements. The soil sample container should be made into an assembled type and have sufficient rigidity to avoid deformation of the soil sample due to excessive dead weight. The container should have sufficient clearance so that there is a 10mm gap on all sides and above and below after the soil sample is filled.
4.0.3 The following steps should be followed when taking box-shaped soil samples: () Level the surface of the sampling location;
() Remove the surrounding soil according to the clearance outline of the soil sample container to form a soil column, which is 20mm smaller than the inner size of the container;
(3) Put on the container frame, with the upper edge of the frame about 10mm higher than the soil sample column, and then pour in hot wax liquid. The wax liquid should fill the gap between the soil sample and the container to the top of the frame and be flush with it. After the wax liquid solidifies, screw on the cover plate with screws; () Dig out the root of the king sample to separate it from the mother body, then turn it upside down and cut off the excess soil at the root to about 10mm below the frame, then pour in hot wax liquid, and screw on the bottom cover plate after it solidifies.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
On-site inspection,
Packaging, storage and transportation of soil samples
5.0.1 After the soil sampler is lifted out of the ground, the soil sample and the container (liner) shall be carefully removed and the following requirements shall be met
(1) For thin-walled tubes connected by screws, the sampling tube can be removed by removing the screws; (2) For sampling tubes connected by threaded connections and rotary sampling tubes, For soil samplers, chain pliers, free pliers or special wrenches should be used to remove them. Tools such as pipe pliers that may squeeze the soil sample or damage the sampling tube should not be used. (3) When using a soil sampler with a liner whose outer tube is not a semi-closed tube, a bulldozer should be used to push the liner and soil sample out of the outer tube, and the soil sample at the bulldozer end should be cut to slightly below the edge of the liner in advance to prevent the soil sample from being compressed during bulldozing. (4) For various piston soil samplers, the piston air hole should be opened to eliminate the vacuum before removing the sampling tube. The sampling recovery rate of the Class I original soil sample taken from the borehole should be measured on site. When the sampling recovery rate is greater than 1.0 or less than 0.95, it should be checked whether the size measurement is incorrect and whether the soil sample is compressed. The soil sample should be discarded or used at a lower grade according to the situation.
5.0.3 The following methods can be used to seal soil samples
()) Remove about 20mm from both ends, add a wooden permeable disc with the same cross-sectional area as the main sample, and then pour wax liquid until it is flush with the end of the container. After the wax liquid solidifies, buckle the rubber or plastic protective cap;
(2) After covering both ends with a suitable food cover, seal all joints with gauze wax or adhesive tape.
5.0.4 After each soil sample is sealed with wax, a label should be filled in. The label should be consistent with the soil sample from top to bottom and firmly attached to the outer wall of the container. The soil sample label should record the following information: Wang Cheng's name or number,
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Sand and gravel layers, reverse claws can be added to the bottom shoe when sampling. 3.3.6Using pumpless reverse circulation drilling technology, sand samples can be taken with ordinary single-layer core tubes. In areas with sufficient experience and under the guarantee of reliable operation, it can be used as a Class II undisturbed soil sample.
Engineering 6 Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Sampling of exploration wells and exploration trenches
4.0.1The box-shaped soil samples taken in exploration wells and exploration trenches in accordance with Articles 4.0.2 and 4.0.3 can be used as engineering-level undisturbed soil samples
4.0.2The undisturbed soil samples taken in exploration wells and exploration trenches should be packed in boxes. The soil sample container can be Φ120mm×200mm or 120mm×120mm×200mm, @150mm×200mm or 150mm×150mm×200mm. For heterogeneous soil containing coarse particles, the size can be determined according to the test design requirements. The soil sample container should be made into an assembled type and have sufficient rigidity to avoid deformation of the soil sample due to excessive dead weight. The container should have sufficient clearance so that there is a 10mm gap on all sides and above and below after the soil sample is filled. www.bzxz.net
4.0.3 The following steps should be followed when taking box-shaped soil samples: () Level the surface of the sampling location;
() Remove the surrounding soil according to the clearance outline of the soil sample container to form a soil column, which is 20mm smaller than the inner size of the container;
(3) Put on the container frame, with the upper edge of the frame about 10mm higher than the soil sample column, and then pour in hot wax liquid. The wax liquid should fill the gap between the soil sample and the container to the top of the frame and be flush with it. After the wax liquid solidifies, screw on the cover plate with screws; () Dig out the root of the king sample to separate it from the mother body, then turn it upside down and cut off the excess soil at the root to about 10mm below the frame, then pour in hot wax liquid, and screw on the bottom cover plate after it solidifies.
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
Engineering Construction Standard Full Text Information System
On-site inspection,
Packaging, storage and transportation of soil samples
5.0.1 After the soil sampler is lifted out of the ground, the soil sample and the container (liner) shall be carefully removed and the following requirements shall be met
(1) For thin-walled tubes connected by screws, the sampling tube can be removed by removing the screws; (2) For sampling tubes connected by threaded connections and rotary sampling tubes, For soil samplers, chain pliers, free pliers or special wrenches should be used to remove them. Tools such as pipe pliers that may squeeze the soil sample or damage the sampling tube should not be used. (3) When using a soil sampler with a liner whose outer tube is not a semi-closed tube, a bulldozer should be used to push the liner and soil sample out of the outer tube, and the soil sample at the bulldozer end should be cut to slightly below the edge of the liner in advance to prevent the soil sample from being compressed during bulldozing. (4) For various piston soil samplers, the piston air hole should be opened to eliminate the vacuum before removing the sampling tube. The sampling recovery rate of the Class I original soil sample taken from the borehole should be measured on site. When the sampling recovery rate is greater than 1.0 or less than 0.95, it should be checked whether the size measurement is incorrect and whether the soil sample is compressed. The soil sample should be discarded or used at a lower grade according to the situation.
5.0.3 The following methods can be used to seal soil samples
()) Remove about 20mm from both ends, add a wooden permeable disc with the same cross-sectional area as the main sample, and then pour wax liquid until it is flush with the end of the container. After the wax liquid solidifies, buckle the rubber or plastic protective cap;
(2) After covering both ends with a suitable food cover, seal all joints with gauze wax or adhesive tape.
5.0.4 After each soil sample is sealed with wax, a label should be filled in. The label should be consistent with the soil sample from top to bottom and firmly attached to the outer wall of the container. The soil sample label should record the following information: Wang Cheng's name or number,
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